CN105087879A - H-type thermal refining method for long shaft workpiece - Google Patents
H-type thermal refining method for long shaft workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN105087879A CN105087879A CN201410213428.4A CN201410213428A CN105087879A CN 105087879 A CN105087879 A CN 105087879A CN 201410213428 A CN201410213428 A CN 201410213428A CN 105087879 A CN105087879 A CN 105087879A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an H-type thermal refining method for a long shaft workpiece. The H-type thermal refining method includes the steps of groove digging, brick placement, lump coal laying and coal ash covering for cooling after ignition and temperature rise, namely the step of coal ash cooling. A box is built on site, the process parameters are adjusted, and the thermal refining requirement is met to the maximum extent. Traditional box furnace thermal refining process equipment is replaced, the equipment investment of about 300000 yuan is omitted for a workpiece machining factory, the workpiece thermal refining cost is reduced, and obvious economic benefits are achieved. The parameters in the thermal refining process are adjusted and controlled to accord with the machining process of the method in the best state, the best performance of the workpiece thermal refining result is improved, the crystal texture of metal is improved, the strength and plasticity of the metal are greatly improved, and the defect that a workpiece is prone to deformation in the machining process is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Machining Technology field, especially a kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method.
Background technology
Modifier treatment refers to that metal object object is under normal temperature state, its hardness is not high, when carrying out work pieces process, easy distortion, and then by adopting specific processing sequence, the crystalline structure of metal objects is changed, and then change crystalline structure, improve the hardness of metal objects and plasticity-, and then guarantee that metal works adds and can not deform man-hour, improve the efficiency of the surface irregularity course of processing of metal works and reduce costs.Therefore, in existing Machining Technology, usually all can carry out modifier treatment to processing work, to enable the hardness of workpiece meet rough machined requirement, ensure the dimensionally stable of workpiece.
For the modifier treatment technology of general workpiece, normally by after case stove high temperature normalizing, along with the tempering of case stove, its casing is generally no more than 3m; For longer long axis workpiece, when needing to carry out modifier treatment, just need the length transforming case stove, the specification of adjusting tank stove, make the modified cost of long axis workpiece improve greatly like this, conditioning period extends, for this reason, at present larger difficulty is also faced with for the modified of long axis workpiece (long axis workpiece more than 3m), needs this to be made to new Researching and Thinking.
In the prior art, for the process-intensive of modifier treatment, quenching-tempering step is all adopted to realize, " the stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings heat treating method " that be CN201210049937.9 as the patent No. discloses a kind of heat treatment process being applicable to the high-temperature component Nozzle reinforcing ring of 600MW steam turbine, high temperature steel forging steel material is the stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings heat treating method of 2Cr11MoVNbN, specifically before modifier treatment, only increase by one annealing steps, in described annealing steps, stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings is incubated 7-9 hours with the heating rate of 30-80 DEG C/h to 900-940 DEG C, then furnace cooling is to air cooling of coming out of the stove after 450-550 DEG C, described modifier treatment comprises quenching process and drawing process, described quenching process is as follows: stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings is entered stove with the temperature being less than or equal to 450 DEG C, 2.5-3.5 hours are incubated to 650-700 DEG C with the heating rate of 100-150 DEG C/h, 5.5-7 hours are incubated to 1080-1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 100-150 DEG C/h, oil cooling, described drawing process is as follows: stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings is entered stove with the temperature being less than or equal to 250 DEG C, 2.5-3.5 hours are incubated to 320-380 DEG C with the heating rate of 80-120 DEG C/h, 8-10 hours are incubated to 650-660 DEG C with the heating rate of 80-120 DEG C/h, air cooling, and 2 tempering steps are carried out again after modifier treatment, improve the original structure crystal grain thinning degree of stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings, in modified process, controlled by process curve, under the condition ensureing product strength, grain fineness number is controlled, in 2-4 level, to improve workpiece high temperature endurance performance, the patent No. is that " the adopting 20CrMo converted steel to make the method for motorcycle-gear " of CN201110441320.7 discloses a kind of modifier treatment and comprise the steps: 1) quenching: by workpiece heat to 920 ± 5 DEG C, and quench after being incubated 90 minutes, 2) tempering: by workpiece heat to 690 ± 10 DEG C after quenching, and after being incubated 150 minutes, the modified step of workpiece of water-cooled, improves the processing characteristics of workpiece, the patent No. is that " working method of twisted guide rail " of CN201110100713.1 discloses a kind of workpiece process and have modifier treatment operation, and other prior aries, temperature variations in the modified process of workpiece is disclosed, all start with less than the cost from the simplification of hardening and tempering process, hardening and tempering process and study, make at present to complicated with longer, more complicated workpiece hardening and tempering process, modified cost is higher.
For this reason, the present invention starts with from the complexity of hardening and tempering process and the angle of modified cost, by long-term Exploration & stu dy, for long axis workpiece on the spot modified complete processing a kind of practicable technical scheme is provided.
Summary of the invention
To achieve these goals, the invention provides that a kind of technique is simple, to change case convenient, with low cost, and work pieces process performance can be made to obtain the long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method of larger raising.
Particularly be achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, comprises the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 20 ~ 30dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove;
(3) spread lump coal: it is the lump coal of 15 ~ 20cm that the refractory brick again on trench is first spread thick on the surface, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then workpiece to put thick be all around the lump coal of 20 ~ 25cm;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blower fan to help oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 160 ~ 200 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 5 ~ 6 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 160 ~ 200 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, make workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
Further, the wide of described trench is 22-28dm.
Preferably, the wide of described trench is 25dm.
Further, the spacing of the refractory brick that described trench is laterally placed is 2 ~ 4cm.
Further, the spacing of the refractory brick that described longitudinal direction is placed is 1 ~ 2cm.
Preferably, described step 3) in the lump coal thickness on refractory brick upper berth be 18cm.
Preferably, described step 3) in workpiece put lump coal all around thick be 23cm.
Further, described step 4) in the blower fan that adopts be the gas blower of blast 30kpa ~ 200kpa.
Preferably, described step 4) in, after igniting, refining temperature, is incubated after 5.5 hours to after 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h.
Preferably, the described thickness covering the coal ash on H type trench stove is for filling up trench.
Better selection of land, the thickness covering the coal ash on H type trench stove is 20 ~ 30cm, makes it reach the effect of stable cooling.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1. pass through in modified process, adopt and make case on the spot, and adjust its processing parameter, this hardening and tempering method enable adapts to the modified of below 3m workpiece, also can modified at the above workpiece of endoadaptation 3m of least cost, the shortest plant produced time, and then reduce workpiece modifier treatment cost, simplify modifier treatment technique, shorten factory's conditioning period.
2. by carrying out adjusting to the parameter of modified process and controlling, can the complete processing meeting present method of optimum regime, the optimum performance of the modified result of lifting workpieces, improve the crystalline structure of metal, its intensity and plasticity-are greatly improved, avoid the yielding defect of workpiece process.
3. by making case on the spot, and adjusting process parameter, meet modified demand to greatest extent, and then instead of traditional case stove hardening and tempering process equipment, and then avoid the equipment investment of about 300,000 yuan of work pieces process factory, save the modified cost of workpiece, there is significant economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, comprises the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 20dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove; The spacing of the refractory brick laterally placed is 2cm, and the spacing of longitudinally placing refractory brick is 1cm;
(3) spread lump coal: the thick lump coal for 15cm first spread on the surface by the refractory brick again on trench, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then put the thick lump coal for 20cm all around at workpiece;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blast to be that the gas blower of 30kpa helps oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 160 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 5 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 160 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, its thickness is 20cm, makes workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
By rockwell hardness testing, its hardness is HRc28.
Embodiment 2
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, comprises the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 30dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove; The spacing of laterally placing refractory brick is 4cm, and the spacing of longitudinally placing refractory brick is 2cm;
(3) spread lump coal: the thick lump coal for 20cm first spread on the surface by the refractory brick again on trench, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then put the thick lump coal for 25cm all around at workpiece;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blast to be that the gas blower of 200kpa helps oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 200 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 6 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 200 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, the thickness that coal ash covers is 30cm, makes workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
By rockwell hardness testing, its hardness is HRc31.
Embodiment 3
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, comprises the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 25dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove; The spacing of the refractory brick laterally placed is 3cm, and the spacing of longitudinally placing refractory brick is 1.5cm;
(3) spread lump coal: the thick lump coal for 18cm first spread on the surface by the refractory brick again on trench, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then put the thick lump coal for 23cm all around at workpiece;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blast to be that the gas blower of 115kpa helps oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 5.5 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, coal ash thickness is 25cm, makes workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
By rockwell hardness testing, its hardness is HRc29.
Embodiment 4
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, comprises the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 22dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove; The spacing of laterally placing refractory brick is 3.5cm, and the spacing of longitudinally placing refractory brick is 1.8cm;
(3) spread lump coal: the thick lump coal for 19cm first spread on the surface by the refractory brick again on trench, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then put the thick lump coal for 24cm all around at workpiece;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blast to be that the gas blower of 60kpa helps oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 190 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 5.2 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 190 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, coal ash fills up H type trench stove, make workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
Detected by Rockwell hardness, its hardness is HRc32.
Embodiment 5
A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, the step comprised, on the basis of embodiment 4, its technical characteristic Parameters variation situation is as shown in table 1 below, and other steps are with embodiment 4:
| Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 | |
| Ground furrow width (dm) | 22 | 24 | 26 | 29 |
| Horizontal refractory brick spacing (cm) | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.8 |
| Longitudinal refractory brick spacing (cm) | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
| Coal cinder thickness (cm) on refractory brick | 16 | 18 | 17 | 19 |
| Workpiece is lump coal thickness (cm) all around | 2l | 23 | 24 | 22 |
| Gas blower blast (kpa) | 90 | 150 | 170 | 190 |
| Refining temperature first time heat-up rate (DEG C/h) | 165 | 175 | 185 | 195 |
| Refining temperature second time heat-up rate (DEG C/h) | 185 | 165 | 195 | 175 |
| Soaking time (h) after first time modified intensification | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.9 |
| Coal ash cladding thickness (cm) | 2l | 23 | 27 | 29 |
Test example: to the modified workpiece of the method for embodiment 1-5 modified after testing performance index, and contrast with the workpiece that " (stainless steel heat-resistant steel forgings heat treating method " that the prior art document patent No. is CN201210049937.9 makes, its result is as shown in table 1 below:
Obviously can be found out that by table 1 workpiece hardening and tempering method of the present invention significantly can improve quality and the quality of workpiece, strengthen hardness and the grain fineness number of workpiece, extend high temperature resistant duration, more excellent than traditional modifier treatment technology.
Simultaneously, compared with between processing condition with processing method, the present invention is obviously comparatively simple than the processing method of CN201210049937.9, during the longer shaft member of modified processing length, the adjustment of processing method can be carried out rapidly, reduce traditional modified case and add cost in growth process, reduce labour intensity; Avoid modified factory and buy cost required for modified case, there is significant economic benefit.
It is important to point out at this: above embodiment is only limitted to be further elaborated technical scheme of the present invention; can not be interpreted as it is restriction to protection scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art; on basis of the present invention, the technical scheme of making unsubstantiality improvement is protection category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) ditching: before carrying out modifier treatment, first selects one piece of idle level land in modified factory, and digs the trench of a wide 20 ~ 30dm toward underground;
(2) put brick: on trench, laterally place refractory brick again, and longitudinally place refractory brick in refractory brick termination, trench two ends, make it form H type trench stove;
(3) spread lump coal: it is the lump coal of 15 ~ 20cm that the refractory brick again on trench is first spread thick on the surface, then put and need modified long axis workpiece, then workpiece to put thick be all around the lump coal of 20 ~ 25cm;
(4) firing up: after ignition coal cinder, adopts blower fan to help oxygen from the blowing of trench two ends, makes coal cinder homogenous combustion, and makes refining temperature with the heating rate of 160 ~ 200 DEG C/h to after 800 DEG C, is incubated after 5 ~ 6 hours; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 160 ~ 200 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h; Remove blower fan, and with coal ash along on H type trench bell, make workpiece naturally cool to normal temperature along with H type trench stove, take out and process.
2. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the wide of described trench is 22-28dm.
3. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the wide of described trench is 25dm.
4. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the spacing of the refractory brick that described trench is laterally placed is 2 ~ 4cm.
5. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the spacing of the refractory brick that described longitudinal direction is placed is 1 ~ 2cm.
6. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in the lump coal thickness on refractory brick upper berth be 18cm.
7. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in put the thick of lump coal all around at workpiece be 23cm.
8. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 4) in the blower fan that adopts be the gas blower of blast 30kpa ~ 200kpa.
9. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 4) in, after igniting, refining temperature, is incubated after 5.5 hours to after 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h; Make refining temperature again with the heating rate of 180 DEG C/h to after 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h.
10. long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described thickness covering the coal ash on H type trench stove is for filling up trench stove.
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| CN201410213428.4A CN105087879B (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | A kind of long axis workpiece H type hardening and tempering methods |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2615617Y (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-05-12 | 王宁生 | Trench rotary kiln |
| CN102384266A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 贵阳白云高原紧固件有限公司 | Multifunctional crown block piston rod |
| CN102658455A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-12 | 熔盛机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method for preventing long pin shaft of working device of excavator from deforming |
-
2014
- 2014-05-20 CN CN201410213428.4A patent/CN105087879B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2615617Y (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-05-12 | 王宁生 | Trench rotary kiln |
| CN102384266A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 贵阳白云高原紧固件有限公司 | Multifunctional crown block piston rod |
| CN102658455A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-12 | 熔盛机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method for preventing long pin shaft of working device of excavator from deforming |
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