CN105084548A - Efficient anti-blocking constructed wetland based on novel packed bed - Google Patents
Efficient anti-blocking constructed wetland based on novel packed bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105084548A CN105084548A CN201510600529.1A CN201510600529A CN105084548A CN 105084548 A CN105084548 A CN 105084548A CN 201510600529 A CN201510600529 A CN 201510600529A CN 105084548 A CN105084548 A CN 105084548A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient anti-blocking constructed wetland based on a novel packed bed. The wetland is characterized in that a pond body is arranged, two water inlets are symmetrically formed in one side of the pond body, two water outlets are symmetrically formed in the other side of the pond body, and the pond body is filled with the packed bed; the packed bed is sequentially divided into a water distribution area, a composite filler area and a water collecting area in the water flow direction, the water distribution area is filled with cobblestones, the composite filler area is filled with composite filler, and the water collecting area is filled with cobblestones. The particle size of the composite filler in the composite filler area is gradually reduced in the water flow direction, and the composite filler area is internally provided with polyurethane foam cubic processing columns. A soil layer is arranged on the water distribution area, the composite filler area and the water collecting area. Wetland plants are planted on the soil layer. On the basis that high sewage treatment efficiency of the constructed wetland is guaranteed, the blocking probability of the wetland is greatly reduced, the ability, treating heavy metal ions in sewage, of the wetland is enhanced, early-stage start operation time of the wetland is reduced, and operation and maintenance cost of the wetland is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sewage, be specifically related to artificial swamp structure design and bed of packings design.
Technical background
Current, water pollutions and shortage of water resources have become us and have greatly developed the major issue that the daylight saving time faces.According to middle business's information network report display, end to 2011, China's year wastewater emission amount reaches 658.9 hundred million tons, and wherein sanitary sewage quantity discharged is 42,800,000,000 tons, rises 12.7% on year-on-year basis.For the stain disease that quantity discharged is growing, the problems such as the initial cost of traditional activated sludge process treatment process is large, working cost is high, nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) nutritive element clearance is lower become increasingly conspicuous, and thus find that a kind of working cost is low, nitrogen phosphorus processing rate is high, processing mode is particularly important easily in operational management.
Artificial swamp is built and controlling run by artificial, utilizes physics, chemistry, biological triple synergy of soil, artificial dielectric, plant and microorganism, to a kind of technology that sewage, mud process.Artificial swamp has good sewage purification ability and lower investment, operation and maintenance cost, and the removal especially for nutritive elements such as the nitrogen (N) in stain disease, phosphorus (P) has larger advantage compared with traditional activated sludge process.
But artificial swamp there will be the latch up phenomenon of Wetland Substrate in long-time running, have influence on the processing efficiency of Wetlands on Wastewater, thus have to that aeration is adopted to artificial swamp, stop bed and have holidays by turns, change the measures such as matrix and solve blockage problem to a certain extent.But these measures have shortcomings such as artificial regulatory requirement is high, quantities is large, uneconomical practicality, the widespread use of artificial swamp is impacted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks on the basis of traditional drowned flow artificial wet land, its matrix fill, bed structure, operation scheme and families of plant are optimized and are transformed, to ensure that wetland is on the basis of higher sewage treating efficiency, the blocking probability of very big minimizing wetland, reduce the startup optimization time in early stage of wetland, reduce the operation and maintenance cost of wetland, reduce the floor space of wetland, increase wetland heavy metal ion as the processing power of arsenic, lead, chromium.
Technical solution problem of the present invention, adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention is based on the high efficient block artificial swamp of new packing bed, its feature is: arrange a pond body, and be symmetrically arranged with two water-ins in the side of described pond body, opposite side is symmetrically arranged with two water outlets, in the body of described pond, be filled with bed of packings; The catchment area that described bed of packings is divided into the water distribution area being filled with pebbles, the compounded mix district being filled with compounded mix successively along water (flow) direction and is filled with pebbles; In described compounded mix district, the particle diameter of compounded mix reduces gradually along water (flow) direction.
Above described water distribution area, compounded mix district and catchment area, be provided with pedosphere, described pedosphere is planted and is implanted with wetland plant, pedosphere provides growing environment for plant.
High efficient block artificial swamp of the present invention, its feature is also:
Described compounded mix district is divided into maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, the second particle diameter compounded mix district, the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and minimum grain size compounded mix district successively along water (flow) direction; Compounded mix by sandstone and slag in mass ratio 8 ~ 12:1 mix and form, wherein slag can phosphorus in active adsorption water; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described maximum particle diameter compounded mix district is 15 ~ 20mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described second particle diameter compounded mix district is 10 ~ 15mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district is 5 ~ 10mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described minimum grain size compounded mix district is 1 ~ 5mm; Be 20 ~ 50mm at the particle diameter of the pebbles of described water distribution area and described catchment area.
Water distribution area and catchment area length respectively account for 5% ~ 10% of bed of packings overall length; Maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, the second particle diameter compounded mix district, the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district are identical with the length in minimum grain size compounded mix district, divide equally compounded mix district.
In described maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, described second particle diameter compounded mix district, described 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and described minimum grain size compounded mix district, be all distributed with polyurethane foam cubes process post, and the quantity of described process post reduces gradually along water (flow) direction.
Described polyurethane foam cubes process post is filled with polyurethane foam cubes in the inside of double-layer stainless steel silk screen.Outer silk screen is in order to supporting structure, and internal layer silk screen is in order to filled polyurethane foam cubes, and internal layer silk screen can propose from outer silk screen together with the polyurethane foam cubes of filling in it.The polyurethane foam cubes length of side is 3 ~ 5cm, and specific surface area is comparatively large, and biological adhesiveness is good, and biomass is comparatively large, effectively can improve the efficiency of wetland variation and the biomass reduced in compounded mix, reduce Wetland clogging probability.
Described water-in is arranged at described edaphic below, and described water outlet is positioned at the below of described water-in and the difference of altitude of distance water-in is 0.5% ~ 1.0% of pond body length, to ensure that current can overcome wetland internal drag and flow to outlet; The distance of the side of two water-ins, two water outlets and respective side is 50cm; Two water-ins are respectively inserted with a water inlet pipe, and two water inlet pipes are parallel to water inlet manifold, and two water inlet pipes are respectively provided with a magnetic valve; Two water outlets are respectively inserted with an exit branch, and two exit branch are parallel to outfall sewer, two exit branch are respectively provided with a magnetic valve, are controlled by automatic control device; Automatic red-tape operati requires as follows: only open a water inlet pipe magnetic valve and an exit branch magnetic valve during each operation, and each operated water-in and water-out arm need be positioned at the diagonal positions of pond body.
In the body of described pond, be provided with flow deflector, the part being positioned at water distribution area and described catchment area at described pond body is provided with 45 ° of scarp, can conservative control flow direction, improves Local Artificial wetland efficiency; Bottom the body of whole pond, be provided with waterproof layer, prevent because seepage makes sewage pollution underground water; Described pond body is brick masonry structure, and shape is rectangular parallelepiped, and long-width ratio is 2 ~ 3:1.
Described wetland plant can select the reed, cattail etc. of well developed root system, also some super enriching plants can be selected as Herba pteridis vittatae, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli or wild etc., wherein Herba pteridis vittatae can arsenic hyperaccumulation, and Amaranthus. l can surpass cadmium, and the planting density of described wetland plant is 10 ~ 20 strains/m
2.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, artificial swamp of the present invention is on the basis ensureing higher sewage treating efficiency, greatly can reduce the blocking probability of wetland, in strengthening Wetlands on Wastewater, the processing power of heavy metal ion, reduces the startup optimization time in early stage of wetland, reduces the operation and maintenance cost of wetland.
2, the structure of the artificial swamp of the present invention compounded mix district that adopts water distribution area, packing material size to successively decrease gradually with water (flow) direction and catchment area, decreases the probability of wetland front end blocking largely.
3, artificial swamp of the present invention adopts the design of water inlet pipe, exit branch place diagonal positions and pond body inside to arrange the mode of flow deflector, a water stream channel slightly fast can be formed in wetland, and the cubes process post arranged can efficiently concentrating microorganism, there is higher processing efficiency.Therefore the present invention can still keep higher processing efficiency when region is larger at a slow speed for current.
4, artificial swamp of the present invention adopts magnetic valve automatically to control to change Inlet and outlet water position, thus form different current rapid passages, the filler matrix in slow flow rate region and cubes process post can be allowed to be restored after heavy-duty service and to rest and reorganize, for next step heavy-duty service is ready, also decrease the probability of Wetland clogging.
5, artificial swamp of the present invention adopts compounded mix (slag and sandstone), and slag can phosphorus in planar water, and by microbial metabolism consumption in plant, water.Root of Wetland Plants is flourishing, oxygen can be sent to root, for microorganism growth metabolism.Some super enriching plants can surpass the heavy metal ion such as chromium, arsenic in enrichment water, and heavy metal ion is stored in stem, leaf site via root.Heavy metal ion can be removed from water by pruning plant stem-leaf.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the high efficient block artificial swamp that the present invention is based on new packing bed;
Fig. 2 is the orthographic plan of the high efficient block artificial swamp that the present invention is based on new packing bed;
Fig. 3 is the velocity profile of the high efficient block artificial swamp that the present invention is based on new packing bed;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of polyurethane foam cubes process post of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the high efficient block artificial swamp rate distribution histogram that the present invention is based on new packing bed;
Mark in figure: 1 water inlet manifold; 2a first water inlet pipe, 2b second water inlet pipe; 3 outfall sewers; 4a first exit branch, 4b second exit branch; 5 magnetic valves; 6 flow deflectors; 7 polyurethane foam cubes process posts; 8 water distribution area; 9 maximum particle diameter compounded mix districts; 10 second particle diameter compounded mix districts; 11 the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix districts; 12 minimum grain size compounded mix districts; 13 catchment areas; 14 scarp; 15 pedospheres; 16 wetland plants.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this high efficient block artificial swamp is described further.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment, based on the high efficient block artificial swamp of new packing bed, comprises pond body, and pond body is brick masonry structure, and shape is rectangular parallelepiped (long 10m, wide 5m, high 1.5m); Be symmetrically arranged with two water-ins in the side of pond body, opposite side is symmetrically arranged with two water outlets, in the body of pond, be filled with bed of packings; Water-in is arranged at edaphic below, and water outlet is positioned at the below of water-in and the difference of altitude of distance water-in is 1.0% of pond body length; The distance of the side of two water-ins, two water outlets and respective side is 50cm; Two water-ins are respectively inserted with a water inlet pipe, and be respectively the first water inlet pipe 2a and the second water inlet pipe 2b, two water inlet pipes are parallel to water inlet manifold 1, two water inlet pipes are respectively provided with a magnetic valve 5; Two water outlets are respectively inserted with an exit branch, and be respectively the first exit branch 4a and the second exit branch 4b, two exit branch are parallel to outfall sewer 3, two exit branch are respectively provided with a magnetic valve 5.
In the body of pond bed of packings along water (flow) direction be divided into successively be filled with pebbles water distribution area 8, be filled with the compounded mix district of compounded mix and be filled with the catchment area 13 of pebbles, in compounded mix district, the particle diameter of compounded mix reduces gradually along water (flow) direction;
Above water distribution area, compounded mix district and catchment area, be provided with pedosphere 15, pedosphere planted and is implanted with wetland plant 16.
Be 20 ~ 50mm at the particle diameter of the pebbles of water distribution area and catchment area.
Compounded mix district is divided into particle diameter compounded mix district 11 of particle diameter compounded mix district of maximum particle diameter compounded mix district 9, second the 10, the 3rd and minimum grain size compounded mix district 12 successively along water (flow) direction; Compounded mix by sandstone and slag in mass ratio 10:1 mix and form; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in maximum particle diameter compounded mix district is 15 ~ 20mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in the second particle diameter compounded mix district is 10 ~ 15mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district is 5 ~ 10mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in minimum grain size compounded mix district is 1 ~ 5mm;
In maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, the second particle diameter compounded mix district, the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and minimum grain size compounded mix district, be all distributed with polyurethane foam cubes process post 7, and the quantity of process post reduces gradually along water (flow) direction.Such as maximum particle diameter compounded mix district and the second particle diameter compounded mix district are inserted with 3 polyurethane foam cubes process posts, and are inserted with 2 polyurethane foam cubes process posts in the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and minimum grain size compounded mix district; Polyurethane foam cubes process post is filled with polyurethane foam cubes in the inside of double-layer stainless steel silk screen, as shown in Figure 4, its mesectoderm silk screen is as support, and internal layer silk screen can propose from outer silk screen together with the polyurethane foam cubes of filling in it.
In the body of pond, be provided with flow deflector 6, bottom water distribution area and catchment area, be provided with 45 ° of scarp 14, bottom the body of pond, be provided with waterproof layer.
Water distribution area and catchment area length are respectively 1m; Maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, the second particle diameter compounded mix district, the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district are identical with the length in minimum grain size compounded mix district, divide equally compounded mix district.
Treatment sewage is entered by water inlet manifold 1, and the magnetic valve 5 on the first water inlet pipe 2a and the second water inlet pipe 2b only opens one, and sewage enters wetland by a water inlet pipe.In water distribution area 8, water impact weakens and flow rate of water flow reduces, water-flow equation is even, sees Fig. 3 water distribution area position flow rate of water flow distribution plan.Bed of packings central filler be the compounded mix of sandstone and slag, water (flow) direction is pressed particle diameter and reduces arrangement, be respectively particle diameter compounded mix district 11 of particle diameter compounded mix district of maximum particle diameter compounded mix district 9, second the 10, the 3rd and minimum grain size compounded mix district 12.Find according to research, Wetland clogging position is usually positioned at wetland front portion.The filler that the artificial swamp of the present embodiment selects particle diameter larger in wetland front portion, greatly reduces Wetland clogging probability, and due to the existence of slag, can phosphorus in the absorption effluent of more efficient, absorbs via Root of Wetland Plants.In compounded mix district, be distributed with polyurethane foam cubes process post 7, polyurethane foam cubes has the features such as specific surface area is large, biological attachment performance is good, quality is light, greatly can increase the quantity of microorganism in process post, the processing power of strengthening wetland.Wetland inside is provided with flow deflector 6, and flow deflector can select straight plate or arc plate, and the main water flow passage that current are formed after flow deflector water conservancy diversion is " S " type, as shown in Figure 3.Be in the filler matrix on main water flow passage, process post comparatively other position like this, all run with higher load, biomass is larger.Open with water inlet pipe be diagonal lines place an exit branch (with the first water inlet pipe 2a be diagonal lines place be the second exit branch 4b, with the second water inlet pipe 2b be diagonal lines place be the first exit branch 4a) on magnetic valve, after current are concentrated by catchment area 13 place, by this exit branch and outfall sewer 3, the sewage after process is discharged.
Pedosphere 15 is planted reed, cattail that wetland plant 16 selects well developed root system; For containing the sewage of heavy metal ion as cadmium, lead, arsenic etc., some super enriching plants such as Herba pteridis vittatae, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Amaranthus. l etc. can be selected to plant together.These plants can surpass the heavy metal ion in enrichment sewage, and by heavy metal ion, from water, uptake and accumulation is in stem, leaf part, and planting density is 10 ~ 20 strains/m
2.
Adopt the high efficient block artificial swamp of method to the present embodiment of numerical simulation to carry out analysis to find, when flow velocity of intaking is 0.5m/s, the inner flow velocity of wetland accounts for 53.94% of the total area in the region of 0.04 ~ 0.06m/s, and flow velocity only accounts for 9.54% of the total area higher than the region of 0.1m/s, illustrate that wetland water flow inside velocity flow profile is comparatively even, hydraulic performance is comparatively good.Flow velocity accounts for 16.07% of the total area lower than the region of 0.02m/s, and more common underflow type artificial wet land is comparatively large, but this part is the region of recovering to rest and reorganize, and needs comparatively stable environment (as shown in Figure 5).Simulated the residence time destribution of high efficient block artificial swamp liquid flow of the present invention by particle-trajectory model, show that its hydromechanics efficiency λ be 1.725, short circuit value s is 0.927.
Carrying out practically and the operating method of the present embodiment artificial swamp are as follows: first opened by the magnetic valve on the first water inlet pipe 2a, then are opened by the magnetic valve on the second exit branch 4b at diagonal positions place, water inlet.After running for some time, when water quality does not reach requirement or has Yong Shui phenomenon to exist, whether observation is in microorganism in the polyurethane foam cubes process post 7 on main water flow passage too much.When microorganism is too much, the internal layer silk screen of the polyurethane foam cubes process post 7 be on main water flow passage is proposed together with position polyurethane foam cubes in the inner, is placed on airing on one side.Close the magnetic valve on the first water inlet pipe 2a and the second exit branch 4b simultaneously, open the magnetic valve on the second water inlet pipe 2b and the first exit branch 4b, restart operation artificial swamp.At this moment be in the matrix on non-principal water stream channel and process the process that post has oneself's consumption and reparation.
At the several all after dates of operation, the stem, the leaf part that need to be contained by wetland plant in time more heavy metal ion are pruned and are transported to relevant treatment department and carry out process disposal.
Claims (8)
1. based on a high efficient block artificial swamp for new packing bed, it is characterized in that: arrange a pond body, be symmetrically arranged with two water-ins in the side of described pond body, opposite side is symmetrically arranged with two water outlets, in the body of described pond, be filled with bed of packings; The catchment area that described bed of packings is divided into the water distribution area being filled with pebbles, the compounded mix district being filled with compounded mix successively along water (flow) direction and is filled with pebbles; In described compounded mix district, the particle diameter of compounded mix reduces gradually along water (flow) direction.
Above described water distribution area, compounded mix district and catchment area, be provided with pedosphere, described pedosphere planted and is implanted with wetland plant.
2. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described compounded mix district is divided into maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, the second particle diameter compounded mix district, the 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and minimum grain size compounded mix district successively along water (flow) direction;
Compounded mix by sandstone and slag in mass ratio 8 ~ 12:1 mix and form;
The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described maximum particle diameter compounded mix district is 15 ~ 20mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described second particle diameter compounded mix district is 10 ~ 15mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district is 5 ~ 10mm; The particle diameter of the compounded mix in described minimum grain size compounded mix district is 1 ~ 5mm;
Be 20 ~ 50mm at the particle diameter of the pebbles of described water distribution area and described catchment area.
3. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described water-in is arranged at described edaphic below, described water outlet is positioned at the below of described water-in and the difference of altitude of distance water-in is 0.5% ~ 1.0% of pond body length;
The distance of the side of two water-ins, two water outlets and respective side is 50cm;
Two water-ins are respectively inserted with a water inlet pipe, and two water inlet pipes are parallel to water inlet manifold, and two water inlet pipes are respectively provided with a magnetic valve;
Two water outlets are respectively inserted with an exit branch, and two exit branch are parallel to outfall sewer, and two exit branch are respectively provided with a magnetic valve.
4. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described maximum particle diameter compounded mix district, described second particle diameter compounded mix district, described 3rd particle diameter compounded mix district and described minimum grain size compounded mix district, be all distributed with polyurethane foam cubes process post, and the quantity of described process post reduces gradually along water (flow) direction.
5. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described polyurethane foam cubes process post is filled with polyurethane foam cubes in the inside of double-layer stainless steel silk screen.
6. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wetland plant is reed, cattail, Herba pteridis vittatae, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli and/or Amaranthus. l, and the planting density of described wetland plant is 10 ~ 20 strains/m
2.
7. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in the body of described pond, be provided with flow deflector, is provided with 45 ° of scarp bottom described water distribution area and described catchment area, bottom the body of described pond, be provided with waterproof layer.
8. high efficient block artificial swamp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described pond body is brick masonry structure, and shape is rectangular parallelepiped, and long-width ratio is 2 ~ 3:1.
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| CN106966507A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-21 | 东南大学 | Controllable type periodicity two ends alternating water inlet subsurface flow constructed wetland sewage treatment system and its handling process |
| CN109133331A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-04 | 魏伟健 | A kind of uniform aeration oxygenation promotees the catering waste water treatment equipment of work |
| CN109987796A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-09 | 湖南湘信环境科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient water purification module artificial wet land system |
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| CN105084548B (en) | 2017-06-30 |
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