CN105082303A - Method for preparing high-strength wood-plastic composite - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-strength wood-plastic composite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-strength wood-plastic composite through pectinase. The wood-plastic composite comprises a wood or non-wood or bamboo and plastic composite. The wood or non-wood or bamboo and plastic composite comprises, by mass, 5%-80% of wood or non-wood or bamboo fibers or powder and the balance plastic. The plastic comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the like. The method includes the steps of pretreatment, cooking, fiber preparation (powder preparation), pectinase treatment, mixing and squeezing or flat pressing. According to the method, wood raw materials or non-wood raw materials or bamboo is made into fibrous raw materials or powdery raw materials and then treated through the pectinase, so that the wood-plastic composite has the characteristics of being high in strength, resistant to impact, good in load bearing performance, capable of being recycled and used repeatedly and good in reprocessability. According to the method, resources can be saved remarkably, the ecological environment is protected, and the mechanical strength of an existing wood-plastic composite is improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological materials, belong to further and utilize cellulase treatment to prepare wood plastic composite technical field, be specifically related to a kind of pectase that utilizes and the method that pretreatment prepares high-intensity wood plastic composite is carried out to raw material.
Background technology
Wood plastic composite has the double grading of wood materials and plastics, can be widely used in the furniture preparing indoor and outdoors, materials for wall, structural material, automobile baffle etc., is a kind of novel material.But wood materials is a kind of polar material and resin (comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, high density poly propylene and polyvinyl chloride etc.) is a kind of non-polar material, in order to prepare the more excellent wood plastic composite of performance, current lot of domestic and foreign researcher is all around improving the interface compatibility of wood plastic composite or utilizing inorfil to strengthen and carry out; These researchs be included in wood plastic composite add coupling agent, chelating agent is with the interface compatibility improved between wood materials and resin or utilize physicochemical method to process the surface of wood materials, to improve the physical and mechanical property of interface compatibility between wood materials and resin and wood plastic composite or to utilize glass fibre, asbestos fibre, basalt fibre, carbon fiber etc. as reinforcing material to prepare high-intensity wood plastic composite.But it is also rarely found to utilize pectase to process to reach the report improving wood plastic composite physical and mechanical property to raw material at present.
Pectin is the less but class material played a key effect of a kind of content in terrestrial plant; in the intercellular layer being mainly distributed in cell and primary wall; in the primary wall of plant, content is up to 35%; at the early development of cell; pectic substance and inanimate matter define the material of similar " eggshell " on the surface of cell; serve the effect of support and Cell protection; after plant cell development maturation; define complicated chemical bond between the compounds such as pectic substance and cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, serve the effect of viscose fibre cell.But when biological material be applied to prepare composite, nano-cellulose, Ethanol time, " eggshell " class material of what pectic substance and inorganic matter were formed be wrapped in cell surface will play adverse effect.Pectase is that a class can the general name of biology enzyme of depolymerized pectin matter, pectase is utilized to process biological material, pectic substance and cellulose, chemical bond between hemicellulose and lignin can be destroyed, play the object on activated biomass material surface, thus prepare a kind of biomass composite of high strength.
Summary of the invention
The object of invention is the preparation method providing described high-intensity wood plastic composite.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, described high-intensity wood plastic composite comprises wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber or powder reinforced plastics and prepares high-intensity wood plastic composite, the mass percent of described wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber or powder is 5 ~ 80%, and all the other are plastics.Preparation method comprises that raw material is chipped, fiber preparation or powder preparation, pectinase treatment, raw material drying, raw material mixing, plate forming, sheet material post processing and performance test step, specifically comprises:
A, raw material are chipped: regulate wood material, non-wood material or bamboo wood moisture content to 30 ~ 50%, make length 18 ~ 20mm through wood chipping equipment, width 15 ~ 18mm, the wood chip of thickness 4 ~ 5mm, bamboo chip, non-wood material particle are for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, fiber or powder preparation: by wood material wood chip, non-wood material particle or the bamboo wood bamboo chip boiling 15 ~ 120min at temperature 100 ~ 180 DEG C prepared, rear recycling high concentration disc mill is prepared into fiber to the wood chip after boiling, particle or bamboo chip; Or directly utilize grinder to grind the raw material wood chip prepared, non-wood material particle or bamboo wood bamboo chip, be prepared into powder.
C, pectinase treatment: utilize pectinase solution to process the fiber prepared or powder stock, the concentration of pectase is 0.01%-5.0%, and the processing time is 30-120min, and treatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C.
D, raw material drying: the fiber after pectinase solution process or powder are carried out drying under temperature 140-180 DEG C of condition, and drying time is 5s-10min, is dried to moisture content lower than 1%.
E, mixed-forming: dried fiber and plastics being carried out by filling a prescription the mixture being mixed to get fiber and plastics, after shaping, obtain target composite.
F, sheet material post processing: the target composite after overmolding needs in humidity 60%, and process under temperature 25-30 DEG C of condition, the processing time is 24-36h.
G, performance test: the sheet material through post processing is tested according to certain testing standard, the sheet material after qualified after tested carries out Package Testing, and underproof material carries out secondary operations again.
The present invention to utilize through the threadiness of pectinase solution process or pulverous wooden or non-wooden material as the filler of wood plastic composite to prepare the wood plastic composite of physical and mechanical property excellence.Through the process of pectinase solution, the incrusting substance of biological material cell surface is removed, pectic substance and cellulose, chemical bond between hemicellulose and lignin are destroyed, improve the surface-active of biological material and the binding ability between biological material and plastics, contribute to the wood plastic composite preparing a kind of high strength.The enforcement of this technology significantly can not only economize on resources, preserve the ecological environment; and effectively reduce density and the thickness of existing wood plastic composite; for promoting the fast development of wood plastic composite, Development of Novel high strength, ultra-thin wood plastic composite and set up conservation-minded society and lay the foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, but limited the present invention never in any form, and any conversion done based on training centre of the present invention or replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
High-intensity wood plastic composite of the present invention comprises wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber or powder and plastics, and described wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber mass percent are 5 ~ 80%, and all the other are plastics.
Described pectase be all can one or more mixtures of depolymerized pectin enzyme, the concentration of pectinase solution is 0.01-5%, and treatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C, and the processing time is 30-120min.
Described high-intensity wood plastic composite also comprises the coupling agent of mass percent 0.1 ~ 5% and the lubricant of mass percent 1 ~ 10%.
Described plastics are thermoplastics, are the one in polyethylene, polypropylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride.
Described coupling agent is the one in acetic acid esters, maleic anhydride, silane, isocyanates, dicumyl peroxide, Aluminate, ethylene-acrylate, titanate esters, phosphate, magnesium class coupling agent, tin class coupling agent or chromium complex.
Described lubricant is the one in zinc stearate, calcium carbonate, ethylene bis-fatty acid amides, polyester wax, stearic acid, lead stearate, Tissuemat E, paraffin, OPE; Preferred calcium carbonate (CaCO
3).
Preparation method comprises that raw material is chipped, fiber preparation or powder preparation, pectinase treatment, raw material drying, raw material mixing, plate forming, sheet material post processing and performance test step, specifically comprises:
A, raw material are chipped: regulate wood material, non-wood material or bamboo wood moisture content to 30 ~ 50%, make length 18 ~ 20mm through wood chipping equipment, width 15 ~ 18mm, the wood chip of thickness 4 ~ 5mm, bamboo chip, non-wood material particle are for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, fiber or powder preparation: by wood material wood chip, non-wood material particle or the bamboo wood bamboo chip boiling 15 ~ 120min at temperature 100 ~ 180 DEG C prepared, rear recycling high concentration disc mill is prepared into fiber to the wood chip after boiling, particle or bamboo chip; Or directly utilize grinder to grind the raw material wood chip prepared, non-wood material particle or bamboo wood bamboo chip, be prepared into powder.
C, pectinase treatment: utilize pectinase solution to process the fiber prepared or powder stock, the concentration of pectase is 0.01%-5.0%, and the processing time is 30-120min, and treatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C.
D, raw material drying: the fiber after pectinase solution process or powder are carried out drying under temperature 140-180 DEG C of condition, and drying time is 5s-10min, is dried to moisture content lower than 1%.
E, mixed-forming: dried fiber and plastics being carried out by filling a prescription the mixture being mixed to get fiber and plastics, after shaping, obtain target composite.
F, sheet material post processing: the target composite after overmolding needs at humidity 40-60%, and process under temperature 25-30 DEG C of condition, the processing time is 24-36h.
G, performance test: the sheet material through post processing is tested according to certain testing standard, the sheet material after qualified after tested carries out Package Testing, and underproof material carries out secondary operations again.
A kind of method of the preparation method of a kind of high-intensity wood plastic composite of the present invention to be described utilization through the fibrous wood materials of pectinase treatment or wood powder prepare wood plastic composite.
The preparation method of described a kind of high-intensity wood plastic composite, its preparation method is utilize concora crush, extruding or die pressing to carry out shaping under 110 ~ 180 DEG C of conditions by described high-intensity wood plastic composite, and the density of product is 0.70 ~ 1.50g/cm
3, product thickness is 6 ~ 30mm, and molding time is 30 ~ 90s/mm; By utilize flat-press process or die pressing shaping after sheet material, at temperature 25-30 DEG C after cooling, under relative humidity 40-60% condition, carry out modifier treatment 24-36h.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: utilize pectinase solution that wood material, non-wood material or bamboo wood are prepared into threadiness or dusty raw materials initiatively, substitutes the flour, bast long fiber, inorfil etc. that use in existing wood plastic composite preparation process; Compared with similar wood plastic composite, this product has the characteristic that intensity is high, load-bearing property is good, can be used for preparing the fields such as furniture, body of wall, timber, packing case, automobile baffle.The enforcement of this technology significantly can not only economize on resources, preserve the ecological environment; and effectively improve the intensity of existing wood plastic composite; for promoting the fast development of wood plastic composite, Development of Novel high strength, light wood plastic composite material and set up conservation-minded society and lay the foundation.
With some embodiments, the present invention is further described below:
embodiment 1---preparation pinus khasys fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Behavior of polypropylene composites is prepared using pinus khasys as the reinforcing material of wood plastic composite.(1) regulate pinus khasys timber and brush wood moisture content to 30 ~ 50%, then make length 18 ~ 20mm through wood chipping equipment, width 15 ~ 18mm, the wood chip of thickness 4 ~ 5mm; After the out-of-size wood chip of screening removing, for subsequent use; (2) fiber preparation: under temperature 180 DEG C of conditions, wood chip is carried out boiling, digestion time is 15min; After utilize high concentration disc mill to carry out defibrator process, to prepare fiber to well-done pinus khasys wood chip; (3) pectinase solution process: utilize concentration be the pectinase solution of 0.05% under temperature 45 C condition, process 30min; (4) fiber drying: the fiber of separator well is carried out drying under 130 DEG C of conditions, being dried to moisture content is 0-1%.(5) raw material mixing: mixed with polypropylene plastics by dried fiber, the addition of fiber is 50%, and polyacrylic addition is 50%.(6) plate forming: utilize flat-press process to be undertaken shaping by the mixture of fiber and plastics, forming temperature is 180 DEG C, the density of product is 0.80g/cm
3, sheet metal thickness is 10mm, molding time 30s/mm.(7) sheet material post processing: by the sheet material after utilizing flat-press process shaping, after sheet material cooling forming, in humidity 60%, process under temperature 25-30 DEG C of condition, the processing time is 24h.(8) performance test: utilize the performance of omnipotent mechanics machine to sheet material to test, test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 2---preparation pinus khasys fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, the processing time of pectinase solution is 60min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 3---preparation pinus khasys fiber reinforcement type polyvinyl chloride based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, the processing time of pectinase solution is 90min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 4---preparation pinus khasys fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, the processing time of pectinase solution is 120min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 5---prepare bamboo fiber enhanced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is bamboo fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 30min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 6---prepare bamboo fiber enhanced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is bamboo fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 60min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 7---prepare bamboo fiber enhanced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is bamboo fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 90min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 8---prepare bamboo fiber enhanced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is bamboo fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 120min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 9---preparation industrial hemp stalk fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is industrial hemp stalk fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 30min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 10---preparation industrial hemp stalk fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is industrial hemp stalk fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 60min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 11---preparation industrial hemp stalk fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is industrial hemp stalk fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 90min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
embodiment 12---preparation industrial hemp stalk fiber reinforced polypropylene based composites
Repeat embodiment 1, have following difference, living beings reinforcing material is bamboo fiber, and pectinase solution concentration is 0.05%, and treatment temperature is 45 DEG C, and the processing time is 120min, and test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Sequence number | Title | Water absorption rate 24h(%) | Thickness swelling rate 24h (%) | Bending strength (MPa) | Elastic modelling quantity (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) |
| 1 | Embodiment 1 | 9.00 | 2.56 | 27.3 | 2574 | 19.9 |
| 2 | Embodiment 2 | 8.94 | 2.85 | 39.5 | 3821 | 19.5 |
| 3 | Embodiment 3 | 10.30 | 3.32 | 39.2 | 3695 | 18.5 |
| 4 | Embodiment 4 | 9.92 | 3.68 | 37.3 | 3717 | 17.6 |
| 5 | Embodiment 5 | 9.72 | 2.84 | 38.4 | 3992 | 18.2 |
| 6 | Embodiment 6 | 25.83 | 5.37 | 37.2 | 3938 | 19.5 |
| 7 | Embodiment 7 | 15.42 | 3.60 | 35.6 | 3592 | 18.1 |
| 8 | Embodiment 8 | 17.24 | 4.07 | 41.4 | 4002 | 20.4 |
| 9 | Embodiment 9 | 25.51 | 5.70 | 39.6 | 4183 | 23.2 |
| 10 | Embodiment 10 | 26.41 | 6.50 | 37.1 | 4256 | 23.0 |
| 11 | Embodiment 11 | 28.67 | 6.63 | 31.7 | 3908 | 20.5 |
| 12 | Embodiment 12 | 27.16 | 7.03 | 36.8 | 4140 | 22.9 |
As shown in Table 1, after pectinase solution process, 0.80g/cm is only in density
3condition under, its MOR of composite, tensile strength and elastic modelling quantity that the fiber prepared for raw material with three kinds of biological materials and polypropylene composite materials are prepared from all have reached the standard-required of high strength composite.
Claims (9)
1. a high-intensity wood plastic composite, it is characterized in that described high-intensity wood plastic composite comprises wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber reinforced plastics composite or wooden, non-wood or bamboo wood powder enhancement mode wood plastic composite, wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber or wooden, non-wood or bamboo wood powder have passed through the process of pectinase solution; The mass percent of described wooden, non-wood or bamboo fiber or wooden, non-wood or bamboo wood powder is 5 ~ 80%, and all the other are plastics.
2. high-intensity wood plastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wooden, non-wood for strengthening or bamboo fiber or wooden, non-wood or bamboo wood powder also need to utilize pectinase solution to process, the concentration of pectase is 0.01%-5.0%, processing time is 30-120min, and treatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C.
3. high-intensity wood plastic composite according to claim 1 also comprises the coupling agent of mass percent 0.1 ~ 5% and the lubricant of mass percent 1 ~ 10%.
4. high-intensity wood plastic composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that described plastics are thermoplastics, is the one in polyethylene, polypropylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride etc.
5. according to claim 2 pectase comprise that protopectinase, pectinesterase etc. are all can the general name of class of enzymes of depolymerized pectin matter.
6. high-intensity wood plastic composite according to claim 3, is characterized in that described coupling agent is the one in acetic acid esters, maleic anhydride, silane, isocyanates, dicumyl peroxide, Aluminate, ethylene-acrylate, titanate esters, phosphate, magnesium class coupling agent, tin class coupling agent or chromium complex.
7. high-intensity wood plastic composite according to claim 3, is characterized in that described lubricant is the one in zinc stearate, calcium carbonate, polyester wax, stearic acid, lead stearate, Tissuemat E, paraffin, OPE.
8. the preparation method of the arbitrary described high-intensity wood plastic composite of claim 1 ~ 7 is characterized in that comprising that step (one) raw material is chipped, fiber prepares or powder preparation, pectinase treatment, raw material drying, raw material mixing, plate forming, sheet material post processing and a performance test step, specifically comprises:
A, raw material are chipped: regulate wood material, non-wood material or bamboo wood moisture content to 30 ~ 50%, make length 18 ~ 20mm through wood chipping equipment, width 15 ~ 18mm, the wood chip of thickness 4 ~ 5mm, bamboo chip, non-wood material particle are for subsequent use;
The preparation of B, fiber or powder preparation: by wood material wood chip, non-wood material particle or the bamboo wood bamboo chip boiling 15 ~ 120min at temperature 100 ~ 180 DEG C prepared, rear recycling high concentration disc mill is prepared into fiber to the wood chip after boiling, particle or bamboo chip; Or directly utilize grinder to grind the raw material wood chip prepared, non-wood material particle or bamboo wood bamboo chip, be prepared into powder;
C, pectinase treatment: utilize pectinase solution to process the fiber prepared or powder stock, the concentration of pectase is 0.01%-5.0%, and the processing time is 30-120min, and treatment temperature is 30-50 DEG C;
D, raw material drying: the fiber after pectinase solution process or powder are carried out drying under temperature 140-180 DEG C of condition, and drying time is 5s-10min, is dried to moisture content lower than 1%;
E, mixed-forming: dried fiber and plastics being carried out by filling a prescription the mixture being mixed to get fiber and plastics, after shaping, obtain target composite;
F, sheet material post processing: the target composite after overmolding needs in humidity 60%, and process under temperature 25-30 DEG C of condition, the processing time is 24-36h;
G, performance test: the sheet material through post processing is tested according to certain testing standard, the sheet material after qualified after tested carries out Package Testing, and underproof material carries out secondary operations again.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described being shaped to utilizes concora crush, extruding or die pressing to carry out shaping under 110 ~ 180 DEG C of conditions by the mixture of described timber, bamboo wood or crop branch fiber or powder and plastics, obtain target composite.
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| CN105566933A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽以诺木塑板材科技有限公司 | Wood-plastic floor for basketball court |
| CN106240221A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江长兴森大竹木制品有限公司 | A kind of light weight high-strength bamboo Wood Fiber Composite dalle |
| CN106426427A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江长兴森大竹木制品有限公司 | High-toughness bamboo and wood fiber composite decoration plate |
| CN107584621A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-16 | 融水县鼎丰竹木制品有限公司 | A kind of wallboard base material containing China fir and preparation method thereof |
| CN108166070A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of preparation method of short bamboo fiber |
| CN109572122A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-05 | 成都市银隆新能源有限公司 | Aluminum plastic film staple fiber laminated film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110341018A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽温禾新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wood floors production technology |
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| CN110341018A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽温禾新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wood floors production technology |
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