A kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel rapidly and efficiently shaping methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to emery wheel Manufacture and application technical field, be specifically related to a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel rapidly and efficiently shaping methods.
Background technology
Crushing is one of basic fundamental of grinding, makes wheel face obtain the desirable accuracy of form and position, dimensional accuracy and grinding capacity by finishing.Super hard abrasive (diamond and CBN) emery wheel, owing to having high wearability, it is one of main development direction of modern processing, the finishing of super-abrasive grinding wheel is extremely difficult, seriously govern the application of super-abrasive grinding wheel, the high-efficiency and precision green finishing of super-abrasive grinding wheel becomes the emphasis problem of Chinese scholars research.The finishing of usual super-abrasive grinding wheel comprises shaping and dressing two operations, and wheel face excess stock is removed in shaping, makes emery wheel obtain the desirable accuracy of form and position and dimensional accuracy; Dressing is then remove the part bonding agent between wheel face abrasive particle, forms necessary chip space, makes abrasive particle protrude bonding agent surface, forms sharp sharpening, obtain good grinding capacity.
The shaping methods of super-abrasive grinding wheel is more, and conventional has turning method, filing, electric machining method, laser method etc., but turning method is only adapted to hard brittle ceramic bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel; Electric machining method is suitable only for conductive-type metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel; Laser method destructible superabrasive wheel textura epidermoidea.At present, filing shaping range of application is comparatively wide, have cylindricalo grinding method, flat surface grinding method etc., but traditional filing shaping process is outmoded, and freeing wheel waste is large, and shaping efficiency is low, unfavorable energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that current super-abrasive grinding wheel filing shaping efficiency is low, freeing wheel consumption is fast, for solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel rapidly and efficiently shaping methods, not only can increase substantially super-abrasive grinding wheel shaping efficiency, and freeing wheel consumption declines in a large number, is conducive to energy-conserving and environment-protective.
The object of the invention is to realize in the following manner:
A kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel rapidly and efficiently shaping methods, concrete steps are: on grinding machine, install freeing wheel driver, make grinding machine spindle and drive spindle perpendicular; Grinding machine spindle installs and is trimmed emery wheel, driver installs freeing wheel, the axis being trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel is that right-angled intersection is arranged, and makes the two linear velocity direction perpendicular; Grinding machine spindle motor is connected with its frequency converter respectively with driver motor, and frequency converter is connected with PLC again; Further, the temporal scalable being trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel rotating speed has periodically, and the two cycle is identical, phase difference 180 °; When super-abrasive grinding wheel grinding shaping, be trimmed emery wheel at a high speed with freeing wheel low speed, be trimmed emery wheel low speed and match with freeing wheel high speed.
Non-contact displacement sensor is installed being trimmed in wheel face vertical direction, make sensor test light path perpendicular to wheel face, non-contact displacement sensor is connected with PLC, when the emery wheel circularity that non-contact displacement sensor detects is less than or equal to 0.02mm, PLC controls two frequency converters to be stopped exporting, make to be trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel stops the rotation, finishing terminates.
The control signal of described frequency converter is sine wave, square wave or square-wave cycle signal.
The described rotating speed being trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel is 10-10000rpm.
When being trimmed emery wheel and matching with freeing wheel low speed at a high speed, be trimmed Zhuan Su≤2 of the rotating speed/freeing wheel of emery wheel; When being trimmed emery wheel low speed and freeing wheel and matching at a high speed, Zhuan Su≤2 of the rotating speed of freeing wheel/be trimmed emery wheel.
According to super-abrasive grinding wheel filing correcting mechanism, in crushing process, when be trimmed emery wheel at a high speed, freeing wheel slowly run time, be trimmed wheel face abrasive particle part bonding agent vertically and more easily remove, make wheel face lines be tending towards circumference (the circumferential tail of a comet); When being trimmed emery wheel low speed, freeing wheel high-speed rotation, being trimmed wheel face abrasive particle part bonding agent circumferentially and more easily removing, wheel face lines is tending towards axially (the axial tail of a comet).Right-angled intersection like this is to mill, just, low high-speed differentiation coordinates, continuous circulation continuous method for trimming, and around the abrasive particle that super-abrasive grinding wheel surface is protruded, bonding agent is quickly removed, cause Grain Falling Off, thus realize the rapidly and efficiently shaping of super-abrasive grinding wheel surface.
Further, be trimmed wheel face at right angle setting one non-contact displacement sensor, to detect Configuration of Grinding-wheel Surface in real time, PLC is under the feedback and programme-control of non-contact displacement sensor, super-abrasive grinding wheel surface energy is removed adaptively, stops crushing work when feedback signal meets certain condition.
Not only efficiency is high to mill speed difference alienation super-abrasive grinding wheel method for trimming for cross of the present invention, and can save a large amount of freeing wheel, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: conceive clear, system is simple, convenient and practical.The invention provides a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel surface cross to mill speed difference alienation rapidly and efficiently shaping methods, the single finishing tail of a comet of wheel face of relatively traditional filing shaping, the present invention can significantly improve super-abrasive grinding wheel shaping efficiency, reduces freeing wheel consumption, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is super-abrasive grinding wheel cylindrical rapidly and efficiently shaping methods schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is wheel face finishing lines when being trimmed emery wheel high speed, the cooperation of freeing wheel low speed.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of wheel face finishing lines when being trimmed emery wheel high speed, the cooperation of freeing wheel low speed.
Fig. 4 is wheel face finishing lines when being trimmed emery wheel low speed, the cooperation of freeing wheel high speed.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of wheel face finishing lines when being trimmed emery wheel low speed, the cooperation of freeing wheel high speed.
Wherein, 1 is be trimmed emery wheel; 2 is freeing wheels; 3 is non-contact displacement sensors; 4 is abrasive particles; 5 is circumferential tails of a comet; 6 is axial tails of a comet.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in accompanying drawing 1-5, a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel rapidly and efficiently shaping methods, concrete steps are: on grinding machine, install freeing wheel driver, make grinding machine spindle and drive spindle perpendicular; Grinding machine spindle installs and is trimmed emery wheel 1, driver installs freeing wheel 2, the axis being trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel is that right-angled intersection is arranged, and makes the two linear velocity direction perpendicular; Grinding machine spindle motor is connected with its frequency converter respectively with driver motor, and frequency converter is connected with PLC again; Further, the temporal scalable being trimmed emery wheel and freeing wheel rotating speed has periodically, and the two cycle is identical, phase difference 180 °; When super-abrasive grinding wheel grinding shaping, be trimmed emery wheel 1 at a high speed with freeing wheel 2 low speed, be trimmed emery wheel 1 low speed and match with freeing wheel 2 high speed.
Non-contact displacement sensor 3 is installed being trimmed in wheel face vertical direction, make sensor test light path perpendicular to wheel face, non-contact displacement sensor 3 is connected with PLC, when the emery wheel circularity that non-contact displacement sensor 3 detects is less than or equal to 0.02mm, PLC controls two frequency converters to be stopped exporting, make to be trimmed emery wheel 1 and freeing wheel 2 stops the rotation, finishing terminates.
The control signal of described frequency converter is sine wave, square wave or square-wave cycle signal.
The described rotating speed being trimmed emery wheel 1 and freeing wheel 2 is 10-10000rpm.
When being trimmed emery wheel 1 and matching with freeing wheel 2 low speed at a high speed, be trimmed Zhuan Su≤2 of the rotating speed/freeing wheel of emery wheel; When being trimmed emery wheel 1 low speed and freeing wheel 2 and matching at a high speed, Zhuan Su≤2 of the rotating speed of freeing wheel/be trimmed emery wheel.
Cylindrical Grinder bench installs vertical freeing wheel driver, make grinding machine spindle and drive spindle perpendicular; A non-contact displacement sensor 3 is installed being trimmed on protective hood of grinding wheel, makes sensor test light path perpendicular to wheel face; Cylindrical grinder main shaft installs and is trimmed skive 1, driver installs carborundum freeing wheel 2, make to be trimmed skive 1 and carborundum freeing wheel 2 is perpendicular in linear velocity direction, contact zone; Grinding machine spindle motor is connected with its frequency converter respectively with driver motor, and frequency converter, non-contact displacement sensor 3 are connected with PLC again.
Adjustment frequency converter, makes the temporal scalable being trimmed emery wheel 1 and freeing wheel 2 rotating speed be square-wave signal; And the two cycle is identical, phase difference 180 °; When being trimmed emery wheel 2840rpm high speed, freeing wheel 180rpm low speed; When being trimmed emery wheel low speed 300rpm, freeing wheel 2850rpm at a high speed.
Start cylindrical grinder and driver, make to be trimmed emery wheel 1 and freeing wheel 2 rotates, crushing technique adopts longitudinally reciprocating trim process, and Grinder bench drives finishing driver to make 150mm/min and longitudinally moves back and forth, and is trimmed emery wheel 1 radial feed 0.02mm when workbench commutates at every turn.
When be trimmed emery wheel 1 at a high speed, freeing wheel 2 slowly run time, be trimmed emery wheel 1 outer round surface abrasive particle 4 part bonding agent vertically and be removed, make wheel face lines be tending towards circumference (the circumferential tail of a comet 5), as Fig. 2; When being trimmed emery wheel 1 low speed, freeing wheel 2 high-speed rotation, being removed by grinding wheel cylindrical Abrasive Grain 4 part bonding agent circumferentially, making wheel face lines be tending towards axially (the axial tail of a comet 6), as Fig. 3.Right-angled intersection like this is to mill, and just, low high-speed differentiation coordinates, and continuous circulation continuous method for trimming, around the abrasive particle that super-abrasive grinding wheel cylindrical is protruded, bonding agent is quickly removed, Grain Falling Off.Further, when the emery wheel circularity that non-contact displacement sensor 3 detects reaches 0.01mm, PLC controls dual frequency converter to be stopped exporting, and makes to be trimmed emery wheel 1 and freeing wheel 2 stops the rotation, and finishing terminates.
It is that right-angled intersection is arranged that the present invention proposes being trimmed emery wheel 1 axis and freeing wheel 2 axis, and by the speed difference alienation programme-control of PLC and frequency converter, achieves the rapidly and efficiently filing shaping of super-abrasive grinding wheel periphery.Clear thinking of the present invention, structure is simple, and practicality is good, and for the shaping of super-abrasive grinding wheel periphery, not only efficiency is high, and can save a large amount of freeing wheel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: conceive clear, system is simple, convenient and practical.The invention provides a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel surface cross to mill speed difference alienation rapidly and efficiently shaping methods, the single finishing tail of a comet of wheel face of relatively traditional filing shaping, the present invention can significantly improve super-abrasive grinding wheel shaping efficiency, reduces freeing wheel consumption, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art, and not departing under general idea prerequisite of the present invention, can also make some changes and improvements, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.