CN105081220B - Cavity ceramic shell mould and the ceramic shell mould forming method - Google Patents
Cavity ceramic shell mould and the ceramic shell mould forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081220B CN105081220B CN201510619924.4A CN201510619924A CN105081220B CN 105081220 B CN105081220 B CN 105081220B CN 201510619924 A CN201510619924 A CN 201510619924A CN 105081220 B CN105081220 B CN 105081220B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cavity ceramic shell mould and the ceramic shell mould forming methods.Support column and multiple casting cavities are vertically arranged between the chassis of the ceramic shell mould and cross gate, support column is made of the support column epimere and support column hypomere disconnected.Forming method includes：1）Chassis, multiple casting wax moulds of corresponding casting design shape, cross gate wax-pattern, sprue cup wax-pattern, the support column wax-pattern for corresponding to casting wax mould height are made respectively；The axial direction of support column wax-pattern is equipped with bulge loop that twice are spaced apart, from support column wax-pattern outer wall protrusion；2）Wax tree is assembled；3）Ceramic shell mould is made in a manner of mucilage leaching sand on wax tree, in the process, it is ensured that the periphery difference of two bulge loops of support column wax-pattern is exposed；4）It dewaxed, roasted, be supported cavity ceramic shell mould of the axis of a cylinder to disconnection.The present invention effectively reduces internal stress of the casting in molding, reliably reduces casting risk cracked in forming process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the formwork forming technique of accurate founding, specifically a kind of cavity ceramic shell mould and this is many types of
The forming method of chamber ceramic shell mould.
Background technology
In accurate casting technology, in order to improve production efficiency, it will usually using the formwork of a multi-cavity mold（Also known as more casting
Module）Casting pouring is carried out, i.e., identical or different shape is carried out at the same time using the ceramic shell mould of multiple cavities（Usually phase similar shape
Shape）Casting pouring.
Above-mentioned cavity ceramic shell mould, in order to ensure the structural strength of wax tree, is needed at the bottom of lower part in group mold forming
Be vertically arranged support column wax-pattern between disk wax-pattern and the cross gate wax-pattern on top, i.e., support column wax-pattern with multiple casting wax moulds respectively with phase
Mutually independent mode is vertically arranged between chassis wax-pattern and cross gate wax-pattern, and usual multiple casting wax moulds are centered on support column wax-pattern
And arranged for interval in the circumferential, wax tree is formed with this.The wax tree drenches sand and subsequent dewaxing, after calcination process through mucilage, institute into
The cavity ceramic shell mould of type has complete support column（Chassis is supported i.e. under support column, above supports cross gate）.
The cavity ceramic shell mould of this structure, during the casting solidification of molten metal, especially directional solidification process
In, due to ceramic support column to chassis and cross gate with the support of high intensity, so that support column can be hindered in casting cavity
Contraction of the metal material in process of setting, this will increase internal stress of the casting in process of setting, so make casting into
Cracked risk greatly increases during type.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, casting can be effectively reduced by providing one kind
The cavity ceramic shell mould of internal stress in molding and the ceramic shell mould forming method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of cavity ceramic shell mould, the chassis of the ceramic shell mould and horizontal is poured
Support column and multiple casting cavities it have been vertically arranged between road, the support column is by the support column epimere and support column hypomere group that disconnect
Into.
Break distance between the support column epimere and support column hypomere is at least equal to the metal material in casting cavity
Contraction distortion value in solidification.
The multiple casting cavity is around the periphery for being arranged in support column.
The first forming method of above-mentioned cavity ceramic shell mould, includes the following steps：
1）Chassis, the multiple casting wax moulds, cross gate wax-pattern, the sprue cup wax that correspond to casting design shape are made respectively
The support column wax-pattern of mould, corresponding casting wax mould height；The axial direction of the support column wax-pattern be equipped with twice be spaced apart, from
The bulge loop of support column wax-pattern outer wall protrusion, the height of projection of per pass bulge loop drench the design thickness of sand at least equal to mucilage；
2）, casting wax mould and support column wax-pattern are vertically arranged to combination respectively between chassis and cross gate wax-pattern, by sprue cup
Wax-pattern is combined on cross gate wax-pattern, and wax tree is formed with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on by mucilage leaching sand in a manner of make ceramic shell mould, in the process, it is ensured that support column
The outermost periphery of two bulge loops of wax-pattern is exposed；Alternatively, in the process, at least ensure that two bulge loops of support column wax-pattern
Between wax body part on mucilage leaching sand, it is impossible to on support column wax-pattern other parts mucilage leaching sand formation completely connect
It is continuous；
4）It dewaxed, roasted, be supported cavity ceramic shell mould of the axis of a cylinder to disconnection.
Bulge loop on the support column wax-pattern is an integral molding structure with support column wax-pattern；Alternatively, the support column wax-pattern
On bulge loop be independent wax ring, wax ring is arranged on the corresponding position of support column wax-pattern in a joint manner.
The support column epimere inner cavity of the cavity ceramic shell mould is blocked with filling is blocked, under support column hypomere inner cavity is used
Filling is blocked to block.
Second of forming method of above-mentioned cavity ceramic shell mould, includes the following steps：
1）Chassis, the multiple casting wax moulds, cross gate wax-pattern, the sprue cup wax that correspond to casting design shape are made respectively
The support column wax-pattern of mould, corresponding casting wax mould height；The support column wax-pattern is equipped with one of thickness >=2mm, from support column wax
The separation bulge loop of mould outer wall protrusion, the height of projection for separating bulge loop is at least equal to the design thickness of mucilage leaching sand；
2）, casting wax mould and support column wax-pattern are vertically arranged to combination respectively between chassis and cross gate wax-pattern, by sprue cup
Wax-pattern is combined on cross gate wax-pattern, and wax tree is formed with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on by mucilage leaching sand in a manner of make ceramic shell mould, in the process, it is ensured that support column
The outermost periphery of the separation bulge loop of wax-pattern is exposed；
4）It dewaxed, roasted, be supported cavity ceramic shell mould of the axis of a cylinder to disconnection.
Separation bulge loop on the support column wax-pattern is an integral molding structure with support column wax-pattern；Alternatively, the support column
Separation bulge loop on wax-pattern is independent wax ring, and wax ring is arranged on the corresponding position of support column wax-pattern in a joint manner.
The support column epimere inner cavity of the cavity ceramic shell mould is blocked with filling is blocked, under support column hypomere inner cavity is used
Filling is blocked to block.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the ceramic shell mould of the present invention in a manner of disconnecting support column, eliminates under the premise of structural strength is not influenced
That hinders the metal material solidification shrinkage in formwork cavity supports power, so as to effectively reduce internal stress of the casting in molding,
Casting risk cracked in forming process is greatly reduced, it is reliable and practical；
2. the forming method of the present invention is not premised on destroying the support column wax-pattern of wax tree, ensure wax tree structural strength, shape
The cavity ceramic shell mould disconnected automatically or easily after dewaxing into ceramic support column, effectively prevents in this way to ceramic support column
Cutting operation processing is carried out, forming process is simple and practicable, easy and convenient, reliably stablizes.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of ceramic shell mould of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is wax tree structure diagram of the ceramic shell mould shown in Fig. 1 in molding.
Fig. 3 is another structure diagram of ceramic shell mould of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is wax tree structure diagram of the ceramic shell mould shown in Fig. 3 in molding.
Code name meaning in figure：A1-chassis；A2-casting cavity；A3-cross gate；A4-sprue cup；On A5-support column
Section；A6-support column hypomere；A7-upper blocking；A8-lower blocking；B1-chassis wax-pattern；B2-casting wax mould；B3-cross gate
Wax-pattern；B4-sprue cup wax-pattern；B5-upper bulge loop；B6-bottom bulge loop；B7-support column wax-pattern；B8-separation bulge loop.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shown in Figure 1, the present invention is cavity ceramic shell mould, it has chassis A1, cross gate A3 and is connected to horizontal pour
The bottom of sprue cup A4 on road A3, sprue cup A4 lead to the interior Kongxiang of cross gate A3；It is erected between chassis A1 and cross gate A3
It is equipped with a support column and multiple casting cavity A2.Wherein, support column is in the center of chassis A1 and cross gate A3, the branch
Dagger is made of the support column epimere A5 and support column hypomere A6 disconnected, as long as the space length specifically disconnected is at least equal to casting
Contraction distortion value of the metal material in solidification in cavity A2, based on this, for convenient formation, support column epimere A5 and
The break distance of support column hypomere A6 should be greater than contraction distortion value of the metal material in solidification（Typically no less than 15mm）；Support
The bore seal of column epimere A5 is filled with blocking A7；The inner cavity of support column hypomere A6 is filled with lower blocking A8.Multiple casting types
Chamber A2 is surround and is arranged between the chassis A1 of support column periphery and cross gate A3 centered on support column, adjacent casting cavity A2
Between spacing distance, the total quantity based on casting cavity A2 considers with equal mode for cloth；The interior casement chamber of each casting cavity A2
Lead to the interior Kongxiang of cross gate A3.
Shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned cavity ceramic shell mould forming method includes the following steps：
1）Using wax injector, chassis wax-pattern B1, multiple casting wax mould B2, cross gate wax-pattern B3, sprue cup are made respectively
Wax-pattern B4 and support column wax-pattern B7；Wherein, the contour shape of each casting wax mould B2 should match the design shape of casting；Support column
The height of wax-pattern B7 should correspond to the height of casting wax mould B2, and the axial direction of support column wax-pattern B7 is equipped with what twice were spaced apart
Wax bulge loop, spacing distance are more than contraction distortion value of the metal material in solidification in casting cavity A2（For convenience, it is spaced
Distance is generally preferably not less than the value of 15mm）, upper bulge loop B5 is from the external wall of upper portion protrusion of support column wax-pattern B7, and height of projection is extremely
It is equal to the design thickness of mucilage leaching sand less（Generally 5~10mm）, the lower part outer wall of the next bulge loop B6 from support column wax-pattern B7 is convex
It rises, height of projection is at least equal to the design thickness of mucilage leaching sand（Generally 5~10mm）；
2）Using electric welding knife, multiple casting wax mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7 are vertically arranged to combination respectively in chassis wax-pattern B1
On, it is desirable that support column wax-pattern B7 is in the center of chassis wax-pattern B1, and multiple casting wax mould B2 are using support column wax-pattern B7 in
The heart is surround in a manner of circumferentially uniformly distributed and is arranged on the chassis wax-pattern B1 of support column wax-pattern B7 peripheries；By cross gate wax-pattern B3 groups
It closes at the top of multiple casting wax mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7, be in the top of chassis wax-pattern B1, multiple casting waxes are made with this
Mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7 is vertically arranged respectively between chassis wax-pattern B1 and cross gate wax-pattern B3；Sprue cup wax-pattern B4 combinations are existed
The center of cross gate wax-pattern B3, it is substantially corresponding with the support column wax-pattern B7 being vertically arranged, wax tree is formed with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on make ceramic shell mould in a manner of mucilage leaching sand, in the process, the leaching of each mucilage
Sand should remove slurry, the sand on the outermost periphery of upper bulge loop B5 and the next bulge loop B6 respectively, expose wax face；It is based on
The present embodiment molding cavity ceramic shell mould be used for directional solidification processes hot investment casting, thus, every time be stained with slurry leaching sand
It also needs to, by the surrounding side of chassis wax-pattern B1 and bottom surface slurry, sand removal, expose wax face after process；
4）It dewaxes after the ceramic shell mould curing molding on wax tree, the branch between upper bulge loop B5 and the next bulge loop B6
Dagger ceramic case is broken due to not having the connection at both ends, finally obtains the cavity ceramic die that support column is axially broken into two sections
Shell.The inner cavity of the support column epimere A5 of the cavity ceramic shell mould with A7 fillings are blocked is blocked after roasting, and is perfused a little
Shell processed is sealed with ceramic slurry, to ensure that metallic solution flows out not at the position in casting process, in addition, should avoid
Influences of the A7 to cross gate A3 is blocked, the inner cavity of support column hypomere A6 is blocked with lower blocking A8 fillings, with this finished product.
Above-mentioned steps 1）In upper bulge loop B5 and bottom bulge loop B6 can be an integral molding structure with support column wax-pattern B7.
They can be made to mutually independent separate structure and carry out assembled formation, such as two wax items are wound in a spaced apart manner
Bonding combination is on support column wax-pattern B7.
Above-mentioned steps 3）In, when carrying out mucilage leaching sand processing, minimum limit is, it is ensured that two of support column wax-pattern are convex
Mucilage leaching sand on wax body part between ring, it is impossible to completely connect with the other parts mucilage leaching sand formation on support column wax-pattern
It is continuous so that non-continuous ceramics material part Automatic-falling removal during dewaxing between upper bulge loop and the next bulge loop, support column quilt
It is divided into upper and lower two sections.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Figure 3, the present invention is cavity ceramic shell mould, it has chassis A1, cross gate A3 and is connected to horizontal pour
The bottom of sprue cup A4 on road A3, sprue cup A4 lead to the interior Kongxiang of cross gate A3；It is erected between chassis A1 and cross gate A3
It is equipped with a support column and multiple casting cavity A2.Wherein, support column is in the center of chassis A1 and cross gate A3, the branch
Dagger is made of the support column epimere A5 and support column hypomere A6 disconnected, as long as the space length specifically disconnected is at least equal to casting
Contraction distortion value of the metal material in solidification in cavity A2, based on this, for convenient formation, support column epimere A5 and
The break distance of support column hypomere A6 should be greater than contraction distortion value of the metal material in solidification；The inner cavity of support column epimere A5 is close
Packing is equipped with upper blocking A7；The inner cavity of support column hypomere A6 is filled with lower blocking A8.Multiple casting cavity A2 are using support column in
The heart surround and is arranged between the chassis A1 of support column periphery and cross gate A3, the spacing distance between adjacent casting cavity A2, base
Considered in the total quantity of casting cavity A2 with equal mode for cloth；The interior Kongxiang of the interior casement chamber and cross gate A3 of each casting cavity A2
It is logical.
Shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned cavity ceramic shell mould forming method includes the following steps：
1）Using wax injector, chassis wax-pattern B1, multiple casting wax mould B2, cross gate wax-pattern B3, sprue cup are made respectively
Wax-pattern B4 and support column wax-pattern B7；Wherein, the contour shape of each casting wax mould B2 should match the design shape of casting；Support column
The height of wax-pattern B7 should correspond to the height of casting wax mould B2, and support column wax-pattern B7 is equipped with together, outside support column wax-pattern B7
The separation bulge loop B8 of wall protrusion, the thickness of separation bulge loop B8（Axial dimension）About 10mm（As long as usually >=2mm；It should
Contraction distortion value of the thickness at least equal to the metal material in casting cavity in solidification）, separate bulge loop B8 from support column wax-pattern
Raised height is at least equal to the design thickness of mucilage leaching sand on the outer wall of B7（Generally 5~10mm）；
2）Using electric welding knife, multiple casting wax mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7 are vertically arranged to combination respectively in chassis wax-pattern B1
On, it is desirable that support column wax-pattern B7 is in the center of chassis wax-pattern B1, and multiple casting wax mould B2 are using support column wax-pattern B7 in
The heart is surround in a manner of circumferentially uniformly distributed and is arranged on the chassis wax-pattern B1 of support column wax-pattern B7 peripheries；By cross gate wax-pattern B3 groups
It closes at the top of multiple casting wax mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7, be in the top of chassis wax-pattern B1, multiple casting waxes are made with this
Mould B2 and support column wax-pattern B7 is vertically arranged respectively between chassis wax-pattern B1 and cross gate wax-pattern B3；Sprue cup wax-pattern B4 combinations are existed
The center of cross gate wax-pattern B3, it is substantially corresponding with the support column wax-pattern B7 being vertically arranged, wax tree is formed with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on make ceramic shell mould in a manner of mucilage leaching sand, in the process, the leaching of each mucilage
The slurry separated in bulge loop B8 outermost circumferential walls, sand should be removed during sand, expose wax face；Based on the present embodiment, institute is molding
Cavity ceramic shell mould is used for the hot investment casting of directional solidification processes, thus, it is also needed to after slurry leaching sand process is stained with every time the bottom of by
The surrounding side of disk wax-pattern B1 and bottom surface slurry, sand removal, expose wax face.
4）It after the ceramic shell mould curing molding on wax tree, dewaxes, it is whole that the wax body in ceramic shell mould includes bulge loop
Fusing, finally obtains the cavity ceramic shell mould that support column is axially broken into two sections.By the cavity ceramic shell mould after roasting
The inner cavity of support column epimere A5 is blocked with A7 fillings are blocked, and a little shell processed is perfused and is sealed with ceramic slurry, to ensure
Metallic solution flows out not at the position in casting process, in addition, should avoid blocking influences of the A7 to cross gate A3, support column
The inner cavity of hypomere A6 is blocked with lower blocking A8 fillings.With this finished product.
Above-mentioned steps 1）In separation bulge loop B8 and support column wax-pattern B7 be an integral molding structure, it is also possible to a respective straight
The wax item winding of diameter is bonded on support column wax pattern surface.
Two bulge loops up and down have been used in embodiment 1, have eliminated longer ceramic support column, so as to improve the logical of formwork
Permeability and radiant heat transfer condition.The distance between two bulge loops can be increased as possible for this purpose, by ceramic support column substantially completely
Removal.If not considering this purpose, a bulge loop can have been only used as in Example 2, to simplify process for making shell.
The various embodiments described above are only to illustrate the present invention, rather than its limitations.Although with reference to the various embodiments described above to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still can be in the various embodiments described above
Specific technical solution modifies or carries out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic；And these modifications or replacement, and
The essence of corresponding technical solution is not made to be detached from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cavity ceramic shell mould forming method, be vertically arranged between the chassis of the ceramic shell mould and cross gate support column and
Multiple casting cavities, the support column are made of the support column epimere and support column hypomere disconnected, the support column epimere and branch
Contraction distortion value of the break distance at least equal to the metal material in casting cavity in solidification between dagger hypomere；It is described into
Type method includes the following steps：
1）Chassis, multiple casting wax moulds of corresponding casting design shape, cross gate wax-pattern, sprue cup wax-pattern, right is made respectively
Answer the support column wax-pattern of casting wax mould height；The axial direction of the support column wax-pattern be equipped with it is that twice are spaced apart, from support
The bulge loop of column wax-pattern outer wall protrusion, the height of projection of per pass bulge loop drench the design thickness of sand at least equal to mucilage；
2）, casting wax mould and support column wax-pattern are vertically arranged to combination respectively between chassis and cross gate wax-pattern, by sprue cup wax-pattern
Combination forms wax tree on cross gate wax-pattern with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on by mucilage leaching sand in a manner of make ceramic shell mould, in the process, it is ensured that support column wax-pattern
Two bulge loops outermost periphery it is exposed；Alternatively, in the process, between two bulge loops at least ensuring that support column wax-pattern
Wax body part on mucilage leaching sand, it is impossible to on support column wax-pattern other parts mucilage leaching sand formed it is completely continuous；
4）It dewaxed, roasted, be supported cavity ceramic shell mould of the axis of a cylinder to disconnection.
2. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is convex on the support column wax-pattern
Ring is an integral molding structure with support column wax-pattern；Alternatively, the bulge loop on the support column wax-pattern is independent wax ring, wax ring
It is arranged on the corresponding position of support column wax-pattern in a joint manner.
3. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cavity ceramic shell mould
Support column epimere inner cavity is blocked with filling is blocked, and support column hypomere inner cavity is blocked with lower blocking filling.
4. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The multiple casting cavity is surround
It is arranged in the periphery of support column.
5. a kind of cavity ceramic shell mould forming method, be vertically arranged between the chassis of the ceramic shell mould and cross gate support column and
Multiple casting cavities, the support column are made of the support column epimere and support column hypomere disconnected, the support column epimere and branch
Contraction distortion value of the break distance at least equal to the metal material in casting cavity in solidification between dagger hypomere；It is described into
Type method includes the following steps：
1）Chassis, multiple casting wax moulds of corresponding casting design shape, cross gate wax-pattern, sprue cup wax-pattern, right is made respectively
Answer the support column wax-pattern of casting wax mould height；The support column wax-pattern is equipped with one of thickness >=2mm, from support column wax-pattern outer wall
The separation bulge loop of protrusion, the height of projection for separating bulge loop is at least equal to the design thickness of mucilage leaching sand；
2）, casting wax mould and support column wax-pattern are vertically arranged to combination respectively between chassis and cross gate wax-pattern, by sprue cup wax-pattern
Combination forms wax tree on cross gate wax-pattern with this；
3）In step 2）Wax tree on by mucilage leaching sand in a manner of make ceramic shell mould, in the process, it is ensured that support column wax-pattern
Separation bulge loop outermost periphery it is exposed；
4）It dewaxed, roasted, be supported cavity ceramic shell mould of the axis of a cylinder to disconnection.
6. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Point on the support column wax-pattern
It is an integral molding structure every bulge loop and support column wax-pattern；Alternatively, the separation bulge loop on the support column wax-pattern is independent wax
Ring, wax ring are arranged on the corresponding position of support column wax-pattern in a joint manner.
7. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The cavity ceramic shell mould
Support column epimere inner cavity is blocked with filling is blocked, and support column hypomere inner cavity is blocked with lower blocking filling.
8. cavity ceramic shell mould forming method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The multiple casting cavity is surround
It is arranged in the periphery of support column.
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| CN112157223A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Directional solidification casting method and pouring system |
| CN114210926B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-09-22 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Turbine blade investment casting shell and casting process thereof |
| CN115121768B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-04-05 | 湘潭大学 | Shell structure, preparation method thereof and hot cracking tendency judging method |
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