CN105076359B - A kind of postharvest handling method that control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature - Google Patents
A kind of postharvest handling method that control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN105076359B CN105076359B CN201510521618.7A CN201510521618A CN105076359B CN 105076359 B CN105076359 B CN 105076359B CN 201510521618 A CN201510521618 A CN 201510521618A CN 105076359 B CN105076359 B CN 105076359B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of postharvest handling methods that control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.The present invention carries out Cold exposed 24~72 hours under the conditions of cucumber is placed in 10 DEG C, then cucumber is placed in the freezer that temperature is 5~8 DEG C and is stored.The present invention is using the technological means of specific low temperature pretreatment reasonable time to the accurately Cold exposed of the cucumber science after adopting, overcoming existing storage technique causes cucumber recess spot, waterlogging spot, germ to infect and the symptom that damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature such as rotten occur, and effectively extend cucumber freshness date, 6~9 days storage times are at least extended than existing storage technique, meet the needs of remote sale well, not only it had ensured that cucumber adopted the quality of rear transportational process, but also has reduced the risk and cost of storage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cucumber storage technique field, more particularly, to a kind of control cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature adopt after
Reason method.
Background technique
Cucumber (CucumisSativusL.) be also referred to as cucumber, green cucumber, cucurbitaceous plant, be one kind originate in former India and
The annual herb plant of south east asia is one of big vegetables in the world ten.China is that cucumber production area is maximum, total in the world
Yield is highest national (Wang Zhikun etc., 2010).Since the pericarp of cucumber fruits is very thin, moisture content is high, is typical perishable
Rotten agricultural product easily occur to wilt, become chaff, the flavescence of melon skin chlorisis etc. and reduce commodity value and edible value after adopting in a short time.
Refrigeration is to adopt the main means of hoard of rear cucumber, but cucumber is typical cold quick easy humus (Xie Meng pure etc., 2008), storage temperature
Degree be subject to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature lower than 10 DEG C (equality, 1997；Yoshida, 1999).The symptom that damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature of cucumber is manifested initially by recess
Then there is waterlogging spot in spot, to be easier that germ is caused to infect and rot, finally loses its commodity value (Mao et al., 2007).
Control is had studied both at home and abroad and adopts the method that rear fruits and vegetables damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, including cold haze yellow peach (keep brave etc., 2003),
It is heat-treated cucumber (bandit's dawn rainbow etc., 2006) and pimento (Chen Fahe etc., 2002)；Variable temperature storage peach, avocado etc. (Li Liping etc.,
1995；Han Tao etc., 1995；Week is refined etc., and 2004；Sun Xiulan etc., 2001；Zhang Yinzhi etc., 2003)；Air conditioned storage peach (Zofflli
Deng 1997) and tomato (Lv Tiexin etc., 2008)；Lure process resistant there are also chemistry, such as with salicylic acid processing peach (Chen Shuanjian,
2006), garden beet alkali process cucumber (Li Yunying etc., 2004) etc..These existing processing methods can only subtract to a certain extent
It gently damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, and these methods or effect is unstable or appointed condition is more demanding, is not easy to promote in production.It is prior
Being, since cucumber is cold quick vegetables, lower than 10 DEG C is that can damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in reserve temperature, and under normal circumstances, freezer or refrigeration
Vehicle temperature is unstable, and fluctuating range can reach ± 2~3 DEG C.It means that even if temperature of ice house is adjusted to 10 DEG C, the temperature of freezer
Degree normal fluctuation all may cause cucumber and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.It being damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature to mitigate cucumber, safest method is exactly to improve reserve temperature, than
Cucumber is such as placed on 13 DEG C of storages, but under the conditions of such temperature cucumber shelf-life it is shorter, only 7~9 days, cannot be complete
Meet the needs of cucumber remote sale.It is sold if it is desired that cucumber is realized in the whole nation, it is necessary to can store 10 days or more, at 10 DEG C
Under the conditions of carry out Cold Chain Logistics can realize this target.
Therefore, it inquires into and controls the key technology adopting rear cucumber and damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, sends out cucumber not storing under chilling temperature
Life is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature less, is reduced the technical solution lost after cucumber is adopted and is of great significance, but has not yet to see simple and easy to do
Control adopt rear cucumber and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature method related technology reports.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing deficiencies for adopting rear cucumber storage technique, and it is yellow to provide a kind of control
The postharvest handling method that melon damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature effectively extends cucumber freshness date, and guarantees the storage quality of cucumber.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
Science of the invention uses Cold exposed technological means, closes to Cold pretreatment under the conditions of rear cucumber carries out reasonable temperature is adopted
The time of reason effectively controls cucumber and damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, and loses to reduced after cucumber is adopted to greatest extent.
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of postharvest handling method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature of control cucumber, by cucumber be placed in 10 DEG C of conditions into
Row Cold exposed 24~72 hours, then cucumber is placed in the freezer that temperature is 5~8 DEG C and is stored.
One of preferred scheme, the postharvest handling method that the control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is by the cucumber after adopting in 10 DEG C of conditions
Lower Cold exposed is stored in 5 DEG C of freezers after 24 hours.
The two of preferred scheme, the postharvest handling method that the control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is by the cucumber after adopting in 10 DEG C of conditions
Lower Cold exposed is stored in 8 DEG C of freezers after 48 hours.
The three of preferred scheme, the postharvest handling method that the control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is by the cucumber after adopting in 10 DEG C of conditions
Lower Cold exposed is stored in 6 DEG C of freezers after 72 hours.
The invention has the following advantages:
Cold Chain Logistics are the effective technologies that cucumber realizes south vegetable north transportation and Bei Cainan fortune.Temperature wave during Cold Chain Logistics
It is visibly moved to easily lead to cucumber and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, the prior art solve this problem unique method be exactly improve the temperature of Cold Chain Logistics, but this
Again to shorten the cucumber fresh-keeping service life as cost.As long as this is very moreover, must face temperature fluctuation problem using Cold Chain Logistics
It is difficult to resolve certainly.The present invention overcomes the technology fixed pattern of the prior art, is carried out using the technological means of Cold exposed to the cucumber after adopting cold pre-
Processing accurately summarizes and obtains the temperature of Cold exposed, Cold exposed time, the last binding site between Storage in cold bank temperature, obtains
A kind of postharvest handling technical solution that effective control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature overcomes existing storage technique and cucumber is caused to be recessed spot, water
Stain spot, germ infect and occur rotten etc. damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature symptom.It is handled using the method for the present invention and adopts rear cucumber, even if in chilling temperature (5
~8 DEG C) storing, the disease incidence that cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is almost nil, can store cucumber 15~16 days, at least extends than existing storage technique
6~9 days storage times effectively extend cucumber freshness date, and guarantee preferable cucumber quality, meet remote sale well
Needs, the present invention had not only ensured that cucumber adopted the quality of rear transportational process, but also reduced the risk and cost of storage, effectively mitigate
It is lost after the adopting of remote sale cucumber, there is good Social benefit and economic benefit.
The present invention only need to be by cucumber Cold exposed 24~72 hours under the conditions of 10 DEG C, so that it may which mitigation is store under chilling temperature
Damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature for fortune, does not use chemical reagent, and treatment conditions are mildly easy, easy to implement, easy to operate, easy to spread.Cucumber producing region
Generally there is freezer, does not have to newly-built cold storage establishment, existing utility can be made to generate significant effect.Moreover, after cucumber harvesting originally
Body just needs to be pre-chilled, and the method for the present invention can be combined implementation with pre-cooling, does not increase logistics cost.So the present invention is easy in China
It promotes in north and south cucumber producing region.
The technology of the present invention is expected the core technology as China's cucumber Cold Chain Logistics, is conducive to improve China cucumber at home
The competitiveness in market and international market keeps the competitive advantage of China's marketing fresh cucumber.
Detailed description of the invention
Cucumber damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation after cucumber whole process is placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank 16 days by Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 by cucumber Cold exposed 12 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 15 days half cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation.
Fig. 3 by cucumber Cold exposed 24 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 15 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation.
Fig. 4 by cucumber Cold exposed 48 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 14 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation.
Fig. 5 by cucumber Cold exposed 72 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 13 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses cold
The facilities such as library are facility commonly used in the art.
Embodiment 1
S1. it after cucumber harvesting, is placed it in 10 DEG C of freezers immediately Cold exposed 24 hours.
S2. it will be stored in 8 DEG C of freezers by the cucumber of above-mentioned Cold exposed, store 16 days altogether.
Other are operated according to upper conventional method is produced.
Through detecting, the cucumber appearance handled by Cold exposed is fresh, and secondary disease disease index is only 0.3, and compares and (adopt
5 DEG C of cucumber is directly stored in after receipts) secondary disease disease index 3.5, it is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
S1. it after cucumber harvesting, is placed it in 10 DEG C of freezers immediately Cold exposed 48 hours.
S2. it will be stored in 5 DEG C of freezers by the cucumber of above-mentioned Cold exposed, store 16 days altogether.
Other are operated according to upper conventional method is produced.
Through detecting, the cucumber appearance handled by Cold exposed is fresh, and secondary disease disease index is only 0.10, and is compareed
(harvesting is directly stored in 5 DEG C of 16 days cucumber) secondary disease disease index 3.5, is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
S1. it after cucumber harvesting, is placed it in 10 DEG C of freezers immediately Cold exposed 72 hours.
S2. it will be stored in 6 DEG C of freezers, store 16 days by the cucumber of above-mentioned Cold exposed.
Other are operated according to upper conventional method is produced.
Through detecting, the cucumber appearance handled by Cold exposed is fresh, and secondary disease disease index is only 0.05, and is compareed
(harvesting is directly stored in 5 DEG C of cucumber) secondary disease disease index 3.5, is shown in Table 1.
The effect of 1 Cold exposed of the table mitigation secondary disease of cucumber
| Processing | Secondary disease disease index * |
| It compares (being directly housed in 5 DEG C of storages) | 3.5 A** |
| Cold exposed is stored in 5 DEG C of freezers after 24 hours | 0.30B |
| Cold exposed is stored in 8 DEG C of freezers after 48 hours | 0.10B |
| Cold exposed is stored in 6 DEG C of freezers after 72 hours | 0.05B |
Note: after * cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature during cryopreservation, can occur infectious disease when being transferred to room temperature list marketing,
This disease is called secondary disease.Secondary disease reflects the severity damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.The secondary disease severity of cucumber is according to as follows
Standard is divided into 0~4 grade.0 grade: disease-free；1 grade: onset area is less than the 25% of the cucumber fruit face gross area；2 grades: onset area accounts for
The 25%~50% of the fruit face gross area；3 grades: onset area accounts for the 50% and 75% of the fruit face gross area；4 grades: onset area is greater than fruit
The 75% of the face gross area.Secondary disease disease index=∑ (the hair the number of sick fruits at different levels × morbidity series)/total investigation fruit number
It is stored 16 days after the harvesting of * cucumber.Different letter surface differences are extremely significant (P≤0.01) after number.
With batch cucumber, a situation arises sees attached drawing 1 to attached for Cold exposed or damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature after control treatment 16 days at different conditions
Shown in Fig. 5.Attached drawing 1 is control treatment, and processing method is that cucumber generation is cold after cucumber whole process is placed in 5 DEG C of freezers (storage)
Evil situation, attached drawing 2 be by cucumber Cold exposed 12 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 15 days half cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation,
Attached drawing 3 be by cucumber Cold exposed 24 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 15 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation, attached drawing 4 be by
Cucumber Cold exposed 48 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 14 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation, attached drawing 5 is tamed and dociled cucumber is cold
Change 72 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 13 days cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation.By attached drawing 1 to attached drawing 5 as it can be seen that 1 institute of attached drawing
Show the cucumber of control treatment there is a situation where damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature processing than more serious, onset area is at 3 grades or more or even 4 grades, 2 institute of attached drawing
Show cucumber Cold exposed 12 hours, be subsequently placed in 5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank after 15 days half cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature situation make a farfetched comparison it is shown in FIG. 1
Control treatment is mitigated because the Cold exposed time not enough (Cold exposed 12 hours), although cucumber damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature it is substantially reduced, but still
There are many losses of rotting.The processed cucumber of the method for the present invention is used shown in attached drawing 3 to attached drawing 5, cucumber damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature significant mitigation, few
The cucumber (damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature at 1~2 a little position of cucumber shown in attached drawing 3) damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is seen, alternatively, the cucumber of all processing is basic
It does not damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature (shown in attached drawing 4 and attached drawing 5), has no that cucumber recess spot, waterlogging spot, germ infect and occur rotten etc. damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature disease
Shape.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of postharvest handling method that control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, which is characterized in that the cucumber after adopting is cold tame and docile under the conditions of 10 DEG C
6 DEG C of freezers are stored in after changing 72 hours.
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| CN201510521618.7A CN105076359B (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2015-08-24 | A kind of postharvest handling method that control cucumber is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101427704A (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Honey peach storing method |
| JP2014202394A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Refrigerator |
| CN104222262A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-12-24 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Pre-cooling domestication method for fruits and vegetables and refrigeration equipment |
| CN104472663A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海海洋大学 | Preservation method capable of simulating vital activity rhythm of cold-sensitive fruits and vegetables to reduce cold damage |
-
2015
- 2015-08-24 CN CN201510521618.7A patent/CN105076359B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101427704A (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Honey peach storing method |
| JP2014202394A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Refrigerator |
| CN104222262A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-12-24 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Pre-cooling domestication method for fruits and vegetables and refrigeration equipment |
| CN104472663A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海海洋大学 | Preservation method capable of simulating vital activity rhythm of cold-sensitive fruits and vegetables to reduce cold damage |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| "Water temperature for hydrocooling field cucumbers in relation to chilling injury during storage";J.R.DeEll等;《Postharvest Biology and Technology》;20000131;第18卷(第1期);27-32 |
| "不同温度对采后迷你黄瓜贮藏期间生理特性的影响";史君彦 等;《安徽农业科学》;20141231;第42卷(第30期);10643－10645,10793 |
| "黄瓜果实耐冷性与CsHSFs 基因表达关系的研究";陈珊 等;《华南农业大学学报》;20150727;第36卷(第5期);85-91 |
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