A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery material, be specifically related to a kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material.
Background technology
Lithium-sulfur cell be using element sulphur as positive pole, lithium metal as a kind of lithium battery of negative pole, its specific capacity up to 1675mAh/g, far away higher than the capacity (< 150mAh/g) of the cobalt acid lithium battery of commercial extensive use.In theory, the lithium-sulfur cell of same weight can provide for electric automobile the cruising time being three times in current conventional lithium-ion battery.In addition, sulphur is free of contamination environmental friendliness element, its rich reserves, lightweight and cheap, is a kind of lithium battery material having prospect.
The charge-discharge principle of lithium-sulfur cell is: during electric discharge, negative reaction is that lithium loses electronics and becomes lithium ion, and positive pole reaction generates sulfide for sulphur and lithium ion and electron reaction, and the electrical potential difference of positive pole and negative reaction is the discharge voltage that lithium-sulfur cell provides.Under applied voltage effect, the positive pole of lithium-sulfur cell and negative reaction counter movement, be charging process.Elemental sulfur according to unit mass becomes S completely
2-the electricity that can provide can show that the theoretical discharge specific discharge capacity of sulphur is 1675mAh/g, in like manner can show that the theoretical discharge specific discharge capacity of simple substance lithium is 3860mAh/g.The theoretical discharge voltage of lithium-sulfur cell is 2.287V, when sulphur and lithium complete reaction generate lithium sulfide (Li
2s), time, corresponding theoretical discharge specific energy is 2600Wh/kg.
Mainly there are three problems in the application of lithium-sulfur cell: the product lithium polysulfide of lithium and sulphur is dissolved in electrolyte, is unfavorable for the cycle applications of battery; The non-conductive property of sulphur, is unfavorable for the high rate capability of battery; Sulphur is in charge and discharge process, and the change of volume is very large, likely causes cell damage.How to address these problems is that lithium-sulfur cell is applied to actual key technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material with larger capacity and excellent cycle performance, for the application of lithium-sulfur cell lays the foundation.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
First preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur powder and graphene oxide is 8: 1 ~ 1: 15.
Second preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur powder and graphene oxide is 4: 1.
3rd preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur powder and CNTs is 8: 1 ~ 1: 15.
4th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur powder and CNTs is 4: 1.
5th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, the macromolecular material in described electroconductive polymer layer is at least containing any one the macromolecular material in amino, carboxyl and hydroxyl.
6th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, described macromolecular material is poly-dopamine, polypyrrole, poly-acetic acid, poly-propionic acid or polyvinyl alcohol.
7th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and conducting polymer composite is 5: 1 ~ 1: 10.
8th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, described binding agent is sodium alginate, shitosan, sodium cellulose glycolate or polyacrylic acid.
9th preferred version of described lithium sulfur battery anode material, in described positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 5: 1 ~ 1: 10.
With immediate prior art ratio, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) in the present invention, there are good fixation in a large amount of functional groups of surface of graphene oxide to generated in-situ sulphur simple substance, can significantly improve the cyclical stability of battery;
2) compound of CNTs and graphene oxide in the present invention, can improve the conductivity of positive electrode on the one hand; Well can isolate different stannic oxide/graphene nano sheets on the other hand, reduce the reunion of graphene oxide; Passing through that the CNTs simultaneously forming network configuration is lithium ion provides multichannel, thus the power density of increasing battery, charge/discharge rates, capacitance and stability thereof, specific discharge capacity is up to 1475.2mAhg
-1, after lower 200 circulations of 1000mA/g, specific capacity conservation rate is greater than 75%;
3) in the present invention, electroconductive polymer layer can improve the conductivity of positive electrode, also has protective effect to compound, avoids electrode material to contact with the direct of electrolyte, stops the degraded of electrolyte and the generation of other side reactions.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 4: 1, and the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 4: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 2: 1; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 4: 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 5: 2, and the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 4: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 2: 1; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 4: 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 3: 1, and the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 3: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 2: 1; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 4: 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 2: 1, and the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 2: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 5: 3; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 5: 2.
Embodiment 5
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 5: 4, and the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 2: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 5: 3; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 5: 2.
Comparative example 1
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/graphene oxide compound, described sulphur/graphene oxide compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/graphene oxide compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and graphene oxide is 4: 1, and the conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 2: 1; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 4: 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material, this material comprises sulphur/CNTs compound, described sulphur/CNTs compound is coated with electroconductive polymer layer, described electroconductive polymer layer is coated with adhesive layer.
In described sulphur/CNTs compound, the mass ratio of sulphur and CNTs is 4: 1; The conducting polymer composite of described electroconductive polymer layer is poly-dopamine, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and poly-dopamine is 2: 1; The binding agent of described adhesive layer is polyacrylic acid, and in positive electrode, the mass ratio of sulphur and binding agent is 4: 1.
Gained positive electrode and metal lithium sheet are assembled into battery, and at its discharge capacity of 1.0 ~ 3.0V voltage range build-in test and cycle performance, result is as shown in table 1, and in embodiment, the specific discharge capacity of products obtained therefrom is up to 1475.2mAhg
-1, after lower 200 circulations of 1000mA/g, specific capacity conservation rate is greater than 75%, and the acting in conjunction of carbon nano-tube and graphene oxide is conducive to the raising of positive electrode performance (comparative example 1 and comparative example).
Table 1
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that; can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to above-described embodiment or equivalent to replace, these do not depart from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalently to replace within the claims that all awaits the reply in application.