CN105070285B - A kind of sound that direction is controllable enhancing transmission device - Google Patents
A kind of sound that direction is controllable enhancing transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105070285B CN105070285B CN201510500563.1A CN201510500563A CN105070285B CN 105070285 B CN105070285 B CN 105070285B CN 201510500563 A CN201510500563 A CN 201510500563A CN 105070285 B CN105070285 B CN 105070285B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sound that direction is controllable to enhance transmission device, including sound wave generating device, hollow metal cylinder and water, and cylinder sound source generating means is located in hollow metal cylinder, for sending out cylinder sound wave；The hollow metal cylinder is submerged in water, R=2.0 μm of r=1.5 μm of internal diameter~1.5m, outer diameter~2.0m of the hollow metal cylinder.The sound enhancing transmission device is the sound enhancing reflected effect based on open column shape structure, and the sound pressure amplitude on the outside of hollow metal cylinder increases nearly 20 times, and the direction of propagation of waveform is constant；The frequency range of sound enhancing transmission is very wide, and the frequency range used is 100Hz~1GHz；By adjusting the position of hollow metal cylinder inner cylinder sound source generating means, size, switch and the exit direction of sound transmission energy can be controlled.Simple in structure, moderate dimensions, easy processing is easy of integration, can be used in medical ultrasonic detecting instrument, secrecy acoustic communication transmitter, acoustic detector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acoustic metamaterial field, especially a kind of sound that direction is controllable enhances transmission device.
Background technology
Sound wave is energy carrier common in actual life, and sound wave can encounter various reflection objects in communication process, and
It is affected, if sound wave is by reflection object, sound wave can penetrate reflection object, and sound transmission energy-flux density obtains further
Enhancing, as sound enhance reflected effect.If sound enhancing reflected effect is achieved, various need to acoustic energy can be applied to
Realize the important events of Special controlling, such as：Medical ultrasonic, secure communication, acoustic detection etc..Therefore, sound enhances transmission device
Research have highly important learning value and application prospect.
The structure of realization sound enhancing transmission mainly has following three kinds：
The first is design submergence periodic structure solid harden structure in a fluid, and be arranged in solid panel it is single or
Periodic slit, by the Fabry-Perot resonance effects of single slit, or periodically slit generate diffracting surface
The coupling of wave and narrow slit wave-guide Fabry-Perot resonance modes can obtain sound enhancing reflected effect.
Second is solid platelets structure of the both sides with same period grid of design submergence in a fluid, with first
Kind method is different, which is not present any slit, and under some specific frequencies, sound wave passes through solid platelets structure
It can excite and generate displacement eigen mode, to penetrate solid platelets structure, acquisition sound enhances reflected effect, the mechanism and electromagnetic wave
The phasmon mechanism for enhancing reflected effect is similar.
The third is the novel sound metamaterial structure of design, and such as copper coin with some cycles curls space with air composition
Structure passes through design of Structural Parameters so that it is identical as the acoustic impedance of outside air to curl space structure, so that sound wave is complete
Through space structure is curled, realization sound enhances reflected effect.
The shortcomings that traditional technology is：
(1) in the structure that periodical solid panel designs hole or seam, sound enhances reflected effect derived from diffracting surface wave and narrow
Coupling of the waveguide Fabry-Perot resonance modes in body structure surface is stitched, transmission acoustic energy is concentrated mainly on solid panel body structure surface,
Remotely apart from solid panel, almost without transmission acoustic energy, therefore, transmission acoustic energy can not be propagated, to be used.
(2) above-mentioned three kinds of sound enhancing transmission device is periodic structure, to obtain sound enhancing reflected effect, need certain
Periodicity, to cause device size larger, structure is more complex, is not easy to manufacture.
(3) the sound transmission energy position of traditional sound enhancing transmission device is single, is unable to control the outgoing side that transmission can flow
To there is certain limitation in practical applications.
Invention content
Enhance the sound transmission energy in transmission device for traditional sound and concentrates on body structure surface, it is complicated, size is big, sound
Transmission potential can not direction propagation the defects of, the present invention proposes that a kind of sound enhancing transmission effects are excellent, frequency coverage is wide, knot
The sound that structure is simply easily realized, transmission potential direction is controllable enhances transmission device.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned technical purpose by following technological means.
A kind of sound that direction is controllable enhancing transmission device, including cylinder sound source generating means, hollow metal cylinder and water, institute
It is submerged in water to state hollow metal cylinder, cylinder sound source generating means is located in hollow metal cylinder, for sending out cylinder sound wave；
R=2.0 μm of r=1.5 μm of internal diameter~1.5m, outer diameter~2.0m of the hollow metal cylinder.
Preferably, the position-movable setting of the cylinder sound source generating means is in hollow metal cylinder.
Preferably, the material of the hollow metal cylinder is one or more in copper, iron, steel, aluminium, zinc, gold, silver, nickel
Alloy material.
Preferably, the cross sectional shape of the metal hollow column is round or oval.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) sound enhancing transmission effects are good
Hollow metal cylinder is submerged in water, it is water inside and outside metal cylinder, in some specific frequencies, when
Cylinder sound source, can be in hollow metal cylinder from hollow metal cylinder center or some internal specific positions to when external radiation
Generation sound in outside enhances reflected effect.Transmission performance is enhanced using finite element method numerical simulation sound wave, it was demonstrated that the present invention is carried
The sound enhancing transmission device gone out, compared with free space, the sound pressure amplitude on the outside of hollow metal cylinder increases nearly 20 times, and waveform
The direction of propagation it is constant.
(2) frequency range of sound enhancing transmission is wide
Sound proposed by the invention enhances transmission device, the overall dimensions of the frequency and hollow metal cylinder of sound enhancing transmission
It is inversely proportional, when hollow metal cylinder integrally reduces, sound enhances frequencies of transmission and increases, up to close 1GHz；When metal hollow is justified
When Column scale-up, sound enhances frequencies of transmission and reduces, can be down to 100Hz；The range of frequency is between 100Hz~1GHz, therefore,
The range that sound enhances frequencies of transmission is very wide.
(3) it is applicable to metal hollow column structure of different shapes
Sound proposed by the invention enhances transmission device, and the sound based on column structure enhances reflected effect, and circle can be used
And elliptical cylinder structure, it is applied widely.
(4) sound transmission energy size, switch, exit direction are controllable
Sound proposed by the invention enhances transmission device, can be filled by adjusting hollow metal cylinder inner cylinder sound source
The position set, to control size, switch and the exit direction of sound transmission energy.
(5) device architecture is simple, easy processing
Hollow metal cylinder proposed by the invention is to realize that sound enhances reflected effect based on displacement eigen mode, with
Traditional is compared based on displacement eigen mode sound enhancing transmission device, and prepared by simple in structure, moderate dimensions, easy processing, easy of integration,
Be conducive to promote and apply.
Sound wave of the present invention enhances transmission device, can be used in medical ultrasonic detecting instrument (B ultrasound), secrecy acoustic communication
Transmitter, acoustic detector.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three dimensional structure diagram that sound wave of the present invention enhances transmission device；
Fig. 2 sound waves enhance the two-dimensional section figure of the x-y plane of transmission device；
Fig. 3 frequencies are the acoustic pressure that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite (a) free space and (b) brass hollow cylinder generates
Distribution of amplitudes；
Fig. 4 frequencies are the acoustic pressure that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite (a) free space and (b) brass hollow cylinder generates
Phase distribution；
Fig. 5 frequencies are the displacement deformation figure that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite brass hollow cylinder to generate；
Fig. 6 frequencies are the acoustic pressure that (a) 209.71kHz excites that brass hollow cylinder is generated with (b) 259.02kHz cylinder sound waves
Distribution of amplitudes；
Fig. 7 cylinder sound waves excite the sound pressure amplitudes distribution that brass hollow cylinder generates：(a) R=2.0 μm, r=1.5 μm, frequency
Rate is 1603.9MHz；(b) R=2.0m, r=1.5m, frequency 1604Hz；
Fig. 8 cylinder sound waves excite the sound pressure amplitudes distribution that the hollow cylinder of different materials generates：(a) steel cylinder, frequency are
160.58kHz；(b) aluminium cylinder, frequency 161.53kHz；
Fig. 9 frequencies are the sound that (a) 67.84kHz excites that brass hollow ellipse column is generated with (b) 123.11kHz cylinder sound waves
Press distribution of amplitudes；
Figure 10 frequencies are the sound pressure amplitudes distribution that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite brass hollow cylinder to generate：Cylinder sound
Source position (a) A points (5.70mm, 0) in hollow cylinder, (b) B points (8.17mm, 0) respectively；
Figure 11 frequencies are the sound pressure amplitudes distribution that 134.81kHz cylinder sound waves excite brass hollow cylinder to generate：Cylinder sound
Source position (a) A points (3.10mm, 0) in hollow cylinder respectively, (b) B points (2.19mm, 2.19mm), (c) C points (0,
3.10mm)；
Figure 12 frequencies are the sound pressure amplitudes distribution map that 106.47kHz cylinder sound waves excite the excitation of brass hollow cylinder：Cylinder
Sound source position (a) A points (6.82mm, 0) in hollow cylinder respectively, (b) B points (4.82mm, 4.82mm).
In figure：
1- cylinder sound source generating means, 2- hollow metal cylinders.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
Sound of the present invention enhances transmission device, including cylinder sound source generating means 1, hollow metal cylinder 2 and water, circle
Column sound source generating means 1 is located in hollow metal cylinder 2, and the hollow metal cylinder 2 is submerged in water, the metal hollow circle
R=2.0 μm of r=1.5 μm of internal diameter~1.5m, outer diameter~2.0m of column 2.
The sound enhances transmission device, and the sound based on cyclic structure enhances reflected effect, the material of the hollow metal cylinder 2
Matter can be selected as copper, iron, steel, aluminium, zinc, gold, silver, nickel or its alloy material, and hollow cylinder and hollow ellipse rod structure can be used,
That is, the cross sectional shape of the metal hollow column 2 is round or oval.Sound pressure amplitude on the outside of metal cylinder increases nearly 20 times,
And the direction of propagation of waveform is constant.The frequency range of sound enhancing transmission is very wide, and the frequency range used is 100Hz~1GHz.
By the position-movable setting of the cylinder sound source generating means 1 in hollow metal cylinder 2, by adjusting metal
The position of 2 inner cylinder sound source generating means 1 of hollow cylinder, to control size, switch and the exit direction of sound transmission energy.
Enhancing the sound of transmission device in order to verify sound of the present invention enhances transmission effects, using finite element method Numerical-Mode
Onomatopoeia wave enhances transmission performance, and simulation process and result are specific as follows：
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the three dimensional structure diagram that sound wave of the present invention enhances transmission device, is calculated in order to simplify, root
According to hollow metal cylinder 2 and the cylindrical symmetry of cylinder sound source, it is reduced to the two dimensional model of x-y plane, as shown in Figure 2.It adopts
2 model of hollow metal cylinder submerged in water is established with finite element numerical method, calculating sound wave enhances transmission performance.Wherein institute
State the material selection brass of hollow cylinder；Outer diameter R=20.0mm, internal diameter r=15.0mm；Material parameter is respectively：Brass it is close
Spend 8400kg/m3, velocity of longitudinal wave 4400m/s and shear wave velocity 2200m/s；The density 998kg/m of water3And velocity of sound 1483m/s.Swash
Sound generation source is cylinder sound source, and position is located at hollow cylinder center.
Fig. 3 (a) is that the acoustic pressure that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite free space and brass hollow cylinder to generate is shaken with 3 (b)
Width distribution map, cylinder sound source are located at center (0,0) position of hollow cylinder, initial magnitude (| p0|) it is 1Pa, solid white line in figure
Indicate the relative magnitude of acoustic pressure | p/p0| isopleth.As can be seen that in free space, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), the sound of central point
It is 1 to press relative magnitude, and as propagation distance increases, the acoustic pressure relative magnitude of sound wave strongly reduces, in x=25.0mm, acoustic pressure
Relative magnitude only surplus 0.075.In brass hollow cylinder, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), sound wave interacts with brass hollow cylinder,
Brass hollow cylinder center generates a circular focus, and the acoustic pressure relative magnitude of focus center is up to 160, i.e.,：Hollow
The relative magnitude of cylindrical outer side, transmitted acoustic pulse significantly increases, and works as x=25.0mm, and acoustic pressure relative magnitude reaches 1.5, is freely empty
Between 25 times of middle acoustic pressure relative magnitude.
Fig. 4 (a) and the sound pressure phase distribution map that 4 (b) is in free space and brass hollow cylinder.It can be seen that Fig. 4
(b) incident cylinder sound wave shown in is by the phase distribution of brass hollow cylinder, with the phase in free space shown in Fig. 4 (a)
Bit distribution is identical, and phase isopleth is donut, illustrates that incident cylinder sound wave through after brass hollow cylinder, is propagated
Direction is constant.
Fig. 5 is the displacement deformation figure that 160.39kHz cylinder sound waves excite brass hollow cylinder to generate, and black arrow indicates empty
The direction of vibration of displacement eigen mode in heart cylinder.As can be seen that the direction of vibration of displacement eigen mode is hollow each along brass
Radially outward, under the displacement eigen mode effect in brass hollow cylinder, incident cylinder sound wave can penetrate brass to cylinder
Hollow cylinder travels to cylindrical outer side, and the direction of propagation is constant, radially outward along brass hollow cylinder.Therefore, cylinder knot
Sound wave enhancing reflected effect in structure is caused by displacement eigen mode in brass hollow cylinder.
Other than frequency 160.39kHz, brass hollow cylinder can also be in other multiple frequency realization sound enhancing transmission effects
It answers.Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) indicate that the cylinder sound wave that frequency is 209.71kHz and 259.02kHz excites the production of brass hollow cylinder respectively
Raw sound pressure amplitudes distribution map, it can be seen that compared with Fig. 3 (a) free spaces, the acoustic pressure relative magnitude of cylindrical outer side is equally bright
Aobvious enhancing.
It can be obtained from the result of Fig. 3 and Fig. 6：When the structural parameters of brass hollow cylinder are R=20.0mm and r=
When 15.0mm, sound enhancing reflected effect respectively appears in 160.39kHz, 209.71kHz and 259.02kHz.
Embodiment 2
It now keeps the material parameter of brass and water constant, changes the interior outer radius of brass hollow cylinder, sound enhancing transmission
Frequency can change.As shown in Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the geometric parameter of brass hollow cylinder is R=2.0 μm and r=1.5 μm
When, the frequency of sound enhancing transmission may be up to 1603.9MHz, and when the geometric parameter of brass hollow cylinder is R=2.0m and r=
When 1.5m, the frequency of sound enhancing transmission can be down to 1604Hz.With the geometric parameter of brass hollow cylinder in Fig. 3 (b) and frequency phase
Than, the frequency of sound enhancing transmission and the overall dimensions of cylindrical structure are inversely proportional, when brass hollow cylinder integrally reduces, sound enhancing
The frequency of transmission increases；When brass open circles Column scale-up, the frequency of sound enhancing transmission reduces.Illustrate proposed by the invention
Open column shape structure enhancing frequencies of transmission range it is very wide, as long as adjustment open column shape structure overall dimensions, you can obtain not
The sound of same frequency enhances reflected effect.
Embodiment 3
Other than brass, the sound enhancing reflected effect proposed by the invention based on open column shape structure is also applicable to it
His metal material.Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b) indicate that frequency is that the cylinder sound wave of 160.58kHz and 161.53kHz excites steel respectively respectively
The sound pressure amplitudes distribution map that cylinder is generated with aluminium cylinder.The geometric parameter of hollow metal cylinder 2 is identical as Fig. 3, material parameter point
It is not：The density 7800kg/m of steel3, velocity of longitudinal wave 6100m/s and shear wave velocity 3300m/s；The density 2700kg/m of aluminium3, longitudinal wave
Speed 6260m/s and shear wave velocity 3080m/s.As can be seen that incident cylinder sound wave is excited from hollow cylinder, equally outside cylinder
Generation sound in side enhances reflected effect.Illustrate the applicable a variety of different metal materials of column structure proposed by the invention.
Embodiment 4
In addition, in addition to circular metal hollow cylinder 2, sound proposed by the invention enhancing reflected effect is also applicable to hollow ellipse
Cylindrical structure.Fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b) indicate 67.84kHz and the excitation brass hollow ellipse column production of 123.11kHz column sound waves respectively
Raw sound pressure amplitudes distribution map.Cylindroid geometric parameter is respectively：b1=12.0mm, b2=15.0mm, b3=18.0mm and b4
=20.0mm.As can be seen that incident cylinder sound wave excites at cylindroid center, the enhancing of generation sound is saturating equally on the outside of cylindroid
Penetrate effect.Illustrate that sound enhancing reflected effect proposed by the invention is applicable to hollow ellipse rod structure.
Embodiment 5
Excite the position of cylinder sound source to be arranged at the center of column structure in Fig. 3-Fig. 9, below we by cylinder sound
The other positions inside column structure are arranged in source.
Figure 10 indicates the sound pressure amplitudes distribution map that 160.39kHz column sound waves excitation brass hollow cylinder generates, incidence circle
Column sound wave is located at the A points and B points of brass hollow cylinder internal deviation circle ring center position, the geometric parameters of brass hollow cylinder
Number is same as Example 1.If the coordinate of Figure 10 (a), A points are (5.70mm, 0), it is located at the maximum striped of sound pressure amplitudes distribution
On, it can be seen that a focus is equally generated in cylindrical center, the acoustic pressure relative magnitude of focus center reaches 60, cylindrical outer side
Acoustic pressure relative magnitude be remarkably reinforced, reach 0.55 in x=25.0mm, but excite sound source in cylindrical center with shown in Fig. 3 (b)
It compares, the acoustic pressure relative magnitude of cylindrical outer side is obviously reduced.And in Figure 10 (b), the coordinate of B points is (8.17mm, 0), is located at
On the minimum striped of sound pressure amplitudes distribution, at this point, the relative magnitude of cylindrical center's focus is 0.4, the acoustic pressure phase of cylindrical outer side
It is 0.02 to amplitude, sound enhancing reflected effect does not occur.Illustrate can by adjust hollow cylinder inside excitation sound source position,
Control sound enhances the power and switch of reflected effect.
Figure 11 indicates the sound pressure amplitudes distribution map that 134.81kHz column sound waves excitation brass hollow cylinder generates, incident column
Shape sound wave is located at A points, B points and C points inside brass hollow cylinder, geometric parameter and the embodiment 1 of brass hollow cylinder
It is identical.Such as Figure 11 (a), under the frequency, excitation sound source generates two focuses in brass cylindrical inside, and excites sound source position A
Point (3.10mm, 0) is overlapped with right side focus center, and sound transmission energy exit direction is 0 degree of cylindrical exterior and 180 degree side at this time
To.Now with the center of hollow cylinder (0,0) point for reference point, excitation sound source position A points are rotated 45 degree and 90 degree counterclockwise, point
It is clipped to and reaches B points and C points, such as Figure 11 (b) and 11 (c), it can be seen that as excitation sound source position rotates, in brass hollow cylinder
Two, portion focal position and sound transmission energy exit direction equally rotate, and rotation angle is identical.
Figure 12 indicates the sound pressure amplitudes distribution map that 106.47kHz column sound waves excitation brass hollow cylinder generates, incident column
Shape sound wave is located at A points inside brass hollow cylinder and B points, the geometric parameter of brass hollow cylinder are same as Example 1.
Such as Figure 12 (a), under the frequency, excitation sound source generates 4 focuses inside brass hollow cylinder, and excites sound source position A points
(6.82mm, 0) is overlapped with right side focus center, at this time sound transmission energy exit direction be annulus outside 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and
270 degree of directions, by 45 degree of the rotation counterclockwise of excitation sound source position A points, reach B now with the center of cylinder (0,0) point for reference point
Point, such as Figure 12 (b), it can be seen that with excitation sound source position rotation, 4 focal positions of brass cylindrical inside and sound transmission
Energy exit direction equally rotates, and rotation angle is identical.Illustrating can be by the excitaton source rotation angle of adjusting cylindrical inside
It spends to control sound transmission energy exit direction.
The embodiment is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, is not carrying on the back
From the present invention substantive content in the case of, those skilled in the art can make it is any it is conspicuously improved, replace or
Modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sound that direction is controllable enhances transmission device, which is characterized in that empty including cylinder sound source generating means (1), metal
Heart cylinder (2) and water, the hollow metal cylinder (2) is submerged in water, and cylinder sound source generating means (1) is located at metal hollow circle
In column (2), for sending out cylinder sound wave；R=2.0 μm of r=1.5 μm of internal diameter~1.5m, the outer diameter of the hollow metal cylinder (2)
~2.0m.
2. sound according to claim 1 enhances transmission device, which is characterized in that the cylinder sound source generating means (1)
Position-movable setting is in hollow metal cylinder (2).
3. sound according to claim 1 enhances transmission device, which is characterized in that the material of the hollow metal cylinder (2)
For one or more alloy materials in copper, iron, steel, aluminium, zinc, gold, silver, nickel.
4. sound according to claim 1 enhances transmission device, which is characterized in that the section of the hollow metal cylinder (2)
Shape is round or oval.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101103392A (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2008-01-09 | 英国国防部 | An acoustic reflector |
| CN102016979A (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2011-04-13 | 英国国防部 | Tunable acoustic reflector |
| CN102625945A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-08-01 | 海底资产定位科技有限公司 | Acoustic reflectors |
| CN104505088A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏大学 | Acoustic wave focusing device based on intrinsic displacement mode |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7483339B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2009-01-27 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Acoustic projector and method of manufacture |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101103392A (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2008-01-09 | 英国国防部 | An acoustic reflector |
| CN102016979A (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2011-04-13 | 英国国防部 | Tunable acoustic reflector |
| CN102625945A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-08-01 | 海底资产定位科技有限公司 | Acoustic reflectors |
| CN104505088A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏大学 | Acoustic wave focusing device based on intrinsic displacement mode |
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