CN105069984A - Debris flow early warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring and early warning method thereof - Google Patents
Debris flow early warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring and early warning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105069984A CN105069984A CN201510490832.0A CN201510490832A CN105069984A CN 105069984 A CN105069984 A CN 105069984A CN 201510490832 A CN201510490832 A CN 201510490832A CN 105069984 A CN105069984 A CN 105069984A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
Abstract
The invention discloses a debris flow early warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring and an early warning method thereof. The system mainly comprises a power supply formed by a solar cell board, a main storage battery and an auxiliary emergency battery; a rainfall recorder used for monitoring rainfall capacity of the area where the device is arranged; a mudflow flow rate meter, a mudflow flowmeter and a mudflow densimeter, which are used for monitoring flow rate of the loess mud flows and proportion of mud carried by the loess mud flows; a CPU which is used for receiving data detected by the rainfall recorder, the mudflow flow rate meter, the mudflow flowmeter and the mudflow densimeter, processing the data via a transportation processor, comparing the processed data with the pre-determined critical threshold value and then making judgment; and an alarm formed by an indicator lamp and a sound alarm. In this way, according to history mudflow data, combining characteristics of the loess mud flows and the starting conditions, the corresponding model is established, the corresponding clinic threshold value is calculated and all data are obtained via calculation rather than experimental parameters, so the system and the method are scientific and precision for early warning of debris flows can be effectively increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is directed to the monitoring and pre-alarming method of Canal in Loess Area mudflow, be specifically related to a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring and method for early warning thereof.
Background technology
Yan'an area loess thickness and short texture, factor of porosity is large, and prismatic jointing is grown, and is easily etched stripping, and in district, heavy rain is concentrated and intensity is large in addition, and ravines and guillies criss-cross, ditch slope is steep, vegetation sparse, for the formation of mudflow provides advantage.
Continue, in rainfall or short time, heavy showers occurs, loose loess will be formed loess mud flow by rain drop erosion.Loess mud flow, as a kind of specific type of rubble flow, is the common a kind of geologic hazard in Canal in Loess Area.It accounts for more than 98% with the fine grained of < 2mm in solid matter in fluid, and the following grade of silty sand accounts for more than 80%, and gravel only occupies 10%-20%, a kind of viscous fluid between flood and general rubble flow (water-rock debris flow).
Loess mud flow is a kind of special shape of the soil erosion, is the mark that soil erosion develops into very severe stage.Mudflow outburst suddenly, to break with tremendous force and rapidly, destructive power is strong, and mudflow is movable frequently, not only becomes silted up and buries destroy by rush of water reservoir dyke, farmland, feed ditch, serious Sediment Siltation is caused to lower course area of Yellow River, also endanger cities and towns, industrial and mineral, traffic etc., cause personal injury and property loss, havoc is brought to Canal in Loess Area ecologic environment, have influence on recovery and the sustainable development of region degeneration ecologic environment, certain threat is caused to the security of the lives and property of local people.So, make early warning for loess mud flow starting particularly important.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring and method for early warning thereof, for the foundation of Canal in Loess Area mudflow early warning system provides foundation, provide grace time for local resident keeps away calamity, casualty loss is dropped to minimum.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Based on a debris flow early-warning system for mudflow parameter monitoring, comprise
Power supply, comprises solar panel, main accumulator jar, secondary emergency cell, provides the energy for giving whole device;
Detection data for the rainfall amount in basin, monitoring device place, and are sent to CPU by rain gage;
Mudflow velocimeter, mudflow flowmeter, detection data for monitoring the earth ratio entrained by the flow velocity of ground loess mud flow, loess mud flow flow, and are sent to CPU by mudflow picnometer;
CPU, for receiving rain gage, mudflow velocimeter, mudflow flowmeter, the data detected by mudflow picnometer, and carries out data processing by transport processing device, and the data after process and predetermined threshold limit value is made comparisons, and judges.
Alarm, comprises pilot lamp and audible alarm two parts, and described pilot lamp is amber light respectively, blue lamp and red light, indicate the increasing of the easy occurrence degree of mudflow successively, audible alarm part is three grades of warnings, and one-level is reported to the police as electric bell, secondary alarm is buzzing, report to the police as siren for three grades, increase successively from one-level to the easy-suffering level that three grades is mudflow, when amber light is bright, electric bell sounds, when blue lamp is bright, buzzing is sounded, and during when red, siren sounds.
Wherein, described rain gage is made up of raingauge receiver (funnel), water storage cylinder (urceolus), water-storing bottle, and is furnished with the special measuring cup proportional with its bore.
Wherein, described mudflow flowmeter adopts flange form electromagnetic flowmeter, in the process of flow measurement, when fluid flows through probe, the layout district of a pressure eddy body is produced in the front portion of flow measurement device, refluxing dorsad of flow sensor convection cell direction and pipe, makes the pressure of fluid each point on average guide to sensor respectively in pipe; Namely the difference of positive back pressure forms mean difference Δ p.
Wherein, described mudflow velocimeter adopts current velocity calculating device HY.CSY-1 type, is connected, directly shows some flow velocitys by wired mode with rotating element current meter.
Wherein, described mudflow picnometer comprises an airtight glass tube; one end even thickness; inwall posts scale paper, and scale is uneven, upper thin lower close; other end is slightly expanded in blister; little lead button or mercury are housed in bubble, make glass tube vertically in detected liquid can be immersed in enough degree of depth, and can stably float in a liquid.Namely when it is subject to any shake, can automatically revert to vertical rest position.When picnometer floating in a liquid time, the gravity of the liquid that itself gravity arranges with it is equal.
For solving the problem, present invention also offers a kind of debris flow early-warning method based on mudflow parameter monitoring, comprising the steps:
S1, to be arranged on by data signal acquisition equipment and to specify in basin, data-signal than re-detection, and is transferred to data signal reception equipment by the monitoring of real-time monitored daily rainfall, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow;
S2, described data signal reception equipment receive the monitoring of real-time rainfall amount, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, and mudflow is than re-detection data and be transferred to data-signal arithmetic processor;
S3, data-signal arithmetical unit is first with the relevant daily rainfall in the appointment basin pre-entered, mudflow flow, mudflow flow velocity, basin mudflow warning rainfall amount desired value is calculated based on mudflow proportion long-term observation data, warning mudflow flow indicator value, warning mudflow velocity parameters value, warning mudflow proportion desired value, again the real time data received and described Warning Index value are compared judgement, if the real-time mudflow parameter value in basin is less than Warning Index value, just real time data is sent into data-signal memory device, warning rainfall desired value is equal to or greater than if real-valued, just source of early warning is started.
Wherein, the computing method of described Warning Index value are: based on the relevant day long-term observation data in the appointment basin pre-entered, calculate eigenwert, using described eigenwert as the rubble flow Warning Index value of specifying basin.
Wherein, the computing method of described Warning Index value are: described relevant day or observational day observation data be long-term or year the numerical value that obtains in conjunction with loess mud flow starting characteristics test of empirical value.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Set up corresponding model according to history mudflow data in conjunction with loess mud flow starting characteristics test, calculate corresponding threshold limit value, each data are all by calculating, and not empirical parameter, has certain science; Effectively can improve the accuracy of debris flow early-warning, principle is reliable, be easy to operation, measurement result accuracy is high, can reuse, by the development to corresponding alarm method, realize the Realtime Alerts to being about to occur Disasters of Mud Flow, for in district, the people provide powerful guarantee safely, for the research and development of regional mudflow early warning system provide foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure configuration map of a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the monitoring and warning schematic flow sheet of a kind of debris flow early-warning method based on mudflow parameter monitoring of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring, comprise
Power supply 1, comprises solar panel, main accumulator jar, secondary emergency cell, provides the energy for giving whole device;
Detection data for the rainfall amount in basin, monitoring device place, and are sent to CPU by rain gage 3;
Mudflow velocimeter 2, mudflow flowmeter 4, detection data for monitoring the earth ratio entrained by the flow velocity of ground loess mud flow, loess mud flow flow, and are sent to CPU by mudflow picnometer 5;
CPU, for receiving rain gage 3, mudflow velocimeter 2, mudflow flowmeter 4, the data detected by mudflow picnometer 5, and carries out data processing by transport processing device, and the data after process and predetermined threshold limit value is made comparisons, and judges.
Alarm 6, comprises pilot lamp and audible alarm two parts, and described pilot lamp is amber light respectively, blue lamp and red light, indicate the increasing of the easy occurrence degree of mudflow successively, audible alarm part is three grades of warnings, and one-level is reported to the police as electric bell, secondary alarm is buzzing, report to the police as siren for three grades, increase successively from one-level to the easy-suffering level that three grades is mudflow, when amber light is bright, electric bell sounds, when blue lamp is bright, buzzing is sounded, and during when red, siren sounds.
Described rain gage is made up of raingauge receiver (funnel), water storage cylinder (urceolus), water-storing bottle, and is furnished with the special measuring cup proportional with its bore.Described mudflow flowmeter adopts flange form electromagnetic flowmeter, in the process of flow measurement, when fluid flows through probe, the layout district of a pressure eddy body is produced in the front portion of flow measurement device, refluxing dorsad of flow sensor convection cell direction and pipe, makes the pressure of fluid each point on average guide to sensor respectively in pipe; Namely the difference of positive back pressure forms mean difference Δ p.Described mudflow velocimeter adopts current velocity calculating device HY.CSY-1 type, is connected, directly shows some flow velocitys by wired mode with rotating element current meter.Described mudflow picnometer comprises an airtight glass tube; one end even thickness; inwall posts scale paper; scale is uneven; upper thin lower close, other end is slightly expanded in blister, and little lead button or mercury are housed in bubble; make glass tube vertically in detected liquid can be immersed in enough degree of depth, and can stably float in a liquid.Namely when it is subject to any shake, can automatically revert to vertical rest position.When picnometer floating in a liquid time, the gravity of the liquid that itself gravity arranges with it is equal.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of debris flow early-warning method based on mudflow parameter monitoring, comprises the steps:
S1, to be arranged on by data signal acquisition equipment and to specify in basin, data-signal than re-detection, and is transferred to data signal reception equipment by the monitoring of real-time monitored daily rainfall, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow;
S2, described data signal reception equipment receive the monitoring of real-time rainfall amount, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, and mudflow is than re-detection data and be transferred to data-signal arithmetic processor;
S3, data-signal arithmetical unit is first with the relevant daily rainfall in the appointment basin pre-entered, mudflow flow, mudflow flow velocity, basin mudflow warning rainfall amount desired value is calculated based on mudflow proportion long-term observation data, warning mudflow flow indicator value, warning mudflow velocity parameters value, warning mudflow proportion desired value, again the real time data received and described Warning Index value are compared judgement, if the real-time mudflow parameter value in basin is less than Warning Index value, just real time data is sent into data-signal memory device, warning rainfall desired value is equal to or greater than if real-valued, just source of early warning is started.
The computing method of described Warning Index value are: based on the relevant day long-term observation data in the appointment basin pre-entered, in conjunction with loess mud flow starting characteristics test, calculate eigenwert, using described eigenwert as the rubble flow Warning Index value of specifying basin.The computing method of described Warning Index value are: described relevant day or observational day observation data obtain related data in conjunction with the comparative analysis of loess mud flow starting characteristics test for long-term or year empirical value.
As shown in Figure 2, x is that distinct program carries out processing the unified threshold value of rear four kinds of data, y in this concrete enforcement
1for distinct program carries out processing the unified one-level warning threshold limit value of rear four kinds of data, y
2for distinct program carries out processing the unified secondary alarm threshold limit value of rear four kinds of data, y
3for distinct program carries out processing three grades of unified warning threshold limit values of rear four kinds of data.
Concrete, to a specific threshold value x, system can with critical threshold values y
1make comparisons, as x < y
1
Data will be returned and again be monitored process into CPU; As y
1≤ x < y
2, yellow pilot lamp will light, and one-level reports to the police (electric bell sounds); As y
2≤ x < y
3, blue pilot lamp will light, secondary alarm (buzzing is sounded); As y
3≤ x, blue pilot lamp will light, three grades of warnings (siren sounds).
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1., based on a debris flow early-warning system for mudflow parameter monitoring, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Power supply, comprises solar panel, main accumulator jar, secondary emergency cell, provides the energy for giving whole device;
Detection data for the rainfall amount in basin, monitoring device place, and are sent to CPU by rain gage;
Mudflow velocimeter, mudflow flowmeter, detection data for monitoring the earth ratio entrained by the flow velocity of ground loess mud flow, loess mud flow flow, and are sent to CPU by mudflow picnometer;
CPU, for receiving rain gage, mudflow velocimeter, mudflow flowmeter, the data detected by mudflow picnometer, and carries out data processing by transport processing device, and the data after process and predetermined threshold limit value is made comparisons, and judges.
Alarm, comprises pilot lamp and audible alarm two parts, and described pilot lamp is amber light respectively, blue lamp and red light, indicate the increasing of the easy occurrence degree of mudflow successively, audible alarm part is three grades of warnings, and one-level is reported to the police as electric bell, secondary alarm is buzzing, report to the police as siren for three grades, increase successively from one-level to the easy-suffering level that three grades is mudflow, when amber light is bright, electric bell sounds, when blue lamp is bright, buzzing is sounded, and during when red, siren sounds.
2. a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rain gage is made up of raingauge receiver (funnel), water storage cylinder (urceolus), water-storing bottle, and is furnished with the special measuring cup proportional with its bore.
3. a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mudflow flowmeter adopts flange form electromagnetic flowmeter.
4. a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mudflow velocimeter adopts current velocity calculating device HY.CSY-1 type, is connected, directly shows some flow velocitys by wired mode with rotating element current meter.
5. a kind of debris flow early-warning system based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described mudflow picnometer comprises an airtight glass tube, one end even thickness, and inwall posts scale paper; scale is uneven; upper thin lower close, other end is slightly expanded in blister, and little lead button or mercury are housed in bubble; make glass tube vertically in detected liquid can be immersed in enough degree of depth, and can stably float in a liquid.
6., based on a debris flow early-warning method for mudflow parameter monitoring, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1, to be arranged on by data signal acquisition equipment and to specify in basin, data-signal than re-detection, and is transferred to data signal reception equipment by the monitoring of real-time monitored daily rainfall, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow;
S2, described data signal reception equipment receive the monitoring of real-time rainfall amount, mudflow flow monitoring, mudflow flow monitoring, and mudflow is than re-detection data and be transferred to data-signal arithmetic processor;
S3, data-signal arithmetical unit is first with the relevant daily rainfall in the appointment basin pre-entered, mudflow flow, mudflow flow velocity, basin mudflow warning rainfall amount desired value is calculated based on mudflow proportion long-term observation data, warning mudflow flow indicator value, warning mudflow velocity parameters value, warning mudflow proportion desired value, again the real time data received and described Warning Index value are compared judgement, if the real-time mudflow parameter value in basin is less than Warning Index value, just real time data is sent into data-signal memory device, warning rainfall desired value is equal to or greater than if real-valued, just source of early warning is started.
7. a kind of debris flow early-warning method based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the computing method of described Warning Index value are: based on the relevant day long-term observation data in the appointment basin pre-entered, eigenwert is calculated, using described eigenwert as the rubble flow Warning Index value of specifying basin in conjunction with the character of loess mud flow and entry condition thereof.
8. a kind of debris flow early-warning method based on mudflow parameter monitoring according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the computing method of described Warning Index value are: described relevant day or observational day observation data are long-term or year empirical value, obtain correlation in conjunction with loess mud flow starting characteristics test.
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