CN105068027A - Intelligent magnetic sensor and vehicle detection method based on same - Google Patents
Intelligent magnetic sensor and vehicle detection method based on same Download PDFInfo
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- CN105068027A CN105068027A CN201510424827.XA CN201510424827A CN105068027A CN 105068027 A CN105068027 A CN 105068027A CN 201510424827 A CN201510424827 A CN 201510424827A CN 105068027 A CN105068027 A CN 105068027A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent magnetic sensor comprises a housing, a power supply module, a communication module, a magnetic circuit module, and a circuit module. The magnetic circuit module comprises a signal induction unit. The circuit module comprises a signal acquisition unit and a signal processing unit which are formed by GMI chip matching processing units. The housing is in a box shape. The power supply module, the signal induction unit, and the signal acquisition unit are located in the housing. The signal induction unit generates an analog signal by sensing a geomagnetic field. The signal acquisition unit receives the analog signal and transmits the analog signal to the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit processes and computes the received analog signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the communication module. The intelligent magnetic sensor is simple in structure, accurate in detection, low in power consumption, low in cost, intelligent and miniaturized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to weak magnetic measurement technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Intelligent magnetic sensor, for the probe of this Intelligent magnetic sensor and the vehicle checking method based on this Intelligent magnetic sensor.
Background technology
The invention belongs to weak magnetic measurement technical field, the present invention relates to a kind of intelligent weak magnetic detection of magnetic field sensor and one is gradual and transient magnetic field detection method, be specifically related to a kind of giant magnetic impedance amorphous wire sensor and a kind ofly can be used for vehicle detection, ferromagnetism engineering structure stress mornitoring, the Magnetic Sensor in the fields such as Steel strand broken wire detection based on the huge magnetic magneto-impedance effect of amorphous wire.
Present stage, novel sensor is gradually towards microminiaturization, digitizing, intellectuality, multifunction, systematization, networking future development, and it not only facilitates the transformation of conventional industries, and may cause setting up infant industry, is 21 century new growth engines.
But the existing magneto-impedance sensors of amorphous wire magnetoimpedance technology that utilizes exists many problems at present, such as, using pulse signal as pumping signal, there is impact to circuit in this signal, and noise is large, optional excitation signal waveforms limitednumber.And, the amorphous wire magneto-impedance sensor of prior art is by applying bias magnetic field to the coil electricity be wrapped on amorphous wire to amorphous wire, this bias magnetic field can to measurement magnetic fields, because this bias magnetic field puts on the axis of amorphous wire, the circumferencial direction of annular magnetic domain can be stoped to magnetize, hinder the raising of magnetic-field measurement sensitivity to a certain extent, weaken the magneto-impedance effect of amorphous wire.In addition, in order to amplify sampled signal, usually amplifying circuit can be set in signal processing circuit, this not only adds the complicacy of circuit and the cost of sensor, and amplification effect be also undesirable.
Existing in intelligent transportation, the magnetic induction technology within the scope of magnetic field of the earth is also applied fully, these all application side overweight the vehicle detection under the environment of terrestrial magnetic field.When vehicle is close to magnetic sensing vehicle detecting device surveyed area, the magnetic line of force of surveyed area is squeezed and gathers, and when vehicle will pass through surveyed area, the magnetic line of force of surveyed area will shrink further, when vehicle passing detection region, the magnetic line of force is centrally dispersed by tractive.Utilize these feature sensors can catch vehicle close, by or away from, thus realize real-time detection to vehicle.
A kind of micro-magnetic sensor is disclosed in CN200810181901X, utilize magnetoresistance and the electromagnetic relationship principle of amorphous wire, Magnetic Field is transformed into electric signal measure, but sensor is concured by the bias current of time Sensitive Apparatus and exciting current, and bias current can produce higher temperature and wafts thus affect testing result.
CN201110055819 discloses a kind of transport information detection system, wherein drawing pin structure sensor be utilize the impedance variation accordingly of magnetic susceptible material-amorphous wire to detect vehicle by time its disturbance terrestrial magnetic field change, dynamic parameter adopts pulse power supply form, consequent problem is that power consumption is larger, power is less, and carry out parameter acquisition by pulse power supply form and be inaccurate in implementation process, because duration of peak value is little, and device start needs the mistiming, therefore cannot precise acquisition to peak value, and detecting distance is shorter, need by the quantity of sensor more thus, at substantial cost.
Therefore, develop a kind of intelligentized high precision Magnetic Sensor, just become one of focus in present engineer applied, and for weak Magnetic testi field, the giant magnetic impedance Intelligent magnetic dependent sensor that the present invention mentions effectively can adapt to weak magnetic field testing.
Summary of the invention
Magnetic Sensor is exactly cause the change of sensitive element magnetic property to convert electric signal to magnetic field, electric current, ess-strain, temperature, light etc., detects the device of respective physical amount by this way.In magnetic field detection, because the area, volume, gap size etc. in magnetic field are all limited areal (sizes), therefore we wish that the area of magneto sensor also should be more little more accurate compared with the area of tested magnetic field.In the technology of magnetic field imaging, component size is less, and the pixel gathered in identical area just the more.Resolution, sharpness are higher.In the detection that Surface field is measured with multistage magnet, in magnetic railings ruler, requirement like this must be had.From magneto sensor working mechanism, the physical dimension be in magnetic field in geometric configuration for improving sensitivity has corresponding requirements.
Magnetic-field measurement is a major issue in each field of production scientific research.Along with developing rapidly of microelectric technique, need in fields such as national defence, automotive electronics, Robotics, bioengineering, Automated condtrol that some are miniature or small-sized, high-performance, high sensitivity and the magnetic field sensor of fast response time to detect correlation parameter, such as Magnetic Field, rotating speed, displacement etc.At present, conventional magnetic field sensor has: Hall effect (Hall) magnetic field sensor, anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) magnetic field sensor, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) magnetic field sensor, fluxgate (Fluxgate) sensor etc.But above-mentioned magnetic field sensor has certain defect.Such as, although Hall effect magnetic field sensor is the magnetic field sensor be most widely used at present, its output signal change is little, and sensitivity is low, also has certain magnetic direction anisotropy when measuring magnetic field, is applicable to medium-high magnetic field and measures; The change rate of magnetic reluctance size of anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) magnetic field sensor only has 2%-4%, and its magnetic field sensitivity is less than 1%/Oe, and manufacturing equipment is complicated; Giant magnetoresistance (GMR), although the change rate of magnetic reluctance of sensor can reach more than 80%, export, but its magnetic field sensitivity is still lower can obtain higher signal; Fluxgate sensor is accurate especially to the requirement of coil winding, and signal processing requirement is higher.And the circuit too complex of the sensor, cost is higher.In the application of high requirement, especially in intelligent transportation, land and water transportation flow monitoring, vehicle and ship type detect, convoy spacing and Bus-Speed Monitoring, parking stall and berth are detected and are realized reporting to the police by the change detecting disturbance of magnetic field and the occasion of information monitoring with guiding to wait, public safety is taken precautions against, the foundation of disguised circumference, aviation, space flight, under the occasions such as navigational field, above-mentioned magnetic field sensor due to detection of magnetic field resolution low, detection range is near, response speed is slow, volume is large, power consumption is high, temperature stability is poor, directivity is poor, connect up loaded down with trivial details, or it is difficult in maintenance and the requirement of practical application to Weak magentic-field Fast Measurement can not be met.
Huge magnetic magneto-impedance effect refers to that material is under the excitation of high frequency alternating current, and AC impedance is vertiginous phenomenon with the change of applied field strengths.The preparation of high precision, high performance sensor will based on the sensor material of good quality, performance brilliance, amorphous material is one of micro-magnetic susceptibility performance best material found at present, has advantageous advantage in the application of giant magnetic impedance sensor.
The principle of work of amorphous wire magneto-impedance sensor is: the magneto-impedance effect utilizing amorphous wire, by imposing the excitation of certain frequency to amorphous wire, makes amorphous wire become the carrier of magnetoimpedance change.When external magnetic field changes, the magnetoimpedance of amorphous wire also changes thereupon, induces corresponding voltage signal immediately around the signal sampling coil on amorphous wire.Thus, this voltage signal just defines clear and definite corresponding relation with the power of now external magnetic field.By measuring this voltage signal, power and the size of external magnetic field just can be measured.
On the basis of above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes the technical scheme of Intelligent magnetic sensor, this technical scheme can be applicable in all kinds of high-precision magnetic field detection application widely, such as geomagnetic field disturbance etc.The present invention proposes following concrete technical scheme:
A kind of Intelligent magnetic sensor, comprises MCU circuit, GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit, testing circuit and management circuit; Described GMI detecting unit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, and described management circuit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, MCU circuit respectively; It is characterized in that: described GMI detecting unit is for detecting magnetic signal, and described compensating circuit is used for carrying out magnetic compensation to the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit, and described testing circuit is for detecting the environmental magnetic field residing for described GMI detecting unit;
Described management circuit is used for the amplification process of the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit, and manages compensating circuit and testing circuit; Described MCU circuit is used for control and management circuit, realizes management circuit and controls the management of described GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit and testing circuit.
Preferably, described GMI detecting unit comprises further: head unit, Power Entry Module, protective ground module, signal output module; Described GMI detecting unit, for realizing the acquisition of signal to gradual or transient magnetic field; Wherein, described head unit, for sensing current gradual or transition magnetic environment and obtaining corresponding magnetic signal.
Preferably, described head unit comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton, and described head unit adopts MEMS technology encapsulation.
Preferably, described amorphous wire symmetry is by roll center and amorphous wire pad solder; Described wire is wrapped on roll and forms drive coil and magnetic test coil, and welds with conductor pad.
Preferably, described wire is plain conductor, and described metal is preferably copper, aluminium or silver; Described skeleton is arranged to the shape of dumbbell, rectangle or rhombus, and manufactured materials is preferably LCP material.
Preferably, described testing circuit comprises magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, magnetic detects coil, detect amplifying circuit, temperature-compensation circuit; Described magnetic anomaly detecting circuit detects coil with magnetic and is connected, to detect changes of magnetic field; Described temperature-compensation circuit is connected with magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and carries out temperature compensation according to the output of magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and compensation rate is fed back to magnetic anomaly detecting circuit; Output valve after temperature compensation is exported to and is detected amplifying circuit by temperature-compensation circuit, described in detect amplifying circuit by amplify after the value that detects be transferred to compensating circuit.
Preferably, described compensating circuit comprises magnetic compensation coil, magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator; Described magnetic compensation coil is arranged on outside amorphous wire, and described amorphous wire is connected with magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator respectively, and described driving oscillator is connected with described magnetic resonance driving circuit.
Preferably, described magnetic compensation coil, magnetic detect coil and are connected in series a capacitor respectively, with isolated DC electric current or alternating current.
Preferably, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material to make, described amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass.
Preferably, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material, and its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, and highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), length are less than 5 millimeters, and diameter range is: 30 microns-100 microns.
Present invention also offers a kind of magnetic sensing probe, described probe comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton; It is characterized in that: described skeleton interlude is set to roll, and skeleton two ends are respectively arranged with termination, described roll sectional area is less than termination sectional area; Imbed described amorphous wire in described frame center, described amorphous wire is placed with roll is concentric.
Preferably, described amorphous wire symmetry is welded with conductor pad by roll center; Described wire is wrapped on roll and forms drive coil and magnetic test coil, and welds with conductor pad.
Preferably, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material to make, described amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass.
Preferably, the non-crystalline material fracture tensile strength of described amorphous wire is 3000Mpa, amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass; Described amorphous wire two ends divest glassy layer before injection moulding.
Preferably, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material, and its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, and highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), length are less than 5 millimeters, and diameter range is: 30 microns-100 microns.
Preferably, the thickness of described amorphous wire pad and conductor pad is 0.1mm-0.2mm; The material of described conductor pad and the material of amorphous wire adapt, in order to ensure electric conductivity and weldability; The electrode material of described conductor pad preferably adopts gold-plated or turmeric.
Preferably, described skeleton material is LCP or PEI; Described roll diameter is φ 0.3 ± 0.02mm;
Preferably, described skeleton can make a dumbbell shape, and centre is set to roll, is used for coiling lead loop.
Preferably, described skeleton is provided with 2 amorphous wire pads, 4 conductor pad;
Described 2 amorphous wire pads lay respectively at the top side, two ends of described probe, and described 4 conductor pad are positioned at the middle part of described probe, are symmetrical arranged relative to roll, and are arranged near roll side.
Preferably, described magnetic sensing probe is manufactured by MEMS technology, and silicon wafer designs, and precasts 6 binding points, and described 6 bindings point comprises 2 amorphous wire pads and 4 conductor pad.
Preferably, when described magnetic sensing probe is for detecting the metal objects such as wire, this probe is set to annular or the arc of hollow.
Present invention also offers a kind of vehicle checking method based on Intelligent magnetic sensor, it uses as the Intelligent magnetic sensor as described in arbitrary in claim 1-10, and the method comprises the steps:
By described Intelligent magnetic sensor setting in vehicle detection place; The change that sampling rate detects terrestrial magnetic field, described vehicle detection place signal is preset with one; And the rate of change increased in terrestrial magnetic field is when exceeding threshold value, sends vehicle and sail signal into; When the rate of change reduced when terrestrial magnetic field exceedes threshold value, send vehicle and roll signal away from.
Preferably, in the method, send while vehicle sails signal into and carry out timing, and when sending vehicle and rolling signal away from, stop timing, thus obtain the duration of stoppage of vehicle, and send duration signal.
Preferably, detect and can set a different time threshold, when detecting parking, threshold value can be longer, and when detecting vehicle on highway, threshold value can be shorter; When the time is less than a certain threshold value, the disturbance that the different kinds of tyre being defaulted as same car causes, also according to the tire disturbance number of times within this time threshold, can simply determine the type of vehicle.
Preferably, the method is included in described Intelligent magnetic sensor place further and be arranged in parallel piezoelectric sensor; It is characterized in that: while Intelligent magnetic sensor detects geomagnetic field variation signal, piezoelectric sensor detects the pressure signal that vehicle tyre produces piezoelectric sensor; In described stoppage of vehicle duration, integral operation is carried out to described pressure signal, obtain vehicle weight information.
Technical scheme provided by the invention has following advantage:
1, magnetic sensing probe of the present invention, its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, and highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), volume are little, corrosion-resistant, strong shock resistance;
2, Intelligent magnetic sensor provided by the invention, because probe adopts amorphous wire technology, shape can be changeable, can be designed as box-packed, arc or circle etc., can adapt to the multiple situations such as vehicle, wire detection, wirerope detection, have good applicability;
3, the present invention by using RFID as independently module, adjustment chip, and amorphous wire magnetic circuit and circuit are integrated, reduce power consumption, increase power, and waveform is adjusted to the convenient modulating wave form catching and gather peak value, produced problem in the prior art of solution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of Intelligent magnetic sensor;
Fig. 2 is the GMI detecting unit interface exemplary plot of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the head unit exemplary plot of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the head unit exemplary plot made by MEMS technology of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the testing circuit structural drawing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the compensating circuit structural drawing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the testing circuit of the embodiment of the present invention, compensating circuit one improves exemplary plot;
Fig. 8 is magnetic field and Magnetic Sensor performance diagram;
Fig. 9 is an exemplary plot of the skeleton of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the pad exemplary plot of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the amorphous wire sectional illustrations figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the boxlike encapsulation exemplary plot of the Magnetic Sensor of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the vehicle detection apparatus exemplary plot based on Intelligent magnetic sensor of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is that the Intelligent magnetic sensor detected vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention is to the exemplary plot of disturbance of magnetic field.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.Those skilled in the art should know, following specific embodiment or embodiment, to be the present invention be explains the set-up mode of the series of optimum that concrete summary of the invention is enumerated further, it is the further explanation to claim, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the description of following specific embodiment, and all can be combined with each other or interrelated use between those set-up modes, unless clearly proposed wherein some or a certain specific embodiment or embodiment in the present invention to carry out associating with other embodiment or embodiment and arrange or jointly use.Meanwhile, following specific embodiment or embodiment only as optimized set-up mode, and not as limiting the understanding of protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As the circuit block diagram that Fig. 1 is Intelligent magnetic sensor of the present invention, in this specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of Intelligent magnetic sensor, described Magnetic Sensor comprises MCU circuit, GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit, testing circuit and management circuit; Described GMI detecting unit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, and described management circuit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, MCU circuit respectively; Wherein, described GMI detecting unit is for detecting magnetic signal; Described compensating circuit is used for carrying out magnetic compensation to the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit; Described testing circuit is for detecting the environmental magnetic field residing for described GMI detecting unit; Described management circuit is used for the amplification process of the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit, and manages compensating circuit and testing circuit; Described MCU circuit is used for control and management circuit, realizes management circuit and controls the management of described GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit and testing circuit.
In a concrete embodiment, described GMI detecting unit comprises further: head unit, Power Entry Module, protective ground module, signal output module.
As shown in Figure 2, GMI detecting unit, it comprises: head unit, Power Entry Module, and protective ground module, signal output module, and four thin consolidation are in a square box.For applicable electrical equipment connects, 1,2,3,4 link parts, are designed to be connected with the golden finger splicing ear of 4pin, also can utilize 5,6 discrete connections.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described head unit comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton; Described amorphous wire symmetry is by roll center and amorphous wire pad solder; Described wire is wrapped on roll and forms drive coil and magnetic test coil, and welds with conductor pad.In Fig. 3, skeleton can be arranged to the shape of dumbbell, and adopt LCP material, certainly the other materials such as PEI material also can be adopted herein to make, need statement, skeleton in Fig. 3 is only shown as the preferred embodiment of one, this skeleton also can be set to arc, the circular shape waiting other, thus facilitate different environments for use and detected material, such as, when carrying out such as vehicle etc. as general Magnetic Sensor and detecting, dumbbell shaped can be made, rectangle, the shapes such as rhombus, as long as facilitate the assembling of Magnetic Sensor, can easily Intelligent magnetic sensor be embedded in underground or embed in other objects like this, convenient detection, in addition, skeleton also can do camber or circle, and like this, namely whole probe can become annular or the arc of hollow, more convenient for metal objects such as detection wires, certainly, those skilled in the art also can be improved appropriately frame configuration according to concrete environment for use, but should state, these improvement all should be considered as falling within the protection domain of the application.
In a concrete embodiment, described wire is plain conductor; This wire is also namely around the winding wire outside amorphous wire; Described metal is copper, aluminium, silver etc., also can adopt other metallic conductor, repeat no more herein; Described head unit adopts MEMS technology encapsulation, Fig. 4 is an exemplary head unit exemplary plot made by MEMS technology encapsulation, based on the head unit in the GMI detecting unit of MEMS technology, this gauge head utilizes MEMS technology to produce, on 6 inches of Silicon Wafers, design quantity is more than 400, and precasts 6 binding points selected through special material.The method utilizes semiconductor technology, by binding the matched design of point and sensitive material, effectively improves process consistency and welding quality.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, described testing circuit comprises magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, magnetic detects coil, detect amplifying circuit, temperature-compensation circuit; Described magnetic anomaly detecting circuit detects coil with magnetic and is connected, to detect changes of magnetic field; Described temperature-compensation circuit is connected with magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and carries out temperature compensation according to the output of magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and compensation rate is fed back to magnetic anomaly detecting circuit; Output valve after temperature compensation is exported to and is detected amplifying circuit by temperature-compensation circuit, described in detect amplifying circuit by amplify after the value that detects be transferred to compensating circuit.In Fig. 5, magnetosensitive sub-nano golden belongs to glass fibre, is also amorphous wire concrete adopted in the present embodiment, and this management control circuit is also the management circuit in the present embodiment.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, described compensating circuit comprises magnetic compensation coil, magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator; Described magnetic compensation coil is arranged on outside amorphous wire, and described amorphous wire is connected with magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator respectively, and described driving oscillator is connected with described magnetic resonance driving circuit.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, described magnetic compensation coil, magnetic detect coil and are connected in series a capacitor respectively, with isolated DC electric current or alternating current.When alternating current and DC current flow through magnetic compensation coil, magnetic detect coil time, produce ac modulation magnetic field and DC bias magnetic field, and capacitor C1 is now set, C2 detects coil tandem with magnetic compensation coil, magnetic respectively, can effectively isolated DC electric current or alternating current.When a suitable DC bias magnetic field is applied to sensor, due to BH curve non-linear of amorphous wire, the amplitude of described alternating voltage and the change of external field will as shown in Figure 8, and namely this is the Cleaning Principle of Magnetic Sensor.
In a concrete embodiment, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material; Described amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass.
This sensor is that one responds magnetic anomaly detecting sensor as quick as thought, be suitable for high-speed magnetic field change and Slowly Varying magnetic field ratio, as remote magnetic switch, seabed submarine detecting sensor network, high-speed iron Magnetic testi etc., also be applicable to geomagnetic anomaly to detect, as naval vessels, Ship targets detection, frontier defense weapon vehicle tank equimagnetic abnormality detection, geological exploration, the detection of earthquake magnetic anomaly etc.
In a concrete embodiment, described Intelligent magnetic sensor can be set to analog signal output type or digital signal output type, namely exports analog detection signal, digital detection signal respectively, and this sensor with data readout is provided with microprocessor.
Output switch parameter pressed by this sensor, be applicable to intelligent traffic vehicle detect, substitute traditional ground induction coil detecting device, the aspect such as door, the monitoring of highway vehicle flowrate of traffic intersection, Based Intelligent Control traffic lights, the parking of berth, roadside, gateway, parking lot, control automatically can be widely used in.
Embodiment 2
Present invention also offers a kind of magnetic sensing probe, described probe comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton; Described skeleton interlude is set to roll, and skeleton two ends are respectively arranged with termination, and described roll sectional area is less than termination sectional area; Imbed described amorphous wire in described frame center, described amorphous wire is placed with roll is concentric; Described skeleton is provided with 2 amorphous wire pads, 4 conductor pad.
As shown in Figure 9, for shape and the optimum configurations of skeleton in the present embodiment one embodiment, this skeleton can make a dumbbell shape, centre is set to roll, be used for coiling lead loop, size in Fig. 9 only as an exemplary preferred implementation use, does not limit as scope of the present invention.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, the described material of 4 conductor pad and the material of coiled wire-wound coil adapt, in order to ensure electric conductivity and weldability; Described 2 amorphous wire pads lay respectively at the top side, two ends of described probe, as the rectangular pads at skeleton two ends in Figure 10; Described 4 conductor pad are positioned at the middle part of described probe, are symmetrical arranged relative to roll, and near roll side, as being positioned at four little pads of square in the middle of skeleton in Figure 10.Certainly, the concrete size in Figure 10 is arranged, only as the example of a concrete embodiment, not as the understanding of restriction scope.Described pad, be set to rectangle or square, it is only an example, those pads also can be set to other arbitrary shape, those shapes can need to arrange according to the concrete technique made, and the position of these pads is arranged, also be only one preferred embodiment in Figure 10, also amorphous wire pad can be arranged on the close centre position of skeleton, and when not affecting coiling and needing, conductor pad also can be arranged on other position, those skilled in the art are to be understood that, the position of those routines and bond pad shapes change is set, all should be considered as falling within protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the described material of 4 conductor pad and the material of coiled wire-wound coil adapt, and are beneficial to excellent electric conductivity and weldability, and concrete bonding pad material can be determined according to conductor material, repeats no more herein.
In a concrete embodiment, described probe is manufactured by MEMS technology, and silicon wafer designs, and precasts 6 binding points, puts that above-mentioned probe can realize powering, the transmission etc. of data based on this binding.Specifically, in a concrete embodiment, on 6 inches of Silicon Wafers, design quantity is more than 400, and precasts 6 binding points selected through special material.The method utilizes semiconductor technology, by binding the matched design of point and sensitive material, effectively improves process consistency and welding quality.
In a concrete embodiment, described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material.In an exemplary embodiment as shown in figure 11, the non-crystalline material fracture tensile strength of described amorphous wire is 3000Mpa, amorphous wire diameter is 0.0328mm, the glass of external sheath one deck 0.002mm, diameter herein and glassy layer thickness, for the preferred implementation in the present embodiment, not as the understanding limiting scope; Described amorphous wire two ends divest glassy layer before injection moulding.
In a concrete embodiment, described skeleton material is LCP or PEI; Described roll diameter is φ 0.3 ± 0.02mm.The thickness of described amorphous wire pad and conductor pad is 0.1mm-0.2mm; The electrode material of described pad adopts gold-plated or turmeric.
In a concrete embodiment, as shown in figure 12, this Magnetic Sensor can be encapsulated as boxlike, and Magnetic Sensor processes completed is encapsulated as cubic shaped, to facilitate and the assembling of other circuit and use.Certainly; herein only as a preferred example; this encapsulation also can adopt other mode; the such as shape such as arc, annulus; the change of those shapes; can detect the difference of target and environment for use according to reality and change, those changes all should be considered as falling within the protection domain of the application.
Described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material, its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), length are less than 5 millimeters, and diameter range is: 30 microns-100 microns, corrosion-resistant, strong shock resistance.
Embodiment 3
In a concrete embodiment, on the basis of above-described embodiment, present invention also offers a kind of wagon detector using above-mentioned Intelligent magnetic sensor, as shown in figure 13, described wagon detector comprises Intelligent magnetic sensor, systematic microprocessor (MCU), wireless transmitter module, wireless RF ID card reader module; Described Intelligent magnetic sensor is for monitoring the vehicle disturbance terrestrial magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal on parking stall, described systematic microprocessor is used for having no signal and vehicle disturbance terrestrial magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal to carry out analog to digital conversion, collection and signal processing analysis to the parking stall vehicle detected, to obtain the information of vehicles on parking stall, and described parking information is sent by wireless transmitter module; Described RFID card reader module is for reading the information of vehicles entrained by vehicle RFID radio-frequency card.
This Intelligent magnetic sensor has detection Slowly Varying magnetic field signal and transient magnetic field semiotic function, and different chassis height, the disturbing influence varied in size will be produced to terrestrial magnetic field, therefore, based on this, the vehicle above the parking spot that this Intelligent magnetic sensor is applicable to the state of parking have stateless detect judge, the detection of type of vehicle and judgement.When vehicle is through Intelligent magnetic sensor proximity, because vehicle has magnetic permeable material, therefore, disturbance can be produced to the terrestrial magnetic field at position place, Intelligent magnetic sensor can detect this geomagnetic disturbance observantly, thus detect that vehicle is in this position, and by the signal transmission after detection and process to systematic microprocessor, i.e. MCU.In a concrete embodiment, this Intelligent magnetic sensor can buy in the subsurface needing the position detected in advance, and also can embed in other objects of Near Ground, particular location can be determined according to testing environment.
In a concrete embodiment, oscillator is used for encouraging amorphous wire, accelerate its response speed, amplifier is for amplifying the signal of amorphous wire probe and sending into A/D converter and become digital signal and enter systematic microprocessor, systematic microprocessor processes the information gathered, by ceramic antenna, systematic microprocessor sends data to the data reception antenna of traffic flow dynamic parameter acquisition storage disposal system.By magnetic sensing probe, field signal is converted to ac signal, then carries out computing by circuit.Systematic microprocessor gathers field signal, through software identification, carries out environment ground magnetic analysis and vehicle disturbance geomagnetism detecting.The single-chip microcomputer that systematic microprocessor is stored in disposal system by the dynamic parameter acquisition of communication and traffic flow communicates, the dynamic parameter acquisition of traffic flow, storage, disposal system can process in real time vehicle by quantity, the speed of a motor vehicle etc.
In a concrete embodiment, the vehicle detection during this Intelligent magnetic sensor also can be applicable to travel, adopts following methods when this vehicle detection apparatus detects vehicle:
Present invention also offers a kind of method for detecting vehicle various information, it uses the Intelligent magnetic sensor as above described in technical scheme, and the method step is as follows:
By described Intelligent magnetic sensor setting in vehicle detection place;
The change that sampling rate detects terrestrial magnetic field, described vehicle detection place signal is preset with one;
And the rate of change increased in terrestrial magnetic field is when exceeding threshold value, sends vehicle and sail signal into.
In a concrete embodiment, when the rate of change reduced exceedes threshold value, send vehicle and roll signal away from when terrestrial magnetic field.
In a concrete embodiment, send while vehicle sails signal into and carry out timing, and when sending vehicle and rolling signal away from, stop timing, thus obtain the duration of stoppage of vehicle, and send duration signal.As shown in figure 14, the shock wave that vehicle causes terrestrial magnetic field, is mainly caused by wheel, and for certain class special car, such as tank, then it crosses the geomagnetic disturbance caused will be basic continous, can, by the detection to the change of these disturbances, realize detecting vehicle much information.
This sails into rolling away from can be applied in stop to detect, and also can apply vehicle passing detection in the road, now, detection can set a different time threshold, such as, when detecting parking, threshold value can be longer, and when detecting vehicle on highway, threshold value can be shorter; When the time is less than a certain threshold value, the disturbance that the different kinds of tyre being defaulted as same car causes, also can according to the tire disturbance number of times within this time threshold, simply determine the type of vehicle, such as six take turns engineering truck, or four-wheel common vehicle, or military tanks, military special car etc.
In a concrete embodiment, piezoelectric sensor is set at described Intelligent magnetic sensor parallel, while detection geomagnetic field variation signal, detects the pressure signal that vehicle tyre produces piezoelectric sensor; In described stoppage of vehicle duration, integral operation is carried out to described pressure signal, obtain vehicle weight information.
For detecting vehicle parking, adopting the method that magnetic anomaly slope detection and threshold test combine, by gathering magnetic signal, calculating the pace of change (i.e. slope) of magnetic signal, carry out difference change detected amplitude with environmental magnetic field signal and realize stopping and detect; For detecting vehicle count, the magnetic signal inverse change identification of headstock parking stall is adopted to calculate vehicle number; For detecting the speed of a motor vehicle, adopting the vehicle commander of headstock parking stall magnetic signal inverse change mistiming and specific vehicle, carrying out speed calculating.
In another concrete embodiment, described Intelligent magnetic dependent sensor can only demonstrate a ferromagnetic object and have passed through detecting device, in vehicle detection, the characteristic information of vehicle can only be provided, car weight information can not be provided, and detect the tire through sensor in conjunction with piezoelectric sensor (such as piezoelectric fibers sensor device etc.), produce a simulating signal be directly proportional to the pressure be applied on sensor, and the cycle exported is identical with the time that tire stops on a sensor.Whenever a tire is through sensor, sensor will produce a new electronic impulse.When vehicle weight does not wait, the changes in amplitude of the pulse of generation, with Intelligent magnetic dependent sensor registration of vehicle elapsed time, by the signal integration to stressed generation, thus weighs under steam.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (24)
1. an Intelligent magnetic sensor, comprises MCU circuit, GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit, testing circuit and management circuit; Described GMI detecting unit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, and described management circuit is connected with described compensating circuit, testing circuit, MCU circuit respectively; It is characterized in that:
Described GMI detecting unit is for detecting magnetic signal, and described compensating circuit is used for carrying out magnetic compensation to the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit, and described testing circuit is for detecting the environmental magnetic field residing for described GMI detecting unit;
Described management circuit is used for the amplification process of the magnetic signal detected by GMI detecting unit, and manages compensating circuit and testing circuit; Described MCU circuit is used for control and management circuit, realizes management circuit and controls the management of described GMI detecting unit, compensating circuit and testing circuit.
2. Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described GMI detecting unit comprises further: head unit, Power Entry Module, protective ground module, signal output module; Described GMI detecting unit, for realizing the acquisition of signal to gradual or transient magnetic field; Described head unit, for sensing current gradual or transition magnetic environment and obtaining corresponding magnetic signal.
3. Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described head unit comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton, and described head unit adopts MEMS technology encapsulation.
4. Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire symmetry is by roll center and amorphous wire pad solder;
Described wire is wrapped on roll and forms drive coil and magnetic test coil, and welds with conductor pad.
5. the Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that:
Described wire is plain conductor, and described metal is preferably copper, aluminium or silver;
Described skeleton is arranged to the shape of dumbbell, rectangle or rhombus, and manufactured materials is preferably LCP material.
6., according to the arbitrary described Intelligent magnetic sensor of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that:
Described testing circuit comprises magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, magnetic detects coil, detect amplifying circuit, temperature-compensation circuit; Described magnetic anomaly detecting circuit detects coil with magnetic and is connected, to detect changes of magnetic field; Described temperature-compensation circuit is connected with magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and carries out temperature compensation according to the output of magnetic anomaly detecting circuit, and compensation rate is fed back to magnetic anomaly detecting circuit; Output valve after temperature compensation is exported to and is detected amplifying circuit by temperature-compensation circuit, described in detect amplifying circuit by amplify after the value that detects be transferred to compensating circuit.
7., according to the arbitrary described Intelligent magnetic sensor of claim 3-5, it is characterized in that:
Described compensating circuit comprises magnetic compensation coil, magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator; Described magnetic compensation coil is arranged on outside amorphous wire, and described amorphous wire is connected with magnetic resonance driving circuit, driving oscillator respectively, and described driving oscillator is connected with described magnetic resonance driving circuit.
8. the Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that:
Described magnetic compensation coil, magnetic detect coil and are connected in series a capacitor respectively, with isolated DC electric current or alternating current.
9., according to described Intelligent magnetic sensor arbitrary in claim 3-8, it is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material to make, described amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass.
10. Intelligent magnetic sensor according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material, and its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, and highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), length are less than 5 millimeters, and diameter range is: 30-100 micron.
11. 1 kinds of magnetic sensing probes, described probe comprises amorphous wire pad, conductor pad, wire, amorphous wire, roll and skeleton; It is characterized in that:
Described skeleton interlude is set to roll, and skeleton two ends are respectively arranged with termination, and described roll sectional area is less than termination sectional area; Imbed described amorphous wire in described frame center, described amorphous wire is placed with roll is concentric.
12. magnetic sensing probes according to claim 11, is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire symmetry is welded with conductor pad by roll center;
Described wire is wrapped on roll and forms drive coil and magnetic test coil, and welds with conductor pad.
13. magnetic sensing probes according to claim 11, is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material to make, described amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass.
14., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-13, is characterized in that:
The non-crystalline material fracture tensile strength of described amorphous wire is 3000Mpa, amorphous wire external sheath one deck glass; Described amorphous wire two ends divest glassy layer before injection moulding.
15., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-14, is characterized in that:
Described amorphous wire adopts Co-Fe-M-Si-B amorphous wire material, and its response speed was less than for 10 nanoseconds, and highly sensitive (Full-span output about 1000mV), length are less than 5 millimeters, and diameter range is: 30-100 micron.
16., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-15, is characterized in that:
The thickness of described amorphous wire pad and conductor pad is 0.1mm-0.2mm;
The material of described conductor pad and the material of amorphous wire adapt, in order to ensure electric conductivity and weldability;
The electrode material of described conductor pad preferably adopts gold-plated or turmeric.
17., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-16, is characterized in that:
Described skeleton material is LCP or PEI; Described roll diameter is φ 0.3 ± 0.02mm;
Preferably, described skeleton can make a dumbbell shape, and centre is set to roll, is used for coiling lead loop.
18., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-17, is characterized in that:
Described skeleton is provided with 2 amorphous wire pads, 4 conductor pad;
Described 2 amorphous wire pads lay respectively at the top side, two ends of described probe, and described 4 conductor pad are positioned at the middle part of described probe, are symmetrical arranged relative to roll, and are arranged near roll side.
19., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-18, is characterized in that:
Described magnetic sensing probe is manufactured by MEMS technology, and silicon wafer designs, and precasts 6 binding points, and described 6 bindings point comprises 2 amorphous wire pads and 4 conductor pad.
20., according to described magnetic sensing probe arbitrary in claim 11-19, is characterized in that:
When described magnetic sensing probe is for detecting the metal objects such as wire, this probe is set to annular or the arc of hollow.
21. 1 kinds of vehicle checking methods based on Intelligent magnetic sensor, it uses as the Intelligent magnetic sensor as described in arbitrary in claim 1-10, and the method comprises the steps:
By described Intelligent magnetic sensor setting in vehicle detection place;
The change that sampling rate detects terrestrial magnetic field, described vehicle detection place signal is preset with one;
And the rate of change increased in terrestrial magnetic field is when exceeding threshold value, sends vehicle and sail signal into;
When the rate of change reduced when terrestrial magnetic field exceedes threshold value, send vehicle and roll signal away from.
22. methods according to claim 21, is characterized in that:
Send while vehicle sails signal into and carry out timing, and when sending vehicle and rolling signal away from, stop timing, thus obtain the duration of stoppage of vehicle, and send duration signal.
23. methods according to claim 21 or 22, is characterized in that:
Detection can set a different time threshold, and when detecting parking, threshold value can be longer, and when detecting vehicle on highway, threshold value can be shorter; When the time is less than a certain threshold value, the disturbance that the different kinds of tyre being defaulted as same car causes, also according to the tire disturbance number of times within this time threshold, can simply determine the type of vehicle.
24. methods according to claim 22 or 23, the method is included in described Intelligent magnetic sensor place further and be arranged in parallel piezoelectric sensor; It is characterized in that:
While Intelligent magnetic sensor detects geomagnetic field variation signal, piezoelectric sensor detects the pressure signal that vehicle tyre produces piezoelectric sensor;
In described stoppage of vehicle duration, integral operation is carried out to described pressure signal, obtain vehicle weight information.
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| CN201510424827.XA CN105068027A (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2015-07-17 | Intelligent magnetic sensor and vehicle detection method based on same |
| PCT/CN2016/088790 WO2017012469A1 (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2016-07-06 | Smart magnetic sensor and vehicle detection method based on smart magnetic sensor |
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| CN108362764A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-03 | 北京理工大学 | The method and device of ferromagnetic is carried based on GMI sensor arrays detection human body |
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