CN105067417A - Gas fine particulate matter concentration enrichment device - Google Patents
Gas fine particulate matter concentration enrichment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105067417A CN105067417A CN201510474691.3A CN201510474691A CN105067417A CN 105067417 A CN105067417 A CN 105067417A CN 201510474691 A CN201510474691 A CN 201510474691A CN 105067417 A CN105067417 A CN 105067417A
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas fine particulate matter concentration enrichment device including a humidifier 1, a cooling pipe 2, a virtual impactor 3, a countercurrent dryer 4, a first sucking pump 7, a second sucking pump 8, a constant temperature refrigeration water tank 5 and a particulate matter mixing cavity 6. The device concentrates and enriches fine particulate matters in gas through a series of physical effects, can achieve 30-time maximal concentration on the fine particulate matters in the gas, has stable output, avoids the problems that the environment is polluted or physical damage or fiber falling of the fine particulate matters is caused by ultrasonic separation when a traditional method produces gas fine particulate matters, is high in efficiency and convenient to operate, and can realize simulation of real high-concentration fine particulate matter pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of gas fine particle enrichment method.
Background technology
Along with the development of economic society and the raising of quality of life, people more and more pay close attention to for air quality, and China's atmospheric environment worsens especially in recent years, how to occur severe haze, has badly influenced the normal life of people.Because air combined pollution problem is on the rise, the research of polluting for gas fine particle more and more comes into one's own.Gas fine particle (PM2.5 namely usually said) refers to the solid suspended particles that in air, particle diameter is less than 2.5 μm, is the regional atmosphere pollution with serious harm.
At environmental science and biomedical sector, in order to study the impact of haze on human health, need to build gas fine particle test environment.In order to obtain gas fine particle required in test environment, common method is Design pollution source, collects, build test environment with the gas fine particle collected to the gas fine particle that pollution source produce.Although the method cost is low; simple to operate; but be easy to cause environmental pollution; and the gas fine particle concentration produced is lower and uneven; obtain purer PM2.5 particle and also will carry out the process such as ultrasonic Separation, these process easily cause the problems such as fine particle physical damage or fibre shedding.Another more common method uses liquid aersol to simulate, although the method stable output and gas fine particle even concentration, still to pollute and the method can not fine particle contaminated environment that is virtually reality like reality.
Therefore, need the gas fine particle concentration gas fine particle generation equipment that is large and stable, Reality simulation environment of a kind of with low cost, convenient operating maintenance, compact conformation, generation at present badly, but this kind equipment there is not been reported.
In the disclosed content of instructions " background technology " part, contribute to those skilled in the art and understand technical scheme of the present invention, but should not think that these contents necessarily belong to prior art or common practise accordingly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of gas fine particle enrichment method device.
Gas fine particle enrichment method device, comprises humidifier 1, cooling tube 2, virtual impactor 3, counter-flow drier 4, first aspiration pump 7 and the second aspiration pump 8.Cooling tube 2 is connected with humidifier 1 and virtual impactor 3 respectively, and virtual impactor 3 is also connected with counter-flow drier 4 and the first aspiration pump 7, and counter-flow drier 4 is also connected with the second aspiration pump 8.Humidifier 1 is also provided with gas input port, counter-flow drier 4 is also provided with gas delivery port.
Virtual impactor 3 comprises taper input pipe 9, filters inner chamber 10, exports straight tube 11 and aerodynamic force interface 12.Taper input pipe 9 extends through from the bottom surface of virtual impactor 3 and filters inner chamber 10, exports straight tube 11 and extends through filtration inner chamber 10 from the end face of virtual impactor 3.
Taper input pipe 9 is connected with cooling tube 2, exports straight tube 11 and is connected with counter-flow drier 4, and aerodynamic force interface 12 is for being communicated with the first aspiration pump 7 with filtration inner chamber 10.
Cooling tube 2 has inside and outside two chambeies, and exocoel is cooled inner chamber by liquid-circulating.Gas fine particle enrichment method device also comprises constant temperature refrigeration tank 5, and the input port of constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 is connected with upper interface with the lower interface of cooling tube 2 exocoel respectively with delivery outlet.
Dried particles is filled with in counter-flow drier 4.
Gas fine particle enrichment method device also comprises particle hybrid chamber 6.Counter-flow drier 4 is connected with the second aspiration pump 8 by particle hybrid chamber 6.Now, the gas delivery port be located on counter-flow drier 4 is changed be located on particle hybrid chamber 6.
Cooling tube 2 in gas fine particle enrichment method device, virtual impactor 3, counter-flow drier 4 and the first aspiration pump 7 are set to multiple (i.e. two or more), and multiple counter-flow drier 4 is connected with same particle hybrid chamber 6 respectively.
Gas fine particle concentrated method, comprising:
Gas containing particle mixes with the water vapour higher than environment temperature;
Mixed gas flows from bottom to top, cooled in flow process;
Cooled mixed gas inputs virtual impactor 3 from taper input pipe 9, and crude product exports from output straight tube 11;
Dry raw product.
The method of gas fine particle enrichment method, also comprises:
After crude product drying, mix in particle hybrid chamber 6.
In describing the invention, the word such as " to comprise " to understand according to open language mode.Such as, in gas fine particle enrichment method device, virtual impactor 3 is connected with 7 of the first aspiration pump and is generally realized by rubber tube, those skilled in the art are by reading technical solution of the present invention and being easy to associate rubber tube in conjunction with prior art or publicity general knowledge, therefore omitted in description of the invention, this does not affect the integrality of technical solution of the present invention.
Gas fine particle enrichment method device provided by the invention, by series of physical effect, enrichment method is carried out to the fine particle in gas, concentrating maximum 30 times of fine particle in gas can be realized, and stable output, avoid classic method produce gas fine particle time contaminated environment or ultrasonic Separation the problem such as physical damage or fibre shedding is caused to fine grained.This unit efficiency is high, easy to operate, can realize, to the simulation of real high concentration fine particle contaminated environment, being with a wide range of applications in environmental science, biomedicine and other association areas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of virtual impactor 3.In figure: 9, taper input pipe, 10, filter inner chamber, 11, export straight tube, 12, aerodynamic force interface.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas fine particle enrichment method device.In figure: 1, humidifier, 2, cooling tube, 3, virtual impactor, 4, counter-flow drier, 5, constant temperature refrigeration tank, 6, particle hybrid chamber, the 7, first aspiration pump, the 8, second aspiration pump.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated.But it should be noted that scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.Any to the technology essential factor in described embodiment carry out identical or equivalent replace obtain technical scheme or those skilled in the art on the basis of described embodiment without the technical scheme that creative work just can obtain, all should be considered as falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Gas fine particle enrichment method device, comprises humidifier 1, cooling tube 2, virtual impactor 3, counter-flow drier 4, first aspiration pump 7 and the second aspiration pump 8.Cooling tube 2 is connected with humidifier 1 and virtual impactor 3 respectively, and virtual impactor 3 is also connected with counter-flow drier 4 and the first aspiration pump 7, and counter-flow drier 4 is also connected with the second aspiration pump 8.Humidifier 1 is also provided with gas input port, counter-flow drier 4 is also provided with gas delivery port.
Humidifier 1 can select water-bath.
Dried particles is filled with in counter-flow drier 4.Dried particles selects discolour silica gel.Discolour silica gel in silica gel, adds some be made with the inorganic salts of water of crystallization and a small amount of silicon dichloride.Discolour silica gel has suction-operated to hydrone and does not have suction-operated for gas fine particle.Toast in drying box after discolour silica gel water suction variable color, anhydrous state can be returned to and recycle.
First aspiration pump 7 provides the primary aerodynamic of gas circuit in a device, and power requirement is higher, can select the high-power quiet oilless vacuum pump of power 1000W.Second aspiration pump 8 provides aerodynamic force in a device fine particle output channel, and power requirement is lower, can select the miniwatt air pump of power 200W.
The structure of virtual impactor 3 as shown in Figure 1, comprises taper input pipe 9, filters inner chamber 10, exports straight tube 11 and aerodynamic force interface 12.Taper input pipe 9 extends through from the bottom surface of virtual impactor 3 and filters inner chamber 10, exports straight tube 11 and extends through filtration inner chamber 10 from the end face of virtual impactor 3.Taper input pipe 9 is connected with cooling tube 2, exports straight tube 11 and is connected with counter-flow drier 4, and aerodynamic force interface 12 is for being communicated with the first aspiration pump 7 with filtration inner chamber 10.
The shape of virtual impactor 3 main body is right cylinder, is docked form by upper and lower two parts.Cylindrical basal diameter 101.8mm, high 79mm.
The shape of filtering inner chamber 10 is right cylinder, cylindrical basal diameter 85.3mm, high 67mm.
Taper input pipe 9 is formed by connecting by cylindrical tube and conical tube.Cylindrical tube interior diameter 20.3mm, overall diameter 25.3mm, high 32.2mm.Conical tube bottom surface interior diameter 20.3mm, overall diameter 25.3mm, conical tube upper bottom surface interior diameter 5mm, overall diameter 8mm, conical tube height 34.2mm.
Exporting straight tube 11 is cylindrical tube, cylindrical tube interior diameter 5mm, overall diameter 9mm.The distance exported between the bottom surface of straight tube 11 and the tapered tube upper bottom surface of taper input pipe 9 is 6mm.
Aerodynamic force interface 12 is arranged on the end face of virtual impactor 3, is 15mm with the interior diameter of filtration inner chamber 10 junction.
The bottom surface of the conical tube of taper input pipe 9 overlaps with the bottom surface filtering inner chamber 10.The cylindrical tube of taper input pipe 9 and the axle of conical tube, the axle filtering inner chamber 10 and the axle exporting straight tube 11 overlap (on connecting cylinder body or cone, the straight line in the bottom surface center of circle is called axle).
Illustrate the principle of work of gas fine particle enrichment method device below.Water-bath selected by humidifier 1, and water-bath is by the method such as adding a cover and the external world closes.Water-bath, built with the water of some, forms a cavity above the water surface.The temperature of water can be made to remain on higher than environment temperature 3 DEG C to 5 DEG C by intermittence heating.(this gas can be contaminated air to gas containing particle, also can be laboratory exhaust gas, industrial gaseous waste etc.Containing unequigranular particle in this gas, existing fine particle, also has larger particle, and the distribution of particle is also uneven) enter in the cavity of water-bath from the gas input port water-bath.Under the effect of the first aspiration pump 7 and the second aspiration pump 8, the cavity of water-bath is in negative pressure, gas enters water-bath in (from top to bottom rectilinear motion) state of impact, bulky grain thing now in gas under gravity line motion impact to the water surface, the water surface has adhesive attraction, and therefore bulky grain thing is left in water.And the fine particle in gas parabolically moves under aerodynamic effect, owing to being full of water vapour in cavity, fine particle floats to after in cavity and is wrapped up by water vapour.Water vapour makes the gas containing particle be heated with mixing of the gas containing particle, and relative humidity reaches more than 90%, and some the bulky grain things simultaneously in gas are removed.Under the effect of the first aspiration pump 7 and the second aspiration pump 8, mixed gas rises in cooling tube 2 (flowing from bottom to top), cooled in uphill process, is condensed in the process of cooling by the fine particle that water vapour wraps up, the particle of condensation constantly collides, and its particle diameter is constantly grown up.
Mixed gas, by after cooling tube 2, is inputted in virtual impactor 3 by taper input pipe 9.Mixed gas inputs in the filtration inner chamber 10 of virtual impactor 3 by taper input pipe 9, along with taper input pipe 9 conical tube internal diameter reduces gradually, gas flow rate improves constantly, according to gas dynamics, the particle speed that in gas, particle diameter is less is faster, reaches the fastest when gas flows out hourly velocity from taper input pipe 9.Filter the suction accelerating effect that inner chamber 10 forms the gas to the fine particle that condenses in cooling tube 2 under the effect of the first aspiration pump 7, done work by aerodynamic side force simultaneously, bulky grain thing does parabolic motion, so just achieves the screening and filtering to bulky grain thing.Fine particle due to speed fast, can enter under the effect of the second aspiration pump 8 and export straight tube 11, become the crude product from exporting straight tube 11 and exporting.
Crude product enters counter-flow drier 4, and counter-flow drier 4 pairs of crude products carry out drying, and the moisture now in crude product is completely absorbed, and what export from gas delivery port is the gas (i.e. final product) of fine particle containing enrichment method.
As can be seen from description above, in technical solution of the present invention, virtual impactor 3 serves vital effect.Show the commissioning experience of virtual impactor 3, reach the concentrated effect of maximum 30 times of fine particle in gas, each size of before described virtual impactor 3 is most preferably numerical value.If relative dimensions changes, in gas, the concentrated effect of fine particle will decline, therefore, realize gas fine particle enrichment method device, on the basis of virtual impactor 3 most preferably size, the size of humidifier 1, cooling tube 2, counter-flow drier 4 etc. can be determined, makes it cooperating.
In order to reach good cooling effect, cooling tube 2 has inside and outside two chambeies, and mixed gas flows in the lumen from bottom to top, and exocoel cools (namely cooling the gas flowed in inner chamber) by liquid-circulating to inner chamber.In order to also comprise constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 with cooling tube 2 with the use of, gas fine particle enrichment method device, constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 is provided with input port and delivery outlet, and input port and delivery outlet are connected with upper interface with the lower interface of cooling tube 2 exocoel respectively.Liquid for circularly cooling in constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 is the mixed liquor that water and ethylene glycol mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the temperature of the mixed liquor that constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 exports is between-1 DEG C to-5 DEG C.The input port of constant temperature refrigeration tank 5 is connected with upper interface with the lower interface of cooling tube 2 exocoel respectively with delivery outlet, can form closed circuit.
Gas fine particle enrichment method device also comprises particle hybrid chamber 6.Counter-flow drier 4 is connected with the second aspiration pump 8 by particle hybrid chamber 6.Now, the gas delivery port be located on counter-flow drier 4 is changed be located on particle hybrid chamber 6.
Particle hybrid chamber 6 can select hollow cylinder, and the volume of hollow cylinder hollow parts is greater than 15L (hollow parts, except connecting counter-flow drier 4, second aspiration pump 8 and gas delivery port, is closed relative to external environment).Crude product in counter-flow drier 4 after drying, more fully mixes in particle hybrid chamber 6.Particle hybrid chamber 6 is particularly suitable for multichannel design.So-called multichannel design, the cooling tube 2, virtual impactor 3, counter-flow drier 4 and the first aspiration pump 7 that refer in gas fine particle enrichment method device be set to multiple (if necessary, humidifier 1 is also set to multiple), multiple counter-flow drier 4 is connected with same particle hybrid chamber 6 respectively.Each cooling tube 2, virtual impactor 3, counter-flow drier 4 and the first aspiration pump 7 form an independently gas circuit.Gas fine particle enrichment method apparatus design is that multiple gas circuit works simultaneously, obviously can the amount of aggrandizement apparatus enrichment method fine particle in the unit interval.The crude product of multiple gas circuit, after counter-flow drier 4 drying of each gas circuit, mixes fully in particle hybrid chamber 6, is re-used as final product and exports, can ensure that the fine particle in final product has higher uniformity coefficient.
Fig. 2 gives the structural representation of a gas fine particle enrichment method device, contains all parts described in embodiment in figure.From gas input port input in Fig. 2 is contaminated air.
Utilize gas fine particle enrichment method device, gas fine particle concentrated method can be realized.Certainly, realize gas fine particle concentrated method, the gas fine particle enrichment method device not necessarily described by non-usage embodiment, utilize other devices with similar functions can.
Gas fine particle concentrated method, comprising:
Gas containing particle mixes with the water vapour higher than environment temperature.This can realize in humidifier 1.
Mixed gas flows from bottom to top, cooled in flow process.This can realize in cooling tube 2.
Cooled mixed gas inputs virtual impactor 3 from taper input pipe 9, and crude product exports from output straight tube 11.
Dry raw product.This can realize in counter-flow drier 4.
The method of gas fine particle enrichment method, also comprises:
After crude product drying, mix in particle hybrid chamber 6.If gas fine particle enrichment method device adopts multichannel design, gas fine particle concentrated method can comprise this step.
Claims (9)
1. virtual impactor, it is characterized in that, described virtual impactor (3) comprises taper input pipe (9), filters inner chamber (10), exports straight tube (11) and aerodynamic force interface (12), described taper input pipe (9) extends through from the bottom surface of virtual impactor (3) and filters inner chamber (10), and described output straight tube (11) extends through from the end face of virtual impactor (3) and filters inner chamber (10).
2. gas fine particle enrichment method device, it is characterized in that, described device comprises humidifier (1), cooling tube (2), virtual impactor according to claim 1 (3), counter-flow drier (4), first aspiration pump (7) and the second aspiration pump (8), described cooling tube (2) is connected with humidifier (1) and virtual impactor (3) respectively, described virtual impactor (3) is also connected with counter-flow drier (4) and the first aspiration pump (7), described counter-flow drier (4) is also connected with the second aspiration pump (8), described humidifier (1) is also provided with gas input port, described counter-flow drier (4) is also provided with gas delivery port.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described taper input pipe (9) is connected with cooling tube (2), described output straight tube (11) is connected with counter-flow drier (4), and described aerodynamic force interface (12) is for being communicated with the first aspiration pump (7) with filtration inner chamber (10).
4. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described cooling tube (2) has inside and outside two chambeies, and exocoel is cooled inner chamber by liquid-circulating; Described device also comprises constant temperature refrigeration tank (5), and the input port of described constant temperature refrigeration tank (5) is connected with upper interface with the lower interface of cooling tube (2) exocoel respectively with delivery outlet.
5. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is filled with dried particles in described counter-flow drier (4).
6. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises particle hybrid chamber (6), described counter-flow drier (4) is connected with the second aspiration pump (8) by particle hybrid chamber (6), is changed by the gas delivery port be located on counter-flow drier (4) and is located on particle hybrid chamber (6).
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described cooling tube (2), virtual impactor (3), counter-flow drier (4) and the first aspiration pump (7) are for multiple, and multiple counter-flow drier (4) is connected with same particle hybrid chamber (6) respectively.
8. gas fine particle concentrated method, comprising:
Gas containing particle mixes with the water vapour higher than environment temperature;
Mixed gas flows from bottom to top, cooled in flow process;
Cooled mixed gas is from taper input pipe (9) input virtual impactor (3) according to claim 1, and crude product exports from output straight tube (11);
Dry raw product.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: after crude product drying, mixing in particle hybrid chamber (6) according to claim 6.
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| CN111855375B (en) * | 2020-07-26 | 2024-04-23 | 复旦大学 | Online atmospheric fine particulate matter concentrating and collecting device and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20190115 Address after: 100068 Beijing Fengtai District, Ma Jiabao Road 180, 4th floor 539 Patentee after: Beijing Xinlian Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100176 4th Floor 404, No. 1 Building, No. 5 Ronghua Road, Beijing Daxing District, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone Patentee before: Xia Yu time technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. |