Summary of the invention
technical matters to be solved by this invention is the problem for prior art, provides the cold-flow test device that a kind of exhaust system back pressure is tested.
for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
a kind of cold-flow test device of exhaust system back pressure test, comprise for generation of the compressed air source unit of air-flow, the cooling device cooled for the air-flow produced described compressed air source unit, valving, test feedback assembly and control device for matching four cylinder engine drain tap, described compressed air source unit, described cooling device are communicated with by pipeline successively with described valving, and described compressed air source unit, described cooling device are connected with described control device respectively with described valving, described valving is communicated with tested sample.
preferably, described cooling device adopts water circulation cooling device, and described water circulation cooling device comprises the water pump and condenser that are connected by pipeline, and described condenser and described compressed air source unit are by pipeline communication, and described water pump is connected with described control device.
preferably, described valving comprises four-way arm, valve, the valve positioner be separately positioned on each arm of described four-way arm, described valve is connected with described control device by described valve positioner, is controlled the opening and closing of described valve with the on-off action of matching four cylinder engine drain tap by described control device.
further, institute's valve is operated pneumatic valve, and described valving also comprises gas cylinder, and described operated pneumatic valve is connected with described gas cylinder by described valve positioner.
further, described valve is mechanical valve.
preferably, described cold-flow test device also comprises the stable stable-pressure device of stream pressure that described compressed air source unit is produced, described stable-pressure device comprises buffer tank and by-pass valve, described buffer tank is arranged between described cooling device and described valving, and described by-pass valve is arranged between described compressed air source unit and described buffer tank.
further, described test feedback assembly is arranged on the pipeline between described buffer tank and described valving, described test feedback assembly comprises the pressure transducer for stream pressure in testing conduit, the temperature sensor for gas flow temperature in testing conduit and the flow sensor for air-flow velocity in testing conduit, and described pressure transducer, described temperature sensor, described flow sensor are connected with described control device respectively.
further, described cold-flow test device also comprises the throttling valve be arranged between described buffer tank and described valving, and described throttling valve is connected with described control device.
another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hot back pressure evaluation method, adopt the cold-flow test device to test as described in above-mentioned any one, described cold-flow test device is communicated with the exhaust system of described tested sample, described exhaust system comprises the exhaust manifold be communicated with successively by pipeline, one stage catalyzing device, secondary catalyst converter, prime sound suppressor and rear class sound suppressor, described exhaust manifold is communicated with the described valving of described cold-flow test device, pipeline between described exhaust manifold and described one stage catalyzing device is provided with the first measuring point, pipeline between described one stage catalyzing device and described secondary catalyst converter is provided with the second measuring point, pipeline between described secondary catalyst converter and described prime sound suppressor is provided with the 3rd measuring point, pipeline between described prime sound suppressor and described rear class sound suppressor is provided with the 4th measuring point, tail pipe after described rear class sound suppressor is provided with the 5th measuring point.
further, described evaluation method is:
(1) the specified air-mass flow of described exhaust system is determined;
(2) described cold-flow test device is under specified air-mass flow operating mode, tests the back pressure of each measuring point of described exhaust system under cold flow state;
(3) described exhaust system first pressure loss under cold flow state at different levels is calculated;
(4) described exhaust system the first atmospheric density under cold flow state at different levels is calculated;
(5) confirm the exhaust caliber of each point position according to described exhaust system structure, and calculate first flow velocity of each measuring point under cold flow state;
(6) the described exhaust system pressure drop coefficient under cold flow state at different levels is calculated;
(7) described exhaust system temperature at different levels is estimated according to engine parameter and described exhaust system structure, and the second atmospheric density at different levels under calculating State of Thermal Liquid Based;
(8) according to second flow velocity of each measuring point of exhaust PIPE DIAMETER CALCULATION under State of Thermal Liquid Based of described each point position of exhaust system;
(9) second pressure loss at different levels is calculated according to the pressure drop coefficient under the second flow velocity at different levels, the second atmospheric density and cold flow state;
(10) the total back pressure under described exhaust system State of Thermal Liquid Based is calculated.
due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: the cold-flow test device of exhaust system back pressure test of the present invention can be predicted the back pressure of exhaust system in testing laboratory, and equipment cost is lower, simple to operate, and be not subject to the restriction of extraneous objective condition; According to the test data under cold flow state, stand back pressure is estimated simultaneously, make cold flow test data more suit engine actual measurement backpressure data.
Embodiment
below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
the cold-flow test device of exhaust system back pressure test shown in Figure 1, comprise compressed air source unit 1, cooling device 2, valving 3, test feedback assembly and control device 4, compressed air source unit 1, cooling device 2 are communicated with by pipeline successively with valving 3, and compressed air source unit 1, cooling device 2 are connected with control device 4 respectively with valving 3, valving 3 is communicated with tested sample.
compressed air source unit 1 is for generation of air-flow, and in the present embodiment, compressed air source unit 1 adopts roots blower.
cooling device 2 cools for the air-flow produced roots blower, in the present embodiment, cooling device adopts water circulation cooling device, this water circulation cooling device comprises condenser 21 and water pump 22, condenser 21 is arranged on the pipeline between compressed air source unit 1 and valving 3, water pump 22 and condenser 21 pass through pipeline communication, water pump 22 is connected with control device 4 simultaneously, the unlatching of water pump 22 is controlled by control device 4, to make water circulation cooling device work, the control flow of cooling device 2 as shown in Figure 2.
valving 3 comprises four-way arm 31, the valve 32 be separately positioned on each arm of four-way arm 31, valve positioner 33, four-way arm 31 and condenser 21 pass through pipeline communication, valve 32 is connected with control device 4 by valve positioner 33, by the opening and closing of control device 4 by-pass valve control 32, comprise the moment of the gate cycle of each valve 32, sequence of movement and opening and closing, with the on-off action of matching four cylinder engine drain tap, thus under the do action of valve 32, produce order air pulse.Valve 32 can adopt operated pneumatic valve or mechanical valve, when valve 32 adopts operated pneumatic valve, this valving 3 also comprises the gas cylinder 34 for providing power to operated pneumatic valve opening and closing, gas cylinder 34 is communicated with operated pneumatic valve by valve positioner 33, and when valve 32 adopts operated pneumatic valve, the control flow of valving 3 as shown in Figure 3.
test feedback assembly is arranged on the pipeline between condenser 21 and four-way arm 31, test feedback assembly comprises the pressure transducer 51 for stream pressure in testing conduit, temperature sensor 52 for gas flow temperature in testing conduit and the flow sensor 53 for air-flow velocity in testing conduit, pressure transducer 51, temperature sensor 52, flow sensor 53 is connected with control device 4 respectively, by pressure transducer 51, the diameter of the data that temperature sensor 52 and flow sensor 53 record and pipeline calculates ducted mass rate, and compare with the reference value of mass rate that sets in control device 4, to control the rotating speed of roots blower, the control flow of test feedback assembly as shown in Figure 4.
the air-flow produced for making roots blower is more stable, airflow fluctuation is avoided to have an impact to test, this cold-flow test device also comprises stable-pressure device, stable-pressure device comprises buffer tank 61, buffer tank 61 is arranged on the pipeline between condenser 21 and four-way arm 31, along air current flow direction, pressure transducer 51, temperature sensor 52 and flow sensor 53 are separately positioned on the pipeline after buffer tank 61.This stable-pressure device also comprises by-pass valve 62; along air current flow direction; by-pass valve 62 is arranged on the pipeline before buffer tank 61; by-pass valve 62 is connected with control device 4; when the pressure of the air-flow that roots blower produces exceedes certain pressure value, control device 4 controls by-pass valve 62 and carries out pressure release, is stabilized in certain pressure value to make the stream pressure in buffer tank 61; the effect of this cold-flow test equipment safety of protection can be played, with the damage avoiding high pressure draught to cause each device simultaneously.
this cold-flow test device also comprises the throttling valve 7 on the pipeline that is arranged between buffer tank 61 and four-way arm 31, throttling valve 7 is connected with control device 4, controlled the opening and closing of throttling valve 7 by control device 4, when throttling valve 7 is opened, the gas channel between buffer tank 61 with four-way arm 31 is communicated with.
the course of work of this cold-flow test device is as follows:
(1) control device 4 controls the electric power starting of water pump 22, and condenser 21 starts water circulation and cools air-flow;
(2) control device 4 controls the electric power starting of roots blower, and roots blower enters treats duty;
(3) control device 4 controls the unlatching of throttling valve 7, and the air-flow after buffer tank 61 voltage stabilizing begins through four-way arm 31 and enters tested sample;
(4) pressure transducer 51, temperature sensor 52 and flow sensor 53 start detected temperatures, pressure and flow velocity signal and feed back in control device 4;
(5) electric power starting of control device 4 by-pass valve control controller 33, startup valve 32 enters treats duty;
(6) gate cycle and the sequence of operation of valve 32 are set in control device 4;
(7) control device 4 calculates the opening and closing moment of each valve 32, and is started working by valve positioner 33 by-pass valve control 32;
(8) air-flow produces air pulse under valve 32 sampling action;
(9) in control device 4, set the reference value of gas mass flows;
(10) calculate according to the signal such as pressure, temperature, flow velocity of feedback the mass flow value detected in control device 4;
(11) control device 4 compares calculated mass flow value and reference value, and is adjusted by the rotating speed of comparative result to roots blower;
(12) control device 4 compares the calculated mass flow value after adjustment and reference value again, and again adjusts the rotating speed of roots blower, until the mass flow value calculated and reference value reach unanimity substantially.
the exhaust system of automobile generally comprises the exhaust manifold 81 be communicated with successively by pipeline, one stage catalyzing device 82, secondary catalyst converter 83, prime sound suppressor 84 and rear class sound suppressor 85, when adopting the hot back pressure of above-mentioned cold-flow test device to test automobile exhaust system, exhaust manifold 81 is communicated with the four-way arm 31 of cold-flow test device, pipeline between exhaust manifold 81 and one stage catalyzing device 82 is provided with the first measuring point 91, pipeline between one stage catalyzing device 82 and secondary catalyst converter 83 is provided with the second measuring point 92, pipeline between secondary catalyst converter 83 and prime sound suppressor 84 is provided with the 3rd measuring point 93, pipeline between prime sound suppressor 84 and rear class sound suppressor 85 is provided with the 4th measuring point 94, tail pipe after rear class sound suppressor 85 is provided with the 5th measuring point 95, in detail as shown in Figure 5.The concrete computing method of hot back pressure are as follows:
(1) first search the model of mating engine with exhaust system and type, confirm the specified air-mass flow value m mating engine with this exhaust system, this mass flow value m is the reference value of the mass rate that control device 4 sets;
(2) rotating speed of roots blower is adjusted by control device 4, make the mass flow value that calculates in cold-flow test device and reference value basically identical, under this operating mode, the cold conditions back pressure of each measuring point of test exhaust system, namely tests back pressure P1, the back pressure P2 of secondary catalyst converter 83 front end at exhaust manifold 81 place, the back pressure P3 of prime sound suppressor 84 front end, the back pressure P4 of rear class sound suppressor 85 front end, the back pressure P5 of rear class sound suppressor 85 rear end;
(3) exhaust system first pressure loss under cold flow state at different levels is calculated by the back pressure test data of each measuring point in step (2), specific as follows:
first pressure loss of one stage catalyzing device is ,
;
first pressure loss of secondary catalyst converter is ,
;
first pressure loss of prime sound suppressor is ,
;
first pressure loss of rear class sound suppressor is ,
;
first pressure loss of tail pipe is ,
;
(4) the first atmospheric density under cold flow state is calculated
, specific formula for calculation is as follows:
(5) confirm exhaust caliber D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 of each point position according to exhaust system structure, and calculate first flow velocity of each measuring point under cold flow state by following formula
,
,
,
,
;
(6) pressure drop coefficient under cold flow state at different levels is calculated, specific as follows:
one stage catalyzing device pressure drop coefficient
,
secondary catalyst converter pressure drop coefficient
,
prime sound suppressor pressure drop coefficient
,
rear class sound suppressor pressure drop coefficient
,
tailpipe pressure loss coefficient
,
(7) the temperature t1 of each measuring point of exhaust system, t2, t3, t4, t5 the second atmospheric density of each measuring point under calculating State of Thermal Liquid Based is estimated according to engine parameter and exhaust system structure
,
,
,
,
, the same step of computing method (4);
(8) according to exhaust caliber D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and second flow velocity of each measuring point under State of Thermal Liquid Based is calculated ,
,
,
,
, the same step of computing method (
5);
(9) second pressure loss at different levels is calculated according to the pressure drop coefficient under the second flow velocitys at different levels, the second atmospheric density and the cold flow state under State of Thermal Liquid Based, specific as follows:
one stage catalyzing device second pressure loss , ;
secondary catalyst converter second pressure loss ,
;
prime sound suppressor second pressure loss , ;
rear class sound suppressor second pressure loss , ;
tail pipe second pressure loss , ;
(10) calculate the total back pressure of exhaust system under State of Thermal Liquid Based, total back pressure be second pressure loss at different levels and, specific as follows:
。
so far the measuring and calculating of the hot back pressure of exhaust system is completed.
to sum up, a kind of cold-flow test device for exhaust back pressure test provided by the invention, equipment cost is lower, and energy consumption is little, and is not subject to the restriction of extraneous objective condition, can be used for the comparative analysis of exhaust back pressure in exhaust acoustical match performance history; The exhaust back pressure test unit of the present embodiment design produces air quantity by roots blower, and is cooled air quantity by water circulation, overcomes generation thermal source when roots blower works long hours and has an impact to gas source temperature and test error; The exhaust back pressure test unit of the present embodiment design is provided with buffer tank, makes roots blower produce source of the gas more stable, avoids source of the gas to fluctuate and has an impact to test; The exhaust back pressure test unit of the present embodiment design is provided with four valves, controls to form a set of drain tap control system, for the on-off action of matching four cylinder engine drain tap, enable cold-flow test device produce order air pulse by control device; And the method by the hot back pressure of Cold flow test data estimation provided by the invention, make Cold flow test data more suit the measured data of engine.
above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.