CN105063474B - A kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire - Google Patents
A kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire, including electric furnace smelting operation, ladle refining operation and continuous small-billet casting operation.Key process technology includes the efficient deep dephosphorization technology of electric furnace smelting, specifically includes slagging regime, temperature schedule and the stream slag system of early stage high efficiency dephosphorating；Ladle refining high-efficiency desulfurization technology, smelts overall process and prohibits the use of aluminium deoxidation, specifically includes control, the control of soft mixing time of refinery cinder composition；Continuous small-billet casting operation includes control, the control of cooling procedure of the continuous casting degree of superheat and pulling rate.Using smelting process of the invention, it is simple to operate, a kind of low production cost, it is possible to provide the continuous casting billet of the high-purity welding wire steel of low silicon low aluminum phosphorus content of silicone content less than 0.03%, aluminium content less than 0.003%, phosphorus content less than 0.008%, sulfur content less than 0.006%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of steel metallurgy, it is related to a kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire.
Background technology
Power station structure is because of its severe running environment, it is desirable to which it has high safety coefficient, therefore construction material is carried
Go out tightened up requirement, such as degree of purity requirement to steel used and supporting wlding is high.The elements such as S, P, Al, Si can make weldering
The fragility of joint increases, increase weld cracking tendency.Therefore, some power stations with welding wire steel requirement have relatively low S, P, Al,
Si contents.Because dephosphorisation reaction needs to be carried out in high alkalinity, high oxidative slag environment in molten steel smelting process, while dephosphorization
It is easily caused molten steel peroxidating, it is therefore necessary to strengthen deoxidation in subsequent smelting, and Al, Si contain as strong deoxidant element at it
When measuring relatively low, easily cause deoxidation insufficient, so as to further influence desulphurization reaction.Therefore, molten steel when producing low Si, low P steel
Dephosphorization, deoxidation and desulphurization reaction it is whard to control, and be finally difficult to smelt the steel for welding wire of high cleanliness.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire, specifically, it is possible to provide a kind of silicon
Low silicon of the content less than 0.03%, aluminium content less than 0.003%, phosphorus content less than 0.008%, sulfur content less than 0.006% is low
The smelting process of the high-purity welding wire steel of aluminium low phosphorus content.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of smelting process of steel for welding wire, the chemical composition of steel is by weight percentage：0.05%≤C≤
0.09%th, Si≤0.03%, 0.55%≤Mn≤0.65%, S≤0.006%, P≤0.008%, Cr≤0.08%, Ni≤
0.08%th, Cu≤0.08%, Mo≤0.02%, Al≤0.003%, balance of Fe and inevitable impurity, specifically include electricity
Stove smelting procedure, ladle refining operation and continuous small-billet casting operation.
1) in the electric furnace smelting operation, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, hot metal ratio >=70%；Whole process takes oxygen supply
Blowing mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, controls lime adding amount >=23kg/t, molten bath temperature
≤ 1560 DEG C of degree；Can go out when carbon content≤0.06%, phosphorus content≤0.006%, temperature are 1600~1640 DEG C in molten bath
Steel；When tap reaches the 15~20% of total tap according to the order of " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " to steel
Alloy and slag charge are added in bag, is forbidden plus aluminium or the alloy containing aluminium；
2) lime, fluorite, calcium carbide regulation refining slag ingredient are added in the ladle refining operation, in refining process, by stove
The percentage by weight that slag is mainly constituted is controlled in 50%≤CaO≤55%, Al2O3≤ 8%, 15%≤SiO2≤ 20%, 6%≤
MgO≤10%, 15%≤CaF2≤ 20%, MnO+T.Fe≤1.5%；And molten steel temperature is adjusted to 1593~1603 DEG C, steel
Chemical composition be adjusted to by weight percentage：C 0.05~0.09, Si≤0.03, Mn 0.55~0.65, S≤0.006, P
≤ 0.008, Cr≤0.08%, Ni≤0.08%, Cu≤0.08%, Mo≤0.02%, Al≤0.003%；Refining time is many
In 35 minutes, the white slag time was no less than 15 minutes；Refining terminates the soft stirring of rear Argon, and the soft mixing time of Argon is no less than 10 points
Clock；
3) in the continuous small-billet casting operation, casting process is cast using whole process protection, and tundish is using liquid-solid double-deck knot
Structure coverture is protected；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 20~40 DEG C；Pulling rate is 2.2~2.6m/min.
Further, in the electric furnace smelting operation, blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, takes the principle of batch charging,
According to the silicone content of molten iron, lime adding amount is controlled for 23~30kg/t, control to start the stream slag time for blowing starts 15 minutes
After, and T.Fe content >=20% in basicity of slag >=2.0, slag when making stream slag, make bath temperature≤1560 DEG C, the phosphorus in molten bath
Content≤0.02%.
Further, in the electric furnace smelting operation, the addition of alloy and the dissolved oxygen mass fraction of eaf tapping point molten steel
Meet following relation：W (ferrosilicon)=(8~15) × [%O]/(silicone content in ferrosilicon), W (low-carbon ferromanganese)=(70~85) ×
[%O]/(manganese content in low-carbon ferromanganese)
Further, in the refining procedure, the method for controlling refining slag main component is to add stone in electric furnace steel tapping process
0~5kg/t of ash；Refining process is dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite and calcium carbide according to slag and deoxygenation of liquid steel situation, and control lime adds
Enter amount for 5~10kg/t, fluorite addition be 2~7kg/t, calcium carbide addition be 0.2~1kg/t.
Further, in the continuous small-billet casting operation, secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and each area's water is with pulling rate v's
Relation is as follows：One area's water be v × (55~65) L/min, two area's waters be v × (68~78) L/min, three area's waters be v ×
(18~24) L/min, four area's waters are v × (14~20) L/min.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that：
In electric furnace Primary period, by controlling when lime Adding Way, lime adding amount, controlling stream slag time and stream slag
Basicity of slag, reaches the effect for improving electric furnace early stage dephosphorization rate, alleviates the dephosphorization pressure of subsequent high temperature smelting process, final real
Dephosphorization target of the eaf tapping point phosphorus content less than 0.006% is showed.
In electric furnace steel tapping and refining process, by not using aluminium deoxidation, and Al in slag is controlled2O3Content is less than 8%,
Reduce (the Al of reaction 3 [Si]+2 between slag2O3(the SiO of)=32)+4 [Al], aluminium content is less than in having reached control steel
0.003% target.
By the slag composition of precise control ladle refining, basicity of slag is improved, Si contents are relatively low in molten steel is ensured
Under the premise of, reach SiO in reduction slag2The purpose of activity, improves the deoxidation effect of molten steel；Meanwhile, by controlling slag in
Suitable CaF2Content, reduces slag melting, it is ensured that the mobility of slag, improves slag desulfurization capacity and desulfuration efficiency, protects
The desulfurized effect of molten steel is demonstrate,proved.
The electric furnace smelting method of the low silicon low aluminum phosphorus welding wire that the present invention is provided, production cost shorter with technological process
Relatively low beneficial effect, solves conventional method and is difficult to production while requiring low silicon, low aluminium, low-phosphorous and low-sulphur steel problem.
Specific embodiment
Using smelting process of the invention continuously 3 are produced in steelshop using 140mm × 140mm sections continuous casting square billet
Stove, including 110t electric furnace smeltings operation, ladle refining operation and continuous small-billet casting operation, concrete technology method are as follows：
1) in the electric furnace smelting operation, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, hot metal ratio >=70%；Whole process takes oxygen supply
Blowing mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, the principle of batch charging is taken, according to molten iron
Silicone content, controls lime adding amount >=23kg/t, control to start the stream slag time for after 15 minutes, and slag alkali when making stream slag
T.Fe content >=20% in degree >=2.0, slag；Aforesaid operations measure is taken, makes bath temperature≤1560 DEG C, the phosphorus content in molten bath≤
0.02%, the dephosphorization efficiency of early stage is increased substantially, mitigate the dephosphorization pressure of subsequent smelting；When carbon content in molten bath≤
0.06%th, can be tapped when phosphorus content≤0.006%, temperature are 1600~1640 DEG C；When tap reaches the 15 of total tap
Order when~20% according to " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " is forbidden plus aluminium to alloy and slag charge is added in ladle
Or the alloy containing aluminium, in blowing beginning to blowing 30 minutes, the principle of batch charging is taken, according to the silicone content of molten iron, control
Lime adding amount is 23~30kg/t, after control to start the stream slag time for blowing beginning 15 minutes, and slag when making stream slag
T.Fe content >=20% in basicity >=2.0, slag, makes bath temperature≤1560 DEG C, phosphorus content≤0.02% in molten bath；Alloy plus
Enter amount and meet following relation with the dissolved oxygen mass fraction of eaf tapping point molten steel：W (ferrosilicon)=(8~15) × [%O]/(ferrosilicon
In silicone content), W (low-carbon ferromanganese)=(70~85) × [%O]/(manganese content in low-carbon ferromanganese)；
2) in the ladle refining operation, refining process is dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite according to slag and deoxygenation of liquid steel situation
And calcium carbide regulation refining slag ingredient, it is 2~7kg/t, calcium carbide addition for 5~10kg/t, fluorite addition to control lime adding amount
It is 0.2~1kg/t to measure, and the percentage by weight that slag is mainly constituted is controlled in 50%≤CaO≤55%, Al2O3≤ 8%, 15%
≤SiO2≤ 20%, 6%≤MgO≤10%, 15%≤CaF2≤ 20%, MnO+T.Fe≤1.5%；And adjust molten steel temperature and
To desired value, no less than 35 minutes, the white slag time was no less than 15 minutes refining time other constituent contents；Refining terminates rear Argon
Soft stirring, the soft mixing time of Argon is no less than 10 minutes；
3) in the continuous small-billet casting operation, the section of small billet is 140mm × 140mm；Casting process is protected using whole
Shield casting, tundish is protected using liquid-solid double-decker coverture；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 20~40 DEG C；Draw
Speed is 2.2~2.6m/min；Secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and each area's water is as follows with the relation of pulling rate v：One area's water is
V × (55~65) L/min, two area's waters are v × (68~78) L/min, and three area's waters are v × (18~24) L/min, four area's water
It is v × (14~20) L/min to measure.
The present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
During electric furnace smelting, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, and wherein iron water amount is 85t, and high-quality steel scrap amount is 27t, iron
Water ratio is 76%；Whole process takes oxygen supply blowing mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, takes point
The principle of charging is criticized, lime adds total amount 2780kg, start the stream slag time and start 16 minutes to blow, basicity of slag during stream slag
It is 2.1, T.Fe contents 30% in slag；When blowing starts 30 minutes, bath temperature is 1534 DEG C, and molten bath phosphorus content is
0.0162%；Carbon content is that 0.043%, phosphorus content is that 0.0056%, temperature is tapped when being 1607 DEG C in molten bath；Tap is total
Tap 17% when according to " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " order in ladle add alloy and slag charge, its
Middle ferrosilicon addition is 130kg, and low-carbon ferromanganese addition is 510kg, and lime adding amount is 320kg.
During ladle refining, according to slag and deoxygenation of liquid steel situation, be dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite and calcium carbide adjust refining slag into
Point, refining process lime addition total amount is 800kg, fluorite addition is 450kg, calcium carbide addition is 50kg, and slag is main
The percentage by weight of composition is controlled in CaO：53.2%th, Al2O3：5.6%th, SiO2：15.4%th, MgO：6.9%th, CaF2：
16.7%th, MnO：0.31%th, T.Fe：0.65%；And molten steel temperature and other constituent contents to desired value are adjusted, refine total time
It it is 41 minutes, the white slag time is 18 minutes；Refining terminates the soft stirring of rear Argon, and the soft mixing time of Argon is 12 minutes.
During continuous small-billet casting, casting process is cast using whole process protection, and tundish is entered using liquid-solid double-decker coverture
Row protection；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 30-36 DEG C；Pulling rate is 2.4m/min；Secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and two is cold
Duan Ge areas water is as follows：One area's water is 144L/min, and two area's waters are 175L/min, and three area's waters are 50L/min, four area's water
It is 40L/min to measure.
The finished product composition that steel is measured after the completion of casting is C：0.067%th, Si：0.01%th, Mn：0.60%th, S：0.0034%th,
P：0.0067%th, Cr：0.05%th, Ni：0.04%th, Cu：0.03%th, Mo：0.005%th, Al：0.0024%.
Embodiment two
During electric furnace smelting, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, and wherein iron water amount is 87t, and high-quality steel scrap amount is 25t, iron
Water ratio is 78%；Whole process takes oxygen supply blowing mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, takes point
The principle of charging is criticized, lime adds total amount 1850kg, start the stream slag time and start 18 minutes to blow, basicity of slag during stream slag
It is 2.2, T.Fe contents 28% in slag；When blowing starts 30 minutes, bath temperature is 1550 DEG C, and molten bath phosphorus content is
0.0186%；Carbon content is that 0.055%, phosphorus content is that 0.0052%, temperature is tapped when being 1614 DEG C in molten bath；Tap is total
Tap 18% when according to " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " order in ladle add alloy and slag charge, its
Middle ferrosilicon addition is 120kg, and low-carbon ferromanganese addition is 527kg, and lime adding amount is 300kg.
During ladle refining, according to slag and deoxygenation of liquid steel situation, be dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite and calcium carbide adjust refining slag into
Point, refining process lime addition total amount is 580kg, fluorite addition is 400kg, calcium carbide addition is 60kg, and slag is main
The percentage by weight of composition is controlled in CaO：52.1%th, Al2O3：4.3%th, SiO2：16.3%th, MgO：6.2%th, CaF2：
18.4%th, MnO：0.40%th, T.Fe：0.53%；And molten steel temperature and other constituent contents to desired value are adjusted, refine total time
It it is 38 minutes, the white slag time is 17 minutes；Refining terminates the soft stirring of rear Argon, and the soft mixing time of Argon is 12 minutes.
During continuous small-billet casting, casting process is cast using whole process protection, and tundish is entered using liquid-solid double-decker coverture
Row protection；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 23-31 DEG C；Pulling rate is 2.4m/min；Secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and two is cold
Duan Ge areas water is as follows：One area's water is 144L/min, and two area's waters are 175L/min, and three area's waters are 50L/min, four area's water
It is 40L/min to measure.
The finished product composition that steel is measured after the completion of casting is C：0.066%th, Si：0.03%th, Mn：0.59%th, S：0.0055%th,
P：0.0066%th, Cr：0.04%th, Ni：0.04%th, Cu：0.05%th, Mo：0.003%th, Al：0.0025%.
Embodiment three
During electric furnace smelting, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, and wherein iron water amount is 88t, and high-quality steel scrap amount is 24t, iron
Water ratio is 79%；Whole process takes oxygen supply blowing mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, takes point
The principle of charging is criticized, lime adds total amount 2440kg, start the stream slag time and start 18 minutes to blow, basicity of slag during stream slag
It is 2.0, T.Fe contents 27% in slag；When blowing starts 30 minutes, bath temperature is 1527 DEG C, and molten bath phosphorus content is
0.0173%；Carbon content is that 0.048%, phosphorus content is that 0.0050%, temperature is tapped when being 1619 DEG C in molten bath；Tap is total
Tap 17% when according to " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " order in ladle add alloy and slag charge, its
Middle ferrosilicon addition is 125kg, and low-carbon ferromanganese addition is 512kg, and lime adding amount is 308kg.
During ladle refining, according to slag and deoxygenation of liquid steel situation, be dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite and calcium carbide adjust refining slag into
Point, refining process lime addition total amount is 575kg, fluorite addition is 425kg, calcium carbide addition is 65kg, and slag is main
The percentage by weight of composition is controlled in CaO：50.5%th, Al2O3：6.4%th, SiO2：15.2%th, MgO：8.0%th, CaF2：
15.8%th, MnO：0.26%th, T.Fe：0.72%；And molten steel temperature and other constituent contents to desired value are adjusted, refine total time
It it is 37 minutes, the white slag time is 17 minutes；Refining terminates the soft stirring of rear Argon, and the soft mixing time of Argon is 12 minutes.
During continuous small-billet casting, casting process is cast using whole process protection, and tundish is entered using liquid-solid double-decker coverture
Row protection；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 25-32 DEG C；Pulling rate is 2.4m/min；Secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and two is cold
Duan Ge areas water is as follows：One area's water is 144L/min, and two area's waters are 175L/min, and three area's waters are 50L/min, four area's water
It is 40L/min to measure.
The finished product composition that steel is measured after the completion of casting is C：0.064%th, Si：0.02%th, Mn：0.58%th, S：0.0038%th,
P：0.0061%th, Cr：0.06%, Ni：0.06%th, Cu：0.04%th, Mo：0.004%th, Al：0.0022%.
Embodiment described above only expresses specific embodiment of the invention, but can not be therefore understands that being to the present invention
The limitation of the scope of the claims.Those skilled in the art falls under the enlightenment of present inventive concept to any variation that the present invention is done
Within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire, the chemical composition of steel is by weight percentage：C0.05~0.09, Si
≤ 0.03, Mn0.55~0.65, S≤0.006, P≤0.008, Cr≤0.08%, Ni≤0.08%, Cu≤0.08%, Mo≤
0.02%th, Al≤0.003%, balance of Fe and inevitable impurity, specifically include electric furnace smelting operation, ladle refining operation
With continuous small-billet casting operation, it is characterised in that
1) in the electric furnace smelting operation, burden structure includes molten iron and steel scrap, hot metal ratio >=70%；Whole process takes oxygen supply to blow
Mode, the whole no power of blowing；Blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, control lime adding amount >=23kg/t, and bath temperature≤
1560℃；Can be tapped when carbon content≤0.06%, phosphorus content≤0.006%, temperature are 1600~1640 DEG C in molten bath；When
Tap is when reaching the 15~20% of total tap according to the order of " ferrosilicon → low-carbon ferromanganese → lime → fluorite " in ladle
Alloy and slag charge are added, is forbidden plus aluminium or the alloy containing aluminium；
2) lime, fluorite, calcium carbide regulation refining slag ingredient are added in the ladle refining operation, in refining process, by slag master
The percentage by weight to be constituted is controlled in 50%≤CaO≤55%, Al2O3≤ 8%, 15%≤SiO2≤ 20%, 6%≤MgO≤
10%th, 15%≤CaF2≤ 20%, MnO+T.Fe≤1.5%；And molten steel temperature is adjusted to 1593~1603 DEG C, the chemistry of steel
Composition is adjusted to by weight percentage：C 0.05~0.09, Si≤0.03, Mn 0.55~0.65, S≤0.006, P≤
0.008th, Cr≤0.08%, Ni≤0.08%, Cu≤0.08%, Mo≤0.02%, Al≤0.003%；Refining time is no less than
35 minutes, the white slag time was no less than 15 minutes；Refining terminates the soft stirring of rear Argon, and the soft mixing time of Argon is no less than 10 minutes；
3) in the continuous small-billet casting operation, casting process is cast using whole process protection, and tundish is covered using liquid-solid double-decker
Lid agent is protected；The degree of superheat of tundish molten steel is 20~40 DEG C；Pulling rate is 2.2~2.6m/min.
2. the electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric furnace smelting operation
In, blowing starts to blowing 30 minutes, takes the principle of batch charging, according to the silicone content of molten iron, controls lime adding amount
Basicity of slag >=2.0 when being 23~30kg/t, control to start after the stream slag time starts 15 minutes for blowing, and making stream slag,
T.Fe content >=20% in slag, makes bath temperature≤1560 DEG C, phosphorus content≤0.02% in molten bath.
3. the electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric furnace smelting operation
In, the addition of alloy meets following relation with the dissolved oxygen mass fraction of eaf tapping point molten steel：W (ferrosilicon)=(8~15) ×
[%O]/(silicone content in ferrosilicon), W (low-carbon ferromanganese)=(70~85) × [%O]/(manganese content in low-carbon ferromanganese).
4. the electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the ladle refining operation
The method for controlling refining slag main component is to add 0~5kg/t of lime in electric furnace steel tapping process；Refining process according to slag and
Deoxygenation of liquid steel situation, is dividedly in some parts lime, fluorite and calcium carbide, and it is 2 for 5~10kg/t, fluorite addition to control lime adding amount
~7kg/t, calcium carbide addition are 0.2~1kg/t.
5. the electric furnace smelting method of steel for welding wire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the continuous small-billet casting operation
In, secondary cooling zone takes four sections of refrigerating modes, and each area's water is as follows with the relation of pulling rate v：One area's water is v × (55~65) L/
Min, two area's waters be v × (68~78) L/min, three area's waters be v × (18~24) L/min, four area's waters be v × (14~
20)L/min。
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| JP3887832B2 (en) * | 1994-07-27 | 2007-02-28 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of high strength hot bend steel pipe |
| JP5143799B2 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2013-02-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Steel wire rod for solid wire excellent in pickling property and method for producing the same |
| CN103060513B (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-10-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for smelting tire cord steel and method for continuously casting tire cord steel |
| JP5440744B1 (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2014-03-12 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Flux-cored wire for welding ultra-high strength steel |
| CN103436657A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Welding wire steel smelting process capable of preventing welding spatter |
| CN103882303B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of gas protecting welding wire steel |
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