CN102477472A - Mild steel desulfurization refining method - Google Patents
Mild steel desulfurization refining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102477472A CN102477472A CN2010105673368A CN201010567336A CN102477472A CN 102477472 A CN102477472 A CN 102477472A CN 2010105673368 A CN2010105673368 A CN 2010105673368A CN 201010567336 A CN201010567336 A CN 201010567336A CN 102477472 A CN102477472 A CN 102477472A
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Abstract
The invention provides a mild steel desulphurization refining method with high desulfurization rate and stable desulphurization effect. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: carrying out tapping of molten steel smelted from a converter to steel ladle, and respectively adding alloy and desulphurization refining slag into the molten steel in the steel ladle during the tapping process for molten steel alloying and desulphurization slagging, wherein a slag modifier is added into the ladle slag formed in the steel ladle after the tapping process. By the adoption of the method provided by the invention, oxygen in the molten steel can be effectively removed, oxidability of the ladle slag can be reduced, properties and composition of the ladle slag can be improved, desulfurization efficiency of the molten steel can be greatly improved, and molten mild steel refining desulfurization rate can be ideally and stably controlled within 30-60%, and fluctuation of the sulfur content in finished steel can be minimized. In addition, the content of non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel can be decreased, and purity of the molten steel can be raised.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of desulfurizing and refining method of soft steel.
Background technology
The cleanliness factor of steel is the important symbol of the overall quality level of reflection steel, is the assurance index of the inner quality of steel.The cleanliness factor of steel is estimated by quantity, form and the size of harmful element content and non-metallic inclusion in the steel usually.In order to obtain the steel of " cleaning and pure ", usually to reduce and control S, the T harmful element and the non-metallic inclusions such as [O] of steel, because the result of the single or comprehensive action of these elements, can influence the performance of steel to a great extent.For example sulphur can impel steel to produce thermal crack, reduce impact toughness and erosion resistance; And can impel the generation segregation; Promote the generation of sulfide inclusion; Influence the tensile strength, formability, anisotropy, fatigue property of steel etc., so, in the production of Clean Steel, must reduce the sulphur content in the molten steel.And the sweetening power of converter is quite limited, and all has higher sulphur because of furnace charges such as the lime of going into stove, steel scraps, the converter process often occurs and returns the sulphur phenomenon.So only depend on hot metal pretreatment to be difficult to the stably manufactured low-sulfur steel, therefore, behind converter tapping, also must carry out outside-stove refining dephosphorization to molten steel.And ladle slag modification and composition control techniques are the gordian techniquies of external refining, and the character of ladle slag directly influences the metallurgical effect of refining process.Refining slag has deoxidation, desulfurization, go the effect that is mingled with, and when the alkaline reduction slag contacted with molten steel closely, the numerical value of actual oxygen, sulphur made greater than the numerical value with slag equilibrated oxygen, sulphur that oxygen and sulphur spread in the molten steel in the molten steel in slag.
Development along with the molten steel furnace external refining technology; Research report and related patent U.S. Patent No. about desulfurization refining slag and molten steel furnace external refining desulfurization technology are also more; CN101063178A discloses a kind of method of aluminium deoxidized steel refining desulfuration; This method is in tapping process, to add aluminium block at ladle bottom, and adds refining slag with steel stream, and this refining slag is mainly by CaO and CaF
2Form.Adopt aforesaid method can only remove the oxygen in the molten steel; Can not effectively remove the oxygen in the slag; If rely on the oxygen in the oxygen balance relation removal ladle slag between the slag steel, then need significantly prolong the time of repose of molten steel, can influence the direct motion of continuous casting production process; And the oxidisability of ladle slag is too strong, can reduce the desulfurization degree of refining process molten steel greatly.
CN101191148A discloses a kind of ladle desulfurization refining slag; This refining slag mainly is made up of quickened lime, fluorite and aluminium powder or aluminum shot; The refining slag bag distribution packaging (25 kilograms) that to form by quickened lime and fluorite in the implementation process; And in every bag, add 2-4 kilogram aluminium powder, add this refining slag with steel stream.The employing aforesaid method also can only remove the oxygen in the molten steel, and the oxygen in the slag can not effectively be removed, thereby influences the sweetening effectiveness of refining process molten steel.
CN101235431A discloses a kind of method of convertor tapping washing fining furnace fast desulfurization; This method comprises and adds pre-melted slag 7-12 kg/ton molten steel in the ladle and lime 3-5 kg/ton molten steel, LF refining procedure are added a certain amount of lime, calcium carbide and ferrosilicon powder; Pre-melted slag mainly contains CaO:46-52 weight %, Al
2O
3: 38-45 weight %, SiO
2:≤10 weight %, CaF
2: 5-7 weight %.Adopting aforesaid method mainly is in order to make white slag at refining procedure, and cost is higher, and adds calcium carbide and can cause molten steel recarburization, increase silicon with ferrosilicon powder, has increased the difficulty that molten steel composition is accurately controlled thus.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the low and sweetening effectiveness problem of unstable of desulfurization degree of existing sulfur removal technology, the desulfurizing and refining method of the stable soft steel of a kind of desulfurization degree height and sweetening effectiveness is provided.
Contriver of the present invention is through discovering; Molten steel behind the converter smelting is being tapped to the process of ladle, and adding alloy and desulfurization refining slag carry out molten steel alloying and desulfurization slag making in the molten steel in ladle successively, and add slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that after tapping is accomplished, in ladle, forms; Oxygen in can the effective elimination molten steel; Reduce the oxidisability of ladle slag, improve the performance and the composition of ladle slag, thereby improve the desulfurization degree of molten steel; And can be more satisfactoryly be controlled between the 30-60% soft steel liquid steel refining desulfurization degree is stable, reduce the fluctuation of sulphur content in the Finished Steel.
The invention provides a kind of desulfurizing and refining method of soft steel; This method comprises taps the molten steel behind the converter smelting to ladle; In tapping process, add alloy in the molten steel in ladle successively and desulfurization refining slag carries out molten steel alloying and desulfurization slag making; Wherein, tapping adds slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that in ladle, forms after accomplishing.
According to desulfurizing and refining method of the present invention; Through the molten steel behind the converter smelting is being tapped to the process of ladle, adding alloy and desulfurization refining slag carry out molten steel alloying and desulfurization slag making in the molten steel in ladle successively, and add slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that after tapping is accomplished, in ladle, forms; Oxygen in can the effective elimination molten steel; Reduce the oxidisability of ladle slag, improve the performance and the composition of ladle slag, thereby improve the desulfurization degree of molten steel; And can be more satisfactoryly be controlled between the 30-60% soft steel liquid steel refining desulfurization degree is stable, reduce the fluctuation of sulphur content in the Finished Steel.Simultaneously, can also reduce the non-metallic inclusion content in the molten steel, improve the cleanliness factor of molten steel.
Embodiment
Desulfurizing and refining method according to soft steel of the present invention; This method comprises taps the molten steel behind the converter smelting to ladle; In tapping process, add alloy in the molten steel in ladle successively and desulfurization refining slag carries out molten steel alloying and desulfurization slag making; Wherein, tapping adds slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that in ladle, forms after accomplishing.
According to the method for the invention, the consumption of said desulfurization refining slag can be adjusted in relative broad range, and under the preferable case, the consumption of said desulfurization refining slag is 3.5-5.5 kg/ton molten steel, more preferably 4.5-5.5 kg/ton molten steel.The opportunity of said adding desulfurization refining slag can be according to mode well known in the art, for example, and in the tapping process after bessemerizing end; After the molten steel about 1/3 gets in the ladle; Add alloy and regulate each component concentration in the molten steel, reach the effect of deoxidation simultaneously, then; Can add quickened lime and fluorite with steel flow, fully mix to dash contacting with molten steel.
Based on method of the present invention, add active lime in the molten steel after adding alloy, add fluorite immediately, can play the effect of the fusing of dilution slag, reduction slag viscosity, promotion active lime, help to improve and the stably desulphurizing effect.Under preferred situation, said desulfurization refining slag is made up of fluorite and quickened lime, in tapping process; The process that adds quickened lime and fluorite respectively can also reach takes the inclusion in the molten steel out of; Reach the effect of cleaning molten steel, said fluorite can be adjusted in relative broad range with the charge weight ratio of quickened lime, under the preferable case; The weight ratio of said fluorite and quickened lime is 1: 4-9, more preferably 1: 4-7.
According to the method for the invention, the range of choice broad of fluorite particle size promotes the fluorite purpose of fusing fast in order to reach better, and the particle diameter of said fluorite can be the 3-20 millimeter, is preferably the 5-15 millimeter; The activity degree of said quickened lime can be preferably the 300-500 milliliter for greater than 250 milliliters; The particle diameter of quickened lime generally can be the 5-50 millimeter.
The weave construction of lime and calcining temperature and calcination time are closely related, and therefore, the weave construction that influences activity of lime comprises the grain-size of volume density, void content, specific surface area and CaO mineral.Crystal grain is more little, and specific surface area is big more, and void content is high more, and lime is active just high more, and the chemical reaction ability is just strong more.The activity degree of said quickened lime is for characterizing an index of unslaked lime aquation speed of response, that is, with in the Ca (OH) that produces during with quicklime slaking
2The milliliter numerical table of the 4 mol hydrochloric acid that consumed shows.
According to the method for the invention, said fluorite can be the fluorite of the various routines of this area use, and for example: the staple in the said fluorite is CaF
2, wherein, CaF
2Content be generally 70-90 weight %, SiO
2: 10-30 weight %, S :≤0.1 weight %, P :≤0.06 weight %, moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %; The staple of said quickened lime is CaO, and wherein, the content of CaO is generally 80-90 weight %, and moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %.
According to the method for the invention; Add slag supplying agent and can reach the effect of the fusing point of reduction ladle slag oxidisability, adjustment slag with the ability of raising molten steel desulfurizing rate and removal inclusion; The consumption of said slag supplying agent can be adjusted in relative broad range, is preferably 1.5-3.0 kg/ton molten steel.
According to the method for the invention, the staple of said slag supplying agent is CaO, Al
2O
3And metallic aluminium, under preferred situation, said slag supplying agent contains the CaO of 20-55 weight %, the Al of 20-50 weight %
2O
3, 0-10 weight % SiO
2And the metallic aluminium of 6-30 weight %.In addition, P content in the said slag supplying agent≤0.05 weight %, S content≤0.15 weight %.
According to the method for the invention, the range of choice broad of the particle diameter of said slag supplying agent melts after promoting slag supplying agent to add ladle fast, improves the desulfurization degree of molten steel, and the particle diameter of preferred said slag supplying agent is less than 10 millimeters.
According to the method for the invention, this method is blown into the step that argon gas stirs after also being included in and adding alloy in the molten steel in ladle.The condition that is blown into argon gas comprises that the flow and the churning time of argon gas, the flow of said argon gas and churning time make to reach and adds the further desulfurization of strong mixing and remove the purpose be mingled with.
Under the preferable case, the condition that is blown into argon gas comprises that the flow of molten steel argon gas per ton is the 1-2.5 standard liter/min, and churning time is 4-10 minute.Standard liter/min is meant the flow of PM under 20 ℃, the 1 atmospheric normal conditions.
Preparation in accordance with the present invention; Step among the preparation method of said soft steel except that the desulfurizing and refining process and condition can adopt and well known to a person skilled in the art that step and condition carry out; For example, comprise and bessemerize molten steel, carry out deoxidation alloying after the tapping; Carry out external refining then, cast at last.
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, the method for said smelting molten steel and condition are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example, bessemerize.According to the present invention, the carbon content of said soft steel is generally 0.05-0.15 weight %.Therefore, should make that carbon content satisfies above-mentioned scope in different types of smelting steel endpoint molten steel after smelt finishing gets final product.
Preparation in accordance with the present invention; The method and the condition of the molten steel after smelting being carried out alloying are that the normal technician in this area is known; For example; In tapping process, add various alloys and blacking with after guaranteeing alloying, reach in the soft steel C and each components contents are required to get final product.
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, the method for said external refining and condition also are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example, in LF stove and/or RH vacuum apparatus, carry out external refining, keep temperature and each alloying constituent in the steel is finely tuned.
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, the method for said casting and condition also are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example; Adopt the method for continuous casting to cast: to be injected into the molten steel after the external refining in the mold continuously; Through mold cooling, make the molten steel surface duricrust that congeals into, the outlet of this molten steel with duricrust from mold pulled straight; Make it cool off and all solidify at secondary cooling zone and straightening district, the outlet in the straightening district obtains continuously cast bloom.
Below, will be described in more detail the present invention through embodiment.
In following each embodiment, the staple of said fluorite is CaF
2, CaF
2Content is 70-90 weight %, SiO
2Content is 10-30 weight %, and S content is≤0.1 weight %, and P content is≤0.06 weight %, and moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %; The staple of said quickened lime is CaO, and CaO content is 80-90 weight %, and moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %.The staple of said slag supplying agent is CaO, Al
2O
3And metallic aluminium, CaO content is 20-55 weight %, Al
2O
3Content is 20-50 weight %, and metallic aluminium content is 6-30 weight %, SiO
2Content≤10 weight %, P content≤0.05 weight %, S content≤0.15 weight %.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to explain the desulfurizing and refining method of soft steel provided by the invention (P510L steel).
(1) converter smelting
During converter smelting, 120 tons of molten iron of the interior adding of converter push up, the bottom blown converter blowing, and duration of blast is 15-30 minute, and the blow end point temperature is 1675-1690 ℃, and the C content of blow end point molten steel is 0.03-0.08 weight %; Sampling analysis, converter terminal S content are 0.009-0.018 weight %.
(2) tapping
In the converter tapping process; Add hard coal, low ferro-silicon-aluminium, silicomanganese and manganeseirom and carry out the alloying of C, Si, Mn element, each material add-on makes that C content is that 0.05-0.10 weight %, Si content are that 0.15-0.25 weight %, Mn content are 0.90-1.20 weight % in the molten steel; Flow to steel then and add quickened lime in the ladle (particle diameter is the 5-50 millimeter; Activity degree is 300 milliliters) and fluorite (particle diameter is the 3-20 millimeter); The weight ratio of fluorite and quickened lime is 1: 5-6 (total feeding quantity of fluorite and quickened lime is a 4.5-5.5 kg/ton molten steel); After tapping was accomplished, (particle diameter contained the Al of 30-55 weight %CaO, 20-50 weight % for less than 10 millimeters to add slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that in ladle, forms
2O
3And the metallic aluminium of 6-30 weight %) 1.5-2.5 kg/ton molten steel, tapping process ladle adopt the bottom blowing argon gas, and molten steel argon blowing rate per ton is the 1.2-2 standard liter/min, and argon blowing time is 4-8 minute.
(3) refining
With LF stove heating adjustment temperature, and after each composition finely tuned, the heating molten steel was to 1565-1580 ℃ with molten steel.
Smelt according to the method described above and refined molten steel 12 stoves, after refining finishes, dual alkalinity (CaO/SiO in the difference sampling analysis ladle slag
2) be 3.0-5.0, CaO content is 48-55 weight %, the total content of FeO+MnO is 1.3-1.8 weight %.
(4) continuous casting
Respectively or successively with 12 stove molten steel after refining in the 2 stream slab caster top castings of 2 machines, and to make casting blank section be 1250mm * 200mm, tundish temperature is 1540-1560 ℃, casting machine pulling rate 1.0m/min.S content is 0.004-0.010 weight % in the sampling analysis tundish molten steel respectively.And calculate desulfurization degree according to the following equation.
Desulfurization degree %=(molten steel S content in converter terminal molten steel S content-tundish)/converter terminal molten steel S content * 100%
Smelt the molten steel desulfurizing rate that obtains behind 12 stoves and be stabilized between the 32-58%, average desulfurization degree is 46%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to explain the desulfurizing and refining method of soft steel provided by the invention (L245MB).
(1) converter smelting
During converter smelting, 120 tons of molten iron of the interior adding of converter push up, the bottom blown converter blowing, and duration of blast is 15-30 minute, and the blow end point temperature is 1680-1695 ℃, and the C content of blow end point molten steel is 0.03-0.08 weight %; Sampling analysis, converter terminal S content are 0.008-0.017 weight %.
(2) tapping
In the converter tapping process; Add hard coal, low ferro-silicon-aluminium, silicomanganese and manganeseirom and carry out the alloying of C, Si, Mn element, each material add-on makes that C content is that 0.05-0.09 weight %, Si content are that 0.16-0.27 weight %, Mn content are 0.55-0.80 weight % in the molten steel; Flow to steel then and add quickened lime in the ladle (particle diameter is the 5-50 millimeter; Activity degree is 280 milliliters) and fluorite (particle diameter is the 3-20 millimeter); The weight ratio of fluorite and quickened lime is 1: 5-6 (total feeding quantity of fluorite and quickened lime is a 4.5-5.5 kg/ton molten steel); After tapping was accomplished, (particle diameter contained the Al of 30-55 weight %CaO, 20-55 weight % for less than 10 millimeters to add slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that in ladle, forms
2O
3And the metallic aluminium of 6-30 weight %) 1.5-2.5 kg/ton molten steel, tapping process ladle adopt the bottom blowing argon gas, and molten steel argon blowing rate per ton is the 1.2-2 standard liter/min, and argon blowing time is 4-8 minute.
(3) refining
With LF stove heating adjustment temperature, and after each composition finely tuned, the heating molten steel was to 1565-1580 ℃ with molten steel.
Smelt according to the method described above and refined molten steel 15 stoves, after refining finishes, dual alkalinity (CaO/SiO in the difference sampling analysis ladle slag
2) be 2.9-4.9, CaO content is 47-54 weight %, the total content of FeO+MnO is 1.4-1.9 weight %.
(4) continuous casting
Respectively or successively with 15 stove molten steel after refining in the 2 stream slab caster top castings of 2 machines, and to make casting blank section be 1150mm * 200mm, tundish temperature is 1530-1550 ℃, casting machine pulling rate 0.9-1.1m/min.S content is 0.004-0.011 weight % in the sampling analysis tundish molten steel respectively.And calculate desulfurization degree according to the following equation.
Desulfurization degree %=(molten steel S content in converter terminal molten steel S content-tundish)/converter terminal molten steel S content * 100%
Smelt the molten steel desulfurizing rate that obtains behind 15 stoves and be stabilized between the 30-57%, average desulfurization degree is 44%.
Can find out from the result of above embodiment 1 and embodiment 2; Adopt the desulfurization degree of the soft steel that method production provided by the invention obtains to be stabilized between the 30-58%; And average desulfurization degree is higher, and the soft steel that adopts method of the present invention to make can satisfy the specification of quality of steel fully.
Claims (10)
1. the desulfurizing and refining method of a soft steel; This method comprises taps the molten steel behind the converter smelting to ladle; In tapping process, add alloy in the molten steel in ladle successively and desulfurization refining slag carries out molten steel alloying and desulfurization slag making; It is characterized in that tapping adds slag supplying agent in the ladle slag that in ladle, forms after accomplishing.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the consumption of said desulfurization refining slag is a 3.5-5.5 kg/ton molten steel.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, said desulfurization refining slag is made up of fluorite and quickened lime, and said fluorite is 1 with the charge weight ratio of quickened lime: 4-9.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, the particle diameter of said fluorite is the 3-20 millimeter; The particle diameter of said quickened lime is the 5-50 millimeter, and activity degree is greater than 250 milliliters.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, CaF in the said fluorite
2Content be 70-90 weight %, moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %; The content of CaO is 80-90 weight % in the said quickened lime, and moisture content is less than 0.1 weight %.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, the consumption of said slag supplying agent is a 1.5-3.0 kg/ton molten steel.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, said slag supplying agent contains the CaO of 20-55 weight %, the Al of 20-50 weight %
2O
3, 0-10 weight % SiO
2And the metallic aluminium of 6-30 weight %.
8. according to claim 1,6 or 7 described methods, wherein, the particle diameter of said slag supplying agent is less than 10 millimeters.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, this method is blown into the step that argon gas stirs after also being included in and adding alloy in the molten steel in ladle.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the condition that is blown into argon gas comprises that the flow of molten steel argon gas per ton is the 1-2.5 standard liter/min, churning time is 4-10 minute.
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| CN103898275A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Refining method for enhancing cleanliness of steel |
| CN103898274A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Ultralow-sulfur steel smelting method |
| CN103911487A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Method for smelting of ultra-low carbon steel and continuous casting method for ultra-low carbon steel |
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| CN103911487A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Method for smelting of ultra-low carbon steel and continuous casting method for ultra-low carbon steel |
| CN103911487B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-11-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | A kind of method of smelting suprelow carbon steel and the method for continuous casting ultra low-carbon steel |
| CN103205524A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for smelting low-sulfur steel from semi-steel |
| CN103205524B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for smelting low-sulfur steel from semi-steel |
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Application publication date: 20120530 |