CN105063455A - Cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, ceramics and metal and preparation method of cutter material - Google Patents
Cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, ceramics and metal and preparation method of cutter material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105063455A CN105063455A CN201510524287.2A CN201510524287A CN105063455A CN 105063455 A CN105063455 A CN 105063455A CN 201510524287 A CN201510524287 A CN 201510524287A CN 105063455 A CN105063455 A CN 105063455A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, ceramics and metal. The cutter material comprises a rough cubic boron nitride crystalline grain part and an adhesive part. The adhesive part comprises a fine cubic boron nitride crystalline grain part, the ceramics and the metal. The invention further discloses the crystalline grain size of the rough cubic boron nitride crystalline grain part and the crystalline grain size of fine cubic boron nitride crystalline grains in the adhesive part. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the cutter material. The obtained cutter material has high abrasion resistance and impact resistance and can be synthesized without the need of high pressure larger than 6 Gpa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cutting tool technical field, relate to a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery, metal and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Boron nitride is the crystal be made up of nitrogen-atoms and boron atom, chemical constitution is the boron of 43.6% and the nitrogen of 56.4%, has four kinds of different variants: hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), water chestnut side's boron nitride (rBN), cubic boron nitride (cBN) and wurtzite BN (wBN).Wurtzite BN crystal grain is tiny, can not as cutter body.
Along with the development of modern technologies, superhard material is widely used, such as cutting tools, grinding tool, boring means and cutting tool.Superhard material comprises two kinds: diamond and cubic boron nitride (cBN).Diamond owing to starting carbonization more than 600 DEG C, and particularly in the material having ferro element to exist, along with the rising of temperature, its physical strength declines rapidly, because which limit the application of diamond when processing iron series metal goods.Cubic boron nitride just in time overcomes this defect, and cubic boron nitride is under oxidizing atmosphere condition, and 900 DEG C still can ensure its physical strength, therefore in High-Speed Automatic processor field, is widely used.
Traditionally, as in the cubic boron nitride sintered body of cutting tool or wear resistant tools containing agglutinant or tackiness agent, as TiN, TiC and Co.This sintered compact obtains by cubic boron nitride powder and agglutinant or tackiness agent being sintered under the pressure of 4 ~ 5GPa.In this sintered compact containing have an appointment 10 ~ 40% tackiness agent, tackiness agent greatly affects the intensity of sintered compact, thermotolerance and thermal diffusivity, high speed cutting, especially at cutting ferrous metals material time, easily there is defect and crackle on the cutting edge, which reduce the life-span of instrument.
In order to extend life tools, the existing cBN sintered compact manufacture method not using tackiness agent.In the method, the catalyzer of hexagonal boron nitride and such as Dan Pengization Magnesium and so on is used as starting material, they is sintered and reacts.According to the method, owing to not using tackiness agent, strongly combine between cBN particle, thermal conductivity is up to 6 ~ 7W/cm DEG C.Therefore, cBN sintered compact is used as in radiator material or the automatic combination tool of winding.But because partially catalyzed agent remains in sintered compact, and when sintered compact is heated, due to the thermal dilation difference between cBN and catalyzer, easily produce minute crack, thus heat resisting temperature is low to moderate 700 DEG C, this is a very large problem for cutting tool.In addition, because particle diameter slightly reaches about 10 μm, although this improves thermal conductivity, weaken its intensity, make it cannot bear large cutting load.
Sinter the sintered compact that obtains to make cutting tool to obtain only tiny by crystal grain cubic boron nitride (cBN), and containing other materials as pottery, metal, need the very high pressure and temperature more than 8GPa and 1600 DEG C.For industrial production, produce more than 6GPa hypertonia.At such high pressures, can shorten the work-ing life of high-tension apparatus.The favourable condition making the agglomerate be made up of cBN is that pressure should be equal to or less than 6GPa.Well-known being equal to or less than the method sintered under 6GPa condition by pottery and metal bonding cBN.But the cutter life made by pottery and metal bonding cBN crystal grain is shorter, because pottery is too low compared with cBN with metal hardness, so when cutting, pottery and metallic member more easily peel off.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of cutter material with high structure wear resistance and shock-resistance, be that the thick cubic boron nitride of main cutting material (cBN) half or more tiny thin cubic boron nitride (cBN) are in binding agent by adding grain-size, the cutter material more wear-resisting and shock-resistance of lamps structure can be made, add metal, form matrix, contribute to strengthening cubic boron nitride (cBN) bonding between crystal grain and pottery.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this cutter material.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal, is made up of thick cubic boron nitride die portions and binding agent part.
Described binding agent part includes thin cubic boron nitride die portions, pottery and metal.Pottery is any one in metallic carbide, nitride, oxide compound, boride, silicide.Metal is one or more the mixing in magnesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, aluminium.
The grain-size of thick cubic boron nitride die portions is 8 ~ 20 microns, and the grain-size of the thin cubic boron nitride die portions in binding agent part is 1 ~ 4 micron.
Prepare a method for a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 1, comprise the following steps:
(1) thick cubic boron nitride, thin cubic boron nitride, pottery, the original micro mist of metal is proportionally taken;
(2) the original micro mist in mixing step (1), ball milling 30 minutes, make several micro mist mix evenly, obtain admixed finepowder, add toluene solution as lubricant;
(3) heat drying, removing toluene;
(4) admixed finepowder obtained in (2) is placed on 800 DEG C, vacuum heating purification in 4 hours in columniform metal vessel, the oxygen that removing absorbs;
(5) admixed finepowder after purification is transferred to and is full of in the glove box of nitrogen, the micro mist wherein lumpd is ground into fine powder;
(6) admixed finepowder is loaded in high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container;
(7) the high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container filling admixed finepowder in (6) is put into high-temperature high-pressure apparatus, boost to more than 3GPa, be warming up to more than 1200 DEG C;
(8) pressure and temperature 10 ~ 30 minutes of step (7) is kept;
(9) reduce pressure, stop heating, make device temperature reach 0 ~ 25 DEG C, pressure reaches standard atmospheric pressure;
(10) from high-temperature high-pressure apparatus, take out high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container, remove the container of sintered compact surface parcel, obtain the cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal.
Metal can be used to help bonding pottery and thin cubic boron nitride (cBN) to form matrix.Wherein in original micro mist, thick cubic boron nitride (cBN) quality accounting is 40 ~ 80%, and the quality accounting of binding agent (pottery+metal+thin cubic boron nitride) is 20 ~ 60%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) improve the wear resistance of cutter material;
(2) improve the shock-resistance of cutter material;
(3) during sintering, required temperature, pressure like product of comparing is low, according to general technology, needs the temperature of pressure more than 8GPa and 1600 DEG C, uses this method to extend service life of equipment, save energy, saved cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1
Select to account for total mass 50% and grain size distribution at the thick cubic boron nitride (cBN) of 10 ~ 15 microns as cutting tip, the binding agent part of other 50% is primarily of 20%TiC, 15%TiN and 7% grain-size at the thin cubic boron nitride (cBN) of 2 microns, the metallic aluminium of 8%, and ball milling is mixed to get for 90 minutes.The average grain size of TiC and TiN is 5 microns, and the grain-size of aluminium is 10 microns, and toluene is as hybrid lubricant.Mixed binding agent part is put in the tank of ball mill with cutting tip cBN and mixes 30 minutes.After having mixed, admixed finepowder is taken out and puts in glass beaker, leave standstill and make micro mist be deposited to beaker bottom in 5 hours.After guarantee all precipitation, topple over and fall toluene.Admixed finepowder by adding the remaining toluene of heat abstraction in loft drier.After removal toluene, admixed finepowder loads in metal vessel, to put in vacuum oven 800 DEG C of heating 4 hours, removes the oxygen absorbed.When in-furnace temperature is lower than 100 DEG C, after 3 hours, be full of nitrogen in stove, admixed finepowder is transferred to and is full of in the glove box of nitrogen.In glove box, by wolfram varbide pot and pestle, the micro mist of caking becomes fine powder.Load in the zirconium cup of Φ 14*4mm, thick 0.5mm.By the small hydraulic machine pressure of 60kg/c ㎡.In zirconium cup, micro mist is thick is 1.5mm.Put into the WC sheet of the Φ 13*2.5mm after sintering on micro mist.Then the pasteurising vessel filling admixed finepowder and tungsten carbide chip is put in high-tension apparatus, synthesizes 15 minutes under 5.1GPa, 1480 DEG C of conditions.
By above process, admixed finepowder is sintered to the dense glass cylinder into Φ 11.7*1.1mm.Sintered compact surface is by diamond wheel and diamond paste polishing.By observation by light microscope, cBN crystal grain is bondd by binding agent, and in binding agent, thin cBN is dispersion.By X-ray diffraction, can be observed cBN, AlN, TiB2, TiAl etc.In sintering process, they carry out chemical combination, and thick cBN crystal grain and the matrix comprising thin cBN crystal grain are bondd by these combination reactions.
Column sintered compact is cut into equilateral triangle, and brazing is formed on the disposable cutter head of TNG160308 at tungsten carbide matrix.Carry out cutting test: cutting hardness is the die steel of HRC63, circumferential speed is 128 ms/min, and depth of cut is 0.5mm, and the amount of feed is 0.11 millimeter/turn, and 22 minutes rear blade flank wears are 0.3mm.Use wolfram varbide cutter head, same experimental conditions Repeated Cutting is tested, and cuts 8 seconds rear blade edge breaks, therefore can not continue to cut again.
Embodiment 2
Select to account for total mass 40% and grain size distribution at the thick cubic boron nitride (cBN) of 2 ~ 4 microns as cutting tip, the binding agent part of other 60% is mixed to get at the thin cubic boron nitride (cBN) of 2 microns or less, metallic aluminium, the titanium of 2%, the tungsten-carbide powder ball milling of 5% of 6% primarily of 32%TiC, 10%TiN and 5% grain-size for 90 minutes.The average grain size of TiC and TiN is 5 microns, and the grain-size of aluminium is 10 microns, and toluene is as hybrid lubricant.Mixed binding agent part is put in the pot of ball mill with cutting tip cBN and mixes 30 minutes.After having mixed, admixed finepowder is taken out and puts in glass beaker, leave standstill and make micro mist be deposited to beaker bottom in 5 hours.After guarantee all precipitation, topple over and fall toluene.Admixed finepowder removes remaining toluene in 5 hours by heating in loft drier.After removal toluene, admixed finepowder loads in metal vessel, to put in vacuum oven 800 DEG C of heating 4 hours, removes the oxygen absorbed.When in-furnace temperature is lower than 100 DEG C, after 3 hours, be full of nitrogen in stove, admixed finepowder is transferred to and is full of in the glove box of nitrogen.In glove box, by wolfram varbide pot and pestle, the micro mist of caking becomes fine powder.Load in the zirconium cup of Φ 14*4mm, thick 0.5mm.By the small hydraulic machine pressure of 60kg/c ㎡.In zirconium cup, micro mist is thick is 1.5mm.Put into the WC sheet of the Φ 13*2.5mm after sintering on micro mist.Then the pasteurising vessel filling admixed finepowder and tungsten carbide chip is put in high-tension apparatus, synthesizes 15 minutes under 5.1GPa, 1480 DEG C of conditions.
By above process, admixed finepowder is sintered to the dense glass cylinder into Φ 11.7*1.1mm.Sintered compact surface is by diamond wheel and diamond paste polishing.By observation by light microscope, cBN crystal grain is bondd by binding agent, and in binding agent, thin cBN is dispersion.By X-ray diffraction, can be observed cBN, AlN, TiB2, TiAl etc.In sintering process, they carry out chemical combination, and thick cBN crystal grain and the matrix comprising thin cBN crystal grain are bondd by these combination reactions.
Column sintered compact is cut into equilateral triangle, and brazing is formed on the disposable cutter head of TNG160308 at tungsten carbide matrix.Carry out cutting test: cutting hardness is the die steel of HRC63, circumferential speed is 128 ms/min, and depth of cut is 0.5mm, and the amount of feed is 0.11 millimeter/turn, and 20 minutes rear blade flank wears are 0.3mm.Use wolfram varbide cutter head, same experimental conditions Repeated Cutting is tested, and cuts 8 seconds rear blade edge breaks, therefore can not continue to cut again.
Experiment 3-10
The condition of experiment 3-10 cutting test is identical with the test 1 in embodiment, and experimental result is as shown in table 1.In table, it is the grinding tool steel of HRC60-63 that the time length refers to by cutting hardness, depth of cut is 0.5mm, the amount of feed is 0.11 millimeter/to turn, circumferential speed is the time that 98-118 m/min of rear blade flank wear reaches 0.3mm.
Table 1: experiment 3-10 sintering condition and cutting result (weight percent)
Remarks: the data in table are mass percent (except last row), and as described in the text, in the bracket of these row of cBN, data are its grain-size to the grain-size of not special mark.
By changing the metal of bonding cBN and ceramic integral part, repeat synthesis and cutting experiment.Sinter identical with table one with machining condition.
Table 2: experiment 11-19 sintering condition and cutting test result (weight percent) pressure: 3-5.5GPa temperature: 1210-1450 DEG C
Contrast experiment one
Repeat embodiment 1, but thin cBN part is replaced by the cBN of grain-size 10 ~ 15 microns.This means that main cutting tip cBN is increased to 57%, the thin cBN part of 7% is removed.Repeat the cutting experiment of experiment one, cutter head is 0.3mm in cutting trailing flank wearing and tearing in 14 minutes.This result means that thin cBN effectively can extend the cutting time.
The experimental raw of contrast experiment one: the thick cBN of 57%10 ~ 15 microns
20％TiC
15％TiN
8％Al
Above per-cent is weight percentage.
Contrast experiment one is thin cBN to replace with thick cBN with the difference of experiment one, the synthesis condition of cutting experiment, machining condition are also with mentioned identical above, cutting time is 14 minutes, shorter than experiment one, thus demonstrate add thin cBN contribute to extend the cutting time.
Claims (9)
1. the cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal, is characterized in that, be made up of thick cubic boron nitride die portions and binding agent part.
2. a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described binding agent part includes thin cubic boron nitride die portions, pottery and metal.
3. a kind of cutter material with cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pottery is one or more the mixing in metallic carbide, nitride, oxide compound, boride, silicide.
4. a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described metal is one or more the mixing in magnesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, aluminium.
5. a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grain-size of described thick cubic boron nitride die portions is 1 ~ 30 micron.
6. a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grain-size of the thin cubic boron nitride die portions in described binding agent part is 1 ~ 10 micron.
7. prepare a method for a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) thick cubic boron nitride, thin cubic boron nitride, pottery, the original micro mist of metal is proportionally taken;
(2) the original micro mist in mixing step (1), ball milling 30 minutes, make several micro mist mix evenly, obtain admixed finepowder, add toluene solution as lubricant;
(3) heat drying, removing toluene;
(4) admixed finepowder obtained in (2) is placed on 800 DEG C, vacuum heating purification in 4 hours in columniform metal vessel, the oxygen that removing absorbs;
(5) admixed finepowder after purification is transferred to and is full of in the glove box of nitrogen, the micro mist wherein lumpd is ground into fine powder;
(6) admixed finepowder obtained in (5) is loaded in high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container;
(7) the high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container filling admixed finepowder in (6) is put into high-temperature high-pressure apparatus, boost to more than 3GPa, be warming up to more than 1200 DEG C;
(8) pressure and temperature 10 ~ 30 minutes of step (7) is kept;
(9) reduce pressure, stop heating, make device temperature reach 0 ~ 25 DEG C, pressure reaches standard atmospheric pressure;
(10) from high-temperature high-pressure apparatus, take out high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant container, remove the container of sintered compact surface parcel, obtain the cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal.
8. the preparation method of a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the mass ratio that the quality of thick cubic boron nitride die portions accounts for original micro mist is 40 ~ 80%.
9. the preparation method of a kind of cutter material containing cubic boron nitride, pottery and metal according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the mass ratio that the quality of binding agent part accounts for original micro mist is 20 ~ 60%.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105603287A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-05-25 | 中原工学院 | Oxide-based high-entropy alloy ceramic binding agent special for PCBN |
| CN105624513A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-01 | 中原工学院 | Dedicated carbide-based high-entropy alloy ceramic bond for PCBN (Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride) |
| CN105671406A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-15 | 中原工学院 | Nitride-based high-entropy alloy ceramic binder special for PCBN |
| CN105734388A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-06 | 中原工学院 | Boride-based high-entropy alloy ceramic bond special for polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) |
| CN107200590A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 日进金刚石株式会社 | Cutting element composite sinter and the cutting element using the composite sinter |
| CN108911743A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2018-11-30 | 天津中天精科科技有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant ceramic cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN110194670A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-03 | 上海恒硬材料科技有限公司 | A kind of novel cubic boron nitride sintered body and preparation method thereof |
| CN115003646A (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2022-09-02 | 六号元素(英国)有限公司 | Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride material |
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| CN108911743A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2018-11-30 | 天津中天精科科技有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant ceramic cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN110194670A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-03 | 上海恒硬材料科技有限公司 | A kind of novel cubic boron nitride sintered body and preparation method thereof |
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