CN105058941B - 弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN105058941B
CN105058941B CN201510565083.3A CN201510565083A CN105058941B CN 105058941 B CN105058941 B CN 105058941B CN 201510565083 A CN201510565083 A CN 201510565083A CN 105058941 B CN105058941 B CN 105058941B
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真道明
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺,该模板包括三聚氰胺浸渍纸、杨木单板和芯帘,弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板自上而下依次为上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸、上层杨木单板、芯帘、下层杨木单板、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸;芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘、长帘、短帘、长帘,即所述芯帘共四层;上层杨木单板涂布改性胶且纵向排放;下层杨木单板涂布改性胶且横向排放,上述各层经胶合热压复合为一体。其生产工艺包括:(1)制备三聚氰胺浸渍纸;(2)制备芯帘;(3)制备杨木单板;(4)组胚模板;(5)胶合热压成型。该模板经过组胚结构的调整,表面胶种的改良,达到“软化”的效果,从而达到任意弯曲不开裂不变形不断裂的效果,制作出的桥梁效果好,满足了曲面桥梁所需的要求。

Description

弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种人造板材领域,具体涉及一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺。
背景技术
桥梁是常见的建筑物,随着高速公路、城市立交桥等基础设施的快速发展,所需要架设的桥梁越来越多,导致了对桥梁建设中所使用的桥梁模板的需求也越来越多,甚至出现供不应求的现象。
传统的桥梁模板通常为木质模板,随着社会的发展,木材资源日益紧缺,使用完全木质桥梁模板不但生产成本高,而且不利于保护木材资源和生态环境。
为了解决上述技术问题和环境资源问题,近年来普遍采用竹基桥梁模板代替木质模板。虽然竹基桥梁模板在节约资源和保护环境方面有很大的改善,但由于竹基桥梁模板原型是平板,不能实现任意弧度弯曲。致使采用竹基桥梁模板浇注出来的桥梁整体效果差,无法满足曲面桥梁所需的要求。
发明内容
为了进一步克服上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板及其生产工艺。该模板经过组胚结构的调整,表面胶种的改良,达到“软化”的效果,从而达到任意弯曲不开裂不变形不断裂的效果,制作出的桥梁效果好,满足了曲面桥梁所需的要求。
本发明的技术方案在于:一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板,该弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板主要由三聚氰胺浸渍纸、杨木单板和芯帘构成,所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板自上而下依次为上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸、上层杨木单板、芯帘、下层杨木单板、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸。所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘、长帘、短帘、长帘,即所述芯帘共四层;所述芯帘要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用。所述上层杨木单板纵向排放;所述下层杨木单板横向排放;所述上层杨木单板和下层杨木单板均涂布改性胶,所述上、下层杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为1.5~3%待用。所述改性胶由苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水配制而成,所述苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水的摩尔比为1:(1.8~2.0):(0.15~0.18):(9~12)。
上述各层经胶合热压复合为一体。上述胶合热压所采用的热压机为1500T压机,压板固化温度为110~150℃,保温时间10~15分钟,使用压力11~15Pa。
上述所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的密度830kg/m3,静曲强度85Mpa;静曲弹性模量8.5×103 Mpa,可折弯直径70cm,表面耐磨系数0.02g/100r。
本发明的另一技术方案在于:一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的生产工艺,按以下步骤进行:
(1)制备三聚氰胺浸渍纸,浸渍纸所采用的胶水为覆膜胶;
(2)制备芯帘,所述芯帘要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用;
(3)制备杨木单板,杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为2%待用;所述改性胶由苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水配制而成,所述苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水的摩尔比为1:(1.8~2.0):(0.15~0.18):(9~12)。
(4)组胚模板,组胚顺序自上而下依次为:上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸、上层杨木单板、芯帘、下层杨木单板、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸;所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘、长帘、短帘、长帘,即所述芯帘共四层。
(5)胶合热压成型,将组胚好的模板送入热压机内热压成型。所述热压机为1500T压机,压板固化温度为110~150℃,保温时间10~15分钟,使用压力11~15Pa。
上述改性胶的制备方法按以下步骤进行:
(1)将溶化的苯酚入釜,升温到40~45℃,加入液碱和40%的水,升温到50~55℃,保持5~15分钟,加入甲醛,此时温度约30℃;
(2)待温度升到45℃后,用25~35分钟时间升温到77±2℃(防止升温过快)并保持50~70分钟;
(3)用25~35分钟升温到90~95℃,保温到粘度适合(涂-4杯40℃,13.0″);
(4)降温至65~75℃(10~15分钟),加入60%的水,在此温度下保持25~35分钟,之后即可降温到42℃以下卸料。
本发明的核心技术:
1、通过对芯材结构的调整,竹片的“软化”处理,从而达到模板纵向的柔韧性。
2、通过对表面胶种的改良,在热压固化后具有很好的柔韧性。
3、采用热压高水分胶帘技术,保证胶合不开胶,板面平整不鼓包,又能保留一定的水分降低脆性。
本发明的创新点:
1、特破常规,采用结构调整达到“软化”的效果。
2、通过热压高水分胶帘技术改变了脆性,又能保证板面平整不开胶。
3、通过胶水的改良,实现了弯曲时板面不开裂。
本发明的有益效果在于:该模板经过组胚结构的调整,表面胶种的改良,从而达到任意弯曲表面不开裂不变形不断裂的效果,一次性可以大批量辅模,安装快捷,拆模方便,缩短工期,造型稳定轻便,打出的桥梁效果好,满足了曲面桥梁所需的要求。
附图说明
图1为实施例中弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的结构示意图。
标号说明: 1-上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸 2-上层杨木单板 3-芯帘 4-下层杨木单板 5-下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸 3.1-长帘 3.2-长帘 3.3-短帘 3.4-长帘。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的上述技术内容和构造特点能更容易地被本领域一般技术人员所理解,下面结合附图和技术要点对本申请进一步的说明。
本发明的弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板主要由三聚氰胺浸渍纸、杨木单板和芯帘构成,所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板自上而下依次为上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸1、上层杨木单板2、芯帘3、下层杨木单板4、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸5。所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘3.1、长帘3.2、短帘3.3、长帘3.4,即所述芯帘3共四层。所述长帘的尺寸2500×1400×1.8mm,所述短帘的尺寸1300×2500×2.2mm。所述芯帘3要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用。所述上层杨木单板2纵向排放;所述下层杨木单板4横向排放;所述上层杨木单板2和下层杨木单板4均涂布改性胶;所述上、下层杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为2%待用。所述改性胶由苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水配制而成,所述苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水的摩尔比为1:1.92:0.167:10.8。
上述各层经胶合热压复合为一体。上述胶合热压所采用的热压机为1500T压机,压板固化温度为130℃,保温时间12分钟,使用压力13.5Pa。
上述所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的密度830kg/m3,静曲强度85Mpa;静曲弹性模量8.5×103 Mpa,可折弯直径70cm,表面耐磨系数0.02g/100r。
本发明的另一技术方案在于:一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的生产工艺,按以下步骤进行:
(1)制备三聚氰胺浸渍纸,浸渍纸所采用的胶水为覆膜胶。
(2)制备芯帘3,所述芯帘3要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用。
(3)制备杨木单板,杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为2%待用;所述改性胶由苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水配制而成,所述苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水的摩尔比为1:1.92:0.167:10.8。
(4)组胚模板,组胚顺序自上而下依次为:上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸1、上层杨木单板2、芯帘3、下层杨木单板4、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸5;所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘3.1、长帘3.2、短帘3.3、长帘3.4,即所述芯帘共四层。
(5)胶合热压成型,将组胚好的模板送入热压机内热压成型。所述热压机为1500T压机,压板固化温度为130℃,保温时间12分钟,使用压力13.5Pa。
上述改性胶的制备方法按以下步骤进行:
(1)将溶化的苯酚入釜,升温到40~45℃,加入液碱和40%的水,升温到50~55℃,保持10分钟,加入甲醛(此时温度约30℃);
(2)待温度升到45℃后,用30分钟时间升温到77±2℃(防止升温过快)并保持60分钟;
(3)用30分钟升温到90~95℃,保温到粘度适合(涂-4杯40℃,13.0″);
(4)降温至70℃(10~15分钟),加入60%的水,在此温度下保持30分钟,之后即可降温到42℃以下卸料。
该模板经过组胚结构的调整,表面胶种的改良,从而达到任意弯曲表面不开裂不变形不断裂的效果,一次性可以大批量辅模,安装快捷,拆模方便,缩短工期,造型稳定轻便,打出的桥梁效果好,满足了曲面桥梁所需的要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (2)

1.一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板,它主要由三聚氰胺浸渍纸、杨木单板和芯帘构成,其特征在于:
所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板自上而下依次为上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸、上层杨木单板、芯帘、下层杨木单板、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸;
所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘、长帘、短帘、长帘,即所述芯帘共四层;所述芯帘要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用;
所述上层杨木单板纵向排放;所述下层杨木单板横向排放;所述上层杨木单板和下层杨木单板均涂布改性胶;所述上、下层杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为1.5~3%待用;
上述各层经胶合热压复合为一体,热压机的压板固化温度为110~150℃,保温时间10~15分钟,使用压力11~15Pa;
所述弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的密度830kg/m3,静曲强度85Mpa;静曲弹性模量8.5×103Mpa,可折弯直径70cm,表面耐磨系数0.02g/100r。
2.一种弧形桥梁覆膜清水模板的生产工艺,其特征在于,按以下步骤进行:
(1)制备三聚氰胺浸渍纸,浸渍纸所采用的胶水为覆膜胶;
(2)制备芯帘,所述芯帘要烘干至含水率为8%以下,浸胶后凉干待用;所述芯帘自上而下的组胚顺序为长帘、长帘、短帘、长帘,即所述芯帘共四层;
(3)制备杨木单板,杨木单板含水率为8%以下,涂布改性胶,上胶后通风凉干至含水率为2%待用;所述改性胶由苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水配制而成,所述苯酚、甲醛、烧碱和水的摩尔比为1:(1.8~2.0):(0.15~0.18):(9~12);所述改性胶的制备方法按以下步骤进行:
A、将溶化的苯酚入釜,升温到40~45℃,加入液碱和40%的水,升温到50~55℃,保持5~15分钟,加入甲醛;
B、待温度升到45℃后,用25~35分钟时间升温到77±2℃,并保持50~70分钟;
C、用25~35分钟升温到90~95℃,保温到粘度适合;
D、降温至65~75℃,加入60%的水,在此温度下保持25~35分钟,之后即可降温到42℃以下卸料;
(4)组胚模板,组胚顺序自上而下依次为:上层三聚氰胺浸渍纸、上层杨木单板、芯帘、下层杨木单板、下层三聚氰胺浸渍纸;
(5)胶合热压成型,将组胚好的模板送入热压机内热压成型,所述热压机的压板固化温度为110~150℃,保温时间10~15分钟,使用压力11~15Pa。
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