CN105046060B - A kind of seat earth high artesian underground single hole dredges drop optimization method - Google Patents
A kind of seat earth high artesian underground single hole dredges drop optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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Abstract
A kind of seat earth high artesian underground single hole dredges drop optimization method, and white-out is carried out to seat earth water-bearing with high pressure water by one borehole suitable for mining.Including tunnel where white-out drilling position candidate is generalized as straightway, optimal white-out bore position is to meet that required maximum white-out flow reaches minimum point when each control point reaches safety level drawdown in straightway, when when it is homogeneous isotropic aquifer to dredge drop water-bearing layer, the point reaches minimum point for each control point maximum distance of distance on the straightway of tunnel, when when it is homogeneous anisotropy to dredge drop water-bearing layer, the point is the point for making white-out flow maximum needed for each control point reach minimum on the straightway of tunnel, solve to obtain drilling optimum position accurate coordinates and optimal white-out flow by genetic algorithm.This method is dredged seat earth high artesian single hole drop engineering and is optimized, and under the premise of safe digging is reached, protects groundwater resources to greatest extent, realizes safety, the economic optimum balance with environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to dredge drop optimization method, is particularly suitable for aqueous to the high pressure-bearing of seat earth by one borehole
The seat earth high artesian underground single hole that layer water carries out white-out dredges drop optimization method.
Background technology
During exploitation of coal resources, since seat earth underlying aquifer head pressure is big, the Gao Cheng under the conditions of adopting
Pressure water electrode easily charges into mine induced water inrush disaster, and with the gradual increase of mining depth, the hydraulic pressure that seat earth is born is more next
Bigger, gushing water danger is higher and higher.Draining hook is one of major measure for preventing mining water inrush, passes through drilling or other
Pumping equipment to threaten mine safety production main filled water bearing strata in water manually it is controlled under conditions of carry out white-out, will
Water level is down under the safe absolute altitude being pre-designed, and reduces or during roadway opening and working face extraction gushing water occurs for elimination
Risk.But the underground water important water resources that still mankind depend on for existence and development in itself, only for producing coal money safely
Source and without stint white-out underground water, by heavy damage groundwater resources, and add coal production cost, to coal field
Sustainable development bring serious problems.Therefore, in the case where meeting safety production condition, total amount of drainage is at utmost reduced, is realized
Optimum balance between safety, economy and environmental benefit, is to carry out seat earth high artesian to dredge at all going out for drop engineering optimization
Hair point.
Arranged according to white-out facility, mine Draining hook engineering is divided into ground, underground and ground and underground joint dredges drop 3
Type, it is different according to white-out facility, it is divided into the types such as group hole, single hole, sluicing lane.Dredge drop and be suitable for waiting to dredge drop water-bearing layer in ground
The shallower situation of buried depth, group dredge in hole drop and are suitable for the less condition of ground space constraint.However, seat earth high artesian dredges drop
In engineering, since water-bearing layer is buried relatively deep, ground construction white-out drilling difficulty is big, of high cost, long in time limit, underworkings with it is aqueous
Layer vertical is closer to the distance, and underground is dredged drop and is more prone to, and water-resisting floor is thicker, block-water performance preferably, hydraulic pressure it is less high
Region, using one borehole white-out can meet dredge drop target.On this condition, constructing, one borehole cost is low, short time limit, difficulty
Spend low, be more suitable for seat earth high artesian and dredge drop.Therefore, seat earth high artesian underground single hole dredges drop with wider
Practical application demand.
Underground coal mine floor elevation pressure water single hole, which dredges drop engineering optimization, includes white-out bore position and unit interval water drainage
Measure (white-out flow) optimization.White-out drilling optimum position and white-out flow are usually as the decision variable and target in Optimized model
Function, that is, meet under the constraintss such as drawdown, reaches the optimum position of white-out flow minimum target.Optimized model structure side
Method includes embedding inlay technique and response matrix method.Embedding inlay technique be by groundwater simulation model directly as Mathematical Planning equation about
Beam condition, the other conditions of simultaneous, the underground water Optimized model construction method for making groundwater simulation be completed with optimizing a step.Respond square
The tactical deployment of troops is to be based on linear system principle of stacking, each source converge independent role algebraical sum be equal to each source or with when the effect that acts on,
The unit impulse response function between pump-out and drawdown is initially set up, and forms its set i.e. response matrix, is re-used as
Water balance restraint condition in Mathematical Planning establishes Optimized model.Optimized model method for solving includes simplex method, heredity is calculated
Method, simulated annealing, tabu search algorithm etc..Genetic algorithm be simulate Darwin heredity selection and natural selection biology into
The computation model of change process, is a kind of direct global optimization search, does not have continuity and the property led limit to optimization problem
System, easy to use, strong robustness, it must be linear not require ground water regime, be adapted to the groundwater management of solving complexity to ask
Topic.
With in the Draining hook engineering of ground white-out condition difference underground, drilling position candidate constrain in lane space, mesh
Preceding Optimized model is to preassign some discrete locations to form candidate hole position set, and each time is drawn by seismic responses calculated
The thin precipitation in hole position is selected, candidate's well location of wherein non-zero is final well location, and also some uses Zero-one integer programming method, with value
For 0 and 1 integer type variable as decision variable, the 0 expression location point is not optimal well location in result of calculation, and 1 represents the position
Put is a little optimal well location.This method be substantially by lane space it is discrete be several points, search for optimal well in discrete point set
Position, and tunnel is a continuous space in itself, traditional model is substantially a kind of near-optimal, especially dredges drop engineering in single hole
In optimization, the accurate coordinates for the optimum position that drills are directly related to the size of total white-out water, the solution that discrete point set is searched for
It is very big to be inferior to the possibility for the optimal solution that continuous model obtains, makes total displacement still higher, does not reach really optimization purpose, mesh
Before, not yet there are the optimization method and model that continuous space search is limited in tunnel.
The content of the invention
For the shortcoming of above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of method is simple, and processing cost is low, for underground white-out drilling cloth
If being limited by lane space, in the region that water-resisting floor is thicker, block-water performance is preferable, hydraulic pressure is less high, using one borehole
White-out, which can reach, dredges drop target, waits to dredge the seat earth high artesian underground that drop water-bearing layer can be generalized as under the conditions of homogeneous aquifer
Single hole dredges drop optimization method.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, single hole Draining hook optimization side in seat earth high artesian underground of the present invention
Method, comprises the following steps：
A. geology, the hydrology, the exploration information of mining area are collected, Shu Jiang areas hydrogeology bar is treated according to the information being collected into
Part is generally changed, i.e., by the boundary characteristic of water-bearing layer reality, internal structure, permeance property, hydraulic characteristic and mends the progress of footpath condition
Simplify；The infiltration coefficient tested according to conventionally known diverse geographic location drill-hole pumping, compares tested region and waits to dredge
Permeability coefficient on drop water-bearing layer difference position in Dai Shujiang areas is equidirectional whether there is significant difference, if difference position
Permeability coefficient difference on equidirectional is smaller, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, difference is larger, is generalized as
Heterogeneous water-bearing layer, compares and treats that permeability coefficient whether there is any point in different directions in Dai Shujiang areas in thin drop water-bearing layer
Significant difference, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as isotropic aquifer, difference is larger to be generalized as respectively if differing smaller
Anisotropy water-bearing layer；
B. when when the thin drop water-bearing layer of tested region is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, to cover tunnel to be dug or exploitation work
Make face range boundary as drop border is dredged, it is water level control point that tunnel or face end point are selected in thin drop border；
Calculate water level control point safety level drawdown：
Utilize Si Liesaliefu formula：Bottom plate at the water level control point of digging laneway is calculated to bear
Safe hydraulic pressure psafe, units MPa, in formula：T is impermeable layer thickness, and unit m, L are span length, unit m, γ for bottom plate every
The average severe of water layer, unit MN/m3；KpFor the average tensile strength of water-resisting floor, units MPa；
Utilize water bursting coefficient formula：psafe=TsMt, calculate the safety that bottom plate is born at the water level control point of exploitation working face
Hydraulic pressure psafe, units MPa, in formula：MtFor water-resisting floor thickness, unit m, TsFor critical water inrush coefficient, TsIt is worth basis《Colliery
Anti- regulation of harnessing the river》In, bottom plate is 0.06MPa/m by structure destruction block, and normal block is 0.1MPa/m；
Collect each water level control point seat earth absolute altitude Hf=[Hf1,...,Hfi,...Hfn] with dredging the water level elevation H before droppingo
=[Ho1,...,Hoi,...Hon], unit m, utilizes formula Hsafe=psafe×100+Hf, safe hydraulic pressure is converted into safety level
Hsafe=[Hs1,...,Hsi,...Hsn], recycle formula Ssafe=Ho-Hsafe, obtain the safety level at each water level control point
Drawdown Ssafe=[Ss1,...,Ssi,...,Ssn], S in formulasiFor the safety level drawdown at i-th of control point；
C. white-out drilling position candidate is built：Tunnel where the position candidate that drills is abstracted as one by drilling candidate bit
The straightway of coordinate points composition is put, passes through formula using any two points x and y on straightway：Y=ax+b obtains white-out drilling candidate
The linear equation of position, marks out the coordinate range x where the x points of straightwayp1≤x≤xp2, in formula：A is straight slope, and b is
Linear intercept, [xp1,xp2] it is straightway coordinate range；
D. homogeneous isotropic water-bearing layer underground single hole white-out optimizes：
Optimize bore position：When tested region waits that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as homogeneous isotropic aquifer in step a
When, each water level control point maximum distance is minimum in the point on straightway y=ax+b being abstracted into tested region tunnel and tunnel
For object function, following Optimized model is established：
min dm=max (di)
s.t. di=(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2
yp=axp+b
xp1≤xp≤xp2
I=1,2,3 ..n
In formula, (xp,yp) it is white-out borehole coordinate, (xi,yi) it is i-th of water level control point coordinates, diFor white-out drilling with
Distance between control point, above-mentioned Optimized model is solved using genetic algorithm in straightway coordinate range, is obtained and each hydraulic pressure/water
The white-out borehole coordinate of position control point maximum distance minimum, i.e., optimal white-out borehole coordinate (xbest,ybest)；
Optimization drilling white-out flow：When white-out drilling does not completely penetrate through whole aqueous layer thickness, i.e., drilling is partially penetrating well,
And water level control point is with the air line distance for dredging drop drill centerWhen, using formula：
Optimization drilling white-out flow；
Be complete penetration of well when drilling completely penetrates through whole underground reservoir, or drilling for partially penetrating well andWhen, using formula：
Optimization drilling white-out flow；
In formula：Q is drilling white-out flow/water yield, KrrTo dredge drop section horizontal direction infiltration coefficient；KzzFor Vertical Square
To infiltration coefficient；M is aqueous layer thickness；μeFor elastic storativity；W(ur) it is Theis well functions；ζ adds resistance for incomplete property
Force coefficient；R is to dredge drop drilling to the air line distance at control point；D is the distance at the top of water-bearing layer top plate to thin drop drilling filter；
L is distance of the water-bearing layer top plate to thin drop drilling filter bottom；Z is water-bearing layer top plate to water-level observation bottom hole portion i.e. opening position
The distance between put；
In (xbest,ybest) place's laying white-out drilling, calculate drawdown and dredge the preceding water-bearing layer height of water level of drop for tunnel or working face
And the difference of seat earth absolute altitude (is denoted as Smax) under the conditions of drilling drain discharge (be denoted as Qmax), which is the maximum in optimization
Constraints, that is, drill white-out flow rate upper limit value, specifically by S (r, t)=Smax, r=rw, z=0.7l, d=0 substitute into formulaWherein rwQ is calculated for white-out boring radiusmax；Afterwards successively by each water level control point generation
Enter above formula and be calculated to reach safety level drawdown SsafeRequired white-out flow Qp=[Qp1,...,Qpi,...Qpn], QpiFor water
Position control point i reaches safety level drawdown SsiWhen it is corresponding drilling white-out flow, by QpIn maximum (max (Qp)) and Qmax
Compare, if max (Qp)≤Qmax, then drill optimal white-out flow Qbest=max (Qp), optimize successfully；Otherwise, one borehole is dredged
Drop can not achieve the target of safety driving and back production, and Optimization Steps terminate；
E. the white-out optimization in the case of homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer：
When in step a wait dredge drop water-bearing layer be generalized as homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer when, original work arrangement map reference
Inconsistent phenomenon occurs with AQUIFER HYDRAULIC principal direction in direction of principal axis, and rotation map makes change in coordinate axis direction and infiltration coefficient master
Direction is consistent, updates each water level control point coordinates according to rotatable coordinate axis angle and direction, repeat step c obtains postrotational seat
The lower tunnel linear equation y=ax+b of mark system and its coordinate range, reach safety level drawdown S to minimize each control pointsafeInstitute
It is object function to need maximum white-out flow, establishes Optimized model：
When white-out drilling is the situation of partially penetrating well, model form is as follows：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
yp=axp+b
Si≥Ssi
xp1≤xp≤xp2
0 ＜ Qpi≤Qmax
I=1,2,3..., n；
When white-out drilling is the situation of complete penetration of well, model form is as follows：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
yp=axp+ b,
Si≥Ssi
xp1≤xp≤xp2
0 ＜ Qpi≤Qmax
I=1,2,3..., n
In formula：KxxTo wait to dredge the drop main infiltration coefficient in water-bearing layer x directions, KyyFor the main infiltration coefficient in y directions, KzzFor z directions master
Infiltration coefficient, the two direction are mutually perpendicular to, θiFor the angle between white-out drilling and the main infiltration direction of control point i lines and x, Kθi
For white-out drilling and the infiltration coefficient in control point i lines direction, QpiPoint i reaches safety level drawdown S in order to controlsiRequired drilling
White-out flow, QmaxFor the maximum white-out flow of drilling, QmaxCalculate the formula used in step d；
Above-mentioned Optimized model being solved using genetic algorithm, when there is the optimal solution that meets constraints, then optimize successfully, general
Obtained hole position coordinate is rotated to original coordinate system, obtains optimal hole position coordinate (xbest,ybest) and white-out flow Qbest, such as
Optimal solution is not present in fruit, then one borehole white-out can not achieve the target of safety driving and back production, and optimization terminates.
Beneficial effect：It is optimal can directly to calculate white-out drilling by being searched in continuously linear space for the method for the present invention
Coordinate values, lower brill position precision is high, and the search space of the Optimized model optimal solution built using the present invention is wide, finally obtains
White-out water inventory it is fewer than conventional model, can reach dredge drop effect under conditions of farthest reduce underground water discharge
Amount, reduces the effluent cost that coal mining enterprise pays, and reduces cost of water treatment, improves Business Economic Benefit, to greatest extent reduction pair
Periphery and Lower Reaches production, the influence of life and ecological water are so as to reach safety, economy and the optimum balance of environmental protection
Point.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow block diagram of the present invention：
Fig. 2 is the oval figure of homogeneous anisotropy AQUIFER HYDRAULIC that the present invention uses；
Fig. 3 is that the case history bottom plate artesian water of the present invention dredges drop work arrangement figure；
Fig. 4 dredges drop Optimized model Genetic algorithm searching for single hole under the conditions of the case history homogeneous isotropism of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is that single hole dredges drop Optimized model Genetic algorithm searching under case history homogeneous Anisotropic Condition of the invention
Figure.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1, the seat earth high artesian underground single hole of the present invention dredges drop optimization method, include the following steps：
A. data collection is generally changed with water-bearing layer：
Geology, the hydrology, the exploration information of mining area are collected, Shu Jiang areas hydrogeologic condition is treated according to the information being collected into
Generally changed, i.e., by the boundary characteristic of water-bearing layer reality, internal structure, permeance property, hydraulic characteristic and mend the progress letter of footpath condition
Change or abstract；The infiltration coefficient tested according to conventionally known diverse geographic location drill-hole pumping, compares tested region
Wait dredge drop water-bearing layer in Dai Shujiang areas difference position it is equidirectional on permeability coefficient whether there is significant difference, if different
Permeability coefficient difference on point position is equidirectional is smaller, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, difference is larger then general
Turn to heterogeneous water-bearing layer, compare wait dredge drop water-bearing layer in Dai Shujiang areas any point in different directions permeability coefficient whether
There are significant difference, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as isotropic aquifer, differs larger generalization if differing smaller
For anisotropy water-bearing layer；
B. water level control point is chosen：
When the thin drop water-bearing layer of tested region is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, to cover tunnel to be dug or exploitation work
For face range boundary as drop border is dredged, it is water level control point that tunnel or face end point are selected in thin drop border；
Calculate water level control point safety level drawdown：
Utilize Si Liesaliefu formula：Bottom plate at the water level control point of digging laneway is calculated to bear
Safe hydraulic pressure psafe, units MPa, in formula：T is impermeable layer thickness, and unit m, L are span length, unit m, γ for bottom plate every
The average severe of water layer, unit MN/m3；KpFor the average tensile strength of water-resisting floor, units MPa；
Utilize water bursting coefficient formula：psafe=TsMt, calculate the safety that bottom plate is born at the water level control point of exploitation working face
Hydraulic pressure psafe, units MPa, in formula：MtFor water-resisting floor thickness, unit m, TsFor critical water inrush coefficient, TsIt is worth basis《Colliery
Anti- regulation of harnessing the river》In, bottom plate is 0.06MPa/m by structure destruction block, and normal block is 0.1MPa/m；
Collect each water level control point seat earth absolute altitude Hf=[Hf1,...,Hfi,...Hfn] with dredging the water level elevation H before droppingo
=[Ho1,...,Hoi,...Hon], unit m, utilizes formula Hsafe=psafe×100+Hf, safe hydraulic pressure is converted into safety level
Hsafe=[Hs1,...,Hsi,...Hsn], recycle formula Ssafe=Ho-Hsafe, obtain the safety level at each water level control point
Drawdown Ssafe=[Ss1,...,Ssi,...,Ssn], S in formulasiFor the safety level drawdown at i-th of control point；
C. white-out drilling position candidate is built：
Tunnel where the position candidate that drills is abstracted as a straightway being made of drilling position candidate coordinate points, profit
Pass through formula with any two points x and y on straightway：Y=ax+b obtains the linear equation of white-out drilling position candidate, marks out straight
Coordinate range x where the x points of line segmentp1≤x≤xp2, in formula：A is straight slope, and b is Linear intercept, [xp1,xp2] it is straight line
Section coordinate range；
D. homogeneous isotropic water-bearing layer underground single hole white-out optimizes
Optimize bore position：When tested region waits that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as homogeneous isotropic aquifer in step a
When, each water level control point maximum distance is minimum in the point on straightway y=ax+b being abstracted into tested region tunnel and tunnel
For object function, following Optimized model is established：
min dm=max (di)
s.t. di=(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2
yp=axp+b
xp1≤xp≤xp2
I=1,2,3 ..n
In formula, (xp,yp) it is white-out borehole coordinate, (xi,yi) it is i-th of water level control point coordinates, diFor white-out drilling with
Distance between control point, above-mentioned Optimized model is solved using genetic algorithm in straightway coordinate range, is obtained and each hydraulic pressure/water
The white-out borehole coordinate of position control point maximum distance minimum, i.e., optimal white-out borehole coordinate (xbest,ybest)；
Optimization drilling white-out flow：The calculation formula being firstly introduced between drain discharge and drawdown, when white-out drills
Do not completely penetrate through whole aqueous layer thickness, i.e. drilling be partially penetrating well, and water level control point dropped with dredging the straight line of drill center away from
From forWhen, using formula：
Optimization drilling white-out flow；
Be complete penetration of well when drilling completely penetrates through whole underground reservoir, or drilling for partially penetrating well andWhen, using formula：
Optimization drilling white-out flow；
In formula：Q is drilling white-out flow/water yield, KrrTo dredge drop section horizontal direction infiltration coefficient；KzzFor Vertical Square
To infiltration coefficient；M is aqueous layer thickness；μeFor elastic storativity；W(ur) it is Theis well functions；ζ adds resistance for incomplete property
Force coefficient；R is to dredge drop drilling to the air line distance at control point；D is the distance at the top of water-bearing layer top plate to thin drop drilling filter；
L is distance of the water-bearing layer top plate to thin drop drilling filter bottom；Z is water-bearing layer top plate to water-level observation bottom hole portion i.e. opening position
The distance between put；
In (xbest,ybest) place's laying white-out drilling, calculate drawdown and dredge the preceding water-bearing layer height of water level of drop for tunnel or working face
And the difference of seat earth absolute altitude (is denoted as Smax) under the conditions of drilling drain discharge (be denoted as Qmax), which is the maximum in optimization
Constraints, that is, drill white-out flow rate upper limit value, specifically by S (r, t)=Smax, r=rw, z=0.7l, d=0 substitute into formulaWherein rwQ is calculated for white-out boring radiusmax；Afterwards successively by each water level control point generation
Enter above formula and be calculated to reach safety level drawdown SsafeRequired white-out flow Qp=[Qp1,...,Qpi,...Qpn], QpiFor water
Position control point i reaches safety level drawdown SsiWhen it is corresponding drilling white-out flow, by QpIn maximum (max (Qp)) and Qmax
Compare, if max (Qp)≤Qmax, then drill optimal white-out flow Qbest=max (Qp), optimize successfully；Otherwise, one borehole is dredged
Drop can not achieve the target of safety driving and back production, and Optimization Steps terminate；
E. the white-out optimization in the case of homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer：
When in step a wait dredge drop water-bearing layer be generalized as homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer when, original work arrangement map reference
Inconsistent phenomenon occurs with AQUIFER HYDRAULIC principal direction in direction of principal axis, and rotation map makes change in coordinate axis direction and infiltration coefficient master
Direction is consistent, updates each water level control point coordinates according to rotatable coordinate axis angle and direction, repeat step c obtains postrotational seat
The lower tunnel linear equation y=ax+b of mark system and its coordinate range, reach safety level drawdown S to minimize each control pointsafeInstitute
It is object function to need maximum white-out flow, establishes Optimized model：
When white-out drilling is the situation of partially penetrating well, model form is as follows：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
yp=axp+b
Si≥Ssi
xp1≤xp≤xp2
0 ＜ Qpi≤Qmax
I=1,2,3..., n；
When white-out drilling is the situation of complete penetration of well, model form is as follows：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
yp=axp+ b,
Si≥Ssi
xp1≤xp≤xp2
0 ＜ Qpi≤Qmax
I=1,2,3..., n
In formula：KxxTo wait to dredge the drop main infiltration coefficient in water-bearing layer x directions, KyyFor the main infiltration coefficient in y directions, KzzFor z directions master
Infiltration coefficient, the two direction are mutually perpendicular to, θiFor the angle between white-out drilling and the main infiltration direction of control point i lines and x, Kθi
For white-out drilling and the infiltration coefficient in control point i lines direction, its Computing Principle is as shown in Fig. 2, QpiPoint i reaches safety in order to control
Drawdown SsiRequired drilling white-out flow, QmaxFor the maximum white-out flow of drilling, QmaxCalculate the formula used in step d；
Above-mentioned Optimized model being solved using genetic algorithm, when there is the optimal solution that meets constraints, then optimize successfully, general
Obtained hole position coordinate is rotated to original coordinate system, obtains optimal hole position coordinate (xbest,ybest) and white-out flow Qbest, instead,
Then one borehole white-out can not achieve the target of safety driving and back production, and optimization terminates.
It is a feature of the present invention that selection is only capable of in tunnel for underground white-out bore position, and tunnel is linear empty
Between, tunnel where drilling position candidate is generalized as 1 straightway, the Best Point for the condition that meets is searched on this straightway
Position, can obtain accurate hole position coordinate.
The present invention is further characterized in that according to short -board effect proposing optimal white-out bore position is met in the straightway of tunnel
Each control point when reaching safety level drawdown required white-out flow maximum reach minimum point.For waiting that it is equal to dredge drop water-bearing layer
During matter isotropic aquifer, which is to reach minimum point on the straightway of tunnel with the maximum distance at each control point at the same time.It is right
In when it is homogeneous anisotropy to dredge drop water-bearing layer, which is white-out flow maximum is reached minimum on the straightway of tunnel
Point.
1 seat earth high artesian single hole is designed below and dredges drop optimization case history, comprising homogeneous isotropism and
Two kinds of situations of matter anisotropy, the optimal hole position coordinate and white-out stream met under the conditions of safety coal extraction is solved using the present invention respectively
Amount.
21051 and 21031 working face of Henan stope of coal mines, seat earth absolute altitude -540m, underlie water-bearing with high pressure,
Thickness 200m, initial water level absolute altitude -165m, complete impermeable layer thickness 70m, bottom plate bear head pressure between coal seam and water-bearing layer
4.45MPa, water bursting coefficient 0.064, is more than《Mine water management provides》In 0.06 critical value, have the gushing water dangerous.Plan is opened
Adopt first 30 days (30d) and carry out Draining hook, target is that hydraulic pressure is down to critical water inrush coefficient value, to ensure safety coal extraction.Count respectively
Calculate water-bearing layer and be generalized as homogeneous isotropism with homogeneous Anisotropic Condition, most preferably dredging drop bore position coordinate and white-out stream
Amount.Working face layout drawing is as shown in Figure 3.
Wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as under the conditions of homogeneous isotropic aquifer, water-bearing layer hydrogeology and drilling parameter are shown in
Following table.
Wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as under the conditions of homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer, the main infiltration directions of water-bearing layer x and map two
Dimensional plane coordinate system positive direction of the x-axis angle α=10 ° (clockwise), water-bearing layer hydrogeological parameter see the table below with drilling parameter.
Using：
Under the conditions of homogeneous isotropism is generally changed in water-bearing layer, with tunnel termination above and below the working face away from white-out drilling in order to control
Point (as shown in Figure 3), each control point is as water level measuring point, and observation is hydraulic pressure that seat earth water barrier bottom is born, i.e. z=0.
For ease of calculating, selected point (38450440,3773700) is opposite origin on map, obtains control point relative coordinate and sees below
Table.
| Number at control point | X | Y |
| 1 | 980.547 | 192.121 |
| 2 | 943.903 | 69.628 |
| 3 | 654.557 | 141.661 |
| 4 | 618.728 | 19.284 |
Utilize formula：P=TsMt, it is 4.2MPa to calculate the safe hydraulic pressure in control point, and it is 25m to calculate safety level drawdown.White-out
Drilling drawdown is 375m.White-out drilling is partially penetrating well, utilizes formula：
It is 191.75m to calculate the maximum white-out flow of white-out drilling3/d。
Tunnel linear equation is established, according to thin drop work arrangement figure, takes two-end-point on the center line in roadway for intending laying drilling,
Use 2 formula obtain tunnel linear equation for
Y=6.1344x-378.2,66.041≤x≤157.916
Using Matlab GAs Toolboxes, solving-optimizing model：
Genetic algorithm searching process such as Fig. 4, it is (115.947,333.065) to obtain optimal hole position coordinate.
Using each control point drawdown be 25m as condition, calculate required drilling white-out flow (as shown in the table), wherein
Maximum is 169.48m3/ d, less than the maximum white-out flow of drilling.Each control point drawdown under the flow is calculated, it is as a result full
Sufficient safety level drawdown requirement, optimizes successfully.Therefore, white-out drilling optimum position coordinate is (115.947,333.065), most preferably
White-out flow is 169.48m3/d。
White-out flow as can be seen that the white-out flow-rate ratio after optimization drills under the conditions of drawdown reduces 22.27m3/
D, entirely reduces white-out water 668.1m in the thin drop phase3。
Water-bearing layer is generalized as in the case of homogeneous anisotropy, to rotate map α angles counterclockwise as basic point relative to origin, is made
Map reference direction of principal axis is consistent with AQUIFER HYDRAULIC principal direction, and postrotational control point coordinates see the table below.
| Number at control point | X | Y |
| 1 | 932.289 | 359.472 |
| 2 | 917.473 | 232.477 |
| 3 | 620.014 | 253.171 |
| 4 | 605.980 | 126.432 |
Postrotational tunnel linear equation is：
Y=-77.275x+4702.533,52.947≤x≤60.363
It is 4.2MPa to calculate the safe hydraulic pressure in control point, and it is 25m to calculate safety level drawdown, and white-out drilling drawdown is
375m, white-out drilling is partially penetrating well, and it is 191.75m to calculate the maximum white-out flow of white-out drilling3/d。
The following Optimized model of model foundation is sent out for the situation of partially penetrating well according to white-out drilling：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
yp=-77.275xp+4702.533
25≤Si(ri, z, t) and ＜ 375
52.947≤xp≤60.363
0 ＜ Qpi≤191.75
I=1,2,3,4
Using Matlab GAs Toolbox solving-optimizing models, search procedure is as shown in figure 5, result such as following table institute
Show.As a result the optimal hole position coordinate (52.974,608.967) in is the coordinate under the coordinate system after map rotation, then with phase
Map α angles are rotated clockwise for basic point to origin, obtain optimal hole position coordinate under original coordinate system for (157.915,
590.517), optimal white-out flow is 164.36m3/d。
As can be seen that the white-out flow-rate ratio maximum white-out flow after optimization reduces 27.39m3/ d, entirely subtracts in the thin drop phase
Few white-out water 821.7m3。
The foregoing is merely the preferable case study on implementation of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the invention, all principles in the present invention
With all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within spirit etc., it is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of seat earth high artesian underground single hole dredges drop optimization method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
A. geology, the hydrology and the exploration information of mining area are collected, Shu Jiang areas hydrogeologic condition is treated according to the information being collected into
Generally changed, i.e., by the boundary characteristic of water-bearing layer reality, internal structure, permeance property, hydraulic characteristic and mend the progress letter of footpath condition
Change；The infiltration coefficient tested according to conventionally known diverse geographic location drill-hole pumping, compares the drop to be dredged of tested region
Permeability coefficient on water-bearing layer difference position in Dai Shujiang areas is equidirectional whether there is significant difference, if difference position is same
Permeability coefficient difference on direction is smaller, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, difference is larger, is generalized as non-
Homogeneous aquifer, compare wait to dredge drop water-bearing layer in Dai Shujiang areas any point in different directions permeability coefficient with the presence or absence of aobvious
Write difference, will wait that dredging drop water-bearing layer is generalized as isotropic aquifer if differing smaller, difference is larger be generalized as it is each to
Different in nature water-bearing layer；
B. when when the thin drop water-bearing layer of tested region is generalized as homogeneous aquifer, to cover tunnel to be dug or exploitation working face
For range boundary as drop border is dredged, it is water level control point that tunnel or face end point are selected in thin drop border；
Calculate water level control point safety level drawdown：
Utilize Si Liesaliefu formula：Calculate the peace that bottom plate is born at the water level control point of digging laneway
Full water pressure psafe, units MPa, in formula：T is impermeable layer thickness, and unit m, L are span length, and unit m, γ are water-resisting floor
Average severe, unit MN/m3；KpFor the average tensile strength of water-resisting floor, units MPa；
Utilize water bursting coefficient formula：psafe=TsMt, calculate the safe hydraulic pressure that bottom plate is born at the water level control point of exploitation working face
psafe, units MPa, in formula：MtFor water-resisting floor thickness, unit m, TsFor critical water inrush coefficient, TsIt is worth basis《Colliery prevents
Water provides》In, bottom plate is 0.06MPa/m by structure destruction block, and normal block is 0.1MPa/m；
Collect each water level control point seat earth absolute altitude Hf=[Hf1,...,Hfi,...Hfn] with dredging the water level elevation H before droppingo=
[Ho1,...,Hoi,...Hon], unit m, utilizes formula Hsafe=psafe×100+Hf, safe hydraulic pressure is converted into safety level
Hsafe=[Hs1,...,Hsi,...Hsn], recycle formula Ssafe=Ho-Hsafe, obtain the safety level at each water level control point
Drawdown Ssafe=[Ss1,...,Ssi,...,Ssn], S in formulasiFor the safety level drawdown at i-th of control point；
C. white-out drilling position candidate is built：Tunnel where the position candidate that drills is abstracted as one to be sat by drilling position candidate
The straightway that punctuate is formed, passes through formula using any two points on straightway：Y=ax+b obtains the straight of white-out drilling position candidate
Line equation, marks out the coordinate range x where the x points of straightwayp1≤x≤xp2, in formula：A is straight slope, and b cuts for straight line
Away from [xp1,xp2] it is straightway coordinate range；
D. homogeneous isotropic water-bearing layer underground single hole white-out optimizes：
Optimize bore position：When tested region in step a wait dredge drop water-bearing layer be generalized as homogeneous isotropic aquifer when, with
The minimum target of each water level control point maximum distance in tested region tunnel is abstracted on straightway y=ax+b point and tunnel
Function, establishes following Optimized model：
min dm=max (di)
s.t.di=(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2
yp=axp+b
xp1≤xp≤xp2
I=1,2,3 ..n
In formula, (xp,yp) it is white-out borehole coordinate, (xi,yi) it is i-th of water level control point coordinates, diDrill and control for white-out
Distance between point, above-mentioned Optimized model is solved using genetic algorithm in straightway coordinate range, is obtained and each hydraulic pressure/water level control
The white-out borehole coordinate of system point maximum distance minimum, i.e., optimal white-out borehole coordinate (xbest,ybest)；
Optimization drilling white-out flow：When white-out drilling does not completely penetrate through whole aqueous layer thickness, that is, it is partially penetrating well to drill, and water
Position control point is with the air line distance for dredging drop drill centerWhen, using formula：
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Be complete penetration of well when drilling completely penetrates through whole underground reservoir, or drilling for partially penetrating well and
When, using formula：
Optimization drilling white-out flow；
In formula：Q is drilling white-out flow/water yield, KrrTo dredge drop section horizontal direction infiltration coefficient；KzzPermeated for vertical direction
Coefficient；M is aqueous layer thickness；μeFor elastic storativity；W(ur) it is Theis well functions；ζ is incomplete property additional drag system
Number；R is to dredge drop drilling to the air line distance at control point；D is the distance at the top of water-bearing layer top plate to thin drop drilling filter；L is
The distance of drilling filter bottom drops to dredging in water-bearing layer top plate；Z is water-bearing layer top plate to water-level observation bottom hole portion, that is, aperture position
The distance between；
In (xbest,ybest) place's laying white-out drilling, calculate drawdown and dredge the preceding water-bearing layer height of water level of drop and coal for tunnel or working face
The difference of layer floor level is denoted as SmaxUnder the conditions of drilling drain discharge be denoted as Qmax, which is the Maximum Constraint bar in optimization
Part, that is, drill white-out flow rate upper limit value, specifically by S (r, t)=Smax, r=rw, z=0.7l, d=0 substitute into formulaWherein rwQ is calculated for white-out boring radiusmax；Afterwards successively by each water level control point generation
Enter above formula and be calculated to reach safety level drawdown SsafeRequired white-out flow Qp=[Qp1,...,Qpi,...Qpn], QpiFor water
Position control point i reaches safety level drawdown SsiWhen it is corresponding drilling white-out flow, by QpIn maximum max (Qp) and QmaxThan
Compared with if max (Qp)≤Qmax, then drill optimal white-out flow Qbest=max (Qp), optimize successfully；Otherwise, one borehole dredges drop
The target of safety driving and back production is can not achieve, Optimization Steps terminate；
E. the white-out optimization in the case of homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer：
When in step a wait dredge drop water-bearing layer be generalized as homogeneous anisotropy water-bearing layer when, original work arrangement map reference axis side
Inconsistent phenomenon occurs to AQUIFER HYDRAULIC principal direction, rotation map makes change in coordinate axis direction and infiltration coefficient principal direction
Unanimously, each water level control point coordinates is updated according to rotatable coordinate axis angle and direction, repeat step c obtains postrotational coordinate system
Lower tunnel linear equation y=ax+b and its coordinate range, reach safety level drawdown S to minimize each control pointsafeIt is required most
Big white-out flow is object function, establishes Optimized model：
When white-out drilling is the situation of partially penetrating well, model form is as follows：
min Qpm=max (Qpi)
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When white-out drilling is the situation of complete penetration of well, model form is as follows：
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In formula：KxxTo wait to dredge the drop main infiltration coefficient in water-bearing layer x directions, KyyFor the main infiltration coefficient in y directions, KzzFor the main infiltration in z directions
Coefficient, three direction are mutually perpendicular to, θiFor the angle between white-out drilling and the main infiltration direction of control point i lines and x, KθiIt is thin
Row hole drilling and the infiltration coefficient in control point i lines direction, QpiPoint i reaches safety level drawdown S in order to controlsiRequired drilling white-out
Flow, QmaxFor the maximum white-out flow of drilling, QmaxCalculate the formula used in step d；
Above-mentioned Optimized model is solved using genetic algorithm, when there is the optimal solution that meets constraints, then optimizes successfully, will obtain
Hole position coordinate rotate to original coordinate system, obtain optimal hole position coordinate (xbest,ybest) and white-out flow QbestIf not
There are optimal solution, then one borehole white-out can not achieve driving safely and the target of back production, optimization terminate.
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