CN105044773A - Converted-wave well-seismic calibration method and apparatus - Google Patents
Converted-wave well-seismic calibration method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the seismic exploration technology field and especially relates to a converted-wave well-seismic calibration method and an apparatus. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring a converted-wave synthetic record of a near-well seismic trace; determining an overall time shift quantity and a phase rotation quantity of the converted-wave synthetic record, carrying out overall time shift and phase rotation on the converted-wave synthetic record based on the overall time shift quantity and the phase rotation quantity respectively and acquiring an original optimized converted-wave synthetic record; based on a preset algorithm, carrying out time shift deviation calculation on the original optimized converted-wave synthetic record and the near-well seismic trace and acquiring a time shift quantity of each sample point in the original optimized converted-wave synthetic record relative to a corresponding sample point in the near-well seismic trace; based on the time shift quantity of each sample point, carrying out time shift adjusting on the original optimized converted-wave synthetic record and acquiring a re-optimized converted-wave synthetic record; based on the re-optimized converted-wave synthetic record, acquiring a time-depth curve. By using the method and the apparatus, reliability of the converted-wave well-seismic calibration is increased and an application on aspects of seismic data interpretation and reservoir prediction is wide.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to seismic exploration technique field, especially relates to a kind of transformed wave well shake scaling method and device.
Background technology
It is crucial, the important step of in seismic interpretation one that well shake is demarcated, and is the bridge connecting well logging, earthquake and geological information, the whether accurate accuracy that directly decide seismic interpretation and inverting of its result.For compressional wave, the process that well shake is demarcated generally comprises following step: first calculate reflection coefficient based on well curve; Secondly seismic wavelet and reflection coefficient are carried out convolution produces composite traces; Then composite traces and seismic trace are carried out the calculating of time shift deviation; Dark relation curve during final updating.
And the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of transformed wave data is usually low than compressional wave, and stratum is strong to the absorptance compressional wave of transformed wave energy, such that the energy of transformed wave is less, frequency is lower.These unfavorable factors existed in transformed wave geological data and transformed wave composite traces, make transformed wave well shake marked ratio compressional wave well shake demarcation difficulty much bigger.Similar with compressional wave, the shake of transformed wave well also needs to compress composite traces and stretch in demarcating.At present conventional calibration software provides an interactive interface so that carry out logging well and artificial demarcation between earthquake, namely allows user by carrying out time shift alternately, the mode of Tension and Compression theogram mates seismic trace.When user manually carries out time shift deviation calculating composite traces and seismic trace, calibration software can upgrade time-depth curve automatically.But, this process wastes time and energy, and calibration result depends on the skills and experience of user completely, has larger personal error unavoidably, thus the reliability of its calibration result is lower, thus is unfavorable for confidence level and the accuracy of latter earthquake explanation and inversion result.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of transformed wave well to shake scaling method and device, to improve the reliability that the shake of transformed wave well is demarcated.
For achieving the above object, on the one hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of transformed wave well shake scaling method, comprises the following steps:
Obtain the transformed wave composite traces of seismic trace near well;
Determine overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces;
Based on preset algorithm, the calculating of time shift deviation is carried out to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well;
Time shift amount based on each sampling point carries out time shift adjustment to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtains transformation ripple composite traces again;
Time-depth curve is obtained based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of transformed wave well shake caliberating device, comprising:
First composite traces acquisition module, for obtaining the transformed wave composite traces of seismic trace near well;
Second composite traces acquisition module, for determining overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces;
Sampling point time shift amount acquisition module, for carrying out the calculating of time shift deviation based on preset algorithm to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well;
3rd composite traces acquisition module, carries out time shift adjustment for the time shift amount based on each sampling point to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtains transformation ripple composite traces again;
Time-depth curve acquisition module, for obtaining time-depth curve based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.
The embodiment of the present application is carrying out overall time shift and phase rotating based on overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation to transformed wave composite traces, after obtaining first transformation ripple composite traces, transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is mated again by preset algorithm, this matching process can substituted for the manual Tension and Compression in existing well shake demarcation, thus well human factor caused shake calibrated error is reduced to minimum, the reliability that the shake of transformed wave well is demarcated thus greatly can be improved.Thus be conducive to confidence level and the accuracy of latter earthquake explanation and inversion result.Therefore, the embodiment of the present application has broad application prospects in seismic data interpretation and reservoir prediction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide the further understanding to the embodiment of the present application, forms the part of the embodiment of the present application, does not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the transformed wave well shake scaling method of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is transformed wave superposition of data schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is the waveform schematic diagram of the Ricker wavelet chosen in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is the log data schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;
Schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is the phase rotating 20 degree of composite traces in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 6 is the contrast schematic diagram of converted waves data and composite traces in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 7 be adopt the embodiment of the present application upgrade before and after time dark relation curve schematic diagram (dotted line for upgrade before, solid line for upgrade after);
Fig. 8 is the structured flowchart of the transformed wave well shake caliberating device of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 9 is the structured flowchart of the second composite traces acquisition module in the embodiment of the present application.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present application is described in further details.At this, the schematic description and description of the embodiment of the present application for explaining the embodiment of the present application, but not as the restriction to the embodiment of the present application.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the embodiment of the present application is described in further detail.
Shown in figure 1, the transformed wave well shake scaling method of the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:
The transformed wave composite traces of S1, acquisition seismic trace near well.Concrete obtaining step is as follows:
First, utilize p-wave source earthquake-wave-exciting in the wild and utilize wave detector record seismic event, conveniently seism processing flow process carries out the high-fidelity process of relative amplitude maintenance to the converted waves data gathered, and forms transformed wave superposition of data, as shown in Figure 2;
Secondly, by carrying out Analyzing the amplitude spectrum to seismic trace near well, such as, Taoist monastic name in Fig. 2 be 332 seismic trace (hereinafter referred to as the road) center spectrum that obtains spectral amplitude be 25Hz.
Then, using 25Hz center spectrum as the crest frequency of wavelet, produce the Ricker wavelet of 25Hz, as shown in Figure 3;
Again, the Converted wave reflection coefficient of setting transformed wave incident angle (such as 20 degree) is calculated according to log data (such as shown in Fig. 4);
Finally, Converted wave reflection coefficient and Ricker wavelet are carried out convolution and can obtain transformed wave composite traces.
S2, the overall time shift amount determining described transformed wave composite traces and the amount of phase rotation, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces.The overall time shift amount of described transformed wave composite traces and the amount of phase rotation obtain by carrying out correlation analysis to described seismic trace near well and described transformed wave composite traces.Concrete,
In the embodiment of the present application, the overall time shift measurer body of described transformed wave composite traces obtains by following steps:
Transformed wave composite traces is carried out overall time shift according to time shift order (such as from top to bottom) preset and time shift stepping-in amount, and calculates the cross-correlation coefficient of the transformed wave composite traces after each overall time shift and described seismic trace near well;
Choose the overall time shift amount of time shift increment when wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum as described transformed wave composite traces.
In the embodiment of the present application, the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces is obtained by concrete following steps:
By the phase place based on the transformed wave composite traces after the overall time shift of described overall time shift amount, rotate according to the rotational order preset and rotation stepping-in amount (such as 1 degree), and calculate the cross-correlation coefficient of each postrotational transformed wave composite traces and described seismic trace near well;
Choose the amount of phase rotation as described transformed wave composite traces of phase increment when wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum.General, the variation range of the phase place of transformed wave composite traces is 1 ~ 360 degree, such as through computational analysis, when the phase rotating 20 degree of transformed wave composite traces, the cross-correlation coefficient of transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is maximum, at this moment transformed wave composite traces is carried out to the normal phase rotating (such as shown in Fig. 5) of 20 degree.
In the embodiment of the present application, above-mentioned overall time shift and phase rotating can successively carry out, and such as first calculate overall time shift amount and with this overall time shift amount for according to carrying out overall time shift, then calculate the amount of phase rotation and with this amount of phase rotation for according to carrying out phase rotating.Certainly, in another embodiment of the application, also can adopt other orders.
S3, based on preset algorithm, the calculating of time shift deviation is carried out to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well.Described preset algorithm can adopt dynamic time warping algorithm (DTW, DynamicTimeWarping).In the embodiment of the present application, a specific implementation of DTW algorithm can be: set a time shift weight range, parameter DTW calculates the two dimensional alignment error just between transformation ripple composite traces and these two time serieses of seismic trace near well according to this, and then obtain two-dimentional Cumulative Distance, in two-dimentional Cumulative Distance, minimal path is found in backward tracing, can obtain the time shift amount of each sampling point along this path.
S4, based on the time shift amount of each sampling point, time shift adjustment is carried out to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtain transformation ripple composite traces again.
S5, obtain time-depth curve based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.Shown in composition graphs 7, before renewal, the related coefficient between transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is little, and the time dark relation curve reliability obtained thus is low; After renewal, the related coefficient between transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is large, and the time dark relation curve reliability obtained thus is high.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to data be carried out showing and contrasting better, same data can carry out repeating display.16th ~ 20 roads such as shown in Fig. 6 and 21st ~ 25 track datas; From first, every 5 roads have been same Data duplications 5 times.Wherein 1st ~ 5 roads are transformed wave seismic trace near wells, and 6th ~ 10 roads are transformed wave composite traces, and the related coefficient in itself and 1-5 road is 0.57; 11st ~ 15 roads are the transformed wave composite traces after carrying out phase rotating, and the related coefficient in itself and 1-5 road is 0.60; 16-20 road carries out the composite traces after simple dynamic conditioning to 11st ~ 15 roads, and the related coefficient in itself and 1-5 road is 0.86; 21st ~ 25 roads are optimized the composite traces after dynamic conditioning to 11st ~ 15 roads, and the related coefficient in itself and 1st ~ 5 roads is 0.92.
The embodiment of the present application is after carrying out preliminary adjustment, transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is mated with dynamic time warping algorithm, this matching process can substituted for the manual Tension and Compression in existing well shake demarcation, thus well human factor caused shake calibrated error is reduced to minimum, the reliability that the shake of transformed wave well is demarcated thus greatly can be improved.Thus be conducive to confidence level and the accuracy of latter earthquake explanation and inversion result.Therefore, the embodiment of the present application has broad application prospects in seismic data interpretation and reservoir prediction.
Shown in composition graphs 8, to shake scaling method embodiment corresponding with above-mentioned transformed wave well, and the transformed wave well shake caliberating device of the embodiment of the present application comprises:
First composite traces acquisition module 81, for obtaining the transformed wave composite traces of seismic trace near well;
Second composite traces acquisition module 82, for determining overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces; Wherein, described second composite traces acquisition module is by carrying out overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation that correlation analysis obtains described transformed wave composite traces to described seismic trace near well and described transformed wave composite traces;
Sampling point time shift amount acquisition module 83, for carrying out the calculating of time shift deviation based on preset algorithm to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well; Described preset algorithm can be such as dynamic time warping algorithm DTW;
3rd composite traces acquisition module 84, carries out time shift adjustment for the time shift amount based on each sampling point to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtains transformation ripple composite traces again;
Time-depth curve acquisition module 85, for obtaining time-depth curve based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.
Shown in composition graphs 9, above-mentioned second composite traces acquisition module 82 comprises:
First cross-correlation coefficient obtains submodule 821, for transformed wave composite traces is carried out overall time shift according to the time shift order preset and time shift stepping-in amount, and calculates the cross-correlation coefficient of the transformed wave composite traces after each overall time shift and described seismic trace near well;
Overall time shift amount obtains submodule 822, and time shift increment during for choosing that wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum is as the overall time shift amount of described transformed wave composite traces;
Second cross-correlation coefficient obtains submodule 823, for by the phase place based on the transformed wave composite traces after the overall time shift of described overall time shift amount, rotate according to the rotational order preset and rotation stepping-in amount, and calculate the cross-correlation coefficient of each postrotational transformed wave composite traces and described seismic trace near well;
The amount of phase rotation obtains submodule 824, and phase increment during for choosing that wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum is as the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces.
The embodiment of the present application is after carrying out preliminary adjustment, transformed wave composite traces and seismic trace near well is mated with dynamic time warping algorithm, this matching process can substituted for the manual Tension and Compression in existing well shake demarcation, thus well human factor caused shake calibrated error is reduced to minimum, the reliability that the shake of transformed wave well is demarcated thus greatly can be improved.Thus be conducive to confidence level and the accuracy of latter earthquake explanation and inversion result.
Those skilled in the art can also recognize that various illustrative components, blocks, unit and step that the embodiment of the present application is listed can be realized by hardware, software or both combinations.So to being realized the designing requirement depending on specific application and whole system by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art for often kind of specifically application, can use the function described in the realization of various method, but this realization can should not be understood to the scope exceeding the embodiment of the present application protection.
Various illustrative logical block described in the embodiment of the present application, or unit can pass through general processor, digital signal processor, special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the design of above-mentioned any combination realizes or operates described function.General processor can be microprocessor, and alternatively, this general processor also can be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be realized by the combination of calculation element, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor, multi-microprocessor, and a Digital Signal Processor Core combined by one or more microprocessor, or other similar configuration any realizes.
The software module that method described in the embodiment of the present application or the step of algorithm directly can embed hardware, processor performs or the combination of both.Software module can be stored in the storage medium of other arbitrary form in RAM storer, flash memory, ROM storer, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area.Exemplarily, storage medium can be connected with processor, with make processor can from storage medium reading information, and write information can be deposited to storage medium.Alternatively, storage medium can also be integrated in processor.Processor and storage medium can be arranged in ASIC, and ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storage medium also can be arranged in the different parts in user terminal.
In one or more exemplary design, the above-mentioned functions described by the embodiment of the present application can realize in the combination in any of hardware, software, firmware or this three.If realized in software, these functions can store on the medium with computer-readable, or are transmitted on the medium of computer-readable with one or more instruction or code form.Computer readable medium comprises computer storage medium and is convenient to make to allow computer program transfer to the telecommunication media in other place from a place.Storage medium can be that any general or special computer can the useable medium of access.Such as, such computer readable media can include but not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or other anyly may be used for carrying or store the medium that can be read the program code of form with instruction or data structure and other by general or special computer or general or special processor.In addition, any connection can be properly termed computer readable medium, such as, if software is by a concentric cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or being also comprised in defined computer readable medium with wireless way for transmittings such as such as infrared, wireless and microwaves from a web-site, server or other remote resource.Described video disc (disk) and disk (disc) comprise Zip disk, radium-shine dish, CD, DVD, floppy disk and Blu-ray Disc, and disk is usually with magnetic duplication data, and video disc carries out optical reproduction data with laser usually.Above-mentioned combination also can be included in computer readable medium.
Above-described specific embodiment; the object of the application, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the embodiment of the present application; and be not used in the protection domain limiting the application; within all spirit in the application and principle, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the application.
Claims (10)
1. a transformed wave well shake scaling method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Obtain the transformed wave composite traces of seismic trace near well;
Determine overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces;
Based on preset algorithm, the calculating of time shift deviation is carried out to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well;
Time shift amount based on each sampling point carries out time shift adjustment to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtains transformation ripple composite traces again;
Time-depth curve is obtained based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.
2. transformed wave well shake scaling method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described preset algorithm comprises dynamic time warping algorithm.
3. transformed wave well shake scaling method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the overall time shift amount of described transformed wave composite traces and the amount of phase rotation obtain by carrying out correlation analysis to described seismic trace near well and described transformed wave composite traces.
4. transformed wave well shake scaling method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the overall time shift amount of described transformed wave composite traces obtains especially by following steps:
Transformed wave composite traces is carried out overall time shift according to the time shift order preset and time shift stepping-in amount, and calculates the cross-correlation coefficient of the transformed wave composite traces after each overall time shift and described seismic trace near well;
Choose the overall time shift amount of time shift increment when wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum as described transformed wave composite traces.
5. transformed wave well shake scaling method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces is obtained by concrete following steps:
By the phase place based on the transformed wave composite traces after the overall time shift of described overall time shift amount, rotate according to the rotational order preset and rotation stepping-in amount, and calculate the cross-correlation coefficient of each postrotational transformed wave composite traces and described seismic trace near well;
Choose the amount of phase rotation as described transformed wave composite traces of phase increment when wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum.
6. a transformed wave well shake caliberating device, is characterized in that, comprising:
First composite traces acquisition module, for obtaining the transformed wave composite traces of seismic trace near well;
Second composite traces acquisition module, for determining overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces, and based on described overall time shift amount and described the amount of phase rotation, overall time shift and phase rotating are carried out to described transformed wave composite traces respectively, obtain just transformation ripple composite traces;
Sampling point time shift amount acquisition module, for carrying out the calculating of time shift deviation based on preset algorithm to described just transformation ripple composite traces and described seismic trace near well, to obtain in described just transformation ripple composite traces each sampling point relative to the time shift amount of sampling point corresponding in described seismic trace near well;
3rd composite traces acquisition module, carries out time shift adjustment for the time shift amount based on each sampling point to described just transformation ripple composite traces, obtains transformation ripple composite traces again;
Time-depth curve acquisition module, for obtaining time-depth curve based on the described ripple of transformation again composite traces.
7. transformed wave well shake caliberating device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described preset algorithm comprises dynamic time warping algorithm.
8. transformed wave well shake caliberating device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described second composite traces acquisition module is by carrying out overall time shift amount and the amount of phase rotation that correlation analysis obtains described transformed wave composite traces to described seismic trace near well and described transformed wave composite traces.
9. transformed wave well shake caliberating device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described second composite traces acquisition module, comprising:
First cross-correlation coefficient obtains submodule, for transformed wave composite traces is carried out overall time shift according to the time shift order preset and time shift stepping-in amount, and calculates the cross-correlation coefficient of the transformed wave composite traces after each overall time shift and described seismic trace near well;
Overall time shift amount obtains submodule, and time shift increment during for choosing that wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum is as the overall time shift amount of described transformed wave composite traces.
10. transformed wave well shake caliberating device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described second composite traces acquisition module, comprising:
Second cross-correlation coefficient obtains submodule, for by the phase place based on the transformed wave composite traces after the overall time shift of described overall time shift amount, rotate according to the rotational order preset and rotation stepping-in amount, and calculate the cross-correlation coefficient of each postrotational transformed wave composite traces and described seismic trace near well;
The amount of phase rotation obtains submodule, and phase increment during for choosing that wherein cross-correlation coefficient is maximum is as the amount of phase rotation of described transformed wave composite traces.
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