CN105044564A - Method and device for detecting cable insulation dielectric spectrum - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting cable insulation dielectric spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN105044564A CN105044564A CN201510287429.8A CN201510287429A CN105044564A CN 105044564 A CN105044564 A CN 105044564A CN 201510287429 A CN201510287429 A CN 201510287429A CN 105044564 A CN105044564 A CN 105044564A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for detecting a cable insulation dielectric spectrum. According to the invention, periodically changing exponential waveform voltage is applied to a detected cable; and a dielectric loss tangent value curve of the detected insulated cable is calculated according to a frequency domain phase relation of the waveform voltage and current at a rising edge or a falling edge of exponential waves. The detection device is small in size and more portable; the detection voltage has smaller damages for the cable; and more frequency domain components are contained, and the exponential wave voltage can be applied to detecting a dielectric spectrum of a high-voltage distribution cable through exploring a calculation algorithm of tan(delta), and such an ability is not possessed by sine-wave voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power equipment cable insulation medium spectrum detection method and pick-up unit, particularly relate to one and be applicable to power cable insulation medium spectrum detection method and pick-up unit.
Background technology
In recent years, in order to improve urban environment, ensure the safe and reliable operation of electrical network, distribution cable just progressively substitutes traditional pole line, is more and more widely used in distribution network construction.But adopt underground power cable in a large number along with the technical progress of industry of China's cables manufacturing in recent years and city transmission and distribution network, because power cable body insulation manufacturing defect, cable and annex construction and installation mass defect and cable accessory workmanship defect cause the phenomenon of cable line operation troubles day by day serious.Because cable is embedded in underground, once break down, very difficult, the consuming time length of its troubleshooting, affects the normal operation of electrical network, cause larger economic loss, inconvenience is caused to the running as usual of the daily life of resident, the daily production of production division and other social nonproductive departments.
There has been a large amount of different types of cable insulation state inspection both at home and abroad.Compare and can find out, the advantage that Ultra-low Frenquency Voltage detection technique has other several detection techniques not have, on the basis ensureing testing apparatus lightweight and portable in volume, the change of tan δ can accurately be reflected, what is more important, under ultralow frequency, the tan δ value of cable and its water treeization degree present good correlativity, and at higher frequencies both relation and not obvious, therefore, ultralow frequency detection technique more has very large advantage on cable water branch ageing management.The ultralow frequency test guidance that can provide according to U.S.'s Electrical Motor, the voltage waveform being applicable to the detection of distribution cable ultralow frequency has four kinds: cosine square wave, sinusoidal wave, bipolarity square wave, the direct current step ripple of other positive-negative polarities change of modulation.Ultralow frequency sine wave produces or needs the process of modulation and demodulation, requires higher to filter function, or uses electric rotating machine, bulky, underaction; And the control strategy of cosine square wave production process breaker in middle is complicated, the moment is needed to judge capacitive peak.Square wave is similar to DC voltage withstand test, has only been many 5s commutation process once, cannot the normal operating conditions of good equivalent cable, and the direct current step ripple of modulation needs more complicated industrial digital control technology.
Summary of the invention
It is simple that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of control structure, can test dielectric loss under multi-frequency and cannot obtain medium spectral function, the cable insulation medium spectrum detection method less to cable fault and device.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of cable insulation medium spectrum detection method, and concrete grammar is: the exponential waveform voltage applying mechanical periodicity on detected cable; The Dielectric loss tangent value curve of detected insulated cable is calculated by the frequency domain phase relation of waveform voltage and electric current at the rising edge of exponential wave or negative edge;
The waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity meets following formula:
Wherein, U
0for the waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity; V
infor the voltage magnitude preset; A is exponential waveform attenuation parameter, and its value is determined by exponential waveform driving source setup parameter and detected electric cable capacitance capacitance and insulation resistance parameter; t
0~ t
4constant duration distribution successively.
As preferably, the concrete grammar that described calculating is detected the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of insulated cable is: the voltage and current waveform obtained of being sampled at detected insulated cable two ends carries out signal extraction, extract the voltage current waveform signal between rising edge signal, and Fourier transform is carried out to it, obtain voltage and current frequency domain amplitude phase waveform, and then the phase differential δ both calculating, calculate the curve (i.e. medium spectral function) of Dielectric loss tangent value with frequency change that tan δ can obtain detected insulated cable.
As preferably, described method also comprises: improve and apply electric pressure, finds punch-through or the potential risk that punctures, and record this maximum voltage value until reach in detected cable the highest permissions applying magnitude of voltage or pressure process.
As preferably, described method also comprises: repeat describedly to improve the resistance test applying electric pressure along with cable life increases, according to increasing the withstand voltage variation tendency and data scatter that occur along with cable life, assess the state of insulation of detected cable.
As preferably, described method also comprises: detect and resistance test result according to dielectric loss, assess the state of insulation of detected cable.
A kind of cable insulation medium spectrum detection device, is characterized in that, comprise;
Exponential waveform voltage drive source, for generation of the exponential waveform voltage of mechanical periodicity, and is applied on detected insulated cable;
Coupling sampling unit, gathers exponential wave waveform voltage and electric current at the rising edge of exponential wave or negative edge;
Medium spectrum computing module, the frequency domain phase relation passing through gathered waveform voltage and electric current calculates the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of detected insulated cable.
As preferably, also comprise Condition assessment of insulation module, detect and resistance test result according to dielectric loss, the state of insulation of detected cable is assessed.
As preferably, described exponential waveform voltage drive source comprises AC transformer, semiconductor switch module, waveform adapt to module and Master Control Unit; Two input ends of described AC transformer are connected with AC power by primary side shearing device; Two output terminals of described transformer, one end is connected with semiconductor switch module by protective resistance, other end ground connection; Described semiconductor switch module adapts to module by high voltage silicon rectifier stack and waveform and is connected; Described semiconductor switch module comprises the first semiconductor switch module and the second semiconductor switch module; Described first semiconductor switch module only works in positive charge loop and back discharge loop; Described second semiconductor switch module only works in forward discharge loop and reverse charging loop; Described waveform adapts to module and comprises, the first input end be connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack and the second input end be connected with another output terminal of AC transformer; Described waveform adapts to module and also comprises the first output terminal be connected with detected insulated cable core and the second output terminal be extremely connected with detected insulated cable ground wire; Described Master Control Unit and control shearing device is connected, and cuts off the electricity supply at discharge regime, the transformer of short circuit simultaneously primary side; Described Master Control Unit is connected with the first and second semiconductor switch modules, regulates the frequency of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable; Described Master Control Unit and waveform adapt to module and are connected, and regulate the waveform shape of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable;
The output voltage of described AC transformer is 0 to 30kV.
As preferably, described first or second semiconductor switch module comprises the electron electric power switch of more than 10 IGBT switch element cascaded structures, and each IGBT switch element structure comprises the isolating transformer, IGBT drive circuit, IGTB chip and the buffering protection circuit that are connected successively; Master Control Unit is connected with IGBT drive circuit.
As preferably, described waveform adapts to module and comprises the isolation capacitance be connected between two input ends or two output terminals; Also comprise series connection and the plural IGBT module between first input end and the first output terminal; Described IGBT module comprises the first igbt transistor and the second igbt transistor two igbt transistors and a parameter regulating resistance; The emitter of described first igbt transistor is connected to parameter regulating resistance one end, and collector is connected to the other end of parameter resistance; The collector of described second igbt transistor is connected to described parameter regulating resistance one end, and emitter is connected to the other end of described parameter resistance; Master Control Unit is connected with the gate pole of all igbt transistors, controls cut-offfing of each igbt transistor.
As preferably, described coupling sampling unit comprises current sampling resistor and resitstance voltage divider; Described current sampling resistor one end is connected with the metal screen layer of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection; One end of described resitstance voltage divider is connected with the core of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection.
As preferably, the high-tension resistive that described resitstance voltage divider comprises series connection intercepts resistance and low resistance intercepts resistance, and one end that described high-tension resistive intercepts resistance is connected with the core of detected insulated cable.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, adopt exponential waveform voltage drive to carry out resistance test, checkout equipment volume is little, lighter; Driving source equipment volume is little, and the functional unit quantity that test loop comprises is few, can also reduced volume further by the electronic power switch of structure reasonable in design, reduces weight; 2, there is voltage commutation in exponential waveform alternating voltage, there is not charge accumulation effects; 3, exponential wave voltage commutation process is slower than cosine square wave, faster than sine wave, is a kind of detection voltage less to cable fault; 3, can there is adaptations with detected insulated cable difference in excitation sources waveform shape, and driving voltage grade is adjustable, fully, comprehensively can carry out Condition assessment of insulation to test product cable, has important engineering practical value.4, the frequency domain components that comprises of exponential wave voltage is more, and by exploring the computational algorithm of tan δ, may be used for the medium spectrum detecting high voltage distribution cable, this is not available for sine voltage; 5, directly voltage-withstand test can be carried out to test product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the present invention wherein one embodiment adopt exponential waveform shape schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the exponential waveform voltage drive source structure schematic diagram of the present invention's wherein embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the semiconductor switch module structural representation of the present invention's wherein embodiment.
Fig. 4 is that the waveform of the present invention's wherein embodiment adapts to modular structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the coupling unit structure figure of the present invention's wherein embodiment.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this instructions (comprise summary and accompanying drawing), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
A kind of cable insulation medium spectrum detection method, concrete grammar is: the exponential waveform voltage applying mechanical periodicity on detected cable; Calculate by the frequency domain phase relation of waveform voltage and electric current the Dielectric loss tangent value curve being detected insulated cable at the rising edge of exponential wave;
As shown in Figure 1, the waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity meets following formula:
Wherein, U
0for the waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity; V
infor the voltage magnitude preset; A is exponential waveform attenuation parameter, its value by exponential waveform driving source (as shown in Figure 4, in this specific embodiment, by the switch selectivity action of igbt transistor, the resistance importing exponential waveform voltage drive source into is changed, reaches amendment a value and then regulate the object putting on detected insulated cable two ends exponential wave voltage waveform.) setup parameter and detected electric cable capacitance capacitance and insulation resistance parameter determine; t
0~ t
4constant duration distribution successively.
In this specific embodiment, described exponential waveform voltage is 0.1Hz mechanical periodicity, t
0~ t
4constant duration distribution successively, each time interval continues 2.5s, and the voltage waveform cycle is 10s.
The concrete grammar that described calculating is detected the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of insulated cable is: the voltage and current waveform obtained of being sampled at detected insulated cable two ends carries out signal extraction, extract the voltage current waveform signal between rising edge signal, and Fourier transform is carried out to it, obtain voltage and current frequency domain amplitude phase waveform, and then the phase differential δ both calculating, calculate the curve (i.e. medium spectral function) of Dielectric loss tangent value with frequency change that tan δ can obtain detected insulated cable.
In this specific embodiment, the detected insulated cable of to be a segment length be x applies the exponential wave voltage presetting waveform parameter a and electric pressure, collects detected insulated cable single-phase voltage waveform, current waveform by coupling sampling unit.By three groups of data according to t defined above
0-t
4be divided into 4 sections, in this specific embodiment, t
0-t
1and t
2-t
3be used for analyzing the medium spectral property of detected insulated cable.To t
0-t
1and t
2-t
3voltage current waveform carry out Fourier transform respectively, obtain the frequency-domain waveform of voltage, current waveform in two periods, ask for change curve δ (f) of phase differential with frequency f of two waveforms, then obtain curve tan δ (f) of dielectric loss value with frequency change.
Described method also comprises: according to dielectric loss testing result, assesses the state of insulation of detected cable.
Be applicable to the cable insulation medium spectrum detection device of above cable insulation medium spectrum detection method, comprise;
Exponential waveform voltage drive source, for generation of the exponential waveform voltage of mechanical periodicity, and is applied on detected insulated cable;
Coupling sampling unit, gathers exponential wave waveform voltage and electric current at the rising edge of exponential wave;
Medium spectrum computing module, the frequency domain phase relation passing through gathered waveform voltage and electric current calculates the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of detected insulated cable.
Also comprise Condition assessment of insulation module, according to dielectric loss testing result, the state of insulation of detected cable is assessed.
As shown in Figure 2, described exponential waveform voltage drive source comprises AC transformer 32 (being step-up transformer in this concrete enforcement), semiconductor switch module, waveform adaptation module 38 and Master Control Unit 39; Two input ends (once holding) of described AC transformer 32 are connected with AC power (being mains supply in this specific embodiment) by primary side shearing device 31; Two output terminals of described transformer, one end is connected with semiconductor switch module by protective resistance 33, other end ground connection; Described semiconductor switch module adapts to module by high voltage silicon rectifier stack 36 with waveform and is connected; Described semiconductor switch module comprises the first semiconductor switch module 34 and the second semiconductor switch module 35; Described first semiconductor switch module 35 is only at positive charge loop (t
0-t
1) and back discharge loop (t
3-t
4) middle work; Described second semiconductor switch module 34 is only at forward discharge loop (t
1-t
2) and reverse charging loop (t
2-t
3) middle work; Described waveform adapts to module 38 and comprises, the first input end be connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack 36 and the second input end be connected with another output terminal of AC transformer 32; Described waveform adapts to module and also comprises the first output terminal be connected with detected insulated cable core and the second output terminal be extremely connected with detected insulated cable ground wire; Described Master Control Unit 39 (passing through optical fiber) and control shearing device is connected, and cuts off the electricity supply at discharge regime, the transformer of short circuit simultaneously primary side; Described Master Control Unit (by optical fiber) is connected with the first and second semiconductor switch modules, regulates the frequency of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable; Described Master Control Unit (by optical fiber) and waveform adapt to module and are connected, and regulate the waveform shape of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable;
The output voltage of described AC transformer is 0 to 30kV.
In this specific embodiment, primary side shearing device 31 adopts 10A solid-state relay; Step-up transformer 32 is 220V input, and 30kV exports, power 500W HT testing transformer; Protective resistance 33 adopts resistance to be 15k Ω; the high voltage non-inductance resistor of power 10W; high voltage silicon rectifier stack 36,37 is that 30kV is withstand voltage; the high voltage silicon rectifier stack of through-flow 20A; Master Control Unit 39 is the FPGA control circuit board controlled based on ARM; output multi-channel light/electric signal, controls solid-state relay, high-voltage semi-conductor switch and waveform respectively and adapts to module.
In this specific embodiment, described both first and second semiconductor switch modules have identical structure, as shown in Figure 3, described first or second semiconductor switch module comprises the electron electric power switch of more than 10 IGBT switch element cascaded structures, and each IGBT switch element structure comprises the isolating transformer, IGBT drive circuit, IGTB chip and the buffering protection circuit that are connected successively; Master Control Unit is connected with IGBT drive circuit transfer control signal.In this specific embodiment, civil power is connected with the input end of isolating transformer as supply voltage, and isolating transformer adopts 100W, the high voltage isolating transformer of isolation voltage 30kV.
Described waveform adapts to module and comprises the isolation capacitance 51 be connected between two input ends or two output terminals; Also comprise series connection and the plural IGBT module between first input end and the first output terminal; Described IGBT module comprises the first igbt transistor and the second igbt transistor two igbt transistors and a parameter regulating resistance; The emitter of described first igbt transistor is connected to parameter regulating resistance one end, and collector is connected to the other end of parameter resistance; The collector of described second igbt transistor is connected to described parameter regulating resistance one end, and emitter is connected to the other end of described parameter resistance; Master Control Unit is connected with the gate pole of all igbt transistors, controls cut-offfing of each igbt transistor.In this specific embodiment, the resistance sealing in exponential waveform driving source to module 38 by the selectivity action of semiconductor switch changes (short-circuit resistance), reaches amendment U
0the object of middle α value and then adjustment test product two ends exponential wave voltage waveform.Semiconductor switch 512,513 ..., the 521 only selectivity conductings when high-voltage semi-conductor switch 35 works, other moment all turn off; Semiconductor switch 52,53 ..., the 511 only selectivity conductings when high-voltage semi-conductor switch 34 works, other moment all turn off.
In this specific embodiment, electric capacity 51 adopts 500nF/30kV higfh-tension ceramics electric capacity, semiconductor switch 52,53 ..., 511 and 512,513 ..., 521 adopt the igbt chip IXB40N1000 of ixys companies, single igbt chip is withstand voltage 3kV, through-flow 40A; Resistance 522,523 ..., 531 adopt 1.5M Ω, power 30W resistant series.
As shown in Figure 5, described coupling sampling unit comprises current sampling resistor 64 and resitstance voltage divider; Described current sampling resistor 64 one end is connected with the metal screen layer of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection; One end of described resitstance voltage divider is connected with the core of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection.
The high-tension resistive that described resitstance voltage divider comprises series connection intercepts resistance 61 and low resistance obstruct resistance 63, and one end that described high-tension resistive intercepts resistance is connected with the core of detected insulated cable.
In this specific embodiment, current sampling resistor 64 is the accurate noninductive resistance of 10k Ω, 2W, and high-tension resistive intercepts resistance 61 and adopts 3 50M Ω/10W high-pressure glass glaze resistant series to form, and it is 150 Ω/2W metalfilmresistors that low resistance intercepts resistance 63.Low resistance intercepts resistance 63 and puts into shielding box, reduces spatial electromagnetic interference.
Claims (10)
1. a cable insulation medium spectrum detection method, concrete grammar is: the exponential waveform voltage applying mechanical periodicity on detected cable; The Dielectric loss tangent value curve of detected insulated cable is calculated by the frequency domain phase relation of waveform voltage and electric current at the rising edge of exponential wave or negative edge;
The waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity meets following formula:
Wherein, U
0for the waveform of the exponential waveform voltage of described mechanical periodicity; V
infor the voltage magnitude preset; α is exponential waveform attenuation parameter, and its value is determined by exponential waveform driving source setup parameter and detected electric cable capacitance capacitance and insulation resistance parameter; t
0~ t
4constant duration distribution successively.
2. cable insulation medium spectrum detection method according to claim 1, the concrete grammar that described calculating is detected the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of insulated cable is: the voltage and current waveform obtained of being sampled at detected insulated cable two ends carries out signal extraction, extract the voltage current waveform signal between rising edge signal, and Fourier transform is carried out to it, obtain voltage and current frequency domain amplitude phase waveform, and then the phase differential δ both calculating, calculate the curve of Dielectric loss tangent value with frequency change that tan δ can obtain detected insulated cable.
3. cable insulation medium spectrum detection method according to claim 1, described method also comprises: according to dielectric loss testing result, assesses the state of insulation of detected cable.
4. a cable insulation medium spectrum detection device, is characterized in that, comprises;
Exponential waveform voltage drive source, for generation of the exponential waveform voltage of mechanical periodicity, and is applied on detected insulated cable;
Coupling sampling unit, gathers exponential wave waveform voltage and electric current at the rising edge of exponential wave or negative edge;
Medium spectrum computing module, the frequency domain phase relation passing through gathered waveform voltage and electric current calculates the Dielectric loss tangent value curve of detected insulated cable.
5. cable insulation medium spectrum detection device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise Condition assessment of insulation module, according to dielectric loss testing result, assesses the state of insulation of detected cable.
6. cable insulation medium spectrum detection device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described exponential waveform voltage drive source comprises AC transformer, semiconductor switch module, waveform adaptation module and Master Control Unit; Two input ends of described AC transformer are connected with AC power by primary side shearing device; Two output terminals of described transformer, one end is connected with semiconductor switch module by protective resistance, other end ground connection; Described semiconductor switch module adapts to module by high voltage silicon rectifier stack and waveform and is connected; Described semiconductor switch module comprises the first semiconductor switch module and the second semiconductor switch module; Described first semiconductor switch module only works in positive charge loop and back discharge loop; Described second semiconductor switch module only works in forward discharge loop and reverse charging loop; Described waveform adapts to module and comprises, the first input end be connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack and the second input end be connected with another output terminal of AC transformer; Described waveform adapts to module and also comprises the first output terminal be connected with detected insulated cable core and the second output terminal be extremely connected with detected insulated cable ground wire; Described Master Control Unit and control shearing device is connected, and cuts off the electricity supply at discharge regime, the transformer of short circuit simultaneously primary side; Described Master Control Unit is connected with the first and second semiconductor switch modules, regulates the frequency of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable; Described Master Control Unit and waveform adapt to module and are connected, and regulate the waveform shape of the exponential voltage put on detected insulated cable;
The output voltage of described AC transformer is 0 to 30kV.
7. cable insulation medium spectrum detection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described first or second semiconductor switch module comprises the electron electric power switch of more than 10 IGBT switch element cascaded structures, and each IGBT switch element structure comprises the isolating transformer, IGBT drive circuit, IGTB chip and the buffering protection circuit that are connected successively; Master Control Unit is connected with IGBT drive circuit.
8. cable insulation medium spectrum detection device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described waveform adapts to module and comprises the isolation capacitance be connected between two input ends or two output terminals; Also comprise series connection and the plural IGBT module between first input end and the first output terminal; Described IGBT module comprises the first igbt transistor and the second igbt transistor two igbt transistors and a parameter regulating resistance; The emitter of described first igbt transistor is connected to parameter regulating resistance one end, and collector is connected to the other end of parameter resistance; The collector of described second igbt transistor is connected to described parameter regulating resistance one end, and emitter is connected to the other end of described parameter resistance; Master Control Unit is connected with the gate pole of all igbt transistors, controls cut-offfing of each igbt transistor.
9. according to the cable insulation medium spectrum detection device one of claim 4 to 6 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described coupling sampling unit comprises current sampling resistor and resitstance voltage divider; Described current sampling resistor one end is connected with the metal screen layer of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection; One end of described resitstance voltage divider is connected with the core of detected insulated cable, other end ground connection.
10. cable insulation medium spectrum detection device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the high-tension resistive that described resitstance voltage divider comprises series connection intercepts resistance and low resistance obstruct resistance, and one end that described high-tension resistive intercepts resistance is connected with the core of detected insulated cable.
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| CN113740613A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Device and method for testing dielectric loss of power transmission cable |
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| CN110108940A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack insulation impedance detection method and device |
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| CN109188214A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-11 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of EP rubbers cable terminal insulation layer typical fault analogy method |
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| CN113358939A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Method for calculating polymer insulation dielectric loss under high field and high frequency |
| CN113358939B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | Method for calculating polymer insulation dielectric loss under high field and high frequency |
| CN113740613A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Device and method for testing dielectric loss of power transmission cable |
| CN113740613B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-08-25 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Device and method for testing dielectric loss of power transmission cable |
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