CN105044412A - Lightning surge simulation device - Google Patents
Lightning surge simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105044412A CN105044412A CN201510565920.2A CN201510565920A CN105044412A CN 105044412 A CN105044412 A CN 105044412A CN 201510565920 A CN201510565920 A CN 201510565920A CN 105044412 A CN105044412 A CN 105044412A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightning surge simulation device comprising a charging unit, an energy storage unit, a gap switch unit, at least one first wave-modulated resistor, a second wave-modulated resistor, an inductor, a non-gap adaptive Crowbar switch unit, and a carrier for to-be-tested objects. The charging unit is connected to the energy storage unit. The non-gap adaptive Crowbar switch unit and the second wave-modulated resistor, which are connected in series, are connected in parallel with the energy storage unit and are disposed between the inductor on one hand and the gap switch unit and the at least one first wave-modulated resistor which are connected in series on the other hand. The non-gap adaptive Crowbar switch unit includes a high-voltage fast pulse semiconductor assembly and a support frame. The high-voltage fast pulse semiconductor assembly is composed of a first diode, a second diode, and a connecting plate. Long-tail waveform can be output at low capacitance. The lightning shock simulation device can be applied to class-I lightning waveform, long-tail surge current wave, and A wave and D wave of direct lightning waveform. The utilization efficiency of capacitance is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surge protector technical field of measurement and test, particularly relate to a kind of lightning impulse analogue means.
Background technology
Thunder and lightning is the one nature electric discharge phenomena of occurring in nature.After thunder and lightning occurs, by the effect of electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction, in communication line, lightning surge will be formed.Lightning impulse analogue means is mainly used in the generator of simulation lightning current, to produce the pulse current waveform of big current long duration, be mainly used in Simulation with I level thunder and lightning (direct thunder and lightning) current waveform 10/350 μ s, aircraft direct lightning effects test waveform A component, D component, and the generator of the isometric wave rear waveform of power power-supply 10/1000 μ s.
Lightning impulse analogue means in the market mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is CRL discharge loop based on conventional art, and another kind is the Crowbar discharge loop using clearance type Crowbar switch to carry out extending wave rear,
The first solution principle as shown in Figure 1, use traditional CRL discharge loop, namely by bulky capacitor energy storage, instantaneously by inductance and wave regulating resistor release, form the output waveform of big current, but the method mainly relies on the resistance R in loop to form overdamping discharge loop, impedance loop is large, shortcoming needs jumbo storage capacitor C
First scheme as shown in Figure 2, it greatly reduces the capacity of storage capacitor, its principle of work as shown in Figure 2, after main capacitor C is full of electricity, first G1 switch is triggered, when discharge current reaches peak value, high-voltage pulse generator exports high-voltage ignition signal and punctures G3 and make G2 conducting, now G2 switch is by electric capacity C, resistance R1 short circuit, inductance L 1 electric current is maximum forms afterflow bleed-off circuit by test specimen EUT, gap switch G2, by the impact of EUT and impedance loop, the electric charge slow releasing on L, thus realize the long duration waveform flowing through EUT.
(1), the control of generator is more complicated, need the triggering system simultaneously controlling two cover generators (lightning impulse analogue means and impulse voltage generator), impulse voltage generator is made to delay the dash current regular hour, time controling is wanted accurately, otherwise easily there is discharge failure phenomenon, control difficulty large;
(2), multiple ball apart from controlling, whole system needs to control except this cover trigger, needs the motion of controls G2 tri-ball and the coupling ball gap of G3, and the trigger sphere gap of impulse voltage generator body, and coordination difficulty is large;
(3), debug waveform difficulty, wave tail length is controlled by Crowbar energy storage inductor L1 size, but its loaded impedance of different test specimens is different, causes the wave rear duration to be fluctuated larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of lightning impulse analogue means, this lightning impulse analogue means can utilize less electric capacity to realize exporting long wave coda wave shape, can be applicable to I class thunder and lightning waveform 10/350us, steep impulse current waveform 1/10us, long wave tail slide hits current wave 10/1000 μ s, and A ripple (6.4/69 μ s), the D ripple (3.2/34.5 μ s) of direct thunder and lightning (or indirect thunder and lightning) effect waveform, improve electric capacity utilization ratio.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of lightning impulse analogue means, comprise charhing unit, energy-storage units, gap switch unit, at least one first wave regulating resistor, the second wave regulating resistor, inductance, non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element and determinand microscope carrier, described charhing unit is connected to energy-storage units, and the non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element of series connection, the second wave regulating resistor are in parallel with energy-storage units and between inductance and the gap switch unit be connected in series, the first wave regulating resistor;
Described gap switch unit comprises spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure conductive plate, this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, to be located by connecting by insulating support rod between high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure conductive plate, one capacitive side ball discharge is installed on the conductive plate of high-voltage capacitance side, one inductance side ball discharge is installed on the conductive plate of high voltage induction side, described capacitive side ball discharge and inductance side ball discharge arrange in opposite directions and between leave gap;
Described non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element comprises high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly and bracing frame, described high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly is by the first diode, second diode and web joint composition, this first diode, second diode is installed on web joint respectively, downside and the first diode be electrically connected with web joint, the polarity of the second diode one end is separately contrary, described web joint is positioned at the first diode, on second diode, the middle part of downside is fixed with a commutation rotating shaft, these commutation rotating shaft two ends are all installed on bracing frame by bearing seat,
In described first diode, the second diode, a diode other end is connected to second wave regulating resistor one end, and in described first diode, the second diode, another diode other end is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier and the low pressure conductive plate of gap switch unit;
The high voltage induction side conductive plate of described gap switch unit is connected to inductance one end and the second wave regulating resistor other end, the low pressure conductive plate of described gap switch unit is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier, and the described inductance other end is as the high-voltage output end of the high-pressure side for connecting determinand microscope carrier.
The technical scheme that technique scheme is improved further is as follows:
1., in such scheme, described capacitive side ball discharge, inductance side ball discharge are semi-spherical shape.
2., in such scheme, described first wave regulating resistor is wire resistance.
3. in such scheme, described energy-storage units is made up of the capacitor unit of several parallel connections, and the number of described first wave regulating resistor is equal with the number of capacitor unit, and each capacitor unit is connected with first wave regulating resistor.
Because technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages:
1. lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, compared with the high and existing RCL discharge loop of its wave form output efficiency, can increase substantially electric capacity utilization factor, can realize larger long wave coda wave shape with less electric capacity.According to C=40uF, charging voltage is 100kV is example, existing discharge loop is used to form 10/350 waveform, need loop resistance R1 about 14 Ω, harmonic inductance L 1 about 30uH, the 10/350us waveform of exportable about 7kA, and use the present invention to pass through wave regulating resistor R1=0.5 Ω, harmonic inductance 10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω (See Figure).Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveform.
2. lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, it is simple to operate, reduce test failure rate, overcome existing clearance type Crowbar technology and use three gap switch structures, the triggering and conducting of three gap switches must be carried out by a supporting high-voltage impact voltage generator, its output voltage is generally higher than 2 times of charging voltage of main current generator and the defect such as stability is poor, it adopts non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element of the present invention to comprise high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly and bracing frame, described high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly is by the first diode, second diode and web joint composition, without the need to other impulse voltage generator, generator avoids and occurs out-of-control phenomenon, success ratio is almost 100%.
3. lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, its output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, in prior art, the conducting of G2 switch needs high-tension impulse voltage generator to trigger, and this portion of energy can be superimposed upon in discharge loop, to cause forming concussion at crest place, and switch of the present invention can not form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior art lightning impulse analogue means principle schematic one;
Fig. 2 is prior art lightning impulse analogue means principle schematic two;
Fig. 3 is lightning impulse analogue means electronic schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is capacitor discharge current waveform (Icap) in lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element feedback current waveform (Idiode) of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the actual current waveform flow through of test specimen in lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is lightning impulse analogue means structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is lightning impulse analogue means partial structurtes schematic diagram one of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is lightning impulse analogue means partial structurtes schematic diagram two of the present invention;
Figure 10 is lightning impulse analogue means partial structurtes schematic diagram three of the present invention;
Figure 11 is lightning impulse analogue means output waveform figure of the present invention.
In above accompanying drawing: 1, charhing unit; 2, energy-storage units; 211, capacitor unit; 3, gap switch unit; 4, the first wave regulating resistor; 5, the second wave regulating resistor; 6, inductance; 7, non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element; 8, determinand microscope carrier; 9, high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate; 10, high voltage induction side conductive plate; 11, low pressure conductive plate; 12, insulating support rod; 13, capacitive side ball discharge; 14, inductance side ball discharge; 15, high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly; 151, the first diode; 152, the second diode; 153, web joint; 16, bracing frame; 17, commutate rotating shaft; 171, pilot hole; 18, bearing seat.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment: a kind of lightning impulse analogue means, comprise charhing unit 1, energy-storage units 2, gap switch unit 3, at least one the first wave regulating resistor 4, second wave regulating resistor 5, inductance 6, non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element 7 and determinand microscope carrier 8, described charhing unit 1 is connected to energy-storage units 2, and non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element 7, second wave regulating resistor 5 of series connection is in parallel with energy-storage units 2 and between inductance 6 and gap switch unit 3, first wave regulating resistor 4 be connected in series;
Described gap switch unit 3 comprises spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 and low pressure conductive plate 11, this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, to be located by connecting by insulating support rod 12 between high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 and low pressure conductive plate 11, one capacitive side ball discharge 13 is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, one inductance side ball discharge 14 is installed on high voltage induction side conductive plate 10, described capacitive side ball discharge 13 and inductance side ball discharge 14 arrange in opposite directions and between leave gap;
Described non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element 7 comprises high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly 15 and bracing frame 16, described high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly 15 is by the first diode 151, second diode 152 and web joint 153 form, this first diode 151, second diode 152 is installed on web joint 153 respectively, downside and the first diode 151 be electrically connected with web joint 153, the polarity of the respective one end of the second diode 152 is contrary, described web joint 153 is positioned at the first diode 151, on second diode 152, the middle part of downside is fixed with a commutation rotating shaft 17, these commutation rotating shaft 17 two ends are all installed on bracing frame 16 by bearing seat 18,
In described first diode 151, second diode 152, a diode other end is connected to second wave regulating resistor 5 one end, and in described first diode 151, second diode 152, another diode other end is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier 8 and the low pressure conductive plate 11 of gap switch unit 3;
The high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 of described gap switch unit 3 is connected to inductance 6 one end and second wave regulating resistor 5 other end, the low pressure conductive plate 11 of described gap switch unit 3 is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier 8, and described inductance 6 other end is as the high-voltage output end of the high-pressure side for connecting determinand microscope carrier 8.
Above-mentioned capacitive side ball discharge 13, inductance side ball discharge 14 are semi-spherical shape.
Above-mentioned first wave regulating resistor 4 is wire resistance.
Above-mentioned energy-storage units 2 is made up of the capacitor unit 211 of several parallel connections, and the number of described first wave regulating resistor 4 is equal with the number of capacitor unit 211, and each capacitor unit 211 is connected with first wave regulating resistor 4.
Its principle of work of lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention is as follows:
(1) after capacitor C is full of electricity, discharged by ball discharge gap G1, now due to capacitor being positive charge, diode reverse ends not conducting, and discharge loop is C-G1-R1-L1-EUT-C, forms closed CRL discharge loop;
(2) after discharge loop electric current reaches maximal value, now condenser voltage is zero, but owing to there being the existence of inductance in loop, therefore inductance can keep the electric current in loop to make electric current flow through test product, then be reversed capacitor charging, but electric current can be caused to return inductance along diode due to the existence of diode, form the LR discharge loop be made up of L-EUT-R2-D1-L, until inductance ability is all run out of by R2, formed and continue wave rear;
(3) loop output waveform, its testing current loop-around test point distribution plan as shown in Figure 3, pass through loop simulation, visible capacitor discharge loop current (Icap), the electric current (Ieut) of test specimen and the feedback current (Idiode) by diode, See Figure is (with C=40uF, R1=0.2 Ω, L1=10 μ H, R2=0.02 Ω are example)
Adopt lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, compared with the high and existing discharge loop of its wave form output efficiency, electric capacity utilization factor can be increased substantially, larger long wave coda wave shape can be realized with less electric capacity.According to C=40uF, charging voltage is 100kV is example, existing discharge loop is used to form 10/350 waveform, need loop resistance R1 about 14 Ω, harmonic inductance L 1 about 30uH, the 10/350us waveform of exportable about 7kA, shown in See Figure, and use the present invention to pass through wave regulating resistor R1=0.5 Ω, harmonic inductance 10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω (See Figure).Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveform.
Lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, it is simple to operate, reduce test failure rate, overcome prior art and use three gap switch structures, the triggering and conducting of three gap switches must be carried out by a supporting high-voltage impact voltage generator, its output voltage is generally higher than 2 times of charging voltage of main current generator and the defect such as stability is poor, it adopts non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element of the present invention to comprise high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly and bracing frame, described high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly is by the first diode, second diode and web joint composition, without the need to other impulse voltage generator, generator is not easy to occur out-of-control phenomenon, success ratio is almost 100%.
Existing gap switch is after switch G1 conducting, triggers impulse voltage generator with conducting G2 by the time delay regular hour, realizes triggering G2 at waveform peak place, forms discharge loop.If but capacitor voltage at both ends is 0 during G2 switch triggering, the stability of switch triggering is poor, easily occur triggering failed situation.And using the Crowbar switch of diode, generator avoids and occurs out-of-control phenomenon, and success ratio is almost 100%.
Lightning impulse analogue means of the present invention, its output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, in prior art, the conducting of G2 switch needs high-tension impulse voltage generator to trigger, and this portion of energy can be superimposed upon in discharge loop, to cause forming concussion at crest place, and switch of the present invention can not form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a lightning impulse analogue means, it is characterized in that: comprise charhing unit (1), energy-storage units (2), gap switch unit (3), at least one first wave regulating resistor (4), second wave regulating resistor (5), inductance (6), non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element (7) and determinand microscope carrier (8), described charhing unit (1) is connected to energy-storage units (2), non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element (7) of series connection, second wave regulating resistor (5) is in parallel with energy-storage units (2) and be positioned at inductance (6) and the gap switch unit (3) that is connected in series, between first wave regulating resistor (4),
Described gap switch unit (3) comprises spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), high voltage induction side conductive plate (10) and low pressure conductive plate (11), this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), be located by connecting by insulating support rod (12) between high voltage induction side conductive plate (10) and low pressure conductive plate (11), one capacitive side ball discharge (13) is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), one inductance side ball discharge (14) is installed on high voltage induction side conductive plate (10), described capacitive side ball discharge (13) and inductance side ball discharge (14) arrange in opposite directions and between leave gap,
Described non-gap type self-adaptation Crowbar switch element (7) comprises high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly (15) and bracing frame (16), described high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor assembly (15) is by the first diode (151), second diode (152) and web joint (153) composition, this first diode (151), second diode (152) is installed on web joint (153) respectively, downside and the first diode (151) be electrically connected with web joint (153), the polarity of the respective one end of the second diode (152) is contrary, described web joint (153) is positioned at the first diode (151), on second diode (152), the middle part of downside is fixed with a commutation rotating shaft (17), these commutation rotating shaft (17) two ends are all installed on bracing frame (16) by bearing seat (18),
In described first diode (151), the second diode (152), a diode other end is connected to the second wave regulating resistor (5) one end, and in described first diode (151), the second diode (152), another diode other end is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier (8) and the low pressure conductive plate (11) of gap switch unit (3);
High voltage induction side conductive plate (10) of described gap switch unit (3) is connected to inductance (6) one end and the second wave regulating resistor (5) other end, the low pressure conductive plate (11) of described gap switch unit (3) is connected to the low pressure end of determinand microscope carrier (8), and described inductance (6) other end is as the high-voltage output end of the high-pressure side for connecting determinand microscope carrier (8).
2. lightning impulse analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described capacitive side ball discharge (13), inductance side ball discharge (14) are semi-spherical shape.
3. lightning impulse analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first wave regulating resistor (4) is wire resistance.
4. lightning impulse analogue means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described energy-storage units (2) is made up of the capacitor unit (211) of several parallel connections, the number of described first wave regulating resistor (4) is equal with the number of capacitor unit (211), and each capacitor unit (211) is connected with first wave regulating resistor (4).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510565920.2A CN105044412B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Lightning impulse simulator |
| CN201810728797.5A CN109490720B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Impact test device for simulating lightning |
| CN201810728766.XA CN109490591B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-stability lightning impulse simulator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510565920.2A CN105044412B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Lightning impulse simulator |
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| CN201810728797.5A Division CN109490720B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Impact test device for simulating lightning |
| CN201810728766.XA Division CN109490591B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-stability lightning impulse simulator |
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| CN105044412A true CN105044412A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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| CN201810728797.5A Active CN109490720B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Impact test device for simulating lightning |
| CN201810728766.XA Active CN109490591B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-stability lightning impulse simulator |
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| CN201810728797.5A Active CN109490720B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Impact test device for simulating lightning |
| CN201810728766.XA Active CN109490591B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-stability lightning impulse simulator |
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| CN108303574A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-20 | 上海冠图电气科技有限公司 | A kind of distribution lightning voltage generating means |
| CN111323569A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-23 | 上海市避雷装置检测站工程部 | Experimental platform for testing glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by lightning strike |
| CN114113956A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司诸暨市供电公司 | Movable lightning simulation impact test device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105044412B (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109490720B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
| CN109490591A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109490591B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
| CN109490720A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
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