CN105044413B - Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus - Google Patents
Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105044413B CN105044413B CN201510565939.7A CN201510565939A CN105044413B CN 105044413 B CN105044413 B CN 105044413B CN 201510565939 A CN201510565939 A CN 201510565939A CN 105044413 B CN105044413 B CN 105044413B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus, including charhing unit, energy-storage units, gap switch unit, at least one first wave regulating resistor, the second wave regulating resistor, inductance, the adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type and determinand microscope carrier, the charhing unit is connected to energy-storage units, the adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type, the second wave regulating resistor of series connection it is in parallel with energy-storage units and be located at inductance and be connected in series with gap switch unit, between the first wave regulating resistor;The adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type include high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and supporting rack, detent mechanism is additionally provided with positioned at described commutation shaft one end, it is provided with a positioning hole accordingly in the commutation shaft, this detent mechanism includes the fixed block with through-hole and the Elastip pin being installed in the through-hole.The present invention realizes output long wave coda wave shape using smaller capacitance, realizes long wave tail slide and hits current wave and directly A waves, the D waves of lightning effects waveform, improves capacitance utilization ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surge protector technical field of measurement and test more particularly to a kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus.
Background technology
Thunder and lightning is a kind of natural electric discharge phenomena in nature.After thunder and lightning occurs, pass through electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction
It acts on, lightning surge will be formed in communication line.Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus is mainly used in simulation lightning current
Generator to generate the pulse current waveform of high current long duration, is mainly used for simulating I grades of thunders and lightnings(Direct thunder and lightning)Electric current
The long waves such as 10/350 μ s of waveform, 10/1000 μ s of the direct lightning effects test waveform A components of aircraft, D components and power power-supply
The generator of coda wave shape.
There are mainly two types of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus currently on the market, and a kind of is the CRL based on traditional technology
Discharge loop, another kind are the Crowbar discharge loops for using clearance type Crowbar switches extend wave rear,
The first solution principle as shown in Figure 1, using traditional CRL discharge loops, that is, passes through bulky capacitor energy storage, moment
It is discharged by inductance and wave regulating resistor, forms the output waveform of high current, but the resistance R that this method is relied primarily in circuit is formed
Overdamp discharge loop, impedance loop is big, and shortcoming is to need the storage capacitor C of large capacity,
Second scheme as shown in Figure 2, greatly reduces the capacity of storage capacitor, operation principle as shown in Fig. 2,
After main capacitor C is fully charged, G1 switches are triggered first, when discharge current reaches peak value, high-voltage pulse generator output high pressure
Ignition signal punctures G3 and G2 is connected, and capacitance C, resistance R1 short circuit, inductance L1 electric current maximums are passed through subject by G2 switches at this time
Product EUT, gap switch G2 form afterflow bleed-off circuit, are influenced by EUT and impedance loop, the charge slow release on L, so as to
Realize the long duration waveform for flowing through EUT.
(1), the control of generator it is more complicated, need to control two sets of generators simultaneously(Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus
And impulse voltage generator)Triggering system, impulse voltage generator is made to delay the dash current regular hour, time control will
Accurately, discharge failure phenomenon is otherwise susceptible to, control difficulty is big;
(2), multiple balls away from control, whole system needs to control in addition to this set trigger, need to control the movement of tri- balls of G2 and
It is big to coordinate difficulty for the coupling ball gap of G3 and the trigger sphere gap of impulse voltage generator ontology;
(3), debugging waveform it is difficult, wave tail length is to be controlled by Crowbar energy storage inductor L1 sizes, but different test items
Its load impedance is different, causes the fluctuation of wave rear duration larger.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus, which can
Output long wave coda wave shape is realized using smaller capacitance, can be applied to I class thunder and lightning waveform 10/350us, steep impulse current waveform
1/10us, long wave tail slide hit 10/1000 μ s of current wave and direct thunder and lightning(Or indirect thunder and lightning)The A waves of effect waveform(6.4/69
μs), D waves(3.2/34.5μs), improve capacitance utilization ratio.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus, including
Charhing unit, energy-storage units, gap switch unit, at least one first wave regulating resistor, the second wave regulating resistor, inductance, non-gap
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of type and determinand microscope carrier, the charhing unit are connected to energy-storage units, the non-gap type of series connection
Adaptive Crowbar switch units, the second wave regulating resistor is in parallel with energy-storage units and is opened positioned at inductance with the gap being connected in series with
It closes between unit, the first wave regulating resistor;
The gap switch unit includes spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure
Conductive plate is positioned between this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure conductive plate by insulating support rod
Connection, a capacitive side ball discharge are installed on the conductive plate of high-voltage capacitance side, and an inductance side ball discharge is installed on high voltage induction side and leads
On electroplax, the capacitive side ball discharge and inductance side ball discharge be oppositely arranged and between there are gaps;
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type include high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and supporting rack,
The high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component is made of the first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, this first diode,
The first diode that two diodes are respectively arranged in the upper and lower side of connecting plate and are electrically connected with connecting plate, the second diode respectively one
The polarity at end is on the contrary, the connecting plate is located at the first diode, the commutation that is fixedly arranged in the middle of of the upper and lower side of the second diode turns
Axis, this commutation shaft both ends are installed on by bearing block on supporting rack;
A diode other end is connected to second wave regulating resistor one end, institute in first diode, the second diode
State low-pressure end and gap switch that another diode other end in the first diode, the second diode is connected to determinand microscope carrier
The low pressure conductive plate of unit;
The high voltage induction side conductive plate of the gap switch unit is connected to inductance one end and the second wave regulating resistor other end,
The low pressure conductive plate of the gap switch unit is connected to the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier, and the inductance other end is used as to connect
Connect the high-voltage output end of the high-pressure side of determinand microscope carrier;
Detent mechanism is additionally provided with positioned at described commutation shaft one end, a positioning is provided with accordingly in the commutation shaft
Hole, this detent mechanism include the fixed block with through-hole and the Elastip pin being installed in the through-hole, and commutation shaft insertion is solid
Determine block and through-hole coincide with location hole.
The further improved technical solution of above-mentioned technical proposal is as follows:
1. in said program, the capacitive side ball discharge, inductance side ball discharge are semi-spherical shape.
2. in said program, first wave regulating resistor is linear resistance.
3. in said program, the energy-storage units are made of several capacitor units in parallel, the first harmonic electricity
The number of resistance is equal with the number of capacitor unit, and each capacitor unit is connected with first wave regulating resistor.
Since above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention has following advantages compared with prior art:
1. long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, waveform delivery efficiency height compared with existing discharge loop,
Capacitance utilization rate can be increased substantially, the long wave coda wave shape of bigger can be realized with less capacitance.According to C=40uF, charging
For voltage is 100kV, 10/350 waveform is formed using existing discharge loop, needs about 14 Ω of loop resistance R1, harmonic inductance
L1 about 30uH, the 10/350us waveforms of exportable about 7kA, and the present invention is used to pass through the Ω of wave regulating resistor R1=0.5, harmonic inductance
10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω.Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveforms;And commutation shaft one end is additionally provided with detent mechanism,
It is provided with a positioning hole accordingly in the commutation shaft, this detent mechanism includes the fixed block with through-hole and is installed on the through-hole
Interior Elastip pin, commutation shaft insertion fixed block and through-hole coincide with location hole are conducive to accurately to allow high-voltage high-speed pulse
Semiconductor subassembly polarity switching, 2 kinds of waveform switchs of quick and convenient realization.
2. long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, easy to operate, test failure rate is reduced, is overcome existing
Technology uses three gap switch structures, it is necessary to which a mating high-voltage impact voltage generator carries out the triggering of three gap switches
It the defects of conducting, output voltage is generally greater than 2 times of the charging voltage of main current generator and poor stability, uses
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type of the present invention include high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and supporting rack, the height
Pressure fast-pulse semiconductor subassembly is made of the first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, is sent out without other surge voltage
Raw device, generator, which avoids, there is out-of-control phenomenon, and success rate is almost 100%.
3. long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, in the prior art
The conducting of G2 switches needs the impulse voltage generator of high voltage to be triggered, and the portion of energy can be superimposed upon discharge loop
In, it will cause to form concussion at wave crest, and present invention switch will not form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is prior art long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus principle schematic one;
Fig. 2 is prior art long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus principle schematic two;
Fig. 3 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus electronic schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is capacitor discharge current waveform in long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention(Icap);
Fig. 5 is the adaptive Crowbar switch units feedback current waveform of non-gap type of the present invention(Idiode);
Fig. 6 is the practical current waveform flowed through of test item in long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus partial structural diagram one of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus partial structural diagram two of the present invention;
Figure 10 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus partial structural diagram three of the present invention;
Figure 11 is long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus output waveform figure of the present invention.
In the figures above:1st, charhing unit;2nd, energy-storage units;211st, capacitor unit;3rd, gap switch unit;4th, first
Wave regulating resistor;5th, the second wave regulating resistor;6th, inductance;7th, the adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type;8th, determinand microscope carrier;
9th, high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate;10th, high voltage induction side conductive plate;11st, low pressure conductive plate;12nd, insulating support rod;
13rd, capacitive side ball discharge;14th, inductance side ball discharge;
15th, high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component;151st, the first diode;152nd, the second diode;153rd, connecting plate;
16th, supporting rack;17th, commutate shaft;171st, location hole;18th, bearing block;
19th, transparent housing;20th, detent mechanism;201st, fixed block;202nd, through-hole;203rd, Elastip pin;21st, handwheel.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
Embodiment:A kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus, including charhing unit 1, energy-storage units 2, gap switch list
Member 3, at least one first wave regulating resistor 4, the second wave regulating resistor 5, inductance 6, the adaptive Crowbar switch units 7 of non-gap type
With determinand microscope carrier 8, the charhing unit 1 is connected to energy-storage units 2, and the adaptive Crowbar switches of non-gap type of series connection are single
First 7, second wave regulating resistor 5 is in parallel with energy-storage units 2 and positioned at inductance 6 and the gap switch unit 3, the first harmonic that are connected in series with
Between resistance 4;
The gap switch unit 3 includes spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9,10 and of high voltage induction side conductive plate
Low pressure conductive plate 11 passes through insulation between this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 and low pressure conductive plate 11
Supporting rod 12 is located by connecting, and a capacitive side ball discharge 13 is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, and an inductance side ball discharge 14 is pacified
Loaded on high voltage induction side conductive plate 10, the capacitive side ball discharge 13 and inductance side ball discharge 14 be oppositely arranged and between there are
Gap;
The adaptive Crowbar switch units 7 of non-gap type include high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component 15 and support
Frame 16, the high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component 15 is by 153 groups of the first diode 151, the second diode 152 and connecting plate
Into this first diode 151, the second diode 152 are respectively arranged in 153 upper and lower side of connecting plate and are electrically connected with connecting plate 153
The first diode 151,152 respective one end of the second diode polarity on the contrary, the connecting plate 153 is located at the first diode
151st, the second diode 152 upper and lower side is fixedly arranged in the middle of a commutation shaft 17, this 17 both ends of commutation shaft passes through bearing block
18 are installed on supporting rack 16;
A diode other end is connected to the second wave regulating resistor 5 in first diode 151, the second diode 152
One end, another diode other end is connected to the low of determinand microscope carrier 8 in first diode 151, the second diode 152
The low pressure conductive plate 11 of pressure side and gap switch unit 3;
The high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 of the gap switch unit 3 is connected to 6 one end of inductance and the second wave regulating resistor 5 is another
One end, the low pressure conductive plate 11 of the gap switch unit 3 are connected to the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier 8,6 other end of inductance
As for connecting the high-voltage output end of the high-pressure side of determinand microscope carrier 8;
Detent mechanism 20 is additionally provided with positioned at 17 one end of the commutation shaft, one is provided with accordingly in the commutation shaft 17
Location hole 171, this detent mechanism 20 include the fixed block 201 with through-hole 202 and the Elastip pin being installed in the through-hole 202
203, the commutation shaft 17 insertion fixed block 201 and through-hole 202 and location hole 171 coincide.
Above-mentioned capacitive side ball discharge 13, inductance side ball discharge 14 are semi-spherical shape.
Above-mentioned first wave regulating resistor 4 is linear resistance.
Above-mentioned energy-storage units 2 are made of several capacitor units 211 in parallel, the number of first wave regulating resistor 4
Equal with the number of capacitor unit 211, each capacitor unit 211 is connected with first wave regulating resistor 4.
One handwheel 21 is installed on commutation 17 end of shaft and positioned at detent mechanism 20 and high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component
15 opposite sides.
Its operation principle of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
(1)After capacitor C is fully charged, discharged by ball discharge gap G1, at this time due to being positive charge on capacitor, two poles
Reversely cut-off is not turned on pipe, discharge loop C-G1-R1-L1-EUT-C, forms the CRL discharge loops of closure;
(2)After discharge loop electric current reaches maximum value, condenser voltage is zero at this time, but due to there is inductance in circuit
In the presence of, therefore inductance can keep the electric current in circuit to make current flow through test product, then be reversed capacitor charging, but due to diode
In the presence of electric current can be caused to return to inductance along diode, the LR discharge loops being made of L-EUT-R2-D1-L are formed, until inductance
Ability is all run out of by R2, is formed and is continued wave rear;
(3)Circuit output waveform, testing current loop-around test point distribution map as shown in Figure 3, can by loop simulation
See capacitor discharge loop current(Icap), the electric current of test item(Ieut)And the feedback current for passing through diode
(Idiode), See Figure(With C=40uF, for the Ω of R1=0.2 Ω, L1=10 μ H, R2=0.02)
Using long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, waveform delivery efficiency height and existing discharge loop phase
Than that can increase substantially capacitance utilization rate, the long wave coda wave shape of bigger can be realized with less capacitance.According to C=40uF,
For charging voltage is 100kV, 10/350 waveform is formed using existing discharge loop, needs about 14 Ω of loop resistance R1, harmonic
Inductance L1 about 30uH, the 10/350us waveforms of exportable about 7kA, shown in See Figure, and use the present invention by wave regulating resistor R1=
0.5 Ω, harmonic inductance 10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω(See Figure).Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveforms.
Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, it is easy to operate, test failure rate is reduced, overcomes the prior art
Use three gap switch structures, it is necessary to which a mating high-voltage impact voltage generator is led to carry out the triggering of three gap switches
It is logical, the defects of output voltage is generally greater than 2 times of the charging voltage of main current generator and poor stability, use this
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of invention non-gap type include high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and supporting rack, the high pressure
Fast-pulse semiconductor subassembly is made of the first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, is occurred without other surge voltage
Device, generator are not easy out-of-control phenomenon occur, and success rate is almost 100%.
Existing gap switch is after switch G1 conductings, triggers impulse voltage generator by the regular hour that is delayed to lead
Logical G2 realizes the triggering G2 at waveform peak, forms discharge loop.But if capacitor voltage at both ends is 0 during G2 switch triggerings,
The stability of switch triggering is poor, is susceptible to the situation of triggering failure.And the Crowbar of diode is used to switch, occur
Device, which avoids, there is out-of-control phenomenon, and success rate is almost 100%.
Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus of the present invention, output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, and G2 is opened in the prior art
The conducting of pass needs the impulse voltage generator of high voltage to be triggered, and the portion of energy can be superimposed upon in discharge loop,
It will cause to form concussion at wave crest, and present invention switch will not form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus, it is characterised in that:Including charhing unit(1), energy-storage units(2), gap
Switch unit(3), at least one first wave regulating resistor(4), the second wave regulating resistor(5), inductance(6), non-gap type it is adaptive
Crowbar switch units(7)With determinand microscope carrier(8), the charhing unit(1)It is connected to energy-storage units(2), non-of series connection
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of gap type(7), the second wave regulating resistor(5)With energy-storage units(2)It is in parallel and positioned at inductance(6)With
The gap switch unit being connected in series with(3), the first wave regulating resistor(4)Between;
The gap switch unit(3)Including spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate(9), high voltage induction side conductive plate(10)
With low pressure conductive plate(11), this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate(9), high voltage induction side conductive plate(10)With low pressure conductive plate(11)It
Between pass through insulating support rod(12)It is located by connecting, a capacitive side ball discharge(13)It is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate(9)On, one
Inductance side ball discharge(14)It is installed on high voltage induction side conductive plate(10)On, the capacitive side ball discharge(13)It discharges with inductance side
Ball(14)Be oppositely arranged and between there are gaps;
The adaptive Crowbar switch units of non-gap type(7)Including high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component(15)And support
Frame(16), the high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component(15)By the first diode(151), the second diode(152)And connection
Plate(153)Composition, this first diode(151), the second diode(152)It is respectively arranged in connecting plate(153)Upper and lower side and with
Connecting plate(153)First diode of electrical connection(151), the second diode(152)The polarity of respective one end is on the contrary, the connection
Plate(153)Positioned at the first diode(151), the second diode(152)Upper and lower side is fixedly arranged in the middle of a commutation shaft(17),
This commutation shaft(17)Both ends pass through bearing block(18)It is installed on supporting rack(16)On;
First diode(151), the second diode(152)In a diode other end be connected to the second wave regulating resistor
(5)One end, first diode(151), the second diode(152)In another diode other end be connected to determinand load
Platform(8)Low-pressure end and gap switch unit(3)Low pressure conductive plate(11);
The gap switch unit(3)High voltage induction side conductive plate(10)It is connected to inductance(6)One end and the second wave regulating resistor
(5)The other end, the gap switch unit(3)Low pressure conductive plate(11)It is connected to determinand microscope carrier(8)Low-pressure end, it is described
Inductance(6)The other end is used as to connect determinand microscope carrier(8)High-pressure side high-voltage output end;
Positioned at the commutation shaft(17)One end is additionally provided with detent mechanism(20), the commutation shaft(17)On be provided with accordingly
A positioning hole(171), this detent mechanism(20)Including with through-hole(202)Fixed block(201)Be installed on the through-hole(202)
Interior Elastip pin(203), the commutation shaft(17)Embedded fixed block(201)And through-hole(202)With location hole(171)It coincide.
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CN201510565939.7A CN105044413B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus |
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CN201810506302.4A CN109342786B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Waveform generator for generating long tail waves |
CN201510565939.7A CN105044413B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Long-tail wave impact current generating apparatus |
CN201810506614.5A CN109406845B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-efficiency impulse current generator |
CN201810506622.XA CN109342787B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Long duration inrush current generation system |
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CN201810506614.5A Division CN109406845B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-efficiency impulse current generator |
CN201810506622.XA Division CN109342787B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Long duration inrush current generation system |
CN201810506302.4A Division CN109342786B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Waveform generator for generating long tail waves |
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CN201810506622.XA Active CN109342787B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Long duration inrush current generation system |
CN201810506614.5A Active CN109406845B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-efficiency impulse current generator |
CN201810506302.4A Active CN109342786B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Waveform generator for generating long tail waves |
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CN201810506614.5A Active CN109406845B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | High-efficiency impulse current generator |
CN201810506302.4A Active CN109342786B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Waveform generator for generating long tail waves |
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CN109342786B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
CN105044413A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
CN109342787B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
CN109406845B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
CN109406845A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
CN109342787A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
CN109342786A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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