CN105043476B - A kind of assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating - Google Patents
A kind of assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating, flowing and HEAT TRANSFER LAW using cold fluid and hot fluid in bleeder heater, establish bleeder heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature and drawn gas relational model with corresponding extraction pressure change heater.Take extraction line crushing rate, heater water side is poor, heater condensate end is poor；From DCS of Power Plant DCS database, main steam flow, feed pressure, heater extraction pressure, extraction temperature are read.According to heater flow mechanism and water and steam Property, heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature is calculated.Water outlet enthalpy, hydrophobic enthalpy are calculated, according to heater heat balance, share of being drawn gas corresponding to heater is calculated.According to high pressure cylinder flow equilibrium, reheated steam flow is calculated.Avoid in traditional reheated steam flow measuring method, it is necessary to obtain the detection demand of each heater water outlet and hydrophobic pressure and temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating, belong to hard measurement skill
Art field.
Background technology
Because reheated steam density is relatively low and changes greatly, while consider to measure influence of the crushing to economy, typically not
Its mass flow of direct measurement.
For the unit in hot cold section of double back hot heater, the measuring and calculating of reheated steam hard measurement needs to include main steam flow, taken out
12 measurements including steam pressure and temperature, the discharge pressure of each heater and temperature, intake pressure and temperature, drain temperature
Parameter.
The present invention proposes a kind of method that heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature are determined based on extraction pressure, in reheater
, it is necessary to main steam flow, extraction pressure and temperature, adjacent (reheating hot arc) heater extraction pressure and feed pressure in flow measurement
7 parameters.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cold section of double back heat of reheating and added
The assay method of hot device reheated steam flow, the method that heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature are determined using extraction pressure, letter
Measurement demand during reheated steam flow measuring is changed.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating, double back hot heater heat including #1
Device, #2 heaters and #3 heaters, according to the known parameter and constant of double back hot heater, by the way that the heater is calculated
Water outlet specific enthalpy hw, hydrophobic specific enthalpy hd, then the corresponding share aa that draws gas is calculated, final reheating is finally calculated again and steams
Vapour share aarhAnd reheated steam flow Drh；The parameter includes main steam flow D0, feed pressure pfwWith drawing gas for heater
Pressure p, extraction temperature t, the constant include the crushing rate d that draws gas of heaterp, water side difference dta.Wherein, the parameter is from fire
Obtained in Power Plant DCS database, the constant is taken according to design data, and it is fixed to be taken according to declared working condition unit design data.
At present, in most of fired power generating unit, bleeder heater corresponding to high pressure cylinder is 2, and bleeder heater is from high to low
Numbering is #1 heaters, #2 heaters, #3 heaters.High pressure cylinder corresponding to #1 heaters, #2 heaters pumping side draws gas share
It is to determine the leading parameter of reheated steam share and reheated steam flow.To meet the needs of heater heat Balance Calculation, it is necessary to
Calculate #1, #2 bleeder heater corresponding with high pressure cylinder and the #3 heater adjacent with #2, heater is according to extraction pressure by height
To low serial number.
Further, in the present invention, the water outlet specific enthalpy h of the heaterw, hydrophobic specific enthalpy hdComputational methods be：
1-1) the pressure p of heater shell-sides
The shell pressure of the #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters is respectively ps1、ps2And ps3, wherein
ps1=p1*(1-dp1)
ps2=p2*(1-dp2)
ps3=p3*(1-dp3)
Wherein, p1、p2And p3The respectively extraction pressure of the pumping side of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters；dp1、
dp2And dp3The respectively crushing rate of drawing gas of the pumping side of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters；The formula is according to drawing gas
The pressure loss that the definition of crushing rate is drawn gas in the duct：dp=(pj-psj)/pjAnd obtain；
1-2) the saturation temperature t under heater case lateral pressures
According to IAPWS-IF97 models, the saturation temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaterss1、ts2And ts3Point
Not by shell pressure ps1、ps2And ps3It is determined that；
Wherein, the IAPWS-IF97 models as classics, it is the work that international water and steam property association in 1997 proposes
Industry properties of water and steam model IAPWS-IF97 (Association for the Properties of Water
and Steam)；
1-3) the leaving water temperature t of heaterw
The leaving water temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heatersw1、tw2And tw3Respectively：
According to the definition of end difference, such as the T (temperature of Fig. 2 heaters (with steam condenser and drain cooler) diabatic process
Degree)-F (heat transfer area) figure, the calculating formula of leaving water temperature can be obtained：
tw1=ts1-dt1a
tw2=ts2-dt2a
tw3=ts3-dt3a
Wherein, dt1a、dt2a、dt3aThe water side of respectively #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters is poor；
1-4) the drain temperature t of heaterd
The drain temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heatersd1、td2Respectively：
1-4-1) #1 heaters, #2 heaters have drain cooler, then：
According to the definition of end difference, such as the T (temperature of Fig. 2 heaters (with steam condenser and drain cooler) diabatic process
Degree)-F (heat transfer area) figure, the calculating formula of hydrophobic coolant-temperature gage can be obtained：
td1=tw2+dt1b
td2=tw3+dt2b
Wherein, dt1b、dt2bRespectively #1 heaters, the drain approach of #2 heaters；
1-4-2) #1 heaters, #2 heaters are without drain cooler, then：
td1=ts1
td2=ts2
1-5) the water outlet specific enthalpy h of heaterw
According to IAPWS-IF97 models, the water outlet specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 and #3 heaterw1、hw2And hw3By feed pressure pfwPoint
Not with leaving water temperature tw1、tw2And tw3It is determined that；
1-6) the hydrophobic specific enthalpy h of heaterd
According to IAPWS-IF97 models, the hydrophobic specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 heaterdBy shell pressure psWith drain temperature tdReally
It is fixed：That is hd1By shell pressure ps1, drain temperature td1It is determined that hd2 is by shell pressure ps2, drain temperature td2It is determined that.
Further, in the present invention, the reheated steam share aa of the heaterrhAnd reheated steam flow DrhMeter
Calculation method is：
2-1) the specific enthalpy h that draws gas of heater pumping side
According to IAPWS-IF97 models, the specific enthalpy h that draws gas of #1, #2 heater pumping side is by extraction pressure p, extraction temperature t
It is determined that：That is h1By extraction pressure p1, extraction temperature t1It is determined that h2By extraction pressure p2, extraction temperature t2It is determined that；
2-2) the share aa that draws gas of heater pumping side
The share aa that draws gas of #1, #2 heater1、aa2Computational methods be：
According to the thermal balance and flow equilibrium of heater (carrying vapour cooler and drain cooler), share of drawing gas is obtained
Calculating formula is as follows：
aa1=(hw1-hw2)/(h1-hd1)
aa2=((hw2-hw3)-aa1*(hd1-hd2))/(h2-hd2)
Wherein, hw1、hw2、hw3The respectively water outlet specific enthalpy of #1, #2, #3 heater；hd1、hd2Respectively #1, #2 heater
Hydrophobic specific enthalpy；
2-3) reheating vapour share aarhWith reheated steam flow DrhComputational methods：
When ignoring the flow loss of reheater in itself, reheating vapour flow shares are equal to high pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow share, and
High pressure cylinder extraction flow share can be determined that the calculating formula of reheating vapour flow shares is such as by the flow equilibrium of steam turbine high-pressure cylinder
Under：
aarh=1-aa1-aa2
Drh=D0*aarh。
Beneficial effect：The assay method of reheated steam flow during cold section of double back hot heater of reheating provided by the invention, with
Prior art is compared, and has advantages below：
1) flowing using cold fluid and hot fluid in bleeder heater and HEAT TRANSFER LAW, establish bleeder heater leaving water temperature with
Drain temperature changes heater-draw gas relational model with corresponding extraction pressure；Avoid traditional reheated steam flow measuring
, it is necessary to obtain the detection demand of each heater water outlet and hydrophobic pressure and temperature in method.
2) because bleeder heater pipe side working medium flow is big, pressure is high, temperature is high (for the highest pressure of water state working medium
And temperature), higher requirement is proposed to measuring cell, not only increases the cost of such pressure and temperature measuring point, also reduces it
Reliability.
So the present invention both improves reliability, cost is reduced again, there is substantial progressive meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is heater heat transfer process schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The assay method of reheated steam flow when being a kind of cold section of double back hot heater of reheating as shown in Figure 1, present invention profit
Flowing and HEAT TRANSFER LAW with cold fluid and hot fluid in bleeder heater, take extraction line crushing rate, heater water side is poor, heats
Device drain approach, from DCS of Power Plant DCS database, read main steam flow, feed pressure, heater and draw gas
Pressure, extraction temperature；According to heater flow mechanism and water and steam Property, heater leaving water temperature and hydrophobic is calculated
Temperature.The method of heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature is determined, and establishes bleeder heater leaving water temperature and drain temperature
With corresponding extraction pressure change heater-draw gas relational model；Water outlet specific enthalpy, hydrophobic specific enthalpy are calculated again, according to heater heat
Amount balance, is calculated share of being drawn gas corresponding to heater；Finally according to high pressure cylinder flow equilibrium, reheated steam stream is calculated
Amount.
Different from conventional method, the present invention is the relational model by drawing gas with heater, determines to add by extraction pressure
Hot device shell pressure such as Fig. 1, leaving water temperature and hydrophobic is determined by Heater Terminal Temperature Difference further according to the saturation temperature under shell pressure
Temperature such as Fig. 2, it is final to determine water outlet enthalpy and hydrophobic enthalpy.Avoid directly using the use measurement apparatus direct measurement in current engineering
The error of water temperature.
Embodiment 1
By taking certain thermal power plant as an example, under normal production environment, the assay method of reheated steam flow is as follows：
Step 1：
(1) following parameter is obtained from thermal power plant's DCS database：
Main steam flow D0For 2930.8644 (t/h)；
Feed pressure pfwFor 32.975 (MPa)；
#1, #2 and #3 heater are evacuated the extraction pressure p of side1For 7.99, p2For 6.05, p3For 2.33 (MPa)；
#1, #2 heater are evacuated the extraction temperature t of side1For 405.3, t2For 365.1 (DEG C)；
(2) constant taken according to design data：It is fixed to be taken according to declared working condition unit design data
The crushing rate d that draws gas of #1, #2 and #3 heaterp1、dp2And dp3It is 3 (%)；
The water side difference d of #1, #2 and #3 heatert1aFor -1.72, dt2aFor 0.04, dt3aFor -3 (DEG C)；
If #1, #2 heater have drain cooler (DC)：The drain approach d of #1, #2 heatert1b、dt2bFor 5.6
(℃)。
Step 2：Calculate heater water outlet specific enthalpy, hydrophobic specific enthalpy
(1) pressure of heater shell-side (outside cooling tube bundle)
The shell pressure p of #1, #2 and #3 heaters1For 7.7503 (MPa), ps2For 5.87 (MPa) and ps3For 2.26
(MPa)；
(2) saturation temperature under heater case lateral pressure
The saturation temperature t of #1, #2 and #3 heaters1For 292.8 (DEG C), ts2For 274.1 (DEG C), ts3For 218.65 (DEG C)；
(3) leaving water temperature of heater
The leaving water temperature t of #1, #2 and #3 heaterw1For 294.52 (DEG C), tw2For 274.06 (DEG C), tw3For 221.65
(℃)；
(4) drain temperature of heater
The drain temperature t of #1, #2 heaterd1For 279.66 (DEG C), td2For 227.25 (DEG C)；
(5) the water outlet specific enthalpy of heater
The water outlet specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 and #3 heaterw1For 1300.15 (kJ/kg), hw2For 1200.94 (kJ/kg) and hw3For
961.47(kJ/kg)；
(6) the hydrophobic specific enthalpy of heater
The hydrophobic specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 heaterd1For 1234.16 (kJ/kg), hd2For 978.04 (kJ/kg)；
Step 3：The determination of reheated steam flow：
(1) specific enthalpy of drawing gas of heater
The specific enthalpy h that draws gas of #1, #2 heater1For 3158.93 (kJ/kg), h2For 3084.83 (kJ/kg)；
(2) share of drawing gas of heater
The share aa that draws gas of #1, #2 heater1、aa2
aa1=(hw1-hw2)/(h1-hd1)=0.0515
aa2=((hw2-hw3)-aa1*(hd1-hd2))/(h2-hd2)=0.1074
(3) reheating vapour share aarhWith reheated steam flow Drh(t/h)
Reheating vapour share is with reheated steam flow rate calculation：
aarh=1-aa1-aa2=0.8411
Drh=D0*aarh=2465.03 (t/h)
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. assay method of cold section of double back hot heater reheated steam flow of reheating, it is characterised in that：Double back hot heater Including #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters, according to the known parameter and constant of double back hot heater, by being calculated The water outlet specific enthalpy h of the heaterw, hydrophobic specific enthalpy hd, drawn gas accordingly share further according to heater Heat balance calculation Aa, final reheated steam share aa is finally calculated further according to high pressure cylinder flow equilibriumrhAnd reheated steam flow Drh；Institute Stating parameter includes main steam flow D0, feed pressure pfwExtraction pressure p, extraction temperature t with heater, the constant include adding The crushing rate d that draws gas of hot devicep, water side difference dta；The water outlet specific enthalpy h of the heaterw, hydrophobic specific enthalpy hdComputational methods be：1-1) the pressure p of heater shell-sidesThe shell pressure of the #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters is respectively ps1、ps2And ps3, whereinps1=p1*(1-dp1)ps2=p2*(1-dp2)ps3=p3*(1-dp3)Wherein, p1、p2And p3The respectively extraction pressure of the pumping side of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters；dp1、dp2With dp3The respectively crushing rate of drawing gas of the pumping side of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters；1-2) the saturation temperature t under heater case lateral pressuresAccording to IAPWS-IF97 models, the saturation temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaterss1、ts2And ts3Respectively by Shell pressure ps1、ps2And ps3It is determined that；1-3) the leaving water temperature t of heaterwThe leaving water temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heatersw1、tw2And tw3Respectively：tw1=ts1-dt1atw2=ts2-dt2atw3=ts3-dt3aWherein, dt1a、dt2a、dt3aThe water side of respectively #1 heaters, #2 heaters and #3 heaters is poor；1-4) the drain temperature t of heaterdThe drain temperature t of #1 heaters, #2 heatersd1、td2Respectively：1-4-1) #1 heaters, #2 heaters have drain cooler, then：td1=tw2+dt1btd2=tw3+dt2bWherein, dt1b、dt2bRespectively #1 heaters, the drain approach of #2 heaters；1-4-2) #1 heaters, #2 heaters are without drain cooler, then：td1=ts1td2=ts21-5) the water outlet specific enthalpy h of heaterwAccording to IAPWS-IF97 models, the water outlet specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 and #3 heaterw1、hw2And hw3By feed pressure pfwRespectively with Leaving water temperature tw1、tw2And tw3It is determined that；1-6) the hydrophobic specific enthalpy h of heaterdAccording to IAPWS-IF97 models, the hydrophobic specific enthalpy h of #1, #2 heaterdBy shell pressure psWith drain temperature tdIt is determined that：I.e. hd1By shell pressure ps1, drain temperature td1It is determined that hd2 is by shell pressure ps2, drain temperature td2It is determined that；The reheated steam share aa of the heaterrhAnd reheated steam flow DrhComputational methods be：2-1) the specific enthalpy h that draws gas of heater pumping sideAccording to IAPWS-IF97 models, the specific enthalpy h that draws gas of #1, #2 heater pumping side is determined by extraction pressure p, extraction temperature t： That is h1By extraction pressure p1, extraction temperature t1It is determined that h2By extraction pressure p2, extraction temperature t2It is determined that；2-2) the share aa that draws gas of heater pumping sideThe share aa that draws gas of #1, #2 heater1、aa2Computational methods be：aa1=(hw1-hw2)/(h1-hd1)aa2=((hw2-hw3)-aa1*(hd1-hd2))/(h2-hd2)Wherein, hw1、hw2、hw3The respectively water outlet specific enthalpy of #1, #2, #3 heater；hd1、hd2Respectively #1, #2 heater is hydrophobic Specific enthalpy；2-3) reheating vapour share aarhWith reheated steam flow DrhComputational methods：aarh=1-aa1-aa2Drh=D0*aarh。
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| CN1952590A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2007-04-25 | 东北电力大学 | On-line monitoring method for variation of through-flow gap of steam turbine |
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| CN104048842A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-09-17 | 华中科技大学 | On-line monitoring method for heat rate of steam turbine on basis of soft measurement technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2787396B2 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1998-08-13 | 株式会社テイエルブイ | Steam flow meter |
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| CN1952590A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2007-04-25 | 东北电力大学 | On-line monitoring method for variation of through-flow gap of steam turbine |
| CN101825502A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-09-08 | 东南大学 | Effluent and drain temperature measurement and calculation method of heater with drain cooler on steam turbine |
| CN203502056U (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2014-03-26 | 大唐阳城发电有限责任公司 | Reheated steam flow calculation device of thermal power unit |
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