CN1050344A - Special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof - Google Patents

Special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1050344A
CN1050344A CN 89107428 CN89107428A CN1050344A CN 1050344 A CN1050344 A CN 1050344A CN 89107428 CN89107428 CN 89107428 CN 89107428 A CN89107428 A CN 89107428A CN 1050344 A CN1050344 A CN 1050344A
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China
Prior art keywords
die
hopper
slag
motlten metal
metal
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CN 89107428
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Chinese (zh)
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鲍尔斯·埃格尼维契·巴顿
鲍尔斯·埃泽莱维契·麦逗沃
朱瑞·维拉迪米诺维契·奥劳夫斯卡
维他拉·威斯莱维契·鲁波恩
维拉迪米尔·亚克维拉维契·玛丹及克
格瑞高瑞·班西奥诺维契·斯哈巴克
朱瑞·亚克维拉维契·若亚维斯凯
阿拉西·格奥尔盖维契·鲍盖陈考
阿拉先德尔·尼考拉维契·考诸石考
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Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
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Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
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Priority to CN 89107428 priority Critical patent/CN1050344A/en
Publication of CN1050344A publication Critical patent/CN1050344A/en
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Abstract

Special-shaped casts diecasting method of the present invention is before cast, die (4) is shifted to the hopper (1) that fills motlten metal (2) and slag (3), their upper end face is fitted mutually and formation sealing integral body, this sealing integral body can be overturn in vertical plane, makes metal and slag metaideophone in die.In using the device of the method, die and hopper respectively have the transmission mechanism (12 that they are overturn in vertical plane, 15), they die is turned to and hopper to form sealing whole, also can in metal and slag are poured into process in the die, make the whole upset of this sealing.

Description

Special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof
The present invention relates to electroslag process, relate to special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof or rather.
The invention of recommending mainly is applicable to the special-shaped casts of getting ferrous metal or non-ferrous metal part and instrument under fixing and condition of external field with electroslag permanent casting legal system, make the mechanical performance of foundry goods reach the level of forging, the foundry goods shape is very near the shape of fabricated part simultaneously.
In known a kind of special-shaped casts casting (SU, A, 548149), motlten metal is poured in the die with the mode of slag used in Metal Melting with open flow.This method can not guarantee the continuity of electroslag remelting metal flow when the metal of electroslag remelting is poured into a mould in die by hopper, because metal contacts with atmosphere when pouring into a mould in the mode of open flow, make in the metal metal inclusion state that reaches capacity, so that reduced the quality of foundry goods.
Known another kind of special-shaped casts casting (SU, A, 3333625) according to said method obtains motlten metal and slag in hopper, then it is poured in the die.Hopper and die are rigidly connected mutually, make the die wall be actually the continuity of bucket wall, and motlten metal and slag promptly flow along the die wall, and the upper end face of die and hopper is separated from each other.Therefore, die and hopper form the untight integral body of one side, realize the cast of metal and slag by the method for this integral body being watered the trunnion axis upset.
But the feasibility of this technology is restricted.This be because, if motlten metal and slag are spilt by watering overturn the fast method casting metal and the slag of misclosure integral body of trunnion axis; If overturn misclosure integral body at a slow speed, then considerable slag can condense on the wall that connects die and hopper, thereby the die foundry goods has serious blemish.In addition, in this misclosure integral body of forming by die and hopper, can't heat the notch portion of emitting of foundry goods effectively, can in foundry goods, produce shrinkage cavity and other casting flaw like this, otherwise just have to use a large amount of flux for fear of these defectives.
Known another kind of electroslag refining furnace (SU, A, 606359), it comprises pillar, the bracket of electrode is housed, be contained on the swinging mounting hopper, support arm and bottom bracket in order to holding molten metal and slag.Hopper shell is connected with bracket by mechanism with flexible elements, and adopts the die of placing separately in order to produce special-shaped casts.Hopper overturns around rotating support after obtaining motlten metal and slag, thereby makes liquid metals and slag inject die.
Known another diecasting device (SU, A, 656350) is to be made up of the hopper and the electrode feed mechanism of motlten metal and slag.Hopper is for describing device, and it pushes up down that , And can utilize independent transmission mechanism around self axis rotation.Hopper and transmission mechanism are contained on the platform, and this platform can rotate in vertical plane by independent transmission mechanism.Hopper overturns in vertical plane with platform after slag obtaining the deposite metal, thus can be in the die of independent placement casting metal and slag.
Existing these devices can not guarantee the continuity of electroslag remelting metal flow, because metal is the die that injects independent placement in the mode of open flow.
Known a kind of special-shaped casts casting device, it comprises the hopper and the die of motlten metal and slag, hopper has and can make the own transmission mechanism that rotates with respect to horizontally hinged fulcrum in vertical plane, die all is rigidly fixed to (B.E.Paton on the hopper in the overall process of gathering and cast electroslag remelting metal, B.I.Medovar, U.V.Orlovski work " electroslag casting " (Russian) nineteen eighty-two, Ukraine Intellectual Press (Kiev) the 51st~53 page).
Owing to be fixed on the continuity that hopper cast end that hopper puts is actually the die wall outward, the disruption that the electroslag remelting metal flow therefore when the electroslag remelting metal is poured into a mould in die by hopper, can not occur, and metal always is in below the molten slag layer, thereby can prevent that metal from contacting with atmosphere, guarantee the high-quality of foundry goods.
But the productivity ratio of this device is low, because at casting solidification with will pour into a mould die and change that hopper is inverted in time of sky die into, so a motlten metal under can not splendid attire.
For make foundry goods particularly heavy castings solidify, the time of being lost may reach holding molten metal and pouring into a mould 50% of required effective time.
The objective of the invention is to change the order of special-shaped casts diecasting operation and arrange the relative position of die and motlten metal and slag hopper in the casting device properly, so that in die, can prevent that metal from overflowing together with slag when casting molten metal and slag, And and can also before replacing the die of having poured into a mould, in hopper, send into a motlten metal and slag down with new die.
The method of finishing the object of the invention is, in special-shaped casts diecasting method, earlier motlten metal and slag are contained in the material bin, be poured in the die then, remain to crystallization and obtain special-shaped finished product cast, according to the present invention, the cast before die place hopper above, their upper end face is fitted mutually.In order to realize the cast of motlten metal and slag, overturn simultaneously die and hopper are in till the position of hopper below until die, thus with motlten metal and slag by the hopper metaideophone to die.Motlten metal and slag by the hopper metaideophone to the process of die, their joint of upper end face in the metaideophone district should be obturaged.
Die and hopper upper end face be the joint in die metaideophone district at motlten metal and slag, the most handy method that temporarily stops pouring into a mould till when this molten slag layer is solidified during from the topped joint of living in the metaideophone district of the molten slag layer joint of obturaging.
This time-out duration of pouring of motlten metal and slag, preferably elect 2% of cast total duration at least as.
The molten slag layer of topped die and hopper upper end face joint is preferably forced cooling.
Hopper preferably remains to the complete crystallization of foundry goods above die.
The method that solves the task of putting forward also is, hopper is equipped with the transmission mechanism that can overturn in vertical plane in comprising the special-shaped casts diecasting equipment of motlten metal and slag hopper and die, according to the present invention, the installation of die should make die move to hopper their upper end face is fitted mutually, whole to cause die and hopper to form a sealing, this seals whole available hopper transmission mechanism and rotates in vertical plane.
Die and motlten metal and slag hopper preferably are fixed on the common pivoting support, and the upset of die in vertical plane preferably has independent transmission mechanism.
In another kind of structural shape, motlten metal and slag hopper preferably are hingedly fixed in two bearing Zhi Jian And can occupy two positions, a position elevating hopper is connected with a bearing therein, on another position, be connected with another bearing, an additional die at least also will be arranged simultaneously, this additional die is fixed on independent pivoting support Shang And and has the transmission mechanism that overturns in vertical plane, it can form a sealing integral body with hopper on the position in two positions, and the whole transmission mechanism that replenishes die that can utilize of this sealing overturns in vertical plane.
Motlten metal and slag hopper and each die preferably have the automatic coupling that uses when a upper end face when them is fitted at least.
The invention of recommending can be got rid of shrinkage cavity and Castingother defective, thereby improves the special-shaped casts quality that makes.This is to be equipped with independent transmission mechanism owing to changed process sequence and hopper and die, thereby can prevent that metal from overflowing when cast in die.The invention of recommending also can be shortened and produces the required time of finished product cast, improve equipment productivity about 20%, this be since in die when cast molten slag layer replenished cooling, and foundry goods finishes in die before the crystallization that hopper can be got back to original position so that a motlten metal and slag under packing into.In addition, because the emittance that the hopper inner surface is emitted can be used to heat the notch portion of emitting of foundry goods, the present invention can improve the economy of technology.
The invention of recommending with specific embodiment and description of drawings below.
Fig. 1-when special-shaped casts diecasting process of the present invention begins, motlten metal and slag are housed in hopper;
Fig. 2-casting process second stage seals integral body to synthetic to form one at this stage die upper end face and hopper upper end face according to the present invention;
Fig. 3-according to the present invention metal together with slag metaideophone district in the joint of die and hopper upper end face by molten slag layer when topped metal suspend the stage of in die, pouring into a mould together with slag by hopper;
Fig. 4-molten slag layer of die and hopper upper end face joint is solidified the cast stage of back metal together with slag in the metaideophone district according to the present invention;
Foundry goods is just carrying out crystallization in the ending phase of Fig. 5-casting process of the present invention, this moment die, and casting pressing port part just is being subjected to the heating of the radiant energy that the hopper inner surface emits;
Fig. 6-the full view of working cycles incipient stage in the special-shaped casts diecasting device embodiment of recommending according to the present invention;
Fig. 7-motlten metal and slag hopper and the mutual alignment figure of die when they form a sealing integral body according to the present invention;
Motlten metal of Fig. 8-according to the present invention and slag hopper are poured into a mould mutual alignment figure when finishing at metal and slag in die;
Fig. 9-according to multistation device embodiment figure of the present invention.
For the essence of the special-shaped casts diecasting method more complete, that announcement is at length recommended, drawn Fig. 1~5, in order to show the operating sequence of this method, code name is wherein represented: 1-contains the hopper of motlten metal 2 and slag 3; The 4-die; The 5-consutrode; 6-die 4 with hopper 1 at metal 2 together with slag 3 joint in the metaideophone district in die 4; 7-abnormity finished product cast; 8-casting pressing port part; The radiant energy that 9-emits from hopper 1 inner surface 10.
The essence of the special-shaped casts diecasting method of recommending is as follows.
When working cycles begins, i.e. hopper 1(Fig. 1) relative with the upper end face of die 4 when doing 180 ° expansion, in hopper 1, obtain motlten metal 2 and slag 3(for example uses consutrode 5 electroslag remelting process).Then with die 4(Fig. 2) shift to hopper 1, the die 4 and the upper end face of hopper 1 are fitted mutually.Then begin in die 4 casting molten metal 2 and slag 3, method is to overturn die 4 and hopper 1 simultaneously and make die 4(Fig. 5) be positioned at the below of hopper 1.In order to prevent that motlten metal 2 and slag 3 from overflowing, die 4 should be obturaged at metal 2 and the joint 6 in the slag 3 metaideophone districts with hopper 1, and the method for for example available time-out cast is obturaged.When the joint 6 in the topped metal of slag 32 and slag 3 metaideophone districts, suspend the rotary movement of die 4 together with hopper 1.Die 4 together with hopper 1 this position remain to always metaideophone district molten slag layer 3 when solidifying till.Slag 3 process of setting of joint 6 should be monitored, for example available heat galvanic couple monitoring.
The cast time out should be 2% of cast total duration at least.As pour into a mould time out and be less than this setting, overflowing of metal 2 and slag 3 then can be taken place, because the molten slag layer 3 of filling metaideophone district joint 6 has little time to solidify at this moment.
In order to shorten the setting time of slag 3, can force to cool off the molten slag layer of joint 6, for example available method cooling of blowing a cold wind over or use water cooling.
The gap of joint 6, also available stickup asbestos cord or obturage in the method that joint 6 is smeared magnesium powder and waterglass mixture.
Slag 3(Fig. 4) solidifying the back continues cast and forms foundry goods 7(Fig. 5 therein until metal 2 and slag 3 whole metaideophones And in the die 4).In order to make foundry goods 7(Fig. 5) the notch portion 8 of emitting obtain the supplementary heating that hopper 1 inner surface 10 discharging radiations can 9, also in order to prevent shrinkage cavity and other casting flaw, hopper 1 should be till remaining to foundry goods 7 complete crystallizations always on the die 4.Because foundry goods 7 emits notch portion 8 to be subjected to supplementary heating, can be reduced to the acquisition slag and emit the flux consumption of notch portion 8, thereby improve the production economy of foundry goods 7 with heating foundry goods 7.Foundry goods 7 is finished the time of crystallization and should be monitored, and for example available thermocouple that is contained in die 4 walls is monitored.After crystallization finishes, hopper 1(Fig. 1) getting back to original position , And obtains a new motlten metal 2 and slag 3, and in another empty die replacement of die 4 usefulness of foundry goods 7 is arranged.
Special-shaped casts diecasting device according to the present invention, comprises hopper 1(Fig. 6 of holding molten metal 2 and slag 3) and die 4, consutrode 5 used in order to obtain motlten metal and slag simultaneously.
Hopper 1 and die 4 are fixed on the pivoting support common between them 11.Hopper 1 has and can make its single transmissioning mechanism 12 that rotates with respect to the center 13 of common pivoting support 11, and in order to die 4 engages, automatic couplings 14 as rack form.Die 4 has and can make its single transmissioning mechanism 15 that rotates with respect to the center 13 of common pivoting support 11, and in order to hopper 1 engages, automatic coupling 16 as the chuck form.
Arrow 17 is depicted as the reverses direction of die 4 in Fig. 7, and die 4 turn to its upper end face and hopper 1 upper end face Tie He And and forms a sealing whole 18.
Arrow 19 is depicted as the directions that the transmission mechanism 12 that utilizes hopper 1 when casting metal 2 and slag 3 And are produced finished product cast 7 in die 4 makes whole 18 upsets of sealing in Fig. 8.
The hopper 1 and the end face of die 4 are fitted not only can take the method for die 4 of overturning on a vertical plane, also can adopt any other method, for example allow die 4 shift and put in place or die 4 is put on the hopper 1 with jack machinism along proper orientation.
In the multistation device embodiment of recommending (Fig. 9), die 4 is fixed on common pivoting support 11 Shang , And and has the single transmissioning mechanism 15 that it is rotated around the center 13 of common pivoting support 11 in vertical plane.Hopper 1 is hingedly fixed in two bearings 11 and 20 Zhi Jian And can occupy two positions, and a position elevating hopper 1 can utilize transmission mechanism 12 center 13 around common pivoting support 11 in vertical plane to overturn with bearing 11 Lian Jie , And therein.Can utilize transmission mechanism 22 center 21 around pivoting support 20 in vertical plane to overturn at another position elevating hopper 1 with bearing 20 Lian Jie , And.Another side at hopper 1 is provided with additional die 23, has the chuck 24 that connects usefulness with hopper 1 on it, and additional die 23 is fixed on independent pivoting support 25 Shang And and can utilizes transmission mechanism 22 center 26 around pivoting support 25 in vertical plane to overturn.The multistation device can also have the more die that replenishes, and these dies should be installed in the different azimuth of hopper 1.Arrow 27 and 28 is depicted as hopper 1 respectively with die 4 and 23 directions of overturning.
The working method of the special-shaped casts diecasting device of recommending is as follows.
When working cycles begins, i.e. hopper 1(Fig. 6) relative with the upper end face of die 4 when doing 180 ° expansion, in hopper 1, obtain motlten metal 2 and slag 3(for example uses consutrode 5 electroslag remelting process).Make die 4(Fig. 7 then) involutory around 13 180 ° of the upsets of the center of common pivoting support 11 until its upper end face and hopper 1 upper end face.When die 4 during near hopper 1, support 14 interlocks on the chuck 16 on the die 4 and the hopper 1, thus form a sealing whole 18.This position is motlten metal 2 and the original position of slag 3 to die 4 cast.After this, sealing whole 18 is by arrow 19(Fig. 8) shown in direction utilize transmission mechanism 12 to begin around 180 ℃ of the center of common pivoting support 11 13 upsets.When hopper 1 slowly overturn together with die 4, motlten metal 2 was done the laminar flow cast in die 4, and metal 2 is below molten slag layer 3 during cast.The beginning crystallization below the molten slag layer 3 in die 4 of foundry goods 7 this moment.After this make die 4 break away from hopper 1, make hopper 1 get back to original position, do not wait new die 4 to put in place simultaneously, can make hopper 1 accept new a metal 2 and slag 3, that is to say the next working cycles of beginning together with foundry goods 7.
If what the radiant energy 9 that requires materials bucket 1 inner surface 10 to emit heated foundry goods 7 emits notch portion 8, hopper 1 should remain to foundry goods 7 complete crystallizations on die 4, And and should check (for example using thermocouple) crystallization process.
Using several (for example two) die 4 and 23(Fig. 9) situation under, the working method of device is as follows: obtain metal 2 and slag 3, its upper end face and die 4 upper end face Dui He And and make after it locks mutually with coupling 14 and 16 in hopper 1, hopper 1 is promptly thrown off bearing 20.Then, hopper 1 utilizes transmission mechanism 12 to press direction shown in the arrow 27 around 13 upsets of the center of bearing 11 together with die fixed thereon 4.This moment, metal 2 was with slag 3(Fig. 5) be poured in the die 4.Hopper 1(Fig. 9 then) disconnected from each other with die 4, hopper 1 is got back to Yuan Wei And and is fixed on the bearing 20.This rear hopper is accepted down a metal 2 and slag 3(Fig. 1), die 23(Fig. 9) upper end face and hopper 1 upper end face be involutory, with coupling 14 and 24 die 23 be fixed on the hopper 1.Hopper 1 disengagement bearing 11 , And utilize transmission mechanism 22 around 180 ° of the center of bearing 20 21 upsets together with die fixed thereon 23 then, and this moment, metal 2 was poured in the die 23 together with slag 3.Hopper 1 is disconnected from each other with die 23 then, and hopper 1 is got back to original position, and working cycles promptly begins repetition.
Therefore, the invention of application recommendation can be produced and do not had the premium casting 7(of shrinkage cavity and Castingother defective Fig. 5,8).In the method for recommending owing to taked to suspend the measure of casting metal 2 and slag 3 in die 4, so can prevent from the process of in die 4, pouring into a mould, to overflow metal 2 and slag 3.So can suspend cast is because hopper 1 and die 4 have transmission mechanism 12 and 15 separately respectively, one of them can make die 4 turn to die 4 and seal integral body 18 with the upper end face Dui He And formation of hopper 1, and another can make whole 18 to overturn when cast.In addition, also be because hopper 1 and die 4 have transmission mechanism 12 and 15 separately, hopper 1 just can be thrown off a motlten metal 2 and slag 3 under the die 4 back acceptance before foundry goods 7 complete crystallizations, therefore improved the productivity ratio of device.And utilizes 9 pairs of foundry goods 7 of radiant energy of hopper 1 inner surface 10 to emit notch portion 8 to heat in foundry goods 7 crystallization process on the die 4 because hopper 1 remains on, thereby can guarantee the high-quality of foundry goods 7, reduced simultaneously and be used to heat the flux consumption that foundry goods 7 emits notch portion 8, significantly improved the economy of technology.

Claims (9)

1, special-shaped casts diecasting method, hopper in this method (1) obtains motlten metal (2) and slag (3), it is poured in the die (4), remain to crystallization then and obtain special-shaped finished product cast (7), it is characterized by: die before cast (4) places on the hopper (1), their upper end face is fitted mutually, make die (4) and hopper (1) turn to the position that die (4) is positioned at hopper (1) below together simultaneously, thereby make motlten metal (2) and slag (3) by hopper (1) metaideophone in die (4), so promptly realize the cast of motlten metal (2) and slag (3), simultaneously be subjected to obturaging by hopper (1) metaideophone their upper end face joint (6) in the metaideophone district in the process of die (4) at motlten metal (2) and slag (3).
2, press the special-shaped casts diecasting method of claim 1, it is characterized by:, be the method that time-out is poured into a mould till this molten slag layer (3) is when solidifying when taking from the topped metaideophone of molten slag layer (3) district in joint (6) obturaging of the upper end face joint (6) of motlten metal (2) and slag (3) die (4) and hopper (1) to die (4) metaideophone district in.
3, by the special-shaped casts diecasting method of claim 2, it is characterized by: suspend casting molten metal (2) and elect 2% of cast total duration at least as with the time of slag (3).
4, by the special-shaped casts diecasting method of one of claim 1~3, it is characterized by: the topped die (4) and the molten slag layer (3) of hopper (1) upper end face joint (6) are forced cooling.
5, by the special-shaped casts diecasting method of one of claim 1~4, it is characterized by: hopper (1) remains to foundry goods (7) crystallization fully on die (4).
6, used device in claim 1~5 casting, comprise and have upset transmission mechanism (12) in vertical plane, fill the hopper (1) and the die (4) of motlten metal (2) and slag (3), it is characterized by: the installation of die (4) can make die (4) shift to hopper (1) and fit mutually until their upper end face, thereby make die (4) and hopper (1) form a sealing whole (18), and the transmission mechanism (12) of available hopper (1) overturns in vertical plane, and this seal whole.
7, press the device of claim 6, it is characterized by: die (4) and motlten metal (2) are fixed on the common pivoting support (11) with the hopper (1) of slag (3), and have independent transmission mechanism (15), in order to the die that in vertical plane, overturns (4).
8, device by claim 6, it is characterized by: motlten metal (2) is hingedly fixed in two bearings (11 with the hopper (1) of slag (3), 20) Zhi Jian And can occupy two positions, a position elevating hopper (1) is connected with bearing (11) therein, on another position, be connected with bearing (20), simultaneously, at least also has an additional die (23), this additional die (23) is fixed on independent pivoting support, and (25) Shang And have upset transmission mechanism (22) in vertical plane, it is whole that the hopper (1) that it can be in a position in two positions together forms a sealing together, and can utilize the transmission mechanism (22) of additional die (23) this sealing integral body of overturn in vertical plane.
9, by the device of claim 7 or 8, it is characterized by: motlten metal (2) has the automatic coupling (14,16,24) that uses when a upper end face when them is fitted at least with hopper (1) and each die (4 or 23) of slag (3).
CN 89107428 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof Pending CN1050344A (en)

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CN 89107428 CN1050344A (en) 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Special-shaped casts diecasting method and device thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102310190A (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-11 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Aluminum liquid pouring device for casting large aluminum ingot
CN105960297A (en) * 2013-12-03 2016-09-21 尼玛克股份有限公司 Method for producing castings from metal melt by means of casting
CN110125344A (en) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-16 陕西三毅有岩材料科技有限公司 A kind of method and refractory metal ingot casting refractory metal

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102310190A (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-11 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Aluminum liquid pouring device for casting large aluminum ingot
CN105960297A (en) * 2013-12-03 2016-09-21 尼玛克股份有限公司 Method for producing castings from metal melt by means of casting
CN110125344A (en) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-16 陕西三毅有岩材料科技有限公司 A kind of method and refractory metal ingot casting refractory metal

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