CN105033141B - Back and forth crowded gathering apparatus and its application method and application - Google Patents
Back and forth crowded gathering apparatus and its application method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105033141B CN105033141B CN201510300188.6A CN201510300188A CN105033141B CN 105033141 B CN105033141 B CN 105033141B CN 201510300188 A CN201510300188 A CN 201510300188A CN 105033141 B CN105033141 B CN 105033141B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of back and forth crowded gathering apparatus for preparing Ultra-fine Grained pie material, it includes upper male mould, cavity plate, lower punch and base, the base is removable installed in the bottom of cavity plate, provided with interconnected upper impression and lower impressions in the cavity plate, and the bottom inside of the upper impression is in the arc with extrusion mouth, the inner side of the lower impressions is also arc, and the arc on the inside of upper impression has equal radius with the arc on the inside of lower impressions.The present invention has following beneficial effect：The cavity plate necking down area of the present invention uses arc transition, effectively avoids and flowed in conventional extrusion slowly without uniform extruding dead band, Strain Distribution is uniform, and grain dispersion is small.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to prepare the past of Ultra-fine Grained pie material the present invention relates to a kind of method in plastic forming technology field
Gathering apparatus and its processing method are squeezed again.
Background technology
Super fine crystal material is to integrate excellent intensity and the high performance material of good plasticity and toughness.And large plastometric set
Technology (SPD) has significant grain refining capability, be it is a kind of it is generally acknowledged prepare Ultra-fine Grained (grain size is 100nm-1um) and
Block nanometer (crystal grain is less than 100nm) most promising method of material.
By the literature search discovery to prior art, utility model patent " prepares the reciprocating extrusion dress of super fine crystal material
Put " (the patent No.：ZL200720075526.1) disclose a kind of reciprocating extrusion device, the device can notable crystal grain thinning, but
It is that mould structure determines that the reciprocating extrusion device is only limitted to produce the stub material that draw ratio is less than certain particular value, it is difficult to produce plate
Material or the larger block materials of volume；When passage extrusion ratio is big, the easy unstability of blank, therefore pass deformation is restricted；Together
When, extruding dead band is difficult to avoid that, the material positioned at extruding dead band flows slow and insufficient in process, and dependent variable is obvious
Less than other regions.
Further retrieval is found, patent of invention " Multidirectional combined type circulating upsetting pressure device and upsetting pressure method " (patent No.：
ZL201010595910.0 a kind of large plastometric set processing method for producing the larger ultra-fine crystal block body material of volume) is provided.
Square-section bar is processed as block sample by this method first with positive upsetting pressure device, then by the block sample in lateral upsetting
In pressure device again extruding be with the prismatic bar of initial blank, so repeatedly, so as to realize the system of ultra-fine crystal block body material
It is standby.This method, which most significantly has the disadvantage that the mold of needs two coordinates, to be realized, accordingly, be also required in plastic processing
Two press operations simultaneously, production equipment utilization rate is low, it is difficult to expanding production.In addition, during using the device turned blank, blank
Up to 360 ° of circumferential flows in positive upsetting pressure device, fully flowing is realized in three dimensions.But, the now circumference of blank
Flowing belongs to no back pressure type and flowed freely, and is easily ftractureed at Plastic Flow die joint, i.e., the block materials produced with the device
It is inevasible to there is macroscopic cracking.Above-mentioned two shortcoming seriously constrains this method answering in ultra-fine crystal block body material
With.
The content of the invention
The present invention for deficiencies of the prior art there is provided one kind it is new and suitable for large volume pie material production
Large plastometric set device and specific processing method, this method cavity plate necking down area uses arc transition, effectively avoids routine
Flowed in extruding slowly without uniform extruding dead band, Strain Distribution is more uniform；While the concave circular arcs type of lower punch end
Chamber can provide certain equivalent back pressure, the tendency that reduction material ftractures at the die joint of left and right；Available for prepare simple metal, conjunction
A variety of Ultra-fine Grained pie materials such as gold, intermetallic compound, composite, macromolecular material, semi-conducting material.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
In a first aspect, the invention discloses a kind of back and forth crowded gathering apparatus for preparing Ultra-fine Grained pie material, it includes convex
Mould, cavity plate, lower punch and base, the base are removable installed in the bottom of cavity plate, the cavity plate provided with interconnected
Upper impression and lower impressions, and the upper impression bottom inside be in extrusion mouth arc, the inner side of the lower impressions
For arc, arc on the inside of upper impression has equal radius with the arc on the inside of lower impressions.
Preferably, the bottom of the cavity plate is also movably equipped with the cushion block for adjusting lower punch height.
Preferably, the cavity plate is embedded on base by the screens groove on base.
Second aspect, the invention discloses a kind of back and forth crowded upsetting method based on foregoing reciprocal crowded gathering apparatus, it includes
Following steps：
After S1, preheated charge, cavity plate and upper and lower punch-pin, by blank, upper male mould and lower punch be placed in concave die cavity it
It is interior；
S2, upper male mould pressed, the blank is pressed into lower mode cavity by upper cavity to carry out squeezing pier operate, up to fill type complete
It is whole；
S3, detach cushion block, take out lower punch and blank, complete the processing of the first passage；
S4, repeat step S1~S3, realize that multi-pass back and forth squeezes pier.
Preferably, in step S2, the crowded pier operation includes such as the next stage：
Pier squeezes early stage, and blank fills type in upper impression, while entering lower impressions by extrusion mouth；
Blank lower impressions fill type it is complete after, occur without dead band crimp, until blank contact lower punch；
After after blank contact lower punch, both sides are flowed to the left and right in the presence of lower punch, occur Upsetting, until filling
Type is complete.
Preferably, the multi-pass process is achieved by different machining paths.
Preferably, the path includes：
Path A, blank is between adjacent two passage without rotating；
Path B, blank is rotated by 90 ° in adjacent two passages spaced winding its center axis；
Path C, blank rotates 180 ° in adjacent two passages spaced winding its center axis.
The third aspect, the invention discloses a kind of gathering apparatus that back and forth squeezes as the aforementioned in simple metal, alloy, intermetallic
Purposes in thing, composite, macromolecular material, the preparation of semi-conducting material Ultra-fine Grained pie material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
1st, patent of the present invention provides large plastometric set device and tool a kind of new and produced suitable for large volume pie material
Body processing method；
2nd, the cavity plate necking down area of patent of the present invention uses arc transition, effectively avoid flowed in conventional extrusion it is slow and
Uneven extruding dead band, Strain Distribution is uniform, and grain dispersion is small；
3rd, patent of the present invention is in blank upsetting process, and the concave circular arcs die cavity of lower punch end can provide certain etc.
Imitate back pressure, the tendency that reduction material ftractures at the die joint of left and right；
4th, squeezing the passage true strain of upsetting can be regulated and controled by the radius of two circles and the size of distance of center circle.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description made with reference to the following drawings to non-limiting example, further feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is back and forth crowded upsetting mould structure outline drawing；
Fig. 2 squeezes upsetting mould longitudinally half-sectional profile to be reciprocal；
Fig. 3 is that cavity plate, blank, upper male mould and lower punch coordinate sectional view；
In figure：1st, upper male mould；2nd, cavity plate；3rd, lower punch；4th, base；5th, cushion block；6th, blank；7th, upper impression；8th, lower impressions；
9th, step；10th, screens groove.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to the technology of this area
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that to the ordinary skill of this area
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of back and forth crowded gathering apparatus for preparing Ultra-fine Grained pie material that the present invention is provided, its structure is as schemed as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2
With shown in Fig. 3, including：Upper male mould 1, cavity plate 2, lower punch 3, base 4, cushion block 5；Base 4 is removable installed in the bottom of cavity plate 2
Necking down area is provided with portion, cavity plate 2, the necking down area will mark off interconnected upper impression 7 and lower impressions 8 inside cavity plate 2；Wherein
The bottom inside of upper impression 7 is in the arc with extrusion mouth；The inner side of lower impressions 8 is also arc, the arc of the inner side of upper impression 7 with
The arc of the inner side of lower impressions 8 has equal radius.
The lower end of upper male mould 1 coordinates with the bottom of the upper impression 7 of cavity plate 2, and in the upper end of upper male mould 1 and the upper impression 7 of cavity plate 2
Portion's step 9 coordinates, and determines the lower position of upper male mould 1 in process.
Cavity plate 2 is embedded on base 4 by the screens groove 10 on base 4.
The inside necking down area of cavity plate 2 is made up of the outer contour for two semicolumns that radius is equal, circular section is intersecting, circular arc
Transition effectively prevent in " dead band " in conventional extrusion；In 0.2~2R, (R is the circular section of semicolumn to the die cavity thickness control of cavity plate 2
Radius), it can directly prepare the blank 6 of respective thickness；Passage true strain can by change two intersected cylinder circular section radiuses and
The size of distance of center circle is changed.
The upper end of punch-pin 3 coordinates with the top half of cavity plate lower impressions 8, constitutes a cylinder for being available for blank 6 to fill
Region；The geometry concave surface of lower punch 3 can produce lateral compression to the lateral flow of blank 6, be flowed so as to reduce blank 6 in left and right
The tendency ftractureed at dynamic die joint；The circular arc portion of lower punch 3 is designed with certain wall thickness, prevents lower punch 3 in process
It is middle to be broken.
Knockout course by can pull cushion block 5 realize that lower punch 3 is placed on cushion block 5, after every time process finishing, detach
The demoulding can be achieved in cushion block 5 and lower punch 3.
Multi-pass process can be achieved by different machining paths.Machining path is by adjacent two processing passages
Between the relative position of blank define：Path A, blank is between adjacent two passage without rotating；Path B, blank is adjacent two
Passage spaced winding its center axis is rotated by 90 °；Path C, blank rotates 180 ° in adjacent two passages spaced winding its center axis.
By physical dimension for Φ 100mm × 20mm aluminum alloy specimen 6 and upper male mould 3 in being preheated to processing in resistance furnace
Temperature (180~300 DEG C), while being preheated to the cavity plate 2 assembled and lower punch 3 using heating mantle mutually synthermal.Preheating
After the completion of, blank 6 is transferred in cavity plate upper impression 7, upper male mould 1 is placed on blank.Using 300 t hydraulic press by upper male mould
Depressed with 1mm/s speed, blank is carried out to squeeze upsetting deformation.Early stage is deformed, blank 2 fills type in upper impression, led to simultaneously
Cross extrusion mouth and enter lower impressions；Upper impression fill type it is complete after, typical crimp occurs for blank, until convex under blank contact
Mould；After blank is contacted with lower punch, Upsetting occurs for blank two ends lateral flow to the left and right in the presence of lower punch.
The geometry concave surface of lower punch 3 produces certain compression to the lateral flow of blank, it is possible to decrease blank flows die joint in left and right
Locate the tendency of cracking.Treat that blank 2 enters after lower impressions 8, stop extruding, detach cushion block 5, exit lower punch 3, blank 2 is pushed up
Go out, complete the processing of the first passage.Mould is cleared up afterwards, and coats lubricant needed for processing next time, repeats said process to complete
Multi-pass is processed.Between adjacent two processing passages, it can be realized by machining path A, B, C defined above, theory point
Analysis machining path B can obtain more uniform Strain Distribution.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substance of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of back and forth crowded gathering apparatus for preparing Ultra-fine Grained pie material, it is characterised in that including upper male mould, cavity plate, lower punch
And base, the base is removable installed in the bottom of cavity plate, is provided with necking down area in the cavity plate, and the necking down area is by cavity plate
Inside marks off interconnected upper impression and lower impressions, and the bottom inside of the upper impression is in the arc with extrusion mouth,
The inner side of the lower impressions is also that the arc on the inside of arc, upper impression has equal radius, institute with the arc on the inside of lower impressions
State provided with interconnected upper impression and lower impressions in cavity plate, and the inner side at the top of upper impression bottom and lower impressions is by radius phase
Outer contour Deng two intersecting semicolumns of, circular section is constituted；It is geometry concave structure at the top of described lower punch, with cavity plate
Lower impressions coordinate, and form complete cylindrical type cavity configuration, and the concave structure of lower punch can produce side to the lateral flow of blank
To compression.
2. back and forth crowded gathering apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the necking down area inside described cavity plate is circular arc mistake
Cross；Concave die cavity thickness control is in 0.2R ~ 2R；Passage true strain can be by changing two intersected cylinder circular section radiuses and the center of circle
Away from size be adjusted, R be semicolumn circular section radius.
3. a kind of back and forth crowded upsetting method of the reciprocal crowded gathering apparatus based on described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that including such as
Lower step：
After S1, preheated charge, cavity plate and upper and lower punch-pin, blank, upper male mould and lower punch are placed within concave die cavity；
S2, upper male mould pressed, the blank is pressed into lower impressions by upper impression to carry out squeezing upsetting operate, up to fill type complete；
S3, detach cushion block, take out lower punch and blank, complete the processing of the first passage；
S4, repeat step S1 ~ S3, realize that multi-pass back and forth squeezes upsetting.
4. back and forth crowded upsetting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in step S2, the crowded upsetting operation includes as follows
Stage：
Upsetting early stage is squeezed, blank fills type in upper impression, while entering lower impressions by extrusion mouth；
Blank lower impressions fill type it is complete after, occur without dead band crimp, until blank contact lower punch；
After after blank contact lower punch, both sides are flowed to the left and right in the presence of lower punch, occur Upsetting, until it is complete to fill type
It is whole.
5. back and forth crowded upsetting method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the multi-pass back and forth squeezes upsetting process and passed through
Different machining paths are achieved.
6. back and forth crowded upsetting method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the path includes：
Path A, blank is between adjacent two passage without rotating；
Path B, blank is rotated by 90 ° in adjacent two passages spaced winding its center axis；
Path C, blank rotates 180 ° in adjacent two passages spaced winding its center axis.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510300188.6A CN105033141B (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Back and forth crowded gathering apparatus and its application method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510300188.6A CN105033141B (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Back and forth crowded gathering apparatus and its application method and application |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105033141A CN105033141A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105033141B true CN105033141B (en) | 2017-07-11 |
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| CN201510300188.6A Active CN105033141B (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Back and forth crowded gathering apparatus and its application method and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109663878B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-02-04 | 燕山大学 | Progressive warm-hot upsetting-torsion alternating strong deformation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3649673B2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2005-05-18 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Extrusion processing apparatus, extrusion processing method, and extrusion processing control method |
| CN2768921Y (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-04-05 | 上海交通大学 | Repeated upsetting extruding die for producing ultra-fine grained material |
| CN201088982Y (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2008-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Reciprocating extrusion device for preparing ultra-fine crystal material |
| CN101509116A (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-08-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for producing ultra-fine grain by using repeated forging of large deformation |
| CN203917441U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-11-05 | 太原科技大学 | The device of the rough standby block body ultrafine grain metal material of reciprocating extrusion pier |
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