CN105024748A - Method and device of uplink access of satellite communication - Google Patents
Method and device of uplink access of satellite communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN105024748A CN105024748A CN201510470956.2A CN201510470956A CN105024748A CN 105024748 A CN105024748 A CN 105024748A CN 201510470956 A CN201510470956 A CN 201510470956A CN 105024748 A CN105024748 A CN 105024748A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
- H04B7/18508—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service with satellite system used as relay, i.e. aeronautical mobile satellite service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/19—Earth-synchronous stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/204—Multiple access
- H04B7/216—Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and device of uplink access of satellite communication, belonging to the field of technology of satellite communication. The method comprises: a request frame is sent by a way station; then waiting frames are continuously sent by the way station; the request frame is captured by a satellite, and spectrum sensing and multi-user identification are completed according to received signals; communication parameters are distributed to the way station according to the identification result, and are sent down through a response frame; at the same time, waiting frame signals are continuously received by the satellite, and sync bits of the frames are subjected to track, despreading and detection all the time; the response frame is detected by the way station and the content of the response frame is extracted so as to obtain parameters sent by the satellite; the sync bits of the frames are sent by the way station, and data frames are sent by the way station according to the parameters distributed by the satellite; when the sync bits of the frames are detected by the satellite, the data frames of the way station is received, tracked and despreaded according to the distributed parameters, contents of the data frames are extracted, and end marks are continuously detected; when end marks are detected, a receipt frame is distributed to the way station; and the process is finished after the receipt frame distributed by the satellite is received by the way station. Compared with the communication efficiency and link self-adaption accuracy of the prior art, communication efficiency and link self-adaption accuracy are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite communication up-link access method, be specifically related to a kind ofly be applied to ground based terminal in code division multiple access satellite communication system and, to the burst upstream cut-in method of satellite, belong to technical field of satellite communication.
Background technology
It is strong that CDMA mode has antijamming capability, good confidentiality, the advantage that multiadress connection is flexible, is widely used in the middle of some capacity are little, distribution is wide, be made up of multiple small station satellite communication system.Wherein small station, ground is called up link to the process of satellite transmission data, because the long transmission distance of satellite channel, propagation delay are large, when small station, ground is the user terminal that volume is very little, be limited to power consumption and antenna aperture, its power transmitted can not be very large, therefore most earth observation satellite and communication satellite system all adopt near-earth orbit, shorten the distance between user terminal and satellite as far as possible, reduce path loss.
But the near-earth satellite cycle of operation is short, when flying through ground station overhead, relative velocity is high, the Observable time is short, channel quality has stronger time variation, and there is sudden and multi-access inference in the multi-upstream access that user terminal is initiated, therefore requires that satellite can carry out Multi-user recognition and acquisition and tracking rapidly and accurately.
A kind of method improving communication efficiency is link adaptation techniques.Traditional code division multiple access system adopts fixing transmission means, in order to ensure that the communication under severe channel conditions or average channel conditions is not interrupted, often to sacrifice band efficiency to exchange the reliability of communication for, and link adaptation techniques thinking difference therewith, it is track channel change dynamically, according to the capacity of channel situation determination present channel, and then change the character rate of transmission information, transmitted power, the parameter such as code rate and coded system, thus information can be sent to greatest extent, realize the lower error rate, alleviate the interference to user, meet the demand of different business, the entire throughput of raising system.
Stop-and-wait agreement is a kind of conventional link adaptation techniques embodiment, by the mutual handshake of communicating pair, reaches the target avoided conflict with self-adjusted block channel parameter.But in satellite communication, particularly in multimedia LEO satellite communications, application stop-and-wait agreement has a great disadvantage, due to the time variation of channel quality, handshake all needs to re-start to catch each time, not only reduce communication efficiency, and the processing delay thereupon brought also can increase the error of channel estimating, affects the accuracy of link circuit self-adapting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of link circuit self-adapting burst upstream cut-in method being applied to code division multiple access satellite communication system.
The object of the invention is to complete by the following technical programs:
A kind of satellite communication up-link access method, comprises the following steps:
1, when small station has data to upload, small station enters the uplink access request stage, now small station sends uplink access request frame to satellite, (this " content " refers to the text of upper band spectrum modulation in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Signal to the content of described request frame, unless there are specified otherwise, hereafter all same) at least comprise small station numbering;
As preferably, described request frame comprises pilot tone and small station information;
2, little stand in send uplink access request frame after, enter loitering phase, now small station seamlessly to satellite send wait for frame;
As preferably, the content of described wait frame can be one section of pilot frequency sequence, also can be one section of scrambling code sequence without practical significance, but should be noted, wait for content frame any one section all can not with hereinafter described frame lock bit content be identical;
3, satellite detects small station uplink access request frame catching in operation, by following the tracks of, despreading, extracting information code wherein, obtaining small station information;
4, satellite completes frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition according to the signal received;
5, satellite is according to the result of frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, distributes character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter, and issued small station by acknowledgement frame the small station proposing uplink receiving request; Meanwhile, the wait frame signal in satellite continuous reception small station, and keep its tracking, despreading, detection frame lock bit;
As preferably, described acknowledgement frame comprises pilot tone, sync bit, message segment and end mark;
As preferably, described acknowledgement frame uses the user code in small station;
6, small station detects the acknowledgement frame that satellite sends, and extracts content wherein, obtains the parameter that satellite issues;
7, small station enters the data upload stage, now small station terminates to send wait frame, and send the frame lock bit that a section has immobilized substance without interruption, then start without interruption to send Frame, the parameter information that the character rate of described Frame, transmitting power, code rate and coded system etc. are all distributed according to satellite and adjusting, and its afterbody has the end mark of one section of immobilized substance;
8, after satellite detects frame lock bit, start to receive small station Frame according to its mode issued corresponding to parameter, follow the tracks of and despreading, extract its content, and continue to detect end mark;
9, when satellite detects end mark in data frame content, a receipt frame is issued to small station;
Described receipt frame comprises pilot tone and flag bit;
10, after small station receives the receipt frame that satellite issues, then this time multi-upstream access process success.
A kind of satellite uploads access device, and comprise the upload request module being positioned at small station and the upper transmitting/receiving module being positioned at satellite, both are with full duplex radio electric wave interactive communication;
Described upload request module comprises concurrent working and the detecting unit be directly connected and transmitting element; Described transmitting element is used for generating and sending uplink access request frame continuously, wait for frame and Frame, and is controlled when to be switched to Frame from wait frame by detecting unit; Described detecting unit for the acknowledgement frame that detects satellite and issue and receipt frame, and controls transmitting element and is switched to Frame from wait frame when acknowledgement frame being detected, confirm that this is uploaded access and successfully terminates when receipt frame being detected;
Described upper transmitting/receiving module comprises the reception detecting unit, channel estimating unit, the feedback transmitting element that are connected successively; Described reception detecting unit is for the uplink access request frame of catching, following the tracks of and despreading small station sending, wait frame and Frame, and after uplink access request frame being detected, the signal of uplink access request frame and despread result are passed to channel estimating unit, and notice feedback transmitting element feeds back receipt frame after Frame end mark being detected; Described channel estimating unit, according to the signal of obtained uplink access request frame and despread result, carries out frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, and distributes the parameters such as character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system, passes to feedback transmitting element; Described feedback transmitting element, according to obtained acknowledgement frame parameter or feedback receipt frame notice, generates acknowledgement frame or receipt frame, and sends to small station.
Beneficial effect
Contrast prior art, the inventive method has following characteristics:
Existing employings etc. stop the up-link access method of formula protocol link adaptive technique, satellite is when receiving claim frame and Frame, need to carry out catching for twice, and the inventive method adds synchronous head between claim frame and Frame, make in handshake procedure, to remain the signal continuous data transmission of small station to satellite, and satellite keeps free of discontinuities to follow the tracks of, avoid because shake hands interval and repeating of producing are caught, therefore, compared to prior art, the inventive method effectively improves communication efficiency and link circuit self-adapting accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the 4-Way Handshake process schematic in embodiment of the present invention satellite and small station;
Fig. 2 is a kind of frame structure schematic diagram of the upward signal that embodiment of the present invention small station sends to satellite;
Fig. 3 is a kind of frame structure schematic diagram of the downstream signal that embodiment of the present invention satellite sends to small station;
Fig. 4 is the workflow schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention multi-upstream access process when Satellite;
Fig. 5 is the workflow schematic diagram of multi-upstream access process when middle and small stations of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that the satellite of the embodiment of the present invention uploads access device structural representation.
Embodiment
Hereafter describe one embodiment of the present of invention with detailed reference to accompanying drawing, how application technology means solve technical problem in the present invention whereby, and the implementation process reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.In order to complete understanding the present invention, refer to many details in the following detailed description, but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can realize without the need to these details.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment describes ground small station T in code division multiple access satellite communication system and access the process of uploading data to satellite S burst.
As shown in Figure 1, be the 4-Way Handshake process schematic between small station and satellite, its detailed process is as follows:
1, when small station T has data will upload to satellite S, the uplink access request stage is entered.
Now, small station T uses specific spreading code, RF spot, character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system, and (" specific " is herein for satellite T, namely little the standing in ground belonging to this communication system all needs to use identical spreading code, RF spot, character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system when satellite T sends uplink access request), send upstream request frame to satellite S.
Described request frame format as shown in Figure 2, comprises pilot tone and small station information.
2, small station T is after sending uplink access request frame, enters loitering phase.
Small station T, after sending uplink access request frame, starts timer n, and starts to send wait frame.
In the present embodiment, wait for that content frame is one section of pilot frequency sequence, its length changes with channel situation, but is provided with maximum N to it in advance.When timer n reaches maximum N, and the acknowledgement frame that satellite S issues do not detected yet, then judge this multi-upstream access failure.
3, satellite T continues to catch on particular radio-frequency frequency, when upstream request frame having been detected, follows the tracks of it, despreading, extracts the small station information in upstream request frame, knows the information such as the numbering of small station T.
4, satellite S completes frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition according to the signal received.
Because satellite S may keep communicating with multiple small station simultaneously, its channel circumstance is had nothing in common with each other, and all has time variation, and satellite needs monitoring in real time, analyzes.Link adaptation techniques has had numerous quite ripe algorithm in this respect, and it will not go into details herein.
5, satellite S is according to the result of frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, distributes the parameters such as character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system, and issued small station by acknowledgement frame the small station proposing uplink receiving request.
As shown in Figure 3, acknowledgement frame content comprises four parts: acknowledgement frame pilot, acknowledgement frame sync bit, acknowledgement frame message segment and acknowledgement frame end mark.
In order to the confidentiality communicated, acknowledgement frame uses the user code of small station T (belong to separately small station T and be different from the pseudorandom spread spectrum code of small station, every other ground and satellite).
Meanwhile, the wait frame signal of satellite S continuous reception small station T, and keep its tracking, despreading, detect frame lock bit, if wait for that frame interrupts, then illustrate that small station T wait timeout or channel conditions deteriorate are not enough to keep communication, judge this multi-upstream access failure.
6, small station T is before timer n also non-time-out, the acknowledgement frame that satellite S sends detected, and extracts content wherein, obtains the parameter that satellite S issues.
7, small station T enters the data upload stage.Small station T terminates to send wait frame, and sends the frame lock bit that a section has immobilized substance without interruption, then starts without interruption to send Frame.The parameter information that the RF spot of Frame, character rate, transmitting power, code rate and coded system etc. are all distributed according to satellite S and adjusting.The afterbody of Frame has the end mark of one section of immobilized substance, as shown in Figure 2.
Small station T, after sending uplink data frames, starts timer m, and starts Acquisition Detection receipt frame.Often through a symbol time, timer m adds 1, when timer n reaches preset value M, and the receipt frame that satellite S issues do not detected yet, then judge this multi-upstream access failure.
8, satellite S is to waiting for that frame keeps in the process of tracking, despreading, inspection is to frame lock bit, start to be handed down to the RF spot of small station T, character rate, transmitting power, code rate and coded system according to it, use the user code of small station T, Frame is received, follows the tracks of and despreading, extract its content, and persistency check end mark.
9, when satellite S checks end mark in data frame content, a receipt frame is issued to small station T.
As shown in Figure 3, receipt frame comprises two parts: receipt frame pilot tone, receipt flag of frame position.
10, after small station T receives the receipt frame that satellite issues, then this multi-upstream access process success is judged.
Embodiment 2
A kind of satellite uploads access device, and as shown in Figure 6, comprise the upload request module being positioned at small station and the upper transmitting/receiving module being positioned at satellite, both are with full duplex radio electric wave interactive communication;
The described upload request module being positioned at small station comprises detecting unit and the transmitting element of concurrent working, and detecting unit has controlling functions to transmitting element; Described transmitting element is used for generating and sending uplink access request frame continuously, wait for frame and Frame, and is controlled when to be switched to Frame from wait frame by detecting unit; Described detecting unit for the acknowledgement frame that detects satellite and issue and receipt frame, and controls transmitting element and is switched to Frame from wait frame when acknowledgement frame being detected, confirm that this is uploaded access and successfully terminates when Frame being detected;
The described upper transmitting/receiving module being positioned at satellite comprises the reception detecting unit, channel estimating unit, the feedback transmitting element that are connected successively; Described reception detecting unit is for the uplink access request frame of catching, following the tracks of and despreading small station sending, wait frame and Frame, and after uplink access request frame being detected, the signal of uplink access request frame and despread result are passed to channel estimating unit; Described channel estimating unit, according to the signal of obtained uplink access request frame and despread result, carries out frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, and distributes the parameters such as character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system, passes to feedback transmitting element; Feedback transmitting element, according to obtained parameter, generates acknowledgement frame, and sends to small station.
Be illustrated in figure 4 the specific works flow process of the upper transmitting/receiving module being positioned at satellite:
1, detect/catch the signal that small station module is sent;
2, judge whether this signal is upstream request frame, if so, goes to step 3; Otherwise, go to step 1;
3, extract claim frame information, obtain small station information wherein, and distribute character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter for it;
4, the acknowledgement frame comprising character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter content is sent to small station module;
5, receive the wait frame that small station module is sent, keep its tracking, despreading, detection frame lock bit;
6, judge whether frame lock bit to be detected, if do not had, go to step 5; Otherwise, go to step 7;
7, the mode issued corresponding to parameter according to it receives the small station Frame received, follows the tracks of and despreading, extracts its content, and continues to detect end mark, if end mark detected, goes to step 8; Otherwise multi-upstream access failure, terminates;
8, send receipt frame to small station module, multi-upstream access success, terminates.
Be illustrated in figure 5 the specific works flow process of the upload request module being positioned at small station:
1, when small station has data to upload, frame is sent request to satellite modules;
2, loitering phase timer T1 is started;
3, judge whether to receive acknowledgement frame, if so, go to step 6; Otherwise, go to step 4;
4, wait frame is sent to satellite modules;
5, judge that whether T1 is overtime, if overtime, then multi-upstream access failure, terminates; Otherwise, go to step 3;
6, Frame is sent to satellite modules;
7, log-on data uploads phase timer T2;
8, judge whether to receive receipt frame, if so, go to step 10; Otherwise, go to step 9;
9, judge that whether T2 is overtime, if overtime, then multi-upstream access failure, terminates; Otherwise, go to step 8;
10, multi-upstream access success, terminates.
Above execution mode is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and be out of shape; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a satellite communication up-link access method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) when small station has data to upload, small station enters the uplink access request stage, now small station sends uplink access request frame to satellite, (this " content " refers to the text of upper band spectrum modulation in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Signal to the content of described request frame, unless there are specified otherwise, hereafter all same) at least comprise small station numbering;
(2) little stand in send uplink access request frame after, enter loitering phase, now small station seamlessly to satellite send wait for frame;
(3) satellite detects small station uplink access request frame catching in operation, by following the tracks of, despreading, extracting information code wherein, obtaining small station information;
(4) satellite completes frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition according to the signal received;
(5) satellite is according to the result of frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, distributes character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter, and issued small station by acknowledgement frame the small station proposing uplink receiving request; Meanwhile, the wait frame signal in satellite continuous reception small station, and keep its tracking, despreading, detection frame lock bit;
(6) small station detects the acknowledgement frame that satellite sends, and extracts content wherein, obtains the parameter that satellite issues;
(7) small station enters the data upload stage, now small station terminates to send wait frame, and send the frame lock bit that a section has immobilized substance without interruption, then start without interruption to send Frame, the parameter information that the character rate of described Frame, transmitting power, code rate and coded system etc. are all distributed according to satellite and adjusting, and its afterbody has the end mark of one section of immobilized substance;
(8) after satellite detects frame lock bit, start to receive small station Frame according to its mode issued corresponding to parameter, follow the tracks of and despreading, extract its content, and continue to detect end mark;
(9) when satellite detects end mark in data frame content, a receipt frame is issued to small station;
(10) after small station receives the receipt frame that satellite issues, then this time multi-upstream access process success.
2. a kind of satellite communication up-link access method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described request frame comprises pilot tone and small station information.
3. a kind of satellite communication up-link access method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the content of described wait frame or one section of pilot frequency sequence, or one section of scrambling code sequence without practical significance, but its content any one section can not be identical with described frame lock bit content.
4. a kind of satellite communication up-link access method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described acknowledgement frame comprises pilot tone, sync bit, message segment and end mark.
5. a kind of satellite communication up-link access method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described acknowledgement frame uses the user code in small station.
6. any one satellite communication up-link access method according to claim 1-5, is characterized in that: described receipt frame comprises pilot tone and flag bit.
7. satellite uploads an access device, it is characterized in that: comprise the upload request module being positioned at small station and the upper transmitting/receiving module being positioned at satellite, both are with full duplex radio electric wave interactive communication;
Described upload request module comprises concurrent working and the detecting unit be directly connected and transmitting element; Described transmitting element is used for generating and sending uplink access request frame continuously, wait for frame and Frame, and is controlled when to be switched to Frame from wait frame by detecting unit; Described detecting unit for the acknowledgement frame that detects satellite and issue and receipt frame, and controls transmitting element and is switched to Frame from wait frame when acknowledgement frame being detected, confirm that this is uploaded access and successfully terminates when receipt frame being detected;
Described upper transmitting/receiving module comprises the reception detecting unit, channel estimating unit, the feedback transmitting element that are connected successively; Described reception detecting unit is for the uplink access request frame of catching, following the tracks of and despreading small station sending, wait frame and Frame, and after uplink access request frame being detected, the signal of uplink access request frame and despread result are passed to channel estimating unit, and notice feedback transmitting element feeds back receipt frame after Frame end mark being detected; Described channel estimating unit, according to the signal of obtained uplink access request frame and despread result, carries out frequency spectrum perception and Multi-user recognition, and distributes the parameters such as character rate, transmitted power, code rate and coded system, passes to feedback transmitting element; Described feedback transmitting element, according to obtained acknowledgement frame parameter or feedback receipt frame notice, generates acknowledgement frame or receipt frame, and sends to small station.
8. a kind of satellite according to claim 7 uploads access device, it is characterized in that: the specific works flow process of described upload request module is as follows:
(1) when small station has data to upload, frame is sent request to satellite modules;
(2) loitering phase timer T1 is started;
(3) judge whether to receive acknowledgement frame, if so, go to step 6; Otherwise, go to step 4;
(4) wait frame is sent to satellite modules;
(5) judge that whether T1 is overtime, if overtime, then multi-upstream access failure, terminates; Otherwise, go to step 3;
(6) Frame is sent to satellite modules;
(7) log-on data uploads phase timer T2;
(8) judge whether to receive receipt frame, if so, go to step 10; Otherwise, go to step 9;
(9) judge that whether T2 is overtime, if overtime, then multi-upstream access failure, terminates; Otherwise, go to step 8;
(10) multi-upstream access success, terminates.
9. a kind of satellite according to claim 7 or 8 uploads access device, it is characterized in that: the specific works flow process of described upper transmitting/receiving module is as follows:
(1) detect/catch the signal that small station module is sent;
(2) judge whether this signal is upstream request frame, if so, goes to step 3; Otherwise, go to step 1;
(3) extract claim frame information, obtain small station information wherein, and distribute character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter for it;
(4) acknowledgement frame comprising character rate, transmitted power, code rate and encoding mode parameter content is sent to small station module;
(5) receive the wait frame that small station module is sent, keep its tracking, despreading, detection frame lock bit;
(6) judge whether frame lock bit to be detected, if do not had, go to step 5; Otherwise, go to step 7;
(7) mode issued corresponding to parameter according to it receives the small station Frame received, follows the tracks of and despreading, extracts its content, and continues to detect end mark, if end mark detected, goes to step 8; Otherwise multi-upstream access failure, terminates;
(8) send receipt frame to small station module, multi-upstream access success, terminates.
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| CN113452401A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-user detection and separation system, method, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN113452401B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-user detection and separation system, method, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN115276911A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Ground and unmanned aerial vehicle data transmission method and system based on sequence frame integral response |
| CN115276911B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-07-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Ground and unmanned aerial vehicle data transmission method and system based on sequence frame integral response |
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| CN116470956B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-10-13 | 成都川美新技术股份有限公司 | Channel tracking method and system for backtracking time-frequency signal in non-guiding mode |
| CN116506899A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Delay processing method, login method, device, master station, small station and storage medium |
| CN116506899B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-25 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Delay processing method, login method, device, master station, small station and storage medium |
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