CN105024351B - Based on output over-voltage protection method, protection circuit and the translation circuit sampled indirectly - Google Patents
Based on output over-voltage protection method, protection circuit and the translation circuit sampled indirectly Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of based on the output over-voltage protection method, overvoltage crowbar and the translation circuit that sample indirectly.Output over-voltage protection method includes: to obtain the voltage at switching tube both ends respectively during switching tube shutdown and during switch conduction；And the switch tube voltage signal of the two periods is handled, estimate output voltage；When the output voltage of estimation is greater than given threshold, reduces the duty ratio of switching tube or turn off the switch pipe, reduces output voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to over-voltage protection technology fields, and in particular to a kind of based on the output over-voltage protection side sampled indirectly
Method, protection circuit and translation circuit.
Background technique
In existing DC-DC transfer circuit, directly adopted as usually passed through in Buck circuit (Buck conversion circuit)
Sample output voltage realizes output over-voltage protection.As shown in Figure 1, switching tube is connected with the positive bus-bar of Buck circuit, switching tube
Source electrode connect diode, one of input terminal of comparator directly acquires output voltage by divider resistance, through comparing
It exports by logic control to the control electrode of switching tube and realizes output over-voltage protection.In this each circuit, due to switching tube
Source electrode connects diode, therefore the V of switching tubeGSCurrent potential is not fixed, and switching tube needs drive floatingly, is driven complex.
For convenience of driving, switching tube is connected with the negative busbar of Buck circuit, as shown in Figure 2.In the circuit due to
Output voltage and input voltage altogether, do not need to realize output voltage in switching tube conducting by an auxiliary winding
Sampling, and then realize output over-voltage protection.Increase complexity and cost that auxiliary winding not only increases route, and assists
Winding is a negative voltage during switch conduction, is unfavorable for being internally integrated for circuit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to overcome realized in existing DC-DC converter output over-voltage protection connection it is complicated and at
This higher problem provides a kind of based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, protection circuit and translation circuit.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provide it is a kind of for DC-DC transfer circuit based on indirectly sampling
Output over-voltage protection method includes:
During switching tube shutdown, the voltage at switching tube both ends is obtained；
During conduction of the switch tube, the voltage at the switching tube both ends that will acquire is average in the switch periods of switching tube,
Obtain average voltage relevant to output voltage；
Average voltage is compared with given threshold, when average voltage is greater than given threshold, output drive signal subtracts
The duty ratio of small switching tube turns off the switch pipe, reduces output voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, after the voltage for obtaining switching tube both ends, the voltage got is kept,
Switching tube is average in switch periods by the voltage after holding during being connected, and obtains average voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, reduce switching tube duty ratio method include keep switching tube switch periods not
Become, reduces the turn-on time of switching tube；Or keep the turn-on time of switching tube constant, increase the switch periods of switching tube.
In one embodiment of the invention, average voltage is compared with given threshold again after division module divides.
In one embodiment of the invention, division module is the adjustable division module of voltage ratio.
Another aspect of the present invention also provide a kind of pair of DC-DC converter output voltage carry out overvoltage protection based on
The output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly includes sampling module, averaging module and compares and Logic control module.Sampling module
During switching tube shutdown, the voltage at switching tube both ends is obtained.Averaging module during conduction of the switch tube, the switch that will acquire
The voltage at pipe both ends is average in the switch periods of switching tube, obtains average voltage relevant to output voltage.Comparison and logic
Average voltage is compared by control module with given threshold, and when average voltage is greater than given threshold, output drive signal subtracts
The duty ratio of small switching tube turns off the switch pipe, reduces output voltage.
In one embodiment of the invention, further includes keeping module based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly, keep
Module is electrically connected between sampling module and averaging module, and output is to averagely after the voltage that sampling module obtains is kept
Module.
In one embodiment of the invention, compares and Logic control module includes comparator and logic controller, comparator
One of input terminal is electrically connected averaging module, another input terminal of comparator inputs given threshold, the output of comparator
End is electrically connected with logic controller, and logic controller outputs control signals to switching tube.
It further include division module based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly in one embodiment of the invention, partial pressure
Module be electrically connected at averaging module and compare and Logic control module between, output is to comparing after output voltage is divided
And Logic control module.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of translation circuit, comprising: DC-DC converter and based on sampling indirectly
Output overvoltage protection circuit.DC-DC is electrically connected based on the sampling module in the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly
Switching tube in converter obtains the voltage at switching tube both ends during the shutdown of switching tube, compares and Logic control module
The control terminal of output electric property connection switch pipe.
In conclusion output over-voltage protection method provided by the invention and protection circuit, are obtained during the shutdown of switching tube
It takes switching tube both end voltage and the voltage is averaged in switching tube switch periods, obtain average electricity relevant to output voltage
Pressure is compared to the average voltage and given threshold to reduce the duty ratio of switching tube or turns off the switch pipe, and then realizes defeated
The overvoltage protection of voltage out.Over-voltage protection method provided by the invention and protection circuit, are realized by way of sampling indirectly
Output over-voltage protection, switching tube can be connected with the negative busbar of DC-DC transfer circuit at this time, and switching tube is without floatingly
Driving, driving method are simple.Meanwhile circuit implementations are simple, cost not only greatly reduced compared with auxiliary winding, and protect
Each device can integrate in protection circuit, substantially reduce protection circuit occupied area on circuit boards.
Further, since switching tube both end voltage is obtained during the shutdown of switching tube, to maintain the voltage value
Stabilization, the voltage that will acquire kept, the holding voltage is averaged when during switching tube entering conducting.It should
Being arranged can effectively prevent the voltage value got to leak, and further increase the accuracy of overvoltage protection.Average voltage is set
It is compared again with given threshold after division module divides, and division module is the adjustable division module of voltage ratio, it is real
Now over-voltage protection point is adjustable, has good universal performance.
For above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly,
And cooperate attached drawing, it is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the schematic diagram of existing Buck circuit.
Fig. 3 show the flow chart based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 a show the principle frame based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure.
Fig. 4 b show another embodiment of the present invention provides the principle based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly
Block diagram.
Fig. 5 show the schematic diagram based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 show the functional block diagram of the translation circuit of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 7 show the functional block diagram of translation circuit provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 show the functional block diagram of the translation circuit of the offer of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 show existing Buck circuit and realizes output over-voltage protection by direct sampling and outputting voltage, in the electricity
Due to the V of switching tube in roadGSDriving voltage and control chip not altogether, therefore need to be using driving floatingly.And in Fig. 2, switch
The driving and controlling circuits of pipe altogether, but export not altogether, need to realize output over-voltage protection by increasing auxiliary winding, this
Cost is not only considerably increased, while being also unfavorable for being internally integrated for circuit.
In view of this, the present invention provide it is a kind of based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, as shown in Figure 3, comprising:
Step S1, during switching tube shutdown, the voltage Vsw at switching tube both ends is obtained.Pass through control in this present embodiment
One switches on-off the voltage Vsw for coming sampling switch pipe both ends.
Step S2, after the voltage for obtaining switching tube both ends, the voltage got is kept, be maintained voltage
Vkeep.Due to switching from turning off to being connected with the regular hour, to prevent voltage Vsw from during this period of time changing, from
And influence it is averaged after output voltage, and then influence output over-voltage protection accuracy, in this present embodiment, pass through one charging
Capacitor realizes the holding of voltage Vsw.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.
Step S3, during conduction of the switch tube, voltage Vkeep will be kept average in the switch periods of switching tube, obtained
Average voltage Vaver associated with output voltage.Average voltage Vaver=Vkeep*Ton/Ts, Vkeep expression is after keeping
Switching tube both ends voltage, Ton indicate switching tube turn-on time, Ts indicate switching tube switch periods.
Step S4, average voltage Vaver is compared with given threshold Vref, when average voltage Vaver is greater than setting
When threshold value Vref, output drive signal reduces the duty ratio of switching tube or turns off the switch pipe, reduces output voltage.In the present embodiment
In, the method for reducing the duty ratio of switching tube is to keep the switch periods Ts of switching tube constant, reduces the turn-on time of switching tube
Ton.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.In other embodiments, the turn-on time Ton of switching tube can be kept constant,
Increase the switch periods Ts of switching tube to realize the reduction of switching tube duty ratio.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.In
In other embodiments, when average voltage is more than threshold value, output drive signal turn-on time is reduced to 0, i.e. closing driving signal.
It is provided in this embodiment based on average voltage Vaver in the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly through division module
It is compared again with given threshold after partial pressure, and the dividing ratios of division module are adjustable, realizes the adjustable of over-voltage protection point.So
And the present invention is not limited in any way this.In other embodiments, the voltage of Vsw first can also be passed through into potential-divider network, then
By sampling keep and it is average in the way of obtain average voltage, which is directly compared with given threshold.
It is provided by the invention based on the output over-voltage protection method that samples indirectly by obtaining switching tube during disconnection
Both end voltage Vsw, and be kept as keeping voltage Vkeep.In the section of turn-on time next time of switching tube, by the sampling
It keeps signal to be transported to an average circuit, average voltage Vaver relevant to transmission of electricity pressure is obtained, by the average voltage of acquisition
Vaver is compared with given threshold Vref, exports control signal according to comparison result to reduce duty ratio or the pass of switching tube
Switching tube is closed, finally realizes output over-voltage protection.This kind of output over-voltage protection method, switching tube without driving floatingly, and also without
Output voltage need to be obtained using auxiliary winding, the type of attachment of circuit is simpler, cost is lower.
With it is above-mentioned corresponding based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, the present invention also provides one kind based on indirect
The output overvoltage protection circuit of sampling and translation circuit with the protection circuit.
It include sampling module 1, average mould based on the output overvoltage protection circuit 100 sampled indirectly as shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 5
Block 2 and compare and Logic control module 3.Sampling module 1 obtains the voltage Vsw at the both ends switching tube Q during switching tube turns off.
For averaging module 2 during switching tube Q is connected, the holding signal of the voltage Vsw at the both ends switching tube Q that will acquire is applied to one
The input terminal of averaging module, during switching tube Q shutdown, the signal for being applied to averaging module input terminal is 0.Averaging module is usual
For low-pass filtering, such as RC filter or other similar low-pass filter.In this way, averaging module is in a switch periods,
Vkeep average voltage Vaver in switch periods is obtained, this average voltage Vaver is related to output voltage Vout.Compare and
Average voltage Vaver is compared by Logic control module 3 with given threshold Vref, when average voltage Vaver is greater than setting threshold
When value Vref, output drive signal reduces the duty ratio of switching tube or turns off the switch pipe Q, reduces output voltage.In the present embodiment
In, sampling module 1 includes the sampling switch being electrically connected with switching tube Q, and averaging module 2 is by a resistance and an electricity
Hold the RC average circuit of composition.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.In other embodiments, it can be used other average
Circuit obtains average voltage Vaver.
It further include keeping module 4 based on the output overvoltage protection circuit 100 sampled indirectly for burning voltage Vsw.Keep mould
Block 4 is electrically connected between sampling module 1 and averaging module 2, and output valve is put down after the voltage that sampling module obtains is kept
Equal module 2.In this present embodiment, keeping module 4 includes a charging capacitor being electrically connected with sampling switch.It is led in switching tube Q
During logical, the voltage at charging capacitor both ends obtains average voltage Vaver after RC average circuit is average.
In this present embodiment, average voltage Vaver after the partial pressure of division module 4 output to comparing and Logic control module 3.
In this present embodiment, division module is made of resistance R1 and R2, and at least one in resistance R1 and R2 is variable resistance, is passed through
The value of R1 or R2 is adjusted to realize different over-voltage protection points.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.In other embodiments
In, it can be fixed value resistance by resistance R1 and R2, and integrated with other components.
In this present embodiment, compare and Logic control module 3 includes comparator 31 and logic controller 32, comparator 31
One of input terminal is electrically connected division module 4, another input terminal of comparator 31 inputs given threshold, comparator 31
Output end and logic controller 32 are electrically connected, and logic controller 32 outputs control signals to switching tube Q.Logic controller 32 is defeated
Control signal reduces the duty ratio of switching tube Q to reduce output voltage Vout out, realizes output over-voltage protection.However, in other
In embodiment, when not including division module 4 based on the output overvoltage protection circuit 100 sampled indirectly, comparator 31 is wherein
One input terminal is connected with averaging module 2, another input terminal connects given threshold.
It is described further below in conjunction with translation circuit to based on the output overvoltage protection circuit 100 sampled indirectly.Fig. 6 institute
It is shown as comprising the BUCK circuit based on the output overvoltage protection circuit 100 sampled indirectly.During the shutdown of switching tube Q, sampling
The Vsw that module 1 obtains, Vsw is equal to input voltage vin at this time, is maintenance voltage Vkeep after keeping module 4 to keep.Work as switch
When pipe Q is connected, averaging module 2 averagely obtains Vaver=Vin*Ton/Ts to maintenance voltage Vkeep in switch periods.Analysis
Relationship known to circuit between average voltage Vaver and output voltage Vout are as follows:
Vaver=Vout
Therefore Vout=Vin*D.D is the duty ratio of switching tube Q, i.e. D=Ton/Ts.
Vaver is Vaver*R2/ (R1+R2) after the partial pressure of division module 4, and the voltage input to comparator 31 and is set
Threshold voltage Vref is compared.When Vaver*R2/ (R1+R2) is greater than Vref, comparator 31 outputs signal to logic control
Device 32,32 output signal of logic controller reduce the turn-on time Ton of switching tube Q, realize the reduction of output voltage Vout.
In this present embodiment, switching tube Q is mos pipe.However, the present invention is not limited in any way this.In other embodiments
In, switching tube Q can be triode or silicon-controlled equal switching devices.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment and embodiment one and its variation are essentially identical, and difference is, translation circuit provided in this embodiment is
Circuit of reversed excitation, as shown in Figure 7.In the circuit when switching tube Q is disconnected, Vsw must keep voltage Vkeep=Vin+ after keeping
K*Vout (the wherein no-load voltage ratio that k is transformer in circuit of reversed excitation).When switching tube Q conducting, Vkeep is done in switch periods flat
, average voltage Vaver=Vkeep*Ton/Ts=D*Vin+D*k*Vout is obtained.The average voltage and defeated known to the circuit analysis
The relationship of voltage out are as follows:
Vaver=k*Vout.
K*Vout=D*Vin+D*k*Vout
K*Vout=D*Vin/ (1-D)
Therefore, when value of the Vaver after the partial pressure of division module 4 is greater than given threshold Vref, compare to output signal to and patrol
Controller 32 is collected, logic controller reduces the duty ratio D of switching tube, so that k*Vout declines, that is, reduces output voltage, real
Existing output over-voltage protection.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment and embodiment one and its variation are essentially identical, and difference is, translation circuit provided in this embodiment is
Buck-boost circuit (buck or boost translation circuit).As shown in figure 8, the voltage of sw point is equal to defeated when switching tube Q is disconnected
Enter the sum of voltage and output voltage, voltage Vkeep=Vin+Vout is kept after keeping.When switching tube conducting, Vkeep is existed
It is averaged in the switch periods of switching tube Q, available average voltage:
Vaver=Vkeep*Ton/Ts=D* (Vin+Vout)
From circuit analysis it is found that Vaver=Vout
Therefore D* (Vin+Vout)=Vout
Vout=D*Vin/ (1-D)
Therefore, when value of the Vaver after the partial pressure of division module 4 is greater than given threshold Vref, compare to output signal to and patrol
Controller 32 is collected, logic controller reduces the duty ratio D of switching tube, so that Vout declines, that is, reduces output voltage, realizes
Overvoltage protection.
In conclusion output over-voltage protection method provided by the invention and protection circuit, are obtained during the shutdown of switching tube Q
It takes switching tube both end voltage and the voltage is averaged in switching tube switch periods, obtain relevant to output voltage Vout average
Average voltage Vaver and given threshold Vref are compared to reduce duty ratio D or the closing of switching tube Q by voltage Vaver
Switching tube Q, and then realize the overvoltage protection of output voltage.Over-voltage protection method provided by the invention and protection circuit, by
The mode of sampling is connect to realize output over-voltage protection, switching tube can be connected with the negative busbar of DC-DC transfer circuit at this time,
For switching tube without driving floatingly, driving method is simple.Meanwhile circuit implementations are simple, compared with auxiliary winding not only
Cost is greatly reduced, and protects each device in circuit that can integrate, substantially reduces protection circuit institute on circuit boards
The area of occupancy.
Further, since switching tube both end voltage is obtained during the shutdown of switching tube, to maintain the voltage value
Stabilization, the voltage that will acquire kept, and is carried out the holding voltage Vkeep when during switching tube entering conducting flat
?.The setting can effectively prevent the voltage value got to leak, and further increase the accuracy of overvoltage protection.Setting is average
Voltage is compared with given threshold again after division module divides, and division module is the adjustable partial pressure mould of voltage ratio
Block realizes the adjustable of over-voltage protection point, has good universal performance.
Although the present invention is disclosed above by preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the invention, this any known skill
Skill person can make some changes and embellishment without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore protection scope of the present invention is worked as
Subject to claims range claimed.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that be used for DC-DC transfer circuit, packet
It includes:
During switching tube shutdown, the voltage at switching tube both ends is obtained；
During conduction of the switch tube, the voltage at the switching tube both ends that will acquire averagely obtained in the switch periods of switching tube with
The relevant average voltage of output voltage keeps the voltage got, is switching after the voltage for obtaining switching tube both ends
Pipe is average in switch periods by the voltage after holding during being connected, and obtains average voltage；
Average voltage is compared with given threshold, when average voltage is greater than given threshold, output drive signal reduction is opened
It closes the duty ratio of pipe or turns off the switch pipe, reduce output voltage；
The method for reducing switching tube duty ratio includes keeping the switch periods of switching tube constant, reduces the turn-on time of switching tube；
Or keep the turn-on time of switching tube constant, increase the switch periods of switching tube.
2. according to claim 1 based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that average voltage warp
It is compared again with given threshold after division module partial pressure.
3. according to claim 2 based on the output over-voltage protection method sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that the partial pressure mould
Block is the adjustable division module of voltage ratio.
4. a kind of based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that the output electricity of DC-DC converter
Pressure carries out overvoltage protection, comprising:
Sampling module obtains the voltage at switching tube both ends during switching tube shutdown；
Averaging module, during conduction of the switch tube, the voltage at the switching tube both ends that will acquire is in the switch periods of switching tube
Averagely obtain average voltage relevant to output voltage；
Average voltage is compared by comparison and Logic control module with given threshold, when average voltage is greater than given threshold,
Output drive signal reduces the duty ratio of switching tube or turns off the switch pipe, reduces output voltage, reduces the side of switching tube duty ratio
Method includes keeping the switch periods of switching tube constant, reduces the turn-on time of switching tube；Or keep the turn-on time of switching tube
It is constant, increase the switch periods of switching tube；
It is described based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly further include keep module, the holding module, which is electrically connected at, adopts
Between egf block and averaging module, export after the voltage that sampling module obtains is kept to averaging module.
5. according to claim 4 based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that the comparison and
Logic control module includes comparator and logic controller, and one of input terminal of the comparator is electrically connected average mould
Block, another input terminal of comparator input given threshold, and the output end and logic controller of comparator are electrically connected, logic control
Device output drive signal processed is to switching tube.
6. according to claim 4 based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly, which is characterized in that it is described be based between
The output overvoltage protection circuit for connecing sampling further includes division module, the division module be electrically connected at averaging module and compare and
Between Logic control module, output is to comparing and Logic control module after output voltage is divided.
7. a kind of translation circuit characterized by comprising
DC-DC converter；With
It is described defeated based on what is sampled indirectly based on the output overvoltage protection circuit sampled indirectly described in any one of claim 4~6
The sampling module in overvoltage crowbar is electrically connected the switching tube in DC-DC converter out, in the shutdown phase of switching tube
Between obtain the voltage at switching tube both ends, compare and the control terminal of the output electric property connection switch pipe of Logic control module.
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| CN103166442A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-06-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device for preventing current of buck circuit from flowing reversely, converter and power supply |
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| KR101422962B1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-28 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | Power factor corrction circuit |
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| CN203645894U (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-06-11 | 常熟银海集成电路有限公司 | Load sampling circuit of isolated LED driving circuit |
| CN104407659A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Output current sampling circuit and output voltage compensation circuit of power supply converter |
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Address after: Room 901-23, 9 / F, west 4 building, Xigang development center, 298 Zhenhua Road, Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310030 Patentee after: Jiehuate Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 424, building 1, 1500 Wenyi West Road, Cangqian street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: JOULWATT TECHNOLOGY (HANGZHOU) Co.,Ltd. |
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