CN105018800A - Aluminum alloy material with good high-temperature resistance for cylinder head and preparation method of aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy material with good high-temperature resistance for cylinder head and preparation method of aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material with good high-temperature resistance for a cylinder head. The aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 7-8 parts of silicon, 45-50 parts of aluminum scrap master alloyed powder, 0.4-0.5 part of tetrapod-shaped ZnO whiskers, 0.2-0.25 part of magnesium, 0.5-0.55 part of cobalt, 0.4-0.45 part of zirconium, 0.1-0.2 part of nickel and the balance aluminum. According to the aluminum alloy material, the composition proportion of alloy is reasonable; through the reasonable smelting and heat treatment technology, the mechanical property, particularly the high-temperature mechanical property, of the alloy can be improved; moreover, the stability of a strengthening phase can be improved, precipitation and growth of the strengthening phase are stopped, crystal particles are refined, crack sources of the aluminum alloy are reduced, and therefore the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy are improved and the machinability of the aluminum alloy is improved; the aluminum alloy material is particularly suitable for manufacturing the engine cylinder head.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aluminum alloys, cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that particularly a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures is good and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cast aluminium alloy has that specific volume is little, intensity is high, cast form is good and processing characteristics is excellent, the coefficient of expansion is little and the series of advantages such as good fluidity, is widely used in the industries such as automobile, Aeronautics and Astronautics and household electrical appliances.Current domestic and international most of Cylinder-Block, cylinder cap adopt aldural to produce substantially, because the weight of automobile often reduces, its oil consumption can reduce 0.6%-1%.In order to reduce fuel consumption, simultaneously also in order to reduce the pollution of motor vehicle exhaust to atmospheric environment, alleviating automotive dead weight is an important measure.Therefore, automobile casting is constantly replaced by lightweight aluminium foundry goods becomes development trend.The material being used as Cylinder-Block cylinder cap mainly contains 328.0 of domestic ZL101, ZL104, ZL702A alloy and the U.S., the A-S5U3 of France, the A4CB aluminium alloy etc. of Japan.Although the aluminum silicon alloy of traditional trade mark can meet service requirements in common use properties, when part is in complicated stressed condition, often there is many weak points.Although as ZL101 alloying constituent is simple, its mechanical property is not high, can only be used for the part that requirement of strength is not high; The thermotolerance of ZL104 is poor etc., therefore has important application value to the research and development of cast aluminium alloy.
The importance and functions of Aluminum-aluminum alloy in national economy is only second to iron and steel, its consumption and scope expanding day.Primary aluminum can not meet the needs of society, is the day by day exhausted of bauxite on the one hand, is that the smelting of aluminium consumes mass energy on the other hand, aggravation energy dilemma.So the part effectively reclaiming and utilize the various waste material of aluminium processing industry and use to scrap just seems and is even more important.Aluminium scrap is a kind of metal having height Collection and utilization to be worth, first aluminium is a kind of information resources, a large amount of energy to be consumed in the process of smelting aluminium, the mean direct power consumption of China's current electrolysis aluminium is about 14500kWh/t, in the world state-of-the-art index oneself reach 13000kWh/t, and the energy consumption melting aluminium scrap is very low, be only equivalent to about 5% of electrolytic aluminum; Aluminium is the metal that a kind of corrosion stability is very strong, and corrosion loss amount is few, and during aluminium scrap remelting, casting yield is quite high, and recovery value is high, can be unlimited be recovered utilization, therefore the utilization of aluminium scrap not only can save energy, can also reduce production cost.
Summary of the invention
Cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures good and preparation method thereof.The present invention, by research, optimizes alloying constituent and thermal treatment process, invents by optimized alloy composition and adopt scientific and reasonable thermal treatment process, can not only put forward heavy alloyed mechanical property, especially mechanical behavior under high temperature; And the stability of strengthening phase can be improved, stop the precipitation of strengthening phase and grow up, putting forward heavy alloyed shock resistance.And the present invention adopts the element meltings such as aluminium scrap bits and manganese, copper, chromium to make aluminium scrap master alloyed powder, the new aluminium of Substitute For Partial, as principal element, can put forward heavy alloyed intensity and wear resistance, and uses aluminium scrap bits composition, reduces production cost.
In order to realize object of the present invention, the present invention is by following scheme implementation:
The cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that resistance to elevated temperatures is good, is made up of by mass percentage following each composition: silicon 7-8, aluminium scrap master alloyed powder 45-50, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker 0.4-0.5, magnesium 0.2-0.25, cobalt 0.5-0.55, zirconium 0.4-0.45, nickel 0.1-0.2, surplus are aluminium;
Described aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made up of the raw material of following weight part: aluminium scrap bits 60-65, manganese 15-18, copper 10-12, chromium 6-8, zirconium 7-9, Graphite Powder 99 2-3, sodium-chlor 1.5-2, cryolite powder 1-1.5; Preparation method is: aluminium scrap bits are first used permanent magnet sucking-off ferrous products wherein by (1), then screens out dust wherein and sand with iron mesh screen, then with the surperficial oil stain of sanitising agent removing, finally puts into oven for drying moisture stand-by; (2) aluminium scrap after surface treatment is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to 850 DEG C until all melt, copper, manganese is pressed into bell jar when being then cooled to 760 DEG C-770 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, continue adjusting furnace temperature to 740 DEG C-750 DEG C, press-in chromium, zirconium, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 20 minutes; (3) when furnace temperature reaches 730 DEG C, join in molten metal by Graphite Powder 99, sodium-chlor, cryolite powder, leave standstill after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 40 minutes; (4) after taking off removing dross, molten metal is poured in powder by gas-atomization equipment, be prepared into the powder of particle diameter below 100 μm and get final product.
The cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures of the present invention is good, is prepared from by following concrete steps:
(1) all the components except aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made fine powder separately for subsequent use, all instruments and mould are carried out and thermal treatment under 250 DEG C of conditions, for subsequent use;
(2) aluminium powder is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to aluminium powder and melt rear rapid temperature increases to 820 DEG C completely, then with bell jar silica flour be pressed into aluminium liquid at twice and stir gently, until reduce furnace temperature rapidly after all melting, 760 DEG C-780 DEG C time, be pressed into aluminium scrap master alloyed powder, insulation 40-60 minute, continue adjusting furnace temperature to 730 DEG C-740 DEG C, be pressed into all the other remaining components, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 30 minutes;
(3) the refining agent bell jar press-in molten metal intermediate altitude place of quality of molten metal 2-3% will be accounted for, slowly make circumference and become banking motion, molten metal is evenly rolled, action time is about 8-9 minute, after static 4 minutes, then carry out refining 6-8 minute by argon gas, leave standstill 20 minutes, skim again, sampling analysis after skimming;
(4) after aluminium alloy qualified for composition being left standstill 10-20 minute, aluminium alloy is poured in the mould of preheating, take out after cooling, (processing condition are: solution treatment is 500 DEG C to adopt T6 thermal treatment process, 5.5 hour, ageing treatment is 180 DEG C, 5 hours) heat-treat, finally obtain product of the present invention.
The preparation method of the cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures of the present invention is good, described refining agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Sodium Fluoride 13-16, SODIUMNITRATE 18-22, carbon dust 9-11, boron trioxide 9-10, potassium fluotitanate 15-18, sodium bicarbonate 10-13, hexafluoro sodium aluminate 2-4, sodium-chlor 8-10, light fire brick 6-8; Preparation method is: (1) is put into high-temperature electric resistance furnace after Sodium Fluoride, SODIUMNITRATE, sodium-chlor, potassium fluotitanate being mixed and melted, then cooled and solidified, then is broken into 200 order mixed powder A; (2) by jointly putting into pulverizer after light fire brick fragmentation with all the other remaining components except sodium bicarbonate, to be ground into 200 order mixed powder B stand-by; (3) mixed powder A is mixed with mixed powder B, after adding sodium bicarbonate, put into extruding granulator granulation; (4) by particle dry 120-150 minute in an oven, temperature controls at 230-240 DEG C, cools rear taking-up and get final product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts the element meltings such as aluminium scrap bits and manganese, copper, chromium to make aluminium scrap master alloyed powder, the new aluminium of Substitute For Partial is as principal element, heavy alloyed intensity and wear resistance can be put forward, and use aluminium scrap bits composition, reduce production cost; Add four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, coordinate all the other alloying constituents, intensity and the resistance to elevated temperatures of product can be improved; The present invention, when processing molten metal, adds the refining agent with porous material made of special process, is beneficial to formation negative pressure, can react by gas fully and in molten metal, thus reach degassed effect; Material in separable scraps simultaneously, and impurity in decompose slag.
Alloying constituent reasonable ratio of the present invention, by rational melting and thermal treatment process, heavy alloyed mechanical property can not only be put forward, especially mechanical behavior under high temperature, and the stability of strengthening phase can be improved, stop the precipitation of strengthening phase and grow up, crystal grain thinning, reduces the formation of crack of aluminium alloy, thus improves intensity and the toughness of aluminium alloy, improve aluminium alloy processing characteristics, be particularly suitable for manufacturing engine cylinder cover.
Embodiment
Below by specific examples, the present invention is described in detail.
The cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that resistance to elevated temperatures is good, is made up of by mass percentage following each composition: silicon 7, aluminium scrap master alloyed powder 45, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker 0.4, magnesium 0.2, cobalt 0.5, zirconium 0.4, nickel 0.1, surplus are aluminium;
Described aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made up of the raw material of following weight part (kilogram): aluminium scrap bits 60, manganese 15, copper 10, chromium 6, zirconium 7, Graphite Powder 99 2, sodium-chlor 1.5, cryolite powder 1; Preparation method is: aluminium scrap bits are first used permanent magnet sucking-off ferrous products wherein by (1), then screens out dust wherein and sand with iron mesh screen, then with the surperficial oil stain of sanitising agent removing, finally puts into oven for drying moisture stand-by; (2) aluminium scrap after surface treatment is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to 850 DEG C until all melt, copper, manganese is pressed into bell jar when being then cooled to 760 DEG C-770 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, continue adjusting furnace temperature to 740 DEG C-750 DEG C, press-in chromium, zirconium, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 20 minutes; (3) when furnace temperature reaches 730 DEG C, join in molten metal by Graphite Powder 99, sodium-chlor, cryolite powder, leave standstill after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 40 minutes; (4) after taking off removing dross, molten metal is poured in powder by gas-atomization equipment, be prepared into the powder of particle diameter below 100 μm and get final product.
The cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures of the present invention is good, is prepared from by following concrete steps:
(1) all the components except aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made fine powder separately for subsequent use, all instruments and mould are carried out and thermal treatment under 250 DEG C of conditions, for subsequent use;
(2) aluminium powder is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to aluminium powder and melt rear rapid temperature increases to 820 DEG C completely, then with bell jar silica flour be pressed into aluminium liquid at twice and stir gently, until reduce furnace temperature rapidly after all melting, 760 DEG C-780 DEG C time, be pressed into aluminium scrap master alloyed powder, be incubated 40 minutes, continuation adjusting furnace temperature to 730 DEG C-740 DEG C, be pressed into all the other remaining components, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 30 minutes;
(3) the refining agent bell jar press-in molten metal intermediate altitude place of quality of molten metal 3% will be accounted for, slowly make circumference and become banking motion, molten metal is evenly rolled, about 8 minutes action time, after static 4 minutes, then carry out refining 6 minutes by argon gas, leave standstill 20 minutes, skim again, sampling analysis after skimming;
(4) after aluminium alloy qualified for composition being left standstill 10 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured in the mould of preheating, take out after cooling, (processing condition are: solution treatment is 500 DEG C to adopt T6 thermal treatment process, 5.5 hour, ageing treatment is 180 DEG C, 5 hours) heat-treat, finally obtain product of the present invention.
The preparation method of the cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures of the present invention is good, described refining agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part (kilogram): Sodium Fluoride 13, SODIUMNITRATE 18, carbon dust 9, boron trioxide 9, potassium fluotitanate 15, sodium bicarbonate 10, hexafluoro sodium aluminate 2, sodium-chlor 8, light fire brick 6; Preparation method is: (1) is put into high-temperature electric resistance furnace after Sodium Fluoride, SODIUMNITRATE, sodium-chlor, potassium fluotitanate being mixed and melted, then cooled and solidified, then is broken into 200 order mixed powder A; (2) by jointly putting into pulverizer after light fire brick fragmentation with all the other remaining components except sodium bicarbonate, to be ground into 200 order mixed powder B stand-by; (3) mixed powder A is mixed with mixed powder B, after adding sodium bicarbonate, put into extruding granulator granulation; (4) by particle dry 120 minutes in an oven, temperature controls at 230-240 DEG C, taking-up and get final product after cooling.
Diameter is become by Product processing of the present invention to be the standard tensile specimen of 6mm, compare with ZL702A type aluminium alloy, the high-temperature behavior at room-temperature property and 250 DEG C is tested according to GB/T228-2002 " metallic substance tensile testing at ambient temperature " and GB/T4338-2006 " Metal Materials At High Temperature stretching test method ", high-temperature behavior tests 20 minutes, and result is as following table:
Claims (3)
1. the cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a resistance to elevated temperatures is good, it is characterized in that, be made up of by mass percentage following each composition: silicon 7-8, aluminium scrap master alloyed powder 45-50, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker 0.4-0.5, magnesium 0.2-0.25, cobalt 0.5-0.55, zirconium 0.4-0.45, nickel 0.1-0.2, surplus are aluminium;
Described aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made up of the raw material of following weight part: aluminium scrap bits 60-65, manganese 15-18, copper 10-12, chromium 6-8, zirconium 7-9, Graphite Powder 99 2-3, sodium-chlor 1.5-2, cryolite powder 1-1.5; Preparation method is: aluminium scrap bits are first used permanent magnet sucking-off ferrous products wherein by (1), then screens out dust wherein and sand with iron mesh screen, then with the surperficial oil stain of sanitising agent removing, finally puts into oven for drying moisture stand-by; (2) aluminium scrap after surface treatment is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to 850 DEG C until all melt, copper, manganese is pressed into bell jar when being then cooled to 760 DEG C-770 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, continue adjusting furnace temperature to 740 DEG C-750 DEG C, press-in chromium, zirconium, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 20 minutes; (3) when furnace temperature reaches 730 DEG C, join in molten metal by Graphite Powder 99, sodium-chlor, cryolite powder, leave standstill after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 40 minutes; (4) after taking off removing dross, molten metal is poured in powder by gas-atomization equipment, be prepared into the powder of particle diameter below 100 μm and get final product.
2. the cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures is good according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is prepared from by following concrete steps:
(1) all the components except aluminium scrap master alloyed powder is made fine powder separately for subsequent use, all instruments and mould are carried out and thermal treatment under 250 DEG C of conditions, for subsequent use;
(2) aluminium powder is added in crucible electrical resistance furnace, be warming up to aluminium powder and melt rear rapid temperature increases to 820 DEG C completely, then with bell jar silica flour be pressed into aluminium liquid at twice and stir gently, until reduce furnace temperature rapidly after all melting, 760 DEG C-780 DEG C time, be pressed into aluminium scrap master alloyed powder, insulation 40-60 minute, continue adjusting furnace temperature to 730 DEG C-740 DEG C, be pressed into all the other remaining components, after stirring, insulation leaves standstill 30 minutes;
(3) the refining agent bell jar press-in molten metal intermediate altitude place of quality of molten metal 2-3% will be accounted for, slowly make circumference and become banking motion, molten metal is evenly rolled, action time is about 8-9 minute, after static 4 minutes, then carry out refining 6-8 minute by argon gas, leave standstill 20 minutes, skim again, sampling analysis after skimming;
(4) after aluminium alloy qualified for composition being left standstill 10-20 minute, aluminium alloy is poured in the mould of preheating, take out after cooling, (processing condition are: solution treatment is 500 DEG C to adopt T6 thermal treatment process, 5.5 hour, ageing treatment is 180 DEG C, 5 hours) heat-treat, finally obtain product of the present invention.
3. the preparation method of the cylinder cap aluminum alloy materials that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures according to claim 2 is good, it is characterized in that, described refining agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Sodium Fluoride 13-16, SODIUMNITRATE 18-22, carbon dust 9-11, boron trioxide 9-10, potassium fluotitanate 15-18, sodium bicarbonate 10-13, hexafluoro sodium aluminate 2-4, sodium-chlor 8-10, light fire brick 6-8; Preparation method is: (1) is put into high-temperature electric resistance furnace after Sodium Fluoride, SODIUMNITRATE, sodium-chlor, potassium fluotitanate being mixed and melted, then cooled and solidified, then is broken into 200 order mixed powder A; (2) by jointly putting into pulverizer after light fire brick fragmentation with all the other remaining components except sodium bicarbonate, to be ground into 200 order mixed powder B stand-by; (3) mixed powder A is mixed with mixed powder B, after adding sodium bicarbonate, put into extruding granulator granulation; (4) by particle dry 120-150 minute in an oven, temperature controls at 230-240 DEG C, cools rear taking-up and get final product.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106048313A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 无锡康柏斯机械科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material used for hub and casting method |
| CN116640953A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Reutilization method of particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material waste |
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| CN103421991A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-12-04 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Composite metamorphic cast aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103205586A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-07-17 | 云南奥凯科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for efficiently regenerating cast aluminum alloy by aluminum scraps |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106048313A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 无锡康柏斯机械科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material used for hub and casting method |
| CN116640953A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Reutilization method of particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material waste |
| CN116640953B (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2024-05-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Reutilization method of particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material waste |
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