CN105018760A - Vacuum melting method for nickel base alloy - Google Patents
Vacuum melting method for nickel base alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018760A CN105018760A CN201510448156.0A CN201510448156A CN105018760A CN 105018760 A CN105018760 A CN 105018760A CN 201510448156 A CN201510448156 A CN 201510448156A CN 105018760 A CN105018760 A CN 105018760A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum melting method for nickel base alloy. The method comprises the steps that (1) a nickel base alloy raw material is fed into a vacuum melting chamber, and vacuum pumping is conducted on the vacuum melting chamber; (2) the vacuum melting chamber is heated, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum melting chamber is maintained ranging from 1.0 Pa to 2.0 Pa; (3) after the raw material in the vacuum melting chamber is completely molten, inert gas is injected to the vacuum melting chamber for refining, and the intensity of pressure of the vacuum melting chamber is maintained ranging from 5 Pa to 10 Pa; and (4) casting is conducted after refining is finished, a vacuum state is maintained for 5-10 min after casting, and the nickel base alloy is obtained through cooling and forming. The vacuum melting method has the advantages that the inert gas is injected to the vacuum melting chamber in the refining process, the vacuum condition is maintained after casting, and then cooling and forming are conducted, so that impure gas generated after the nickel base alloy raw material is heated conveniently floats and is exhausted out; the content of N in liquid of the nickel base alloy raw material is lowered to 20-40 ppm, the content of H is lowered to 0.5-1.5 ppm, and the purity of the alloy is guaranteed to the largest extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fabricating technology field of metal, particularly a kind of vacuum smelting method of nickel-base alloy.
Background technology
Nickel-base alloy refers to metallic nickel to be matrix element, add the alloy that other is elementary composition again, general nickel-base alloy comprises chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, aluminium, titanium, boron, zirconium etc., the preparation of nickel-base alloy adopts vacuum induction furnace smelting usually, N, H elemental gas can be produced in smelting process, and be dissolved in very difficult in nickel-base alloy removal, become the impurity in alloy, affect purity and the performance of alloy, cause alloy to be difficult to meet high-quality standard.
Summary of the invention
Be difficult to remove from nickelalloy for improving N, H elemental gas in prior art, alloy is caused not reach the technological deficiency of high quality standards, the invention discloses a kind of vacuum smelting method of nickel-base alloy, realize the object that nickel-base alloy obnoxious flavour is few, impurity is few adopting the method to obtain, thus make alloy meet high-quality standard.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, the vacuum smelting method of a kind of nickel-base alloy of the present invention's design, comprises the steps, nickel-base alloy raw material drops in vacuum melting room by (1), is vacuumized vacuum melting room; (2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room; (3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, pass into rare gas element and carry out refining in vacuum melting room, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa; (4) after refining terminates, cast, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.In refining period, add rare gas element, contributing to floats N, H gas produced after metallic solution heating discharges, thus the impurity removed when finally obtaining alloy, vacuum state is maintained after casting, foreign gas all discharged to greatest extent, the content of N in nickel-base alloy Liquid is down to 20-40ppm, and H content is down to 0.5-1.5ppm.
Further, after nickel-base alloy starting material solution starts to be heated in step (3), no longer produce when bubble is tending towards calmness and enter refining, now pass into rare gas element to vacuum melting room, the flow that rare gas element passes in vacuum melting room is 0.35-0.4min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, and the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 5-6: 4-5, and this stage maintains 5-10min.The selection of rare gas element and the ratio one of amount are the considerations for cost, there is the pressure 5-10Pa wanting can meet in vacuum melting room again, and the state of each dividing potential drop in gas, after nickel-base alloy starting material can being heated, just raw foreign gas is taken out of, from deviating from nickel-base alloy starting material, ensure the purity of alloy.
Further, after passing into rare gas element 5-10min in step (3), continue again to pass into rare gas element 3-5min, the flow that rare gas element passes into vacuum melting room is 0.2-0.3min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, and the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 7: 3, and this step of setting up is in order to when temperature progressively raises, may have more gas overflowing, foreign gas farthest can lead out and remove by the rare gas element passed into.
Further, refining temperature is maintained 1300-1500 DEG C in step (3), at this temperature, not only makes each starting material of nickel-base alloy better merge, but also impurity can be become gas and take out of through rare gas element and remove.
To sum up, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows, vacuum condition cooling and shaping is again kept pass into rare gas element, casting in step of the present invention when refining period after, contributing to floats the foreign gas gas produced after the heating of nickel-base alloy starting material discharges, the content of N in nickel-base alloy Liquid is down to 20-40ppm, H content is down to 0.5-1.5ppm, ensures the purity of alloy to greatest extent.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further description is made to the present invention.
Embodiment one: the vacuum smelting method that the invention discloses a kind of nickel-base alloy, nickel-base alloy refers to the class alloy having the over-all properties such as higher intensity and certain antioxidant anticorrosive ability under 650 ~ 1000 DEG C of high temperature, its starting material comprise the metallic elements such as chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, aluminium, titanium, boron, zirconium, copper, magnesium, in order to put forward heavy alloyed corrosion-and high-temp-resistant performance, also usually can add rare earth element, such as calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd) etc.
The inventive method is adopted to smelt Inconel718 alloy, method comprises the steps, (1) nickel-base alloy raw material is dropped in the vacuum melting room in smelting furnace, vacuum melting room is vacuumized: its raw material is the normally used starting material of nickel-base alloy in prior art;
(2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room: the temperature of heating, depending on raw-material composition, is generally 1000-1500 DEG C;
(3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, pass into rare gas element and carry out refining in vacuum melting room, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa;
(4) after refining terminates, cast, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.
Sampling analysis on obtained alloy, N content is 20ppm, and H content is 1ppm, through the obtained nickel-base alloy General N content of existing vacuum smelting method at about 70ppm, H content, at about 2ppm, adopts the inventive method impurity can be removed to greatest extent as can be seen here, puies forward heavy alloyed purity.
Embodiment two: adopt the inventive method to smelt In617 alloy, method comprises the steps, (1) nickel-base alloy raw material is dropped in the vacuum melting room in smelting furnace, vacuum melting room is vacuumized: its raw material is the normally used starting material of nickel-base alloy in prior art;
(2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room: the temperature of heating, depending on raw-material composition, is generally 1000-1500 DEG C;
(3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, in vacuum melting room, pass into rare gas element carry out refining, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa: after base alloy raw material solution starts to be heated, no longer produce when bubble is tending towards calmness and enter refining, now pass into rare gas element to vacuum melting room, the flow that rare gas element passes in vacuum melting room is 0.35min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 5:5, this stage maintains 5-10min, adds Al, Ti carry out alloying in refining period;
(4) after refining terminates, cast, can add the rare earth element in starting material when casting, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.
In step (3) when selecting quality proportion relation, flow in rare gas element, one is the consideration for Financial cost, there is the pressure that will ensure vacuum melting room exactly again, make between rare gas element and foreign gas, there is rational dividing potential drop, foreign gas can be taken out of by rare gas element, remove from nickel-base alloy starting material, below composition rare gas element argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, and inert gas flow and finally obtain the test of alloy purity cognation, in order to illustrate that the present invention selects the chosen process of argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, inert gas flow:
From above table, through the obtained nickel-base alloy General N content of existing vacuum smelting method at about 70ppm, H content, at about 2ppm, adopts the inventive method impurity can be removed to greatest extent as can be seen here, puies forward heavy alloyed purity.
Embodiment three: adopt the inventive method to smelt In617 alloy, method comprises the steps, (1) nickel-base alloy raw material is dropped in the vacuum melting room in smelting furnace, vacuum melting room is vacuumized: its raw material is the normally used starting material of nickel-base alloy in prior art;
(2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room: the temperature of heating, depending on raw-material composition, is generally 1000-1500 DEG C;
(3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, in vacuum melting room, pass into rare gas element carry out refining, refining temperature is maintained 1300-1500 DEG C, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa: after base alloy raw material solution starts to be heated, no longer produce when bubble is tending towards calmness and enter refining, now pass into rare gas element to vacuum melting room, the flow that rare gas element passes in vacuum melting room is 0.4min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 6: 4, this stage maintains 5-10min, Al is added in refining period, Ti carries out alloying,
In order to ensure the purity of alloy further, can also after passing into rare gas element 5-10min, then continue to pass into rare gas element 3-5min, the flow that rare gas element passes into vacuum melting room is 0.2min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, and the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 7: 3;
(4) after refining terminates, cast, can add the rare earth element in starting material when casting, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.
In step (3) when selecting quality proportion relation, flow in rare gas element, one is the consideration for Financial cost, there is the pressure that will ensure vacuum melting room exactly again, make between rare gas element and foreign gas, there is rational dividing potential drop, foreign gas can be taken out of by rare gas element, remove from nickel-base alloy starting material, below composition rare gas element argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, and inert gas flow and finally obtain the test of alloy purity cognation, in order to illustrate that the present invention selects the chosen process of argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, inert gas flow:
From above table, through the obtained nickel-base alloy General N content of existing vacuum smelting method at about 70ppm, H content, at about 2ppm, adopts the inventive method impurity can be removed to greatest extent as can be seen here, puies forward heavy alloyed purity.
Embodiment four: adopt the inventive method to smelt In617 alloy, method comprises the steps, (1) nickel-base alloy raw material is dropped in the vacuum melting room in smelting furnace, vacuum melting room is vacuumized: its raw material is the normally used starting material of nickel-base alloy in prior art;
(2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room: the temperature of heating, depending on raw-material composition, is generally 1000-1500 DEG C;
(3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, in vacuum melting room, pass into rare gas element carry out refining, refining temperature is maintained 1300-1500 DEG C, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa: after base alloy raw material solution starts to be heated, no longer produce when bubble is tending towards calmness and enter refining, now pass into rare gas element to vacuum melting room, the flow that rare gas element passes in vacuum melting room is 0.38min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 6: 4, this stage maintains 5-10min, Al is added in refining period, Ti carries out alloying,
In order to ensure the purity of alloy further, can also after passing into rare gas element 5-10min, then continue to pass into rare gas element 3-5min, the flow that rare gas element passes into vacuum melting room is 0.3min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, and the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 7: 3;
(4) after refining terminates, cast, can add the rare earth element in starting material when casting, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.
In step (3) when selecting quality proportion relation, flow in rare gas element, one is the consideration for Financial cost, there is the pressure that will ensure vacuum melting room exactly again, make between rare gas element and foreign gas, there is rational dividing potential drop, foreign gas can be taken out of by rare gas element, remove from nickel-base alloy starting material, below composition rare gas element argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, and inert gas flow and finally obtain the test of alloy purity cognation, in order to illustrate that the present invention selects the chosen process of argon gas and helium gas flow ratio, inert gas flow:
From above table, through the obtained nickel-base alloy General N content of existing vacuum smelting method at about 70ppm, H content, at about 2ppm, adopts the inventive method impurity can be removed to greatest extent as can be seen here, puies forward heavy alloyed purity.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all do in flesh and blood of the present invention any amendment, equivalent to replace and simple modifications etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a vacuum smelting method for nickel-base alloy, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps, nickel-base alloy raw material drops in vacuum melting room by (1), is vacuumized vacuum melting room;
(2) vacuum melting room is heated, make the nickel-base alloy melting sources in vacuum melting room, maintain vacuum tightness 1.0-2.0Pa in vacuum melting room;
(3) after the raw material in vacuum melting room melts completely, pass into rare gas element and carry out refining in vacuum melting room, the pressure maintained in vacuum melting room is 5-10Pa;
(4) after refining terminates, cast, maintain 5-10min under vacuum conditions after casting, cooling and shaping obtains alloy.
2. the vacuum smelting method of nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after nickel-base alloy starting material solution starts to be heated in step (3), no longer produce when bubble is tending towards calmness and enter refining, now pass into rare gas element to vacuum melting room, the flow that rare gas element passes in vacuum melting room is 0.35-0.4min/L, and rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 5-6: 4-5, and this stage maintains 5-10min.
3. the vacuum smelting method of nickel-base alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, after passing into rare gas element 5-10min in step (3), continue again to pass into rare gas element 3-5min, the flow that rare gas element passes into vacuum melting room is 0.2-0.3min/L, rare gas element comprises argon gas and helium, and the throughput ratio of argon gas and helium is 7: 3.
4. the vacuum smelting method of nickel-base alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), refining temperature is maintained 1300-1500 DEG C.
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| CN201510448156.0A CN105018760A (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | Vacuum melting method for nickel base alloy |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113025837A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 丹阳市海威电热合金有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant nickel-chromium alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113025841A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 丹阳市海威电热合金有限公司 | Vacuum smelting method of copper-nickel alloy |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPS51125607A (en) * | 1974-11-28 | 1976-11-02 | Yasuichiro Moriyama | A new process for produciing alloys |
| CN102146528A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-08-10 | 安徽应流铸业有限公司 | Method for melting nickel-copper alloy in intermediate frequency furnace |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113025837A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 丹阳市海威电热合金有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant nickel-chromium alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113025841A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 丹阳市海威电热合金有限公司 | Vacuum smelting method of copper-nickel alloy |
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