CN105018151A

CN105018151A - Rotary ploughs for gasifiers

Info

Publication number: CN105018151A
Application number: CN201510035797.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雅各布斯·安德烈亚斯·斯塔德勒; 安德烈·弗雷德里克·科克默尔; 玛呐斯·特尔蒂乌斯·贝乌克曼; 恩科西那蒂·哈德贝; 丹尼尔·弗朗西斯; 加文·肖恩·迪斯; 约翰尼斯·马蒂纳斯·德托伊特
Original assignee: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2014-04-16
Filing date: 2015-01-23
Publication date: 2015-11-04
Also published as: US20150300639A1; CN204417432U; NZ630809A; ZA201406963B; IN2015DE00001A; AU2014206146A1

Abstract

A solids handling equipment rotary plough includes a metal body defining a pair of opposed spaced non-parallel elongate faces extending between a bottom and a top and from a first end to a second end of each opposed elongate face, the first end and the second end being spaced further from each other than the top and the bottom are spaced from each other providing each opposed elongate face with a length greater than a height. The opposed elongate faces are on opposite sides and face away from a first imaginary vertical plane, the first end of each elongate face is on a common side of a second imaginary vertical plane which is perpendicular to the first imaginary vertical plane and which is thus located between the first end and the second end of each elongate face. The opposed spaced non-parallel elongate faces are joined by a connector defining mounting means to mount the rotary plough to a rotatable grate component, and the mounting means is located between the opposed non-parallel elongate faces.

Description

Vapourizing furnace one-way plough

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vapourizing furnace one-way plough.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of solids disposal facilities one-way plough, relating to a kind of solids disposal facilities one-way plough part or parts, relating to a kind of rotatable grate component of vapourizing furnace of the gasification of carbonaceous materials for making generation ash, and relate to a kind of for making the vapourizing furnace of gasification of carbonaceous materials.

Background technology

For such as fBDB ^tMsome vapourizing furnaces of vapourizing furnace and so on, loading or unloading particulate matter, such as granular carbonaceous material (such as coal) and ash are necessary intermittently or continuously.Therefore, such as, at the vapourizing furnace pressurizeed (such as, fixed-bed type dry bottom gasification stove) when, the feed of the granular carbon containing of such as coal is loaded onto in the vaporizer of the pressurization of vapourizing furnace, to form bed (when fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace), and gasifies at an elevated temperature and pressure, and after gasification, any remaining material do not gasified removes via rotatable grate component and enclosed type ash bucket as ash from vapourizing furnace.

Rotatable grate component has two main mechanical functions.First, rotatable grate component is used for taking out ash from the bottom of vaporizer, but also for crushing and removing any grey agglomerate (slag) that may be formed in gasification.Rotatable grate component is usually also for being assigned to vaporized chemical (being generally the mixture of steam and oxygen) in the bed of carbonaceous material.

Usually, conventional rotatable grate component comprises multiple parts, these parts are mainly: the rotatable grate parts of the conical shaped on top, the rotatable supporting structure of bottom and be connected to the gear ring at lower periphery place of rotatable supporting structure, the rotatable supporting structure of its middle and lower part is connected on the rotatable grate parts on top rigidly at the upper peripheral edge place of rotatable supporting structure, and rotatable grate parts are rotated together with common axis of rotation line with rotatable supporting structure.Be provided with the stationary support of bottom, rotatable parts carry is in this stationary support.In use, when driven nature be connected to gear ring on the rotatable supporting structure of bottom drive via the motor making the rotatable parts of rotatable grate component rotate and gear case assembly time, rotatable grate component rotates.

When rotatable grate component rotates, the one or more circumferential isolated ploughs being symmetrically connected to the periphery of top rotatable grate parts rigidly remove ash for the bottom from vapourizing furnace.Ash comprises dry cinder and slag, and dry cinder and slag are the byproducts of gasification.Slag is the solid agglomerate of the particle of the ash of fusing.Slag needs crushed, effectively to remove from vapourizing furnace.Ash is wiped off by ash discharge passage, between the rotatable grate parts in the top that this ash discharge passage is limited to rotatable grate component and the wall of vapourizing furnace by plough continuously.When rotatable grate component rotates, slag is crushed between the backplate be arranged on the rotatable grate parts of top and the abrasive brick be arranged on the wall of vapourizing furnace.Ash and slag drop to the enclosed type ash bucket with ash discharge channel connection from ash discharge passage under gravity, thus leave vapourizing furnace.

Operation and the ash of fixed-bed gasification furnace are well known in the art from removing of fixed-bed gasification furnace, and are described in detail in WO2006/061738.

The present inventor had experienced the design with two existing ploughs.First is traditional " short straight plough ", and second is at present in South Africa fBDB ^tMbusiness use is carried out in vapourizing furnace banana Type is ploughed ^tM( banana Plough ^tM). banana Plough ^tMuse more than 40 years in business uses, and be therefore well-known for the technician in vapourizing furnace field.Short straight plough with banana Type is ploughed ^tMmain difference be, short straight plough has smooth front guide face and to after-tow face, and Sasol Banana Type plough ^tMhave bending front guide face and face (leading and trailing faces) of after-towing, wherein, guide face and the face of after-towing are bending along identical direction, similar with banana to a certain extent.Therefore hereafter mentioned banana Type is ploughed ^tMrefer to the plough having bending front guide face and after-tow face, wherein, guide face and the face of after-towing are bending along identical direction, similar with banana to a certain extent.

Short straight plough and Sasol@Banana Type plough ^tMbe installed on the rotatable grate parts in top of rotatable grate component, with sense of rotation at angle, make plough front guide face work to be wiped off by ash particle from the grey bed in vaporizer and make ash particle radially inwardly enter into the grey chamber of the below being arranged in rotatable grate component via center ash discharge passage or annular space.Usually, Duo Geli, such as four ploughs are arranged on rotatable grate component symmetrically.Therefore, rotatable grate component rotate forward period, the front guide face of each plough is by the ash disposal crush slag granules from vapourizing furnace of scraping and cutting movement, and it causes ash particle to follow radially inner path and to go forward side by side ash charge chamber from the wall arrival center ash discharge annular space of vapourizing furnace.

In the operation of short straight plough, observe the serious corrosion on the plough of rotatable grate component and miscellaneous part.Which results in the improvement that the building material of rotatable grate component is made, such as by introduce customization hardened surface with mitigate corrosion, and by introduce plough and be exposed to ash particle other wearing faces geometrical shape in multiple change improve.These changes etc. result in banana Type is ploughed ^tMdevelopment.

The present inventor is recognizing utilization subsequently banana Type is ploughed ^tMthe mode of ash disposal causes some parts of rotatable grate component, ploughs and be exposed to the corrosion of grey gasification furnace wall.Discrete elements modeling has unexpectedly indicated on it and has been provided with banana Type is ploughed ^tMrotatable grate component rotate forward cause the plough below before guide face force ash particle to accumulate in after-towing on face of plough above.Therefore, compressed between guide face before the face of after-towing of the plough of ash particle above, gasification furnace wall and plough below.Which results in ash particle gathering and compressing between two ploughs, which results in the outside power on gasification furnace wall.The ash particle be wedged between plough with gasification furnace wall cause on furnace wall of gasify with the corrosion pattern on the parts of grate component.

In order to attempt the ash particle discharging wedging, grate can temporarily according to reverse mode operation.But this operation causes the high torque (HT) load in drive system, it can finally cause mechanical means to lose efficacy.In addition, in reverse operating period, corrosion increases to some extent, and grey extraction yield also greatly reduces.Corrode the loss of maintenance cost, equipment downtime and the output that result in increase.These are the main operation poor efficiencys caused by the plough of prior art ash disposal scarce capacity in the forward and reverse operating mode of rotatable grate component.

DD 267780 describes a kind of for crushing and discharge the ash that is mixed with slag and for crushing clinker to guarantee the solution of the continuous discharge of pressurized coal gasification stove.Use a kind of composition element for discharging ash and slag.This element comprises main scraper plate, middle grinding mill or jaw crusher and secondary scraper plate.Scraper plate-grinding mill-scraper component is mounted to the periphery rotating grate.Main scraper plate and secondary scraper plate are relative to the angled installation of rotation grate.Main scraper plate is shown as wedge-type shape in plan view, narrows away from rotation.

DD 267550 describes a kind of for pressurized coal gasification stove slag crusher.Described slag crusher is for crushing and going out the compact clinker of solid from fixed bed pressure gasification fire grate.DD 267550 aims to provide a kind of device, its when do not cause block and work as ash stream really occur time prevent from crushing and discharging larger clinker when the uncontrolled outflow of ash from vapourizing furnace.A kind of ash with two different components is used to crush assembly.Fixing crushing element is fixed to the housing of pressurized-gasification furnace, and lime-ash remover is fixed to rotation grate and can rotates around the central axis of pressurized-gasification furnace.The fixing element that crushes is formed by least one conical surface tilted towards rotation.The radius on this surface constantly reduces until become inconsistent point in a rotational direction.Inconsistent point is formed as the side-play amount with the radius increased suddenly.Lime-ash remover is be mounted to vertically-oriented metal sheet from the quill shaft of the shell of contiguous producer in radial directions.Lime-ash remover bends along its longitudinal axis, that is, it bends in plan view.

US 3,516,078 relates to refuse incineration and relates to a kind of cremation facilities, and wherein rubbish is disappeared by burning on fixing grate while stirring and ruins and transported along described grate by a series of transmission plough.Combustion chamber generally comprises the perforation stationary grizzly being positioned at combustion chamber.A pair groove is arranged in each groove along the extending longitudinally and annular driving chain of grid.The length of ploughing along each driving chain is arranged on the mid point of the length of each driving chain.In use, chain passes through around the rotation of the horizontal orientation at the center through sprocket wheel in each end of grid.Each plough is V-arrangement shape backward, has from the linear broom portion downwards and backward of the equilibrium of top, center to the outer end of its alar part.The trailing edge of each plough is substantially vertical and in use, this plough rounded ends describes elongate rectangular path.

GB 909931 discloses for keeping up through the scraper plate of the general shape at the top of the bed of the solid of distillation zone.This scraper plate comprises the axis of centres be connected with levelling bench.The floating rule tilted is connected to platform and radial and stretch out from platform downwards.Floating rule is from the horizontal by certain angle.Horizontal floating rule stretches out from Axial and radial with crossing with scraping article.Floating rule is not wedge-type shape in plan view and floating rule and coplanar face are in same perpendicular.

WO 2006/061738 describes parts and the operation of fixed-bed type coal gasifier.WO2006/061738 discloses banana Type is ploughed ^tMuse in fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace and reverse operating mode thereof.Technology the form of Banana Type plough is attached on rotatable grate parts, makes banana Type is ploughed ^tMpass through on the surface in ash collection with limited gap.By the rotation of rotatable grate parts, ash is extracted out by the bottom continuously from gasification zone, and banana Type is ploughed ^tMcontinuously ash is discharged via ash discharge passage.WO 2006/061738 discloses banana Type is ploughed ^tMposition and use, but do not address banana Type is ploughed ^tMfunctional design.And, WO 2006/061738 also open with banana Type is ploughed ^tMany operational issue be associated or the method for dealing with problems.

WO 1999/10094 focuses on the grate parts of fixed-bed type coal gasifier especially and discloses the information of the operation about grey extraction assembly.WO 1999/10094 also discloses the Sasol Banana Type plough operated under reverse mode ^tMuse, but still open any information about its working method.

US 4,014,664 describes parts for the rotation grate component of fixed-bed type coal gasifier and operation, and this assembly seems similar with the grate component described in WO 2006/061738 and WO 1999/10094.US 4,014,664 discloses on periphery that scraper is arranged on grate parts and scraper can operate under reverse mode.

GB 389251 describes the improvement of the ash exhauster in Kerpe1y producer gas generator (Kerpe1y producer gas generator is generally used for the coke oven of bottom-heated).GB389251 discloses scraper and is positioned at the periphery of grate parts and is set to radius angled, makes the rotation of scraper ash be swept the center to grate parts and sweep in ash discharge hopper.

US 5,230,716 describe for fixed-bed type coal gasifier can the parts of reverse rotation grate component and operation, US 5,230,716 to disclose on upper surface that shovel portion (plough) is positioned at taper grate parts and adjacent top end.In addition, each shovel portion orientates as with the radius of vaporizer angled, and from the central section of the gasification zone vaporizer towards the periphery district of grate parts, ash is discharged to ash discharge passage.The location in shovel portion and operation are therefore with the technology described above banana Type is ploughed ^tMform different.

US 5,138,957 describes the biomass gasification system from bottom feed, and it does not make gas re-circulation pass through fixed bed.Gas is imported into secondary heating chamber, to remain on the service temperature of the expectation in elementary heating chamber.US 5,138,957 discloses dust removing system and has four isolated oar portions symmetrically, and these oar portions are arranged on the periphery of the rotating band be rotated in a clockwise direction.Oar portion comprises seemingly vertical " roughly radial antetheca ".Ash is swept to forward in the ash discharge passage between chamber wall and dust removing system by surface, oar portion (radial antetheca).When forming slag, crushed between its rear wall in oar portion and wall of reaction chamber.At US 5,138, do not mention the corrosion being temporary in ash between plough or oar portion or chamber wall in 957.

JP 2011083773 describes the process of the ash removing of the fusing produced in biomass gasification process.Revolving scraper crosses the horizontal plane of the bottom surface of reaction chamber." scrape finger " and be connected to the end of revolving scraper.Slag is guided forward by " scraping finger ", and after the single of revolving scraper rotates, slag is discharged via the exhaust outlet between the wall and revolving scraper of reaction chamber.The design of " scraping finger " is not disclosed, but, show that it is the rectangle with vertical plane by the vertical view of " scraping finger ".

GB 548082 describes for the plough of the rotation in rotatable carbide feed generator is kept fixing mechanism.In normal running, plough and rotate together with producer gas generator with ash-pan, and do not discharge ash.When this mechanism is engaged and plough keeps fixing, ash will remove from producer.Ash plough itself is not illustrated, and its design or concrete function are not also described.

CN 2518061 describes and extract block lime from vertical limestone kiln.Extraction element is rotatable and reversible, and has six scrapers of locating symmetrically around its circumference.It is " trilateral " that CN2518061 discloses scraper, and in " ash is inwardly scraped ash releasing tube ".Need reverse operating mode with " destroying smelting furnace state ".

CA 2188736 describes fixed-bed type biomass gasification system, and the primary barrel of this system has the platform of the rising of the bed for holding biological matter.Waste material removal system comprises arrange symmetrically four ploughs on the periphery of the ring element be positioned on universal stage, and this system removes dedust and waste material from chamber, accumulates in the passage crossing over chamber wall to make it.Ash and waste material are pulled to the waste material aperture of the bottom surface being arranged in chamber subsequently.Two in described plough are formed with the scraper component extended internally towards the top of platform, so that ash is scraped waste material aperture from annular region.Scraper component also crushes the slag be formed on edge of table.See from the vertical view of waste disposal system, plough is fin-shaped and scraper component is rectangle.But CA 2188736 does not provide the description to the design of plough or any reality of shape.CA 2188736 does not address the reverse operability of waste disposal system yet.

GB 141056 relates to the improvement to the rotation grate used in producer gas generator.Disclosed grey grate is because of taper and is attached to the end face of grate, and grey grate is radial projection, and wherein the front guide face of projection raises backward from guide margin edge.The front surface of projection is convex, when grate rotates, can rise on grate by flammable material and ash, to prevent clinkering.Ash does not remove from grey bed by these projections.The taper shape of grate also causes ash towards the flank movement being provided with annular space, and wherein fixed doctor blade attachment is to the inner side of the wall of container of producer gas generator, for ash disposal.Grey grate projection in GB 141056 is used for being crushed by slag in the earthwork of grate and mixing.GB141056 does not address the functional design of scraper itself.When towards periphery ash disposal in GB 141056, do not have to arrange and allow the surface of ash radially inwardly movement.

EP 0159420 describes the solid-fuelled gasification in fixed bed system.In state's fortune bed gasification furnace, there are two groups of different scrapers for extracting ash.The radial wall extended continues downwards and extends inward into the chamber be arranged in above grate parts, to be formed " upper doctor component ".These scrapers are fixed on the wall of chamber.In addition, there is the one group of scraper being referred to as " reciprocally the scraper of vertical motion " be attached at below grate parts.Can see from the longitudinal section of gasification system, each " reciprocally the scraper of vertical motion " crosses over left side bottom surface and the right side bottom surface of grate, and extends to top and the middle part of grate.The swing rotary motion of grate parts and " reciprocally the scraper of vertical motion " is controlled as the inscribed angle " reciprocally the scraper of vertical motion " being slightly greater than or less than 30 ° and is swept in ash releasing tube by the periphery of ash from grate parts.The design aspect of scraper is not disclosed in EP 0159420.

WO 2013/110981 discloses following one plough: it at least improves the problem be associated with the plough of prior art, and preferably can at the forward of rotatable grate component and oppositely---namely, clockwise and counterclockwise---can both ash disposal effectively under operator scheme.

One-way plough due to WO 2013/110981 is improvements over the prior art, expects to utilize the distortion of improvement to replace the one-way plough of current rotatable fire-grate assemblies (such as in many cases banana Type).But, renovation is carried out to different one-way ploughs and improves so that being applicable to existing rotatable fire-grate assemblies is not be easy to like that, if particularly wish that the situation that the rotatable grate component in top be mounted to one-way plough is not modified is all the more so.Therefore need following a kind of one-way plough: this one-way plough demonstrates the advantage of the one-way plough of WO 2013/110981, but preferably can be mounted to the rotatable grate component in top of rotatable fire-grate assemblies when not revising the rotatable grate component in top or at least significantly not revising easily.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of solids disposal facilities one-way plough, this one-way plough comprises:

Metallic object, metallic object has bottom and top, and metallic object limits non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair opposedly, non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair extends and extends to the second end from the first end of each opposed elongated opposedly between bottom with top, the situation spaced with top and bottom is compared, first end and the second end are farther spaced apart relation to each other, thus be greater than length highly for each opposed elongated face provides, opposed elongated face to be positioned on opposite side and with the first imaginary perpendicular back to, each elongated mask in described opposed elongated has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, wherein top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is inclined upwardly towards described first imaginary perpendicular towards the first imaginary perpendicular is angled with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, wherein the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate is in a horizontal plane to become the angle of at least 2 ° angled relative to the vertical major surfaces of another lower elongate of elongated in opposed elongated, make compared with the situation close to each other with the second end of opposed elongated, first end in opposed elongated each other closer to, thus cause opposed elongated separating from first end towards the direction of the second end, the first end of each elongated is positioned on the common side of the second imaginary vertical plane, second imaginary perpendicular is perpendicular to the first imaginary perpendicular and thus between the first end of each elongated and the second end, non-parallel elongated that separates is connected with junctor one-way plough being mounted to rotatable grate parts by limiting erecting device opposedly, described erecting device is between described opposed non-parallel elongated.

" major surfaces " in face means two of face maximum surfaces, other therefore not larger than these two major surfacess on the whole surfaces.Each major surfaces is normally smooth.

In this manual, the all relevant direction of the element of one-way plough or metallic object and orientation be intended to when one-way plough or metallic object to be located so that bottom it below its top and lower main face remains perpendicular determined, this be the work point of one-way plough when normal use.

First imaginary perpendicular can be positioned at the centre of opposed elongated.

Metallic object can comprise or can be the form of at least two separable components or parts, first component or parts limit one of them elongated of non-parallel elongated, another elongated during second component or parts limit non-parallel elongated, and each limiting connector in the first component or parts and the second component or parts is at least partially.

Junctor can be the form of web.

One-way plough can comprise connected unit the first component of metallic object and the second component to be linked together.Connected unit can be configured to the first component and the second component temporarily to link make can be separated the first and second components if desired.

In an embodiment of the invention, connected unit comprises fastening piece and by the link aperture in each limiting connector portion of the first component and the second component, the first component and the second component are configured so that linking aperture can align with the described fastening piece extending through this link aperture.

Fastening piece and/or link aperture can be configured to enable fastening piece from top towards bottom---namely, along in downward direction---be inserted in the link aperture of alignment.

Fastening piece can be the form of pin.In use, pin, the head particularly sold, can be soldered to metallic object by tack welding.In order to remove pin, such as, remove welding simply by being ground by weld seam.

The junctor portion of the one in the first component or parts and the second component or parts can limit joint seat to receive and seat puts the linking part in the junctor portion of the another one in the second component or parts and the first component or parts.Usually, link aperture to lay respectively in described joint seat with in described linking part.

Joint seat and linking part can be configured so that the first component or parts and the second component or parts lock together by joint seat and linking part, thus prevent the first component or parts and the relative rotation of taking up firmware between the second component or parts.

If desired, the first component and the second component all can have linking part, and this linking part defines joint seat and puts the linking part in the junctor portion of the another one in the second component and the first component to receive also seat.Therefore the joint seat in junctor portion and linking part can be limited or be the same section in described junctor portion by the same section in described junctor portion.

Erecting device can comprise or at least one installs the form in aperture, described at least one junctor between top and bottom that the usual in the vertical direction in aperture extends through metallic object is installed.Preferably, erecting device comprises or is the form at least two installation apertures separated---such as three installation apertures separated---.

In an embodiment of the invention, the one in the first component and the second component comprises or two of limiting in described installation aperture install apertures and another one in described second component and the first component limits single installation aperture.

Aperture is installed can locate and separate on the circular arc of the single section falling within imaginary circle.In other words, circular arc is shared to installation aperture.In one embodiment, described imaginary circle can have between about 2000mm to about 4000mm, preferably between about 2600mm to about 3400mm, most preferably between about 2800mm to about 3200mm, and the such as diameter of about 3060mm.In another embodiment, described imaginary circle can have about 4000mm to about 5000mm, the diameter preferably between about 4200mm to about 4800mm.It should be understood that advantageously, when the imaginary circle of this diameter, one-way plough can easily be installed near the periphery of rotatable grate parts or the turning unit with similar diameter of rotatable grate component.

Described second imaginary perpendicular can between erecting device on one side thereof and connected unit on its other side.

The first end of elongated and erecting device can be positioned on the same side of described second imaginary perpendicular.

Junctor can limit at least one mount pad and put a part for the rotatable grate parts that this one-way plough is mounted to receive also seat.

Mount pad can be limited in the upper surface of junctor or on upper surface.Therefore the upper surface of junctor can be uneven, is limited with groove or depressed part or elevated regions.Therefore mount pad can be the form of groove in junctor or depressed part.

When metallic object comprises or is the form of two separable components, the first component and the second component all can comprise or limit mount pad to receive and seat puts the parts of one-way plough rotatable grate parts extremely to be installed.

Aperture is installed and can be arranged in described mount pad.

Junctor can make described wall in use against being received by described mount pad and the seat described part of rotatable grate parts of putting along the confining wall at least partially of the periphery of at least one mount pad in mount pad.Wall can be positioned on the top of metallic object.Wall can be formed by the depression in junctor or groove.Replace ground or in addition, wall can be formed by the elevated regions of junctor.

Junctor can limit the jut towards the described first end projection of elongated.In use, therefore described jut can be received in groove in the periphery of the rotatable grate that one-way plough is mounted to or recess or sawtooth (serration) or raggle (gouge) etc.

Jut can be limited by described wall.

Junctor can not be present between an opposed elongated face portion elongated face portion opposed with another.

In an embodiment of the invention, junctor is not present in opposed elongated comprising or limits between the opposite end of described first end of opposed elongated.Therefore space can be limited between described opposed end.

The periphery in space---in other words, the periphery of the junctor extended between opposed elongated---the structure of the complementary protrusions of receiving one-way plough rotatable grate parts extremely to be installed can be defined in use.This structure and jut can be V-arrangement shapes.

The bottom of junctor can limit recessed carrier base to receive and the part that seat puts plow support frame makes a part for junctor in use be clipped between rotatable grate parts that plow support frame and plow support frame be mounted to.---namely, along the periphery of the junctor of extension between opposed elongated---recessed carrier base can be defined along the described periphery in described space at least partially.

In an embodiment of the invention, each in described first component of metallic object and described second component limits a part for described recessed carrier base, and described part is spaced.The described part of carrier base can be alignd or conform to and can be located at the below of the mount pad on the top of junctor.

Metallic object can be hardened steel.Alternatively, metallic object can be cast steel, such as, and the heat-resisting fe-cr-ni alloy of the special ASTM A297 HF level improved.Therefore metallic object can comprise foundry goods.

At least, the major surfaces of opposed elongated can be coated with such as the special superpressed material of such as PRO 100 (trade(brand)name) or Lincor60 (trade(brand)name) surface hardening and so on.Preferably, the top of junctor and the part of bottom also plate hardened material.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and lower main face can share shared periphery between the two or edge.In other words, the upper major surface of opposed elongated and lower main face can be adjacent one another are and border on.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can be linear and can towards bottom to downward-extension on the direction away from described first end.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can be angled angled with the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate relative to the another one in opposed elongated in a horizontal plane, and this angle and lower main face are consistent with the lower elongate vertical major surfaces angulation relative to the another one in opposed elongated in a horizontal plane.In other words, the shared periphery of upper major surface and lower main face or edge and lower main face can be in shared perpendicular.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can limit the upper peripheral edge of the lower main face of opposed elongated at least partially.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can limit the lower periphery of the upper major surface of opposed elongated at least partially.

The upper major surface of opposed elongated and the angle of vertical direction can in the scopes between from about 1 ° to about 35 °, such as about 15 °.

The lower main face of opposed elongated the angle between horizontal plane can in the scope between from about 2 ° to about 36 °, such as about 12 °.

Opposed elongated of the body of one-way plough can be mirror image each other.First imaginary perpendicular can for minute surface or make opposed elongated symmetrical plane make opposed elongated around described first imaginary perpendicular reflection, but be not parallel to described first imaginary perpendicular.

Each opposed elongated can be limited by the plough portion of metallic object.Plough portion can be roughly wedge-type shape in plan view, thickening gradually towards the second end from the first end of opposed elongated limited by plough portion.

With plough portion comprise or limit opposed elongated described first end end compared with, the end of described the second end comprising or limit opposed elongated in plough portion can have the height of increase, that is, the distance between the bottom of increase and top.

If desired, the bottom in plough portion or bottom peripheral edge can move down from the first end of opposed elongated towards the direction of the second end.

Plough portion can sentence at the second end the circular fingers be bent upwards from the bottom in plough portion to top and terminate.

Compared with the described end of the described the second end of opposed elongated of the restriction in plough portion, opposed elongated of the restriction in plough portion described first end end between the part of junctor that extends can have height or the vertical thickness of reduction.Therefore the part of the junctor extended between the described end of the described the second end of opposed elongated of the restriction in plough portion can limit downstairs or step.

The joint seat in junctor portion and linking part can form a part for downstairs or step.

The present invention extends to a kind of solids disposal facilities one-way plough component or parts, and this one-way plough portion or component comprise:

Metallic object, metallic object has bottom and top, and metallic object is limited with non-parallel elongated, and non-parallel elongated extends and extend to the second end from the first end of elongated between bottom and top; And

Junctor, junctor away from described elongated extend with by plough component connects and be linked to have equally elongated another plough component or parts with setting there is the one-way plough of opposed elongated away form one another,

The situation spaced with top and bottom is compared, the first end of described elongated and the second end spaced farther, thus be greater than length highly for elongated face provides, elongated mask has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is angled towards junctor with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, therefore, angle between the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate and top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is greater than 180 °

Junctor becomes approximate right angle with the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, and wherein, described angle intercepts along the perpendicular perpendicular to the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, and junctor limits erecting device so that one-way plough component or parts are mounted to rotatable grate parts.

" approximate right angle " is meant between about 84 ° to about 96 °, preferably between about 86 ° to about 94 °, more preferably between about 88 ° to about 92 °, and the angle most preferably between about 89 ° to about 91 °, such as about 90 °.

Junctor can comprise and maybe can limit connected unit and to have described in elongated another plough component equally or parts have the one-way plough of opposed elongated that deviates from each other with setting plough component or parts to be connected and to be linked to.By plough component or parts are connected and be linked to have equally described in elongated another plough the one-way plough that component or parts are formed can be as described above.

Connected unit can be configured to plough component and described another to plough component and temporarily link and make if desired, and start the year's ploughing component and described another can be divided to plough component.

In an embodiment of the invention, connected unit comprises the link aperture in junctor.

Junctor can limit joint seat with the linking part receiving also seat to put the junctor of another plough component described.Usually, link aperture and be arranged in described joint seat.

Erecting device can comprise or can install aperture at least one, and the junctor that at least one installation aperture described is extended through between top and bottom by usual in the vertical direction limits.

Junctor can limit at least one mount pad and put a part for one-way plough component or parts rotatable grate parts extremely to be installed to receive also seat.

This installation aperture or multiple installation aperture can be arranged in described mount pad.

Junctor can make described wall in use against being received by described mount pad and the seat described part of rotatable grate parts of putting along the confining wall at least partially of the periphery in mount pad.Wall can be positioned on the top of metallic object.Wall can be formed by the depression in junctor or groove.Replace ground or in addition, wall can be formed by the elevated regions of junctor.

Junctor can limit the jut towards the described first end projection of elongated.In use, therefore described jut can be received in groove in the periphery that the solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts of rotatable grate or component be mounted to or recess or sawtooth or raggle etc.

Jut can be limited by described wall.

The periphery being positioned at the junctor on that side facing the described first end of described elongated of junctor can limit the structure of the complementary protrusions of receiving solids disposal facilities one-way plough rotatable grate parts extremely to be installed in use.

The bottom of junctor can limit recessed carrier base to receive and the part that seat puts plow support frame makes a part for junctor in use be clipped between part that the one-way plough component of plow support frame and rotatable grate parts or parts are mounted to, and wherein plow support frame is also mounted to the described part of rotatable grate parts or forms the part of described part for rotatable grate parts.Recessed carrier base can being defined along the described periphery of described junctor at least partially.

Recessed carrier base can align or conform to and can be located at below the mount pad on the top of junctor.

The metallic object of one-way plough component or parts can be hardened steel.Alternatively, metallic object can be cast steel, such as, and the heat-resisting fe-cr-ni alloy of the special ASTM A297 HF level improved.Therefore metallic object can comprise foundry goods.

At least, the major surfaces of elongated can be coated with such as the special superpressed material of such as PRO 100 (trade(brand)name) or Lincor60 (trade(brand)name) surface hardening and so on.Preferably, the top of junctor and the part of bottom also plate hardened material.

The upper major surface of elongated of one-way plough component or parts and lower main face can share shared periphery between the two or edge.In other words, the upper major surface of opposed elongated and lower main face can be adjacent one another are and border on.

The upper major surface of elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can be linear and can towards bottom to downward-extension on the direction away from described first end.

The shared periphery of upper major surface and lower main face or edge and lower main face can be in shared perpendicular.

The upper major surface of elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can limit the upper peripheral edge of the lower main face of elongated at least partially.

The upper major surface of elongated and the shared periphery of lower main face or edge can limit the lower periphery of the upper major surface of elongated at least partially.

The upper major surface of elongated can in the scope between from about 1 ° to about 35 ° relative to the angle of vertical direction, such as about 15 °.

Elongated can be limited by the plough portion of metallic object.Plough portion can be roughly wedge-type shape in plan view, thickening gradually towards the second end from the first end of elongated limited by plough portion.

With plough portion comprise or limit elongated described first end end compared with, the end of described the second end comprising or limit elongated in plough portion can have the height of increase, that is, the distance between the bottom of increase and top.If desired, the bottom in plough portion or bottom peripheral edge can move down from the first end of elongated towards the direction of the second end.

Preferably, can sentence at the second end the circular fingers be bent upwards from the bottom in plough portion to top and terminate for elongated.

Compared with the described end of the described the second end of opposed elongated of the restriction in plough portion, the first end of elongated of the ratio of junctor can have height or the vertical thickness of reduction closer to the part of the second end.Therefore the described part of junctor can limit downstairs or step.

The joint seat of junctor and linking part can form a part for downstairs or step.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of rotatable grate component of vapourizing furnace for the gasification of carbonaceous materials by producing ash, this rotatable grate component comprises:

Turning unit, described turning unit is configured to rotate along at least one direction around vertical-rotation-axis; And

Multiple one-way plough, described multiple one-way plough is mounted to described turning unit to rotate around described rotation in a horizontal plane together with described turning unit thus to describe circle,

At least one one-way plough in one-way plough comprises:

Metallic object, metallic object has bottom and top, and metallic object limits non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair opposedly, non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair extends and extends to the second end from the first end of each opposed elongated opposedly between bottom with top, the situation spaced with top and bottom is compared, first end and the second end spaced farther, thus be greater than length highly for each opposed elongated face provides, opposed elongated face to be positioned on opposite side and back to the first imaginary perpendicular, each elongated mask in described opposed elongated has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, wherein top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is inclined upwardly towards described first imaginary perpendicular towards the first imaginary perpendicular is angled with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, wherein to become relative to the vertical major surfaces of another lower elongate of elongated in opposed elongated, the angle of at least 2 ° is angled to be made compared with the situation close to each other with the second end of opposed elongated the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate in a horizontal plane, first end in opposed elongated each other closer to, the first end of each elongated is positioned on the common side of the second imaginary vertical plane, second imaginary perpendicular is perpendicular to the first imaginary perpendicular and thus between the first end of each elongated and the second end, non-parallel elongated that separates is connected by the junctor limiting erecting device one-way plough being mounted to described turning unit opposedly, described erecting device is between described opposed non-parallel elongated.

In this specification, term " parts " is intended to comprise the parts of the assembling with more than one component, and such as rotatable grate parts comprise many components of assembled formation grate parts.

At least one one-way plough described can as described in above.

First imaginary perpendicular can be consistent with the described radius of a circle described by the one-way plough being mounted to described turning unit.

Preferably, turning unit is configured to along both direction---that is, clockwise with counterclockwise---and direction rotates.Therefore turning unit can be configured to rotate in positive operation direction and reverse operating direction.

Turning unit can be the rotatable grate parts in top, rotatable grate component also comprises and is fastened to top rotatable grate parts for the rotatable grate block construction in bottom rotated together with the rotatable grate parts of top, bottom rotatable support structure architecture becomes and rotates (preferably, optionally clockwise direction and counter-clockwise direction) with driving around the rotation consistent with the described rotation of top rotatable grate parts.

The described first end of opposed elongated the rotation usually closer to turning unit compared with described the second end, and with the second end compared with the situation each other closer to each other.In other words, at least one one-way plough described is usually mounted to turning unit and extends away from rotation with radial direction, wherein, the second end at the radial far-end of rotation and one-way plough broaden away from rotation in radial directions in plan view.

Turning unit can be the form of disk or the form for annular solid, and wherein, the outer radial periphery edge of the contiguous turning unit of one-way plough is installed.Outer radial periphery edge raggle or recess or sawtooth maybe can limit multiple groove.

The part of at least one one-way plough described can be positioned at below turning unit and a part at least one one-way plough described can such as giving prominence to from the below of turning unit away from rotation in the radial direction.

The wall extended at least partially of the periphery along at least one mount pad in mount pad of junctor against the part of receiving also seat to put by the mount pad of junctor of turning unit, can be generally peripheral part.

The jut limited by junctor can be received in the one in described groove in the periphery that described in turning unit, at least one one-way plough is mounted to or recess or sawtooth or raggle etc.

Rotatable grate parts or turning unit can to the peripheries by the described space at least one one-way plough described---namely, by periphery---the structure qualification complementary protrusions limited of the junctor extended between opposed elongated.Complementary protrusions can be received in the described structure limited by the periphery in described space.As indicated above, structure and jut can be V-arrangement shapes.

In this manual, unless referred else clearly in the context used, otherwise word " radius " or " radial direction " are for describing relative to the direction of the radius of a circle in use drawn when the plane internal rotation that described rotation extends through turns by one-way plough portion or position or the direction consistent with this radius or position.Therefore, radially outer or radially outer object or part than inner radial or radially inner object or part more away from described rotation.But, should be noted that " outwards " refers to and outwards leave one by one not necessarily along described radius of a circle, unless specified like this from described rotation; Word " inwardly " tool have opposite meaning.

At least one one-way plough described can be mounted to described turning unit by pass through the aperture in turning unit with through the installation aperture limited by the junctor of at least one one-way plough described.

Rotatable grate component can comprise one or more plow support frame of a part for the bottom being attached to turning unit or the bottom forming turning unit.At least one plow support frame can be associated with at least one one-way plough described.Plow support frame can engage at least one one-way plough described along at least one carrier base described at least one one-way plough described.Therefore the part of the junctor of at least one one-way plough described can be clipped between plow support frame and the bottom of turning unit.

Plow support frame can limit the installation aperture limited with the junctor by least one one-way plough described and the aperture of aliging with the aperture in turning unit.Therefore fastening piece also can extend through plow support frame or penetrate in plow support frame.

Fastening piece can be the form of pin.Pin can by positioning welding to plow support frame.

Rotatable grate parts or turning unit can have upwards the outside surface of convergent inwardly.This can be cross-shaped or stepped when upwards the outside surface of convergent is observed in vertical section inwardly, defines vertically and the ladder that separates of radial direction.Ladder can be covered to protect rotatable grate parts or turning unit to avoid abrasive material by backplate, such as ash.

One-way plough can angularly separate.Therefore, such as, when only there is two one-way ploughs, two one-way ploughs may separate about 180 °, and when existence three one-way ploughs, three one-way ploughs may separate about 120 °, when existence four one-way ploughs, four one-way ploughs may separate about 90 °, and when existence six one-way ploughs, six one-way ploughs may separate about 60 °.But the layout of one-way plough may be asymmetric due to structural limitations (miscellaneous part obstruction etc.), especially when at least one one-way plough described of the present invention is retrofitted so that all the more so when being applicable to existing rotatable grate component.The large variable of the spacing between one-way plough can be adopted, such as, reach the variable of 60 °.

Six one-way ploughs are reached to turning unit desirably can install.Preferably, all one-way ploughs are according to one-way plough of the present invention.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of for the vapourizing furnace by gasification of carbonaceous materials, this vapourizing furnace comprises rotatable grate component as previously described, and rotatable grate component is arranged in the vaporizer that limited by gasification vessel.

Rotatable grate component can comprise the rotatable supporting structure in bottom as previously described.The rotatable supporting structure in bottom of grate component can be connected to drive unit.

Vapourizing furnace can be fixed-bed gasification furnace, particularly fixed-bed type dry bottom gasification stove.

The present invention extend to vapourizing furnace as described previously for make coal, rubbish or biomass or make in coal, rubbish and biomass both or more the purposes of composition gasification of person.But, usually, the temperature gasified under vapourizing furnace is used for making the pressure of coal between 5bar (g) to 100bar (g) and between about 400 DEG C to about 1600 DEG C.

Rotatable grate parts or turning unit usually have vertical size and radial direction and the vertical axis that can export around the ash discharge of vaporizer rotates, wherein, the lower rim of rotatable grate parts or turning unit is positioned at top or the upper end of rotatable grate parts or turning unit.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Now further describe the present invention with reference to accompanying schematic figure by example, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the vertical section figure of the rotatable grate component be arranged in fixed-bed type dry bottom gasification stove;

Fig. 2 illustrates the upward view according to rotatable grate component of the present invention;

Fig. 3 illustrates the three-dimensional view according to solids disposal facilities one-way plough of the present invention;

Fig. 4 illustrates the vertical view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 illustrates the upward view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 illustrates the front view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 illustrates the rear view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 illustrates the left view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 illustrates the right view of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Figure 10 illustrates the three-dimensional view of the first solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Figure 11 illustrates the vertical view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 12 illustrates the upward view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 13 illustrates the front view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 14 illustrates the rear view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 15 illustrates the left view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 16 illustrates the right view of the parts of Figure 10;

Figure 17 illustrates the three-dimensional view of the second solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts of the one-way plough of Fig. 3;

Figure 18 illustrates the vertical view of the parts of Figure 17;

Figure 19 illustrates the upward view of the parts of Figure 17;

Figure 20 illustrates the front view of the parts of Figure 17;

Figure 21 illustrates the rear view of the parts of Figure 17;

Figure 22 illustrates the left view of the parts of Figure 17;

Figure 23 illustrates the right view of the parts of Figure 17; And

Figure 24 illustrates the three-dimensional view of the part according to rotatable grate component of the present invention.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1 of accompanying drawing, Reference numeral 10 is often referred to the rotatable grate component for being arranged in the gasification vessel 100 of fixed-bed type dry bottom gasification stove.Gasification vessel 100 is limited in it vaporizer 102 (that is, pressurized vessel) being equipped with rotatable grate component 10.Vaporizer 102 has wall 18.

Rotatable grate component 10 comprises the rotatable grate parts 11 (being also referred to as vapourizing furnace grate) in top, and these grate parts 11 are connected on the rotatable supporting structure 12 in bottom by multiple joint bolt 15.The rotatable supporting structure 12 in this bottom is connected on gear ring 13 with driving, and gear ring 13 is connected to electro-motor (not shown) by wheel casing and drive shaft again.In use, electro-motor and wheel casing optionally or along clockwise direction or in the counterclockwise direction rotate for making the rotatable part 11,12 and 13 of rotatable grate component 10, wherein, the one in this both direction is normal operative orientation, and another one is reverse operating direction.

Rotatable part 11,12 and 13 is bearing in the ash discharge outlet of gasification vessel 100 or the top of passage 20 by the supporting structure 14 fixed.Rotating metallic ash plough 17 is connected to the radially week of the rotatable grate parts 11 in top.Plough 17 for being wiped off by ash from grey bed by ash discharge annular space 19 in vaporizer 102, between the periphery that this ash discharge annular space 19 is limited at the rotatable grate parts 11 in top and the wall 18 of vaporizer 102.In principle, ploughing 17 can be short and straight type or as described hereinbefore banana Type is ploughed ^tM, or plough 17 in one or more can be solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to improvement of the present invention.Expediently, the rotatable grate parts 11 in top are configured to allow plough 17 easily to exchange.

The rotatable grate parts 11 in top are provided with the backplate 22 arranged in a step-wise manner.

In use, rotatable grate component 10 rotates around vertical-rotation-axis 21, and this rotation 21 is corresponding with the medullary ray of ash discharge passage 20, and the medullary ray of ash discharge passage 20 is also the medullary ray of rotatable grate component 10.Coal is supplied to the top of vapourizing furnace (not shown) in batches, and, vaporized chemical (namely, steam and oxygen) bottom of vaporizer 102 is supplied to via the gasification agent outlets 23 of below of the lower rim being positioned at outside backplate 22, thus make the coal generating gasification of the bed slowly moved down being arranged in vaporizer 102.Ash via be arranged on the one hand for vaporizer 102 wall 18 and extracted out continuously via the bottom of ash discharge passage 20 from vaporizer 102 for the ash discharge annular space 19 between the rotatable grate parts 11 in top on the other hand.Plough 17 rotates together with the rotatable grate parts 11 in top, thus carries out ash discharge by being wiped off by ash via ash discharge annular space 19.When the rotatable grate parts 11 in top rotate, between the backplate 22 and the wall 18 of vaporizer 102 of the rotatable grate parts 11 in top, perform chamotte crushing.Sometimes, in order to attempt to discharge the ash particle of wedge shape, the rotatable grate component in top 11 can temporarily operate under reverse mode by making the rotatable grate component 11 in top rotate along reverse operating direction.

Referring now to Fig. 3 to Fig. 9 of accompanying drawing, Reference numeral 200 is often referred to generation according to the solids disposal facilities one-way plough through improving of the present invention.One-way plough 200 is the form of the assembly comprising the first solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts 300 (see Figure 10 to 16) and the second solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts 400 (see Figure 17 to 23).Each in one-way plough parts 300,400 nearly weighs 120kg to 130kg.

One-way plough parts 300,400 have the clad of metallic object, the form of casting mold metallic object at bottom 202 and top 204 for making the one-way plough 200 assembled therefore comprise.The one-way plough 200 of assembling is therefore also in this orientation---that is, make bottom 202 at top less than 204, be usually located at the opposed both sides of horizontal plane---use.

First one-way plough parts 300 are limited to and extend between bottom 202 and top 204 and to extend to the elongated face 302 of the second end 306 from first end 304.Similarly, the second one-way plough parts 400 extend between 202 and top 204 bottom being limited to and extend to the elongated face 402 of the second end 406 from first end 404.

Elongated face 302,402 opposite each other and back to, spaced and non-parallel.

The situation spaced with bottom 202 with top 204 is compared, first end 304 and the second end 306 in elongated face 302 are spaced farther, thus provide the length (intercepting between first end 304 and the second end 306) being greater than height (be variable and intercept between bottom 202 and top 204) for elongated face 302.Similarly, the situation spaced with bottom 202 with top 204 is compared, and first end 404 and the second end 406 in elongated face 402 are spaced farther, thus is greater than length highly for elongated face 402 provides.

Opposed elongated face 302,402 be positioned at the first imaginary perpendicular 206 opposite side and back to the first imaginary perpendicular 206 (see Fig. 3).Expediently, can more or less middle between opposed elongated face 302,402 as the first imaginary perpendicular can be observed in the diagram.

Elongated face 302 has two not coplanar elongated flat major surfacess.Top elongated non-vertical planar major surface 308 is inclined upwardly (see Figure 13 and Figure 14) with the angle in vertical direction with about 15 ° towards the first imaginary perpendicular 206 towards the first imaginary perpendicular 206 is angled.Lower elongate major surfaces 310 is vertical flat surfaces.

Similarly, elongated face 402 has the main flat surfaces 408 of top elongated non-vertical, and the main flat surfaces of top elongated non-vertical 408 is inclined upwardly (see Figure 20 and Figure 21) with the angle in vertical direction with about 15 ° towards the first imaginary perpendicular 206 towards the first imaginary perpendicular 206 is angled.The main flat surfaces of lower elongate 410 is vertical.

As can be observed in Figure 4, compared with the close situation each other of the second end 306,406, first end 304,404 (in a horizontal plane) closer to each other, thus causes opposed elongated face 302,402 from first end 304,404 towards the direction of the second end 306,406 separately.As clearly inferred from Fig. 4, the angle that therefore the vertical major surfaces of lower flat 310 is oriented relative to one another to about 12 ° in a horizontal plane with the vertical major surfaces of lower flat 410 angled (and becoming the angle of about 6 ° respectively relative to the first imaginary perpendicular).

First end 304,404 in elongated face 302,402 is positioned in the common side of the second imaginary perpendicular 208.Second imaginary perpendicular 208 is therefore between the first end 304 and the second end 306 in elongated face 302, and same between the first end 404 and the second end 406 in elongated face 402, and perpendicular to the first imaginary perpendicular 204.

Elongated face 302,402 is linked by web-like (web-like) junctor 210, and web-like junctor 210 is limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 of having linked and the second one-way plough parts 400 again.Junctor 210 limits the erecting device of open holes 212,214 and 216 form so that the one-way plough 200 through assembling is mounted to rotatable grate parts, the rotatable part 504 shown in Fig. 2 of the rotatable grate parts 11 in all top as shown in figure 1 of the drawings and accompanying drawing.As can be clearly observed in figure 3, the erecting device of open holes 212,214 and 216 form is between the opposed non-parallel or elongated face 302 and 402 that separates.

First one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 link together to form assembly type one-way plough 200 by connected unit.Connected unit comprise link aperture 312 (see Fig. 5 and Figure 11 to Figure 12) in the part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 of the fastening piece of pin 218 form, junctor 210 and junctor 210 by the link aperture 412 (see Fig. 3 and Figure 17 to Figure 19) in the second one-way plough parts 400 qualifying part.Be understood that, due to the form that connected unit is aperture 312 and 412 and pin 218, connected unit is configured to the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 temporarily to link make easily to separate the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 if desired.In order to the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 be linked, pin 218 inserts from top 204 towards bottom 202 after link aperture 312 and 412 enters alignment.Pin 218, and particularly its head subsequently usually by positioning welding to guarantee that pin 218 is held in place between the usage period of one-way plough 200.

The part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 of junctor 210 limits joint seat 314.Complementally, the part limited by the second one-way plough parts 400 of junctor 210 limits linking part 414.Link aperture 312 and be arranged in joint seat 314, link aperture 412 and be arranged in linking part 414.When the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 link together, joint seat 314 is received and seat puts linking part 414.It should be understood that linking part 414 limits joint seat on the contrary and joint seat 314 limits linking part on the contrary when one-way plough 200 upset makes bottom 202 be positioned at top place.Therefore, joint seat 314 being also described as linking part and linking part 414 is also described as joint seat is accurately.

The groove that joint seat 314 passes through in the part of the junctor 210 limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 limits.Groove has the wall 316 (see Fig. 4) being formed as right-angled corners 318.Then linking part 414 has the right-angled corners 418 of pasting and being received in right-angled corners 318 suitablely.Therefore joint seat 314 and linking part 414 are configured so that the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 lock together by joint seat 314 and linking part 414, thus prevent the relatively rotating around pin 218 between the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400.

Installation aperture 212,214 and 216 in the vertical direction of restriction erecting device extends through the junctor 210 between top 204 and bottom 202.Aperture 212 and 214 is installed limited by the part of the junctor 210 limited by the first one-way plough parts 300, but, aperture 216 is installed and is limited by the part of the junctor 210 limited by the second one-way plough parts 400.Install aperture 216 and have the diameter larger than the diameter installing aperture 212 and 214, installation aperture 212 is identical with the size of 214.Aperture 212,214 and 216 is installed locate and separate to fall within the imaginary circle of about 3060mm diameter.As clearly observed in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 of accompanying drawing, install aperture 212,214 and 216 be positioned at expediently on a side of the second imaginary perpendicular 208, but pin 208, link aperture 312 with link aperture 412 be positioned on the relative side of the second imaginary perpendicular 208.Equally, first end 304,404 be positioned at the second imaginary perpendicular 208 with install on aperture 212,214 sides identical with 216.

Connector 210 limits mount pad 220 and puts the circumference (such as, base (shoe) part of complementary shape) of the rotatable grate parts---the rotatable grate component 11 in such as top---that one-way plough 200 is mounted to receive also seat.Mount pad 220 is limited to top 204, that is, in the upper surface of junctor 210 or on upper surface.Mount pad 220 is the form of groove in junctor 210 or depressed part.It should be noted, a part for mount pad 220 is limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 and a part for mount pad 200 is limited by the second one-way plough parts 400.These spaced-apart of mount pad 220.Aperture 212 and 214 is installed and is arranged in mount pad 220 part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300, but open holes 216 is limited by mount pad 220 part limited by the second one-way plough parts 400.

Junctor 210 is along a part of confining wall 222 of the periphery of mount pad 220 part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300.In use, wall 222 is received and the seat circumference (such as, the base part of rotatable grate parts) of rotatable grate parts of putting against the described part by mount pad 220.Wall 222 to be arranged on top 204 and to be formed thus: mount pad 220 part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 is the depressed part of junctor 210 or the form of groove.

Junctor 210 limits the V-arrangement jut 224 towards first end 304,404 projection.In use, in the periphery that jut 224 is received in rotatable grate parts---top rotatable grate parts 11 that such as one-way plough 200 is mounted to---in the v-depression of the periphery of the base of rotatable grate parts (such as, in) or recess or sawtooth etc.Jut 224 is limited by wall 222.

As can be clearly observed in the accompanying drawings, junctor 210 is not present in comprising of opposed elongated face 302,402 or limits between the part of first end 304,404.Therefore between opposed elongated face 302,402, space 226 is limited.

The periphery in the space 226 limited by the periphery of the junctor 210 extended between opposed elongated face 302,402 limits v-depression 228 (see Fig. 4).In use, the complementary protrusions that v-depression 228 receives rotatable grate parts---the rotatable grate parts 11 in the top that such as one-way plough 200 is mounted to---.

The bottom of junctor 210---namely, bottom 202---limits recessed carrier base 230 to receive and seat puts the plow support frame part plow support frame of a part of (such as, form rotatable grate parts---the rotatable grate parts 11 in the top that such as one-way plough 200 is mounted to---).---namely along the periphery of the junctor 210 extended between opposed elongated face 302,402---as can be clearly observed in Figure 5, recessed carrier base 230 is along the peripheral part in space 226 limits.Each in first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 limits a part for carrier base 230.The part of the carrier base 230 limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 be separate and be more or less positioned at the below of the corresponding part of mount pad 220 respectively.

First one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 are the form of casting mold metallic object, are generally the special heat-resisting fe-cr-ni alloy of ASTM A297 HF level improved.Elongated face 302,402 is coated with the special superpressed material of such as PRO 100 (trade(brand)name) or Lincor 60 (trade(brand)name) surface hardening and so on.Equally, the top 204 of one-way plough 200 and the part of bottom 202 are also coated with hardened material.This is shown in Fig. 3 to Figure 23, and wherein, darker shadow region is the region plating hardfacing materials.

Upper major surface 308 and the lower main face 310 in elongated face 302 share the periphery or edge 320 that share, and the periphery shared or edge 320 are linear and extend towards bottom 202 from top 204 on the direction of the second end 306 along from first end 304.Elongated face 402 has similar shared periphery between upper major surface 408 that is adjacent or that border on and lower main face 410 or edge 420.

Edge line or boundary line or shoulder line 320 are in same perpendicular with lower main face 310, and edge line or boundary line or shoulder line 420 are in same perpendicular with lower main face 410.Therefore edge 320,420 also separates on the direction of the second end 306,406 along deviating from first end 304,404.

In the embodiment of one-way plough of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, elongated face 302 and elongated face 402 are mirror image each other.Therefore first imaginary perpendicular 206 is mirror plane or is and the plane making opposed elongated face 302,402 symmetry, make opposed elongated face 302,402 about the first imaginary perpendicular 206 symmetry (mirrored), but not imaginary with first perpendicular 206 is parallel.

Elongated face 302,402 limits respectively by the first one-way plough parts 300 and the respective plough portion 322,422 of the second one-way plough parts 400.As clear view arrived in Figure 11 to Figure 18 of accompanying drawing, plough portion 322,422 is roughly wedge-type shape in plan view, from respective first end 304,404 towards its corresponding the second end 306,406 thickening.Each plough portion 322,422 has the toe shape portion 204 of the circle be bent upwards separately towards top 204 from bottom 202.

As can be clearly observed in figure 3 of the drawings, junctor 210 limits towards the downstairs of the front portion of junctor 210 or step 232.Ladder or step 232 are limited by junctor 210 part limited by the first one-way plough parts 300 and junctor 210 part limited by the second one-way plough parts 400.Wall 234 on three sides ladder or step 232 is bordered on.Joint seat 314 and linking part 414 all form a part for ladder or step 232.

With reference to Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing, show the bottom according to rotatable grate component of the present invention of the gasification vessel being positioned at fixed-bed type dry bottom gasification stove.Rotatable grate component is indicated by Reference numeral 500, but wall or the cover of the vaporizer of gasification vessel are indicated by Reference numeral 502.The shell of gasification vessel is not shown, but downtake is indicated by Reference numeral 503.Rotatable grate component 500 comprises turning unit 504, and turning unit 504 is configured to optionally or rotates along clockwise direction or rotate around vertical-rotation-axis 506 in the counterclockwise direction.Three one-way ploughs 200 are mounted to the bottom of turning unit 504 to rotate around rotation 506 in a horizontal plane together along with turning unit 504, make one-way plough 200 depict circle in use.The circle described in use by one-way plough 200 and wall 502 concentricity.

Top rotatable grate parts 11 shown in Fig. 1 of turning unit 504 and accompanying drawing are identical, and the wall 18 of the gasification vessel 100 shown in Fig. 1 of wall 502 and accompanying drawing is identical.Rotation 506 is therefore consistent with rotation 21.But, importantly, turning unit 504 illustrate the rotatable grate parts 11 in the top being equipped with one-way plough 200 instead of such as short and straight type or banana Type is ploughed ^tMand so on the one-way plough of another kind of type.As shown in figure 2 of the drawings, three one-way ploughs 200 are mounted to the bottom of turning unit 504 by its junctor 210 and the installation aperture 212,214 and 216 be limited in junctor 210.Each one-way plough 200 is mounted to make first of one-way plough 200 the imaginary perpendicular 206 consistent with the radius of a circle 508 that one-way plough 200 is described during the rotation of rotation 506 at turning unit 504.As clearly observed in Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing, the first end 304,404 in the opposed elongated face 302,402 of each one-way plough 200 than the second end 306,406 closer to rotation 506, and also than the second end 306,406 near situation each other closer to each other.In upward view, as seen in Figure 2, therefore each one-way plough 200 be mounted to turning unit 504 and extend away from rotation 506 with radial direction, and wherein the second end 306,406 makes one-way plough 200 broadening in the radial direction away from rotation 506 away from rotation 506.

Turning unit 504 is the form of disk, and wherein, the outer radial periphery edge of the contiguous turning unit 504 of one-way plough is installed.

With reference to Figure 24 of accompanying drawing, casting mold turning unit 504 limits or comprises the downward projection base 510 that multiple periphery separates.Each base 510 limits groove or the recess 518 of three apertures and V-arrangement.

Turning unit 504 comprises multiple plow support frame 516 (see Fig. 2) be integrally formed on its bottom.Plow support frame 516 is a part for the foundry goods of turning unit 504.Plow support frame 516 is associated with the one-way plough 200 of each installation.

One-way plough 200 is mounted to turning unit 504 in a disassembled state.In order to one-way plough 200 is mounted to turning unit 504, first one-way plough parts 300 are located so that base 510 is arranged on the mount pad 220 or mount pad 220 that are limited by the first one-way plough parts 300, and use pin that the first one-way plough parts 300 are fastened to turning unit 504.Plow support frame 516 is assemblied in below the carrier base 230 that limited by the first one-way plough parts 300, and carrier base 230 and carrier base 220 are sandwiched between plow support frame 516 and base 510.Then, two less pins 514 are through two apertures in the aperture of base 510 and insert through installing aperture 212 and 214, and are soldered to plow support frame 516 at its head location.Subsequently, second one-way plough parts 400 are by being assembled to turning unit 504 in the part that a part for base 510 is positioned to the mount pad 220 limited by the second one-way plough parts 400 or in the part of mount pad 220, afterwards, larger pin 514 passes the 3rd aperture in base 510 and inserts through installing aperture 216.Subsequently, the head of larger pin also positioning welding to plow support frame 516.Subsequently, the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400 by pin 218, link together with aperture 312 is attached at link aperture 412.Subsequently again, the head of pin 218 is by positioning welding to the first one-way plough parts 300.

As indicated above, each base 510 limits v-depression or recess 518.The V-arrangement jut 224 of one-way plough 200 pastes and is received in v-depression 518 suitablely.Similarly, base 510 limits the downward jut of V-arrangement (invisible in the accompanying drawings), the downward jut of this V-arrangement is received in v-shaped structure 228, is limited in the periphery of junctor 210 in this v-shaped structure 228, between the first one-way plough parts 300 and the second one-way plough parts 400.Wall 222 against base 510 footpath to the outside or edge.

One-way plough 200 angularly separates about 120 °.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing, turning unit 504 also comprises virtual plough or lays keeper 520.Each virtual plough 520 is associated with base 510 and plow support frame 516 and is mounted to turning unit 504 with the similar fashion of installing with one-way plough 200.

Advantageously, one-way plough 200 as shown is equally effective with the one-way plough described in WO 2013/110981 on clockwise direction of operating with counterclockwise direction of operating.Usually, a direction in these directions can be normal or positive operation direction, and another direction can be such as removing the inverse direction of obturator etc.During the rotation of turning unit 504, cause the less compression of particle between two continuous rotation ploughs 200, cause the reduction of the wearing and tearing of the parts of rotatable grate parts 500 and gasification vessel 502.Ash particle is promoted to fill the void space in the grey bed caused by the ash particle size changed by one (depending on sense of rotation) in angled upper major surface 308 and 408 straight up.Relative to normal direction (normal) (namely one (depending on sense of rotation) in lower main face 310 and 410 guides ash particle, 90 °) the vectorial inside dislocation towards rotation 506 of contact, thus guarantee particle removing via ash discharge annular space 19.By by ash particle inwardly rotation 506 promote and dislocation, major surfaces 308,310,408,410 enables ash particle have the surface in contact of particle and particle, thus to make on one-way plough 200 and other minimise wear on the surface on such as backplate 22 or gasification furnace wall 18.

The plough of elongated with such as elongated face 302,402 and so on has demonstrated plough on clockwise direction of operating and counterclockwise on direction of operating---that is, on forward or normal operative orientation and on reverse operating direction---extraction efficiency increased above the plough of prior art.Because elongated face 302,402 is mirror images each other, therefore one-way plough 200 is when along normal or positive operation direction or effectively can remove ash when not causing the change of the reduction of grey extraction yield or corrosive property when rotating along inverse direction.This extends the working life of plough 200 widely and prevents the loss that height when operating rotatable grate component 500 under reverse mode weares and teares and extracts.

Advantageously, one-way plough 200 easily carries out retrofit to existing rotatable grate component when the rotatable grate parts in the top that need not be mounted to one-way plough 200 are modified.Turning unit shown in Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing be South Africa use fixed-bed type dry bottom coal gasifier business use in banana Type is ploughed ^tMthe existing turning unit used together.Advantageously, as directed one-way plough 200 can when not needing to make any modification to turning unit 504 by removing simply banana Type is ploughed ^tMand one-way plough 200 is installed and is assembled to turning unit 504.

Due to the form that one-way plough 200 is two parts installed individually during being mounted to the rotation grate parts of such as grey grate and so on, therefore, owing to once only needing to settle and handle the only about half of of the gross weight of so large one-way plough 200, assembling is than being easier to.

Claims

1. a solids disposal facilities one-way plough, described one-way plough comprises:

Metallic object, described metallic object has bottom and top, and described metallic object limits non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair opposedly, described non-parallel elongated of separating for a pair extends and extends to the second end from the first end of each opposed elongated opposedly between described bottom with described top, the situation spaced with described bottom with described top is compared, described first end and described the second end spaced farther, thus be greater than length highly for each opposed elongated face provides, described opposed elongated face to be positioned on opposite side and with the first imaginary perpendicular back to, each elongated mask in described opposed elongated has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, described top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is inclined upwardly towards described first imaginary perpendicular towards described first imaginary perpendicular is angled with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate is in a horizontal plane to become the angle of at least 2 ° angled relative to the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate of elongated of another in described opposed elongated, make compared with the situation close to each other with the described the second end of described opposed elongated, described first end in described opposed elongated each other closer to, thus cause described opposed elongated separating from described first end towards the direction of described the second end, the described first end of each elongated is positioned on the common side of the second imaginary vertical plane, described second imaginary perpendicular is perpendicular to described first imaginary perpendicular and thus between the described first end of each elongated and described the second end, described non-parallel elongated of separating is connected with the junctor described one-way plough being mounted to rotatable grate parts by limiting erecting device opposedly, described erecting device is between described opposed non-parallel elongated.

2. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 1, wherein, described metallic object comprises or is the form of at least two separable components or parts, one elongated during first component or parts limit described non-parallel elongated, and second component or parts limit described non-parallel elongated another elongated, and each in wherein said first component or parts and described second component or parts limits described junctor at least partially.

3. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 2, described solids disposal facilities one-way plough comprises connected unit described first component of described metallic object or parts and described second component or parts to be linked together.

4. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 2, wherein, the described junctor portion of the one in described first component or parts and described second component or parts limits joint seat to receive and seat puts the linking part in the described junctor portion of the another one in described second component or parts and described first component or parts, described joint seat and described linking part are configured so that described first component or parts and described second component or parts lock together by described joint seat and described linking part, thus prevent described first component or parts and the relative rotation around the fastening piece described first component or parts and described second component and parts linked together between described second component or parts.

5. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 1, wherein, described erecting device comprises or at least one installs the form in aperture, described at least one aperture be installed extend through described junctor between the described top and described bottom of described metallic object.

6. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 5, wherein, described erecting device comprises or is the form at least two installation apertures separated, described installation aperture is located and is separated on the circular arc of the single section falling within imaginary circle, wherein, described imaginary circle has the diameter between 2000mm to 4000mm or between 4000mm to 5000mm.

7. solids disposal facilities one-way plough according to claim 1, wherein, described junctor limits the jut towards the described first end projection of described elongated, and described jut in use be can be received in groove in the periphery of the rotatable grate parts that described solids disposal facilities one-way plough is mounted to or recess or sawtooth or raggle.

8. solids disposal facilities one-way plough component or parts, described one-way plough component or parts comprise:

Metallic object, described metallic object has bottom and top, and described metallic object is limited to and extends between described bottom and described top and to extend to elongated of the second end from the first end of described elongated; And

Junctor, described junctor extends described plough component or parts to be connected away from described elongated and is linked to another plough component or the parts equally with elongated, has the one-way plough of opposed elongated away form one another to arrange,

The situation spaced with described bottom with described top is compared, described first end and the described the second end of described elongated are spaced farther, thus be greater than length highly for described elongated face provides, described elongated mask has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, described top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is angled towards described junctor with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, therefore, therefore angle between the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate and described top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is greater than 180 °,

Described junctor becomes approximate right angle with the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate, wherein, described angle intercepts along the perpendicular perpendicular to the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate, and described junctor limits erecting device so that described one-way plough component or parts are mounted to rotatable grate parts.

9. solids disposal facilities one-way plough component according to claim 8 or parts, wherein, described junctor comprises or limits connected unit and to have described in elongated another plough component or parts equally described plough component or parts to be connected and to be linked to, thus arranges the solids disposal facilities one-way plough with opposed elongated non-parallel face away form one another.

10. solids disposal facilities one-way plough component according to claim 8 or parts, wherein, described junctor limits the jut towards the described first end projection of described elongated, and described jut in use be can be received in groove in the periphery of the rotatable grate parts that described solids disposal facilities one-way plough parts or component are mounted to or recess or sawtooth or raggle.

11. solids disposal facilities one-way plough component according to claim 8 or parts, wherein, the periphery limiting structure portion of the described junctor on that side facing the described first end of described elongated of described junctor, to receive the jut of the complementation of described solids disposal facilities one-way plough rotatable grate parts extremely to be installed in use.

12. 1 kinds of rotatable grate components of vapourizing furnace for the gasification of carbonaceous materials by producing ash, described rotatable grate component comprises:

Multiple one-way plough, described multiple one-way plough is mounted to described turning unit to rotate around described rotation in a horizontal plane together with described turning unit thus to depict circle,

At least one one-way plough in described one-way plough comprises:

Metallic object, described metallic object has bottom and top, and described metallic object limits non-parallel elongated that separates for a pair opposedly, described non-parallel elongated of separating for a pair extends and extends to the second end from the first end of each opposed elongated opposedly between described bottom with described top, the situation spaced with described bottom with described top is compared, described first end and described the second end spaced farther, thus be greater than length highly for each opposed elongated face provides, described opposed elongated face to be positioned on opposite side and with the first imaginary perpendicular back to, each elongated mask in described opposed elongated has at least two not coplanar elongated major surfacess, top elongated non-vertical major surfaces and the vertical major surfaces of lower elongate, described top elongated non-vertical major surfaces is inclined upwardly towards described first imaginary perpendicular towards described first imaginary perpendicular is angled with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate is in a horizontal plane to become the angle of at least 2 ° angled relative to the vertical major surfaces of described lower elongate of elongated of another in described opposed elongated, make compared with the situation close to each other with the described the second end of described opposed elongated, described first end in described opposed elongated each other closer to, the described first end of each elongated is positioned on the common side of the second imaginary vertical plane, described second imaginary perpendicular is perpendicular to described first imaginary perpendicular and thus between the described first end of each elongated and described the second end, described non-parallel elongated of separating is connected by limiting the junctor described one-way plough being mounted to the erecting device of described turning unit opposedly, described erecting device is between described opposed non-parallel elongated.

13. rotatable grate components according to claim 12, wherein, described first imaginary perpendicular is consistent with the described radius of a circle described by the described one-way plough being mounted to described turning unit.

14. rotatable grate components according to claim 12, wherein, the described first end of described opposed elongated compared with described the second end closer to the described rotation of described turning unit, and compared with the situation that described the second end is close to each other, described first end each other closer to, make at least one one-way plough wherein said be mounted to described turning unit radially to extend away from described rotation, described one-way plough radially broadens away from described rotation in plan view.

15. 1 kinds for the vapourizing furnace by gasification of carbonaceous materials, described vapourizing furnace comprises rotatable grate component according to claim 12, and described rotatable grate component is arranged in the vaporizer that limited by gasification vessel.

16. 1 kinds of vapourizing furnaces according to claim 15 make coal, waste material or biological material, or make coal, waste material and biological material both or more the purposes of composition gasification of person.

17. purposes according to claim 16, wherein, the pressure that described vapourizing furnace is used for making coal between 5bar (g) to 100bar (g) and the temperature gasified between 400 DEG C to 1600 DEG C.