CN105010404B - A kind of insecticide active substance and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of insecticide active substance and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105010404B CN105010404B CN201510405611.9A CN201510405611A CN105010404B CN 105010404 B CN105010404 B CN 105010404B CN 201510405611 A CN201510405611 A CN 201510405611A CN 105010404 B CN105010404 B CN 105010404B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that insecticide active substance is prepared from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium, including：Step 1：Liquid fermentation is carried out to the long shoot trichoderma bacterium that can produce insecticide active substance, obtains the nutrient solution containing insecticidal activity metabolite；Step 2：The obtained nutrient solution containing insecticidal activity metabolite is subjected to coarse extraction operation, obtains the crude extract of insecticide active substance.Present invention also offers the application by the insecticide active substance that described preparation method is prepared in terms of Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider preventing and treating.The advantage of the invention is that the preventing and treating that trialeurodes vaporariorum and strawberry red spider are carried out using the bacterial strain is safe and reliable, poisoning is not produced, does not endanger human health, it is free from environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological control plant insect field, more particularly to a kind of insecticide active substance, in particular it relates to one
The insecticide active substance that kind is prepared from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium, and the system of this insecticide active substance
Preparation Method and its application in terms of biological control plant insect, answering especially in terms of Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider preventing and treating
With.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)], is commonly called as little Bai moths, is a kind of global insect.It is primary
In Perenniporia martius area, spread rapidly by the nursery stock of flowers and other industrial crops, in wide-scale distribution all over the world and sudden and violent
Hair causes disaster, and also turns into a kind of insect pest of China's kainogenesis in recent years, endangers the crowds such as the vegetables such as tomato, cucumber, capsicum and cotton
More crops.Bemisia tabaci directly pierces suction water, causes plant weak, and nymph and adult can also secrete honeydew, and it is dirty to induce coal
The generation of disease, when density is high, black is presented in blade, has a strong impact on photosynthesis.In addition, Bemisia tabaci can also be on 30 kinds of crops
More than 70 kinds of virosis is propagated, serious loss is caused to agricultural production.Bemisia tabaci have host extensively, body by wax,
The features such as generation overlap, reproduction speed are fast, Spreading and diffusion approach is more, preventing and treating are extremely difficult.
Strawberry red spider, scientific name Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Tetranychuscinnabarinus Boisduval), be strawberry weight
Insect is wanted, strawberry is growing the intermediary and later stages, and frequently suffer from red spider breaks out harm, is killed plant and downgrades early ageing, blade is in reddish brown
Color dries up.Aggrieved in florescence, then fruit reduces, and malformed fruit increases, and has a strong impact on the yield of strawberry fresh fruit.
People use chemical pesticide disease and pest control always for a long time, but the toxicity of chemical pesticide is larger and residual quantity
Also it is higher, especially eat fruit raw as strawberry is this kind of, for a long time using chemical pesticide, the health of environment and people can all be produced sternly
Ghost image rings, and can also destroy the ecological balance.So needing further to screen and develop, the height of Bemisia tabaci and red spider is effectively prevented and treated
The biological pesticide of effect, low toxicity, to reduce the usage amount with substituting chemical pesticide.
The content of the invention
Based on above-mentioned background technology, it is prepared into the invention provides a kind of from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium
The insecticide active substance arrived, and the preparation method of this insecticide active substance and its answering in terms of biological control plant insect
With.Present inventor has found, contains in the metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium and kills effect to Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider
Active ingredient.The bacterial strain is submitted on January 14th, 2014 present invention applicant Shanghai Wan Lihua bio tech ltd
Give China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC) preservation, preserving number CGMCC
No.8723。
The theme of the first aspect of the present invention is a kind of to prepare insecticidal activity from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium
The method of material, it is characterised in that including：
Step 1：Liquid fermentation is carried out to the long shoot trichoderma bacterium that can produce insecticide active substance, obtained containing insecticidal activity generation
Thank to the nutrient solution of product；
Step 2：The obtained nutrient solution containing insecticidal activity metabolite is subjected to coarse extraction operation, obtains insecticidal activity
The crude extract of material.
Further, methods described is also killed including the crude extract of the insecticide active substance is processed further into obtained one kind
The step 3 of worm agent, is specifically included：Use the general solid phase liquid phase of agricultural chemicals known in the art and emulsifying agent dispersion moistening
The various carriers such as agent, be configured to the insecticide of any formulation, preferably be selected from missible oil, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agent,
Any one in suspension emulsion, effervescent tablet, it is highly preferred that be further properly added including dispersant, wetting agent, emulsifying agent,
Bleeding agent, sticker, defoamer, foaming agent, thickener, any one or a few the auxiliary agent in stabilizer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 1, the long shoot trichoderma bacterium of insecticide active substance will can be produced by specifically including
Inoculation is cultivated into liquid fermentation medium.
Preferably, the long shoot trichoderma bacteria strain is China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center
(CGMCC) preservation, preserving number are CGMCC No.8723 bacterial strain.
Preferably, the component of the culture medium includes：5g/L peptones, 30g/L sucrose, 2g/L beef extracts, 0.25g/L sulphur
Sour magnesium, 0.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphates；Wherein, the concentration institute of the peptone, sucrose, beef extract, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Corresponding volume is the volume of culture medium.
Preferably, the temperature of the culture is 25~30 DEG C.
Preferably, the mode of the culture is：200-500rpm speed oscillation culture 5~7 days, preferably 300rpm's
Rotating speed.
Further, the fermented product obtained in the step 1 by the above-mentioned culture medium of the strain fermentation falls within this product
Protection domain.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the coarse extraction operation is preferably to obtain containing insecticidal activity metabolite
Nutrient solution carries out centrifugal filtration, separates supernatant and mycelium, then carries out insecticidal activity thing to supernatant and mycelium respectively
The separation and Extraction of matter, merge extract solution and concentrate, obtain the crude extract.
Preferably, the separating and extracting process of the supernatant is：By 20BV supernatant, it is big that HZ806 is led to 4BV/h flow velocitys
After macroporous adsorbent resin absorption, with the alcohol water blend of 2 times of column volumes 20%, the removal of impurity is gone in the elution of 2BV/h flow velocitys, then uses 2.5BV
50% alcohol water blend 2BV/h elution, collect eluent.
Preferably, the mycelial separating and extracting process is：By mycelium mistake after alcohol-pickled 24 hours of 70%
Filter, filtrate is collected, the process is repeated twice, and then concentrates filtrate and removes alcohol, then with twice of isometric extracting n-butyl alcohol, receives
Collect and be associated with organic phase extracted solution.
Preferably, the method for the concentration is：Constant weight is concentrated into 55 DEG C, -0.1Mpa vacuum rotary evaporators.
The theme of the second aspect of the present invention is the insecticide active substance that a kind of preparation method described above is prepared.
Further, a kind of insecticide can be further prepared in the insecticide active substance.
The theme of the third aspect of the present invention is a kind of application of insecticide active substance described above, be included in Bemisia tabaci and
Application in terms of strawberry red spider preventing and treating.
Insecticide active substance contained by a kind of secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium involved in the present invention, to people and animals
Nontoxicity, and meet ecological, environmental protective requirement.After tested, insecticide active substance involved in the present invention target when in use
By force, by the 8% of preparation primary extract cream preparation dilute 500 times, to the eradicative rate of Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider up to 90% with
On.Meanwhile the primary extract preserves 2 years at normal temperatures, still with virulence.There is the crude extract of insecticidal activity in the present invention
Chemical stability it is strong, pH=2.0~11.0, temperature be 10~100 DEG C under the conditions of have to Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider
Killing action.
It can be seen that the advantage of the invention is that the preventing and treating that trialeurodes vaporariorum and strawberry red spider are carried out using the bacterial strain safely may be used
Lean on, do not produce poisoning, do not endanger human health, it is free from environmental pollution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the conspectus of the coarse extraction operation in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method that insecticide active substance is prepared from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium, its
It is characterised by, including：
Step 1：Liquid fermentation is carried out to the long shoot trichoderma bacterium that can produce insecticide active substance, obtained containing insecticidal activity generation
Thank to the nutrient solution of product；
Step 2：The obtained nutrient solution containing insecticidal activity metabolite is subjected to coarse extraction operation, obtains insecticidal activity
The crude extract of material.
Further, methods described is also killed including the crude extract of the insecticide active substance is processed further into obtained one kind
The step 3 of worm agent, is specifically included：Use the general solid phase liquid phase of agricultural chemicals known in the art and emulsifying agent dispersion moistening
The various carriers such as agent, be configured to the insecticide of any formulation, preferably be selected from missible oil, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agent,
Any one in suspension emulsion, effervescent tablet, it is highly preferred that be further properly added including dispersant, wetting agent, emulsifying agent,
Bleeding agent, sticker, defoamer, foaming agent, thickener, any one or a few the auxiliary agent in stabilizer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 1, the long shoot trichoderma bacterium of insecticide active substance will can be produced by specifically including
Inoculation is cultivated into liquid fermentation medium.
The long shoot trichoderma bacteria strain is China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC)
Preservation, preserving number are CGMCC No.8723 bacterial strain.
The component of the culture medium includes：5g/L peptones, 30g/L sucrose, 2g/L beef extracts, 0.25g/L magnesium sulfate,
0.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphates；Wherein, corresponding to the concentration of the peptone, sucrose, beef extract, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Volume is the volume of culture medium.
The temperature of the culture is 25~30 DEG C.
The mode of the culture is：200-500rpm speed oscillation culture 5~7 days, preferably 300rpm rotating speed.
Further, the fermented product obtained in the step 1 by the above-mentioned culture medium of the strain fermentation falls within this product
Protection domain.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the coarse extraction operation is preferably to obtain containing insecticidal activity metabolite
Nutrient solution carries out centrifugal filtration, separates supernatant and mycelium, then carries out insecticidal activity thing to supernatant and mycelium respectively
The separation and Extraction of matter, merge extract solution and concentrate, obtain the crude extract.
The separating and extracting process of the supernatant is：By 20BV supernatant, HZ806 macroporous absorptions are led to 4BV/h flow velocitys
After resin adsorption, with the alcohol water blend of 2 times of column volumes 20%, the removal of impurity, then 50% with 2.5BV are removed in the elution of 2BV/h flow velocitys
Alcohol water blend 2BV/h is eluted, and collects eluent.
The mycelial separating and extracting process is：By mycelium with filtering after alcohol-pickled 24 hours of 70%, collect
Filtrate, the process are repeated twice, and are then concentrated filtrate and are removed alcohol, then with twice of isometric extracting n-butyl alcohol, are collected and closed
And organic phase extract solution.
The method of the concentration is：Constant weight is concentrated into 55 DEG C, -0.1Mpa vacuum rotary evaporators.
Present invention also offers the insecticide active substance that a kind of preparation method described above is prepared.
Further, a kind of insecticide can be further prepared in the insecticide active substance.
Present invention also offers a kind of application of insecticide active substance described above, it is included in Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider
Application in terms of preventing and treating.
Following examples are only used for citing to be further expalined and illustrate to technical scheme.
Embodiment 1 --- the preparation of the nutrient solution containing insecticidal activity metabolite
(1) microbiology laboratory conventional culture methods are first according to, picking is stored in the length in 20% glycerol tube on a small quantity
Branch Trichoderma fungus block is inoculated in PDA plate surface, and 26 DEG C are cultivated four days, stand-by as the strain of shake flask fermentation culture；
(2) 20L fluid nutrient mediums are prepared, are sub-packed in 100 1000mL triangular flask, are 200ml per bottled doses, from
Right pH, 121 DEG C of 20min that sterilize, it is standby after cooling,
Wherein, the fluid nutrient medium is 100g peptones, 600g sucrose, 40g beef extracts, 5g magnesium sulfate, 10g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphates
Hydrogen potassium, add distilled water to 20L；
(3) under aseptic technique, stand-by PDA plate surface Trichoderma spore is scraped, is inoculated in and has sterilized, equipped with liquid
In the triangular flask of body culture medium, it is positioned on 30 DEG C of shaking tables and cultivates, rotating speed 200rpm, cultivates 6 days, it is stand-by.
The preparation of the crude extract of embodiment 2 --- insecticide active substance
The tunning of above-mentioned long shoot trichoderma bacteria liquid culture medium is subjected to centrifugal filtration first, obtains 16L filtrates and 3L
Mycelium；After gained filtrate is adsorbed with 3.2L/h flow velocity by 800ml HZ806 macroporous resin columns, with the wine of 2L 20%
The smart aqueous solution, the removal of impurity is gone with the elution of 1.6L/h flow velocitys, then with the alcohol water blends of 2L 50%, eluted and collected with 1.6L/h flow velocitys
Active insecticidal components；Gained mycelium 70% alcohol-pickled 24hr of 3L, filtering, filter residue is with alcohol-pickled by 3L 70%
24hr, merges filtrate twice, and filtrate concentration is removed after alcohol with isometric extracting n-butyl alcohol 2 times；Finally n-butanol is mutually lived
Property liquid merges with the above ethanol eluate of macroporous absorbent resin 70%, is condensed into crude extract 30g.
A kind of embodiment 3 --- preparation of missible oil
The crude extract 8g obtained in Example 2, dissolved with 30ml ethanol, add 40ml sec-Butyl Acetates and 20ml diformazans
Benzene hydrotropy, finally add 10ml emulsifying agent SP-4099, produce the missible oil that 100ml contents are 8%.
A kind of embodiment 4 --- preparation of wettable powder
Crude extract 50g in Example 2, with 2g NNO, 4g sodium lignin sulfonates, 4g neopelexes and
40g diatomite co-grindings, produce the wettable powder that 100g contents are 50%.
A kind of embodiment 5 --- preparation of water dispersible granules
10 parts of crude extracts in Example 2, with 6 parts of lignin naphthalene sulfonates, 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 5 portions of mannitol, 5 parts of fat
Fat alcohol sulfuric ester salt, 36 parts of white carbons, 36 parts of kaolin are well mixed, and Ultramicro-powder is ground into through micro jet, are added
In fluidized bed pelletizer.With 15 parts of aqueous solution for containing 10% adhesive (water-soluble polyethylene glycol), made in 50-70 DEG C of fluid bed
Granulating and drying is carried out in grain machine, product is obtained after screening.
A kind of embodiment 6 --- preparation of suspending agent
30 parts of crude extract in Example 2, add 0.5 part of xanthans, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of lignosulfonates, 1
After part lauryl sodium sulfate, 0.5 part of precipitated calcium carbonate, 5 parts of glycerine, 64 parts of deionized waters mixing, using wet method Ultramicro-powder
Broken method is sanded, filters and produces product.
A kind of embodiment 7 --- preparation of effervescent tablet
10 parts of crude extract in Example 2, add 20 parts of citric acids, 20 parts of sodium acid carbonates, 2 parts of pull open powders, 2 parts of BY,
10 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, 30 parts of lactose mixing, a setting is made by crushing, being granulated, then with tablet press machine
Product is drying to obtain after shape.
Application Example 8 --- insecticidal activity is tested
1st, experimental design
8% cream preparation prepared according to embodiment 3, carries out indoor trialeurodes vaporariorum and strawberry red spider controlling experiment.Experiment
Three concentration are set altogether, and using clear water as control, each processing 3 is parallel.
(1) trialeurodes vaporariorum Toxicity Determination
Diameter 22mm Pepper Leaves are taken with card punch, 10s in the medicament of various concentrations are then immersed in, after blade dries
It is added to (diameter 22mm, length 78mm) in the vial equipped with the agar of 3ml 2%, adult is put into wherein, each parallel 30
Head, tampon beyond the Great Wall, the survival rates of Bemisia tabaci adults is determined after 48h.
(2) red spider Toxicity Determination
Using blade infusion process, the Strawberry Leaves with strawberry red spider are immersed into 30s in various concentrations decoction, take out leaf
Piece simultaneously sucks unnecessary decoction with blotting paper.Each parallel guarantee strawberry red spider 30 or so.Blade is finally put into clean, temperature
In the culture dish of humidity suitable (25 DEG C of normal temperature).Strawberry red spider adult death condition is checked after 12h under binocular anatomical lens, is used
Dissecting needle gently touches strawberry red spider, and the motionless person of body is death.
2nd, experimental result
As a result respectively as shown in table 1, table 2, from table 1, table 2, the long shoot trichoderma bacterium is to Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider
Extremely strong killing activity is respectively provided with, under the concentration that 8% cream preparation dilutes 500 times, killing rate is more than 90%.This experiment
As a result prove that the tunning of long shoot trichoderma bacterium involved in the present invention has and preferably kill trialeurodes vaporariorum and red spider activity, can be with
Preparation for microbial pesticide insecticide.
Analysis result of the cream preparation of table 1 8% to Bemisia tabaci
Analysis result of the cream preparation of table 28% to strawberry red spider
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, but it is intended only as example, it is of the invention and unlimited
It is formed on particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, it is any to the equivalent modifications that carry out of the present invention and
Substitute also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, the impartial conversion made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and
Modification, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of prepare the method for killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider material from the secondary metabolite of long shoot trichoderma bacterium,
It is characterised in that it includes：
Step 1：The long shoot trichoderma bacteria strain that Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider material are killed to that can produce is inoculated into liquid fermentation
Liquid fermentation is carried out in culture medium, is obtained containing the nutrient solution for killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider metabolite；
Step 2：Coarse extraction operation is carried out containing the nutrient solution for killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider metabolite by what is obtained,
Obtain killing the crude extract of Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider material；
The long shoot trichoderma bacteria strain is protected for China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC)
Hide, preserving number is CGMCC No.8723 bacterial strain；
The coarse extraction operation is to be carried out what is obtained containing the nutrient solution for killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry active spider metabolite
Centrifugal filtration, supernatant and mycelium are separated, then respectively supernatant and mycelium are carried out killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider
The separation and Extraction of active material, merge extract solution and concentrate, obtain the crude extract；
The separating and extracting process of the supernatant is：By 20BV supernatant, HZ806 macroporous absorbent resins are led to 4BV/h flow velocitys
After absorption, with the alcohol water blend of 2 times of column volumes 20%, the removal of impurity, then 50% alcohol with 2.5BV are removed in the elution of 2BV/h flow velocitys
Aqueous solution 2BV/h is eluted, and collects eluent；
The mycelial separating and extracting process is：By mycelium with filtering after alcohol-pickled 24 hours of 70%, filtrate is collected,
The process is repeated twice, and is then concentrated filtrate and is removed alcohol, then with twice of isometric extracting n-butyl alcohol, is collected and merged organic
Phase extract solution.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes killing Bemisia tabaci and strawberry spider by described
The crude extract of spider active material is processed further that a kind of step 3 of insecticide is made, and specifically includes：Using known in the art
The general solid phase liquid phase of agricultural chemicals and the various carriers such as emulsifying agent dispersion moisture agent, be configured to the insecticide of any formulation.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the formulation is selected from missible oil, water dispersible granules, wettable powder
Any one in agent, suspending agent, suspension emulsion, effervescent tablet.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the component of the culture medium includes：5g/L peptones, 30g/L
Sucrose, 2g/L beef extracts, 0.25g/L magnesium sulfate, 0.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphates；Wherein, the peptone, sucrose, beef extract, sulphur
Volume corresponding to the concentration of sour magnesium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is the volume of culture medium；The temperature of the culture is 25~30 DEG C；Institute
Stating the mode of culture is：200-500rpm speed oscillation culture 5~7 days.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the method for the concentration is：In 55 DEG C, -0.1Mpa vacuum is revolved
Turn to be concentrated into constant weight in evaporimeter.
What 6. a kind of preparation method as described in claim 1-5 any one was prepared kills Bemisia tabaci and the work of strawberry red spider
Property material.
What 7. a kind of preparation method as described in claim 1-5 any one was prepared kills Bemisia tabaci and the work of strawberry red spider
The application of property material, it is included in the application in terms of Bemisia tabaci and strawberry red spider preventing and treating.
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| CN107549198A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-01-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of biocontrol microorganisms long shoot trichoderma T6 water dispersible granules |
| CN110506755A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-29 | 上海万力华生物科技有限公司 | A kind of trichoderma biopesticide effervescent tablet and preparation method thereof |
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