CN105006105A - Eye state identification device and eye state identification method based on infrared detection - Google Patents
Eye state identification device and eye state identification method based on infrared detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105006105A CN105006105A CN201510469420.9A CN201510469420A CN105006105A CN 105006105 A CN105006105 A CN 105006105A CN 201510469420 A CN201510469420 A CN 201510469420A CN 105006105 A CN105006105 A CN 105006105A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/06—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms
Abstract
An eye state identification device and an eye state identification method based on infrared detection are provided. The eye state identification device comprises an infrared transmitting module and an infrared receiving module which are arranged around an eye. The infrared transmitting module and the infrared receiving module are connected with a single chip microcomputer module, and the single chip microcomputer module is connected with a positioning module. The single chip microcomputer module is further connected with a communication module and an alarm module. According to the eye state identification device and the eye state identification method based on infrared detection, the eye movement is monitored by transmitting infrared light actively and detecting the intensity of reflected light in different eye positions based on the fact that different optical surfaces have different reflectivity to infrared light. The device and the method have the characteristics of simple structure, small size, a small amount of calculation, and good real-time performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image-recognizing method, particularly a kind of Eye states recognition device and method based on infrared acquisition.
Background technology
There is at present multiple detection measured whether Consciousness the detection method of early warning, such as: the state of consciousness of people is judged to the detection of behavioural characteristic (head movement, eye motion, gaze-direction etc.), physiological parameter (electroencephalogram, cardiogram, breath state, muscle activity etc.).In these detected parameters, eye motion applies maximum features, can be used for judging Consciousness degree to the identification of eye state.For motion or the state of eyes, there is multiple detection method.PERCLOS algorithm be namely to pupil diameter, gaze at stare, Rotation of eyeball, eyes closed time length etc. survey detection eye state.Iris recognition utilizes the gray scale of eye and shape information to block eyelid and eyelash to detect.Face is taken pictures or video acquisition, method based on image recognition extracts human eye area by various algorithm (as sample learning method, template matching method, eyelid curvature, Gray Projection, statistics etc.) and identifies from video image, judges the closure state of human eye.These methods all can carry out untouchable detection to human eye above, but technology is comparatively complicated, and operand is large, and recognition speed depends on picture processing chip arithmetic speed, and reaction velocity is comparatively slow, and volume is comparatively large, and it is higher to realize cost.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Eye states recognition device and method based on infrared acquisition, the character different to infrared light reflectance according to different optical surface, by initiatively launching infrared light, detection eye diverse location reflective light intensity monitors the action of eye.Possesses the feature that structure is simple, volume is little, calculated amount is little, real-time is good.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Based on an Eye states recognition device for infrared acquisition, comprise the infrared transmission module, the infrared receiving module that are arranged on around eyes, described infrared transmission module, infrared receiving module connect one-chip computer module, and one-chip computer module connects power module.Described one-chip computer module connects communication module, alarm module.
Described one-chip computer module comprises signal processing module, analog-to-digital conversion module, timing module, modulation module; Infrared receiving module connects analog-to-digital conversion module, and analog-to-digital conversion module connects timing module, the equal connection signal processing module of described analog-to-digital conversion module, timing module, and modulation module connects infrared transmission module.
Described communication module is Bluetooth data transfer module or wireless WIFI module.
Described infrared transmission module comprises infrarede emitting diode L1, for sending invisible infrared beam, and wavelength 0.7 μm-3 μm.
Described infrared receiving module comprises infrared receiving diode L2, for receiving the infrared light be reflected back by eyes different parts, and converts electric signal transmission to one-chip computer module.
Described infrared transmission module, infrared receiving module are arranged on spectacle frame.
Based on an eye state identification method for infrared acquisition, comprise the following steps:
Step one: infrared transmission module and infrared receiving module are placed in pairs, all aim at eyes.
Step 2: infrared transmission module sends invisible infrared light, one-chip computer module sends regulating impulse, drive infrared light to be periodically irradiated on eyes, infrared light is reflected by eyes different parts, is received and be converted to electric signal to give one-chip computer module by infrared receiving module.
Step 3: one-chip computer module is to double the frequency of modulation signal, the analog electrical signal that infrared receiving module spreads out of is sampled, analog electrical signal is changed into digital signal, put into pending signal buffer zone, adjacent double sampling result does subtraction process to remove bias light interference, again limit filtration is done to its result, reduce the impulse disturbances that accidentalia causes, obtain more level and smooth REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve.
Step 4: when the value on REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve is greater than predetermined threshold value, judge that eyes are in closure state, Status Flag is set to 1.When the value of REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve is less than predetermined threshold value, judge that eyes are in the state of opening, Status Flag is set to 0.With the timer conter that one-chip computer module carries, Status Flag duration, Status Flag number of recurrences are measured, counting and timing are carried out to consecutive identical Status Flag, exceed limiting time and can judge that current human eye is in closure state; Threshold determination is carried out to the number of times that Status Flag in a period of time 1 occurs, exceedes threshold value, namely judge that current human eye is in the state of narrowing;
Step 5: when human eye closure state exceedes limit value, one-chip computer module sends control signal, drives alarm module to report to the police, to play suggesting effect.
Step 6: one-chip computer module transfers to mobile phone or other equipment by communication module, to carry out remote monitoring or prompting detecting data.
In described step one, comprise positioning step: first aim at eyes with infrared transmission module and send infrared light, when human eye is blinked, the receiving light power of test infrared receiving module, has larger change then accurate positioning; Otherwise the angle of adjustment infrared transmission module and infrared receiving module, till aligning.
In described step 2, within a recurrence interval, during low level, infrared transmission module does not launch infrared light, and infrared receiving module only receives extraneous natural light, and the electric signal of transmission is bias light strength signal; During high level, infrared transmission module launches infrared light, and infrared receiving module receives the infrared light of extraneous natural light and reflection, and the electric signal of transmission is that bias light strength signal adds reflective infrared light intensity signal.
A kind of Eye states recognition device and method based on infrared acquisition of the present invention, technique effect is as follows:
1), detected object is direct, and testing result intuitively reflects the state of consciousness of people, simpler than existing image-recognizing method and be easy to realization in method.
2), active infrared light source covers human eye and irradiates, and based on point-to-area detection, easily to realize and device is simple, cost is low.
3), the inventive method only detects the reflects infrared light light intensity of measured target and transformation period, without other disturbing factors, detect and processing speed fast, the reaction time can reach hundreds of microsecond, is obviously better than conventional images recognition methods.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that principle of the present invention connects block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the present invention is REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve.
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention circuit diagrams; Wherein:
Fig. 3 (a) is one-chip computer module 4; Fig. 3 (b) is power module 8; Fig. 3 (c) is alarm module 7;
Fig. 3 (d) is infrared transmission module 2; Fig. 3 (e) is A/D switching reference voltages module;
Fig. 3 (f) is infrared receiving module 3; Fig. 3 (g) is Bluetooth data transfer module RDA5868.
Embodiment
Principle analysis:
If infrared light supply luminous intensity is I, it is the luminous flux of light source on unit solid angle.The area of infrared light supply is S, and the distance to eyes is r, and the illuminated area of eyes is S ', supposes that the illuminated area of eyelid is S
l', the illuminated area of cornea is S
j', S '=S
l'+S
j'.Eyelid and cornea are different to infrared light reflectance, if Eyelid reflex rate is R
l, cornea reflectivity is R
j, both all regard approximate cosine radiator as, then the light intensity that infrared remote receiver receives is:
From above formula, when eyes are opened, infrared light major part is radiated on cornea, and the infrared light intensity be reflected back determines primarily of the reflectivity of cornea; When the eyes are occluded, infrared light major part is radiated on eyelid, and the infrared light intensity be reflected back determines primarily of the reflectivity of eyelid; When eyes are narrowed, infrared portions is radiated on cornea, and partial illumination is on eyelid, and the infrared light intensity be reflected back is determined jointly by the reflectivity of cornea and eyelid.Because eyelid and cornea are to the difference of infrared reflectivity, the infrared light intensity that different reflective surface is returned is inconsistent.When eyes are opened, infrared light is substantially by corneal reflection, and reflective light intensity is maximum; During eyes closed, infrared light is substantially by Eyelid reflex, and reflective light intensity is minimum; When eyes are narrowed, infrared light is by cornea and eyelid sub reflector, and reflective light intensity is between the former two.
What can judge current human eye according to the light-intensity difference received opens/closure state.Detect the duration of receiving light power: under normal circumstances, human eye is opened, and average 2-6 blinks 1 time second, each 0.2 ~ 0.4 second used time of nictation; ; When people is tired, eyes can accelerate blink speed in spite of oneself based on protective effect, to ensure normal vision; When entering more further fatigue state, meeting is frequent blinking or prolongation eyes closed time more.According to eyes eyelid and cornea to infrared light reflectance, when human eye is when opening eyes, closing one's eyes, blink and narrowing, different parts can detect the closure state of current human eye to the difference of infrared light reflection light intensity, can current human eye action state to the detection of the situation of change of Different Red external reflection light, jointly judge the state of consciousness as forefathers by both: clear-headed or tired.
As shown in Figure 2, when people's emmetropia is opened, cornea infrared reflectivity is low, and the reflected light received is less, and waveform is comparatively steady, can produce sharp-pointed reflection peak during nictation; When human eye is narrowed, the reflected light received changes greatly, and change rapidly; When human eye closes, Eyelid reflex rate is high, and the reflected light received is comparatively large, and waveform is more steady.Therefore the waveform by judging to accept light intensity can judge the state of current human eye.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition, comprise the infrared transmission module 2, the infrared receiving module 3 that are arranged on around eyes 1, described infrared transmission module 2, infrared receiving module 3 connect one-chip computer module 4, and one-chip computer module 4 connects locating module 5.Described one-chip computer module 4 connects communication module 5, alarm module 6.Power module 7 is powered for described modules.
Described one-chip computer module 4 comprises signal processing module 4.1, analog-to-digital conversion module 4.2, timing module 4.3, modulation module 4.4; Infrared receiving module 3 connects analog-to-digital conversion module 4.2, and analog-to-digital conversion module 4.2 connects timing module 4.3, and described analog-to-digital conversion module 4.2, timing module 4.3 be connection signal processing module 4.1 all, and modulation module 4.4 connects infrared transmission module 2.
Described communication module 5 is Bluetooth data transfer module or wireless WIFI module.
Infrared transmission module 2 comprises infrarede emitting diode, and send invisible infrared beam (wavelength 0.7um-3um) with conical forward direction, subcircular cross section is irradiated on eyes 1.When closing one's eyes, Infrared irradiation is on eyelid; When opening eyes, Infrared irradiation is on cornea; When human eye is narrowed, a part of Infrared irradiation is on eyelid, and another part is irradiated on eyeball.For reducing the impact of bias light, in one-chip computer module 4, modulation module 4.4 sends square-wave modulation signal, modulates infrared transmitter, modulating frequency 20K-80KHz.Infrared receiving module 3 adopts infrared receiving diode to realize, and is responsible for receiving the infrared light that is reflected back by eyes different parts, and converts electric signal to and pass to signal processing module 4.1, analog-to-digital conversion module 4.2.One-chip computer module 4 controls alarm module 6 according to testing result, simultaneously easily extensible communication module 5, and detection data are sent to other equipment by wireless transmission method (as bluetooth, WIFI), so that monitoring or prompting.
Based on an eye state identification method for infrared acquisition, implementation step is as follows, as shown in Figure 3:
Step 1: infrared transmission module 2 and infrared receiving module 3 are fixed on around eyes 1, as being arranged in eyeglasses frame.During installation, infrared transmission module 2 and infrared receiving module 3 are placed in pairs, all aim at eyes.In order to measure transmitting and receiver module whether aim at eyes, need to position infrared transmitting tube L1 and infrared receiving tube L2.First aim at eyes 1 with infrared transmitting tube L1 and send infrared light, when human eye is blinked, the receiving light power of test infrared receiving tube L2, has larger change then accurate positioning, otherwise the angle of adjustment infrared transmitting tube L1 and infrared receiving tube L2 is till aligning.
Step 2: in power module 7, C1 and C2 does filter capacitor, and button cell does power supply, to improve the movability of device, and provides power supply for other circuit comprising single-chip microcomputer.
Step 3: infrared transmitting tube L1 sends invisible infrared light, the drive current of resistance R2 to infrared light regulates, and single-chip microcomputer sends 38KHz regulating impulse from PB3 pin, drives infrared light to be periodically irradiated on eyes.Infrared light is reflected by eyes different parts, is received and be converted to the PB4 pin that electric signal gives single-chip microcomputer by infrared receiving tube L2.Within a recurrence interval, during low level, infrared transmitting tube L1 does not launch infrared light, and infrared receiving tube L2 only receives extraneous natural light, and the electric signal of transmission is bias light strength signal; During high level, infrared transmitting tube L1 launches infrared light, and infrared receiving tube L2 receives the infrared light of extraneous natural light and reflection, and the electric signal of transmission is that bias light adds reflective infrared light intensity signal.
Step 4: the PB4 pin of single-chip microcomputer, to double the frequency of modulation signal, is sampled to the analog electrical signal that infrared receiving tube L2 spreads out of.According to the reference voltage VREF that A/D switching reference voltages module provides, analog electrical signal is changed into digital signal and puts into pending signal buffer zone, adjacent double sampling result does subtraction process to remove bias light interference, then does limit filtration to its result.The upper limit can be taken as 1.2 times of Eyelid reflex light intensity, and lower limit can be taken as 0.8 times of corneal reflection light intensity, also other values desirable, reduces the impulse disturbances that accidentalia causes, obtains more level and smooth REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve.
Fig. 2 is REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve, and transverse axis is real-time pendulous frequency, i.e. sampled point number of times, and the longitudinal axis is receiving light power, and this light intensity value has removed bias light interference.As seen from the figure, eye state close one's eyes, blink and narrow time light intensity curve be not identical.During eye closing, infrared light is by Eyelid reflex, and reflectivity is higher, and the light intensity value received is high.During nictation, because catacleisis opens speed soon, it is the light intensity that Eyelid reflex returns that the light intensity of reception is only sampled several times in certain sampling or certain, and light intensity value is high, and remainder receiving light power is reflected by cornea, and light intensity value is low.When narrowing, eyelid is frequently agitated, and infrared light both by Eyelid reflex, may be reflected by cornea again, and the light intensity value of sampling has and fluctuates more frequently, and change obviously.
Step 5: data processing is carried out to REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve.When the value on real-time detection curve is greater than predetermined threshold value (being usually set to opens eyes and close one's eyes measures 1/2 of difference, also can be set as other values), judge that eyes are in closure state, Status Flag is set to 1; When the value on real-time detection curve is less than predetermined threshold value, judge that eyes are in the state of opening, Status Flag is set to 0.The timer conter carried with single-chip microcomputer 1 was measured Status Flag duration and Status Flag number of recurrences, counting and timing are carried out to consecutive identical Status Flag, exceed limiting time (such as: closed-eye time was more than 0.4 second, can judge that human eye is in closure state) can judge that current human eye is in closure state, threshold determination is carried out to the number of times that (as 0.1s) Status Flag 1 in a period of time occurs, exceed threshold value (as: 5-10 time), namely judge that current human eye is in the state of narrowing.
Step 6: when human eye closure state exceedes limit value (as: 0.4 second), single-chip microcomputer sends control signal by PB2 pin and drives hummer Q1 to report to the police, to play suggesting effect.
Step 7: single-chip microcomputer is sent to Bluetooth chip detecting data by serial port PB1, by Bluetooth data transfer module RDA5868, data is transferred to mobile phone or other equipment, to carry out remote monitoring or prompting.
Claims (10)
1. the Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition, comprise and be arranged on eyes (1) infrared transmission module (2), infrared receiving module (3) around, it is characterized in that, described infrared transmission module (2), infrared receiving module (3) connect one-chip computer module (4), and one-chip computer module (4) connects power module (7).
2. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described one-chip computer module (4) connects communication module (5), alarm module (6).
3. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described one-chip computer module (4) comprises signal processing module (4.1), analog-to-digital conversion module (4.2), timing module (4.3), modulation module (4.4); Modulation module (4.4) connects infrared transmission module (2); Infrared receiving module (3) connects analog-to-digital conversion module (4.2), and analog-to-digital conversion module (4.2) connects timing module (4.3), and described analog-to-digital conversion module (4.2), timing module (4.3) be connection signal processing module (4.1) all.
4. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described communication module (5) is Bluetooth data transfer module or wireless WIFI module.
5. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described infrared transmission module (2) comprises infrarede emitting diode L1, for sending invisible infrared beam, wavelength 0.7 μm-3 μm.
6. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described infrared receiving module (3) comprises infrared receiving diode L2, for receiving the infrared light be reflected back by eyes different parts, and convert electric signal transmission to one-chip computer module (4).
7. a kind of Eye states recognition device based on infrared acquisition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described infrared transmission module (2), infrared receiving module (3) are arranged on spectacle frame.
8., based on an eye state identification method for infrared acquisition, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one: infrared transmission module (2) and infrared receiving module (3) are placed in pairs, all aim at eyes (1);
Step 2: infrared transmission module (2) sends invisible infrared light, one-chip computer module (4) sends regulating impulse, infrared light is driven periodically to be irradiated on eyes, infrared light is reflected by eyes different parts, is received and be converted to electric signal to give one-chip computer module (4) by infrared receiving module (3);
Step 3: one-chip computer module (4) is to double the frequency of modulation signal, the analog electrical signal that infrared receiving module (3) spreads out of is sampled, analog electrical signal is changed into digital signal, put into pending signal buffer zone, adjacent double sampling result does subtraction process to remove bias light interference, again limit filtration is done to its result, reduce the impulse disturbances that accidentalia causes, obtain more level and smooth REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve;
Step 4: when the value on REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve is greater than predetermined threshold value, judge that eyes are in closure state, Status Flag is set to 1;
When the value of REAL TIME INFRARED THERMAL IMAGE luminous intensity measurement curve is less than predetermined threshold value, judge that eyes are in the state of opening, Status Flag is set to 0; With the timer conter that one-chip computer module (4) carries, Status Flag duration, Status Flag number of recurrences are measured, counting and timing are carried out to consecutive identical Status Flag, exceed limiting time and can judge that current human eye is in closure state; Threshold determination is carried out to the number of times that Status Flag in a period of time 1 occurs, exceedes threshold value, namely judge that current human eye is in the state of narrowing;
Step 5: when human eye closure state exceedes limit value, one-chip computer module (4) sends control signal, drives alarm module (7) to report to the police, to play suggesting effect;
Step 6: one-chip computer module (4) transfers to mobile phone or other equipment, to carry out remote monitoring or prompting detection data by communication module (5).
9. a kind of eye state identification method based on infrared acquisition according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, in described step one, comprise positioning step: first use infrared transmission module (2) to aim at eyes (1) and send infrared light, the receiving light power of test infrared receiving module (3) when human eye is blinked, has larger change then accurate positioning; Otherwise the angle of adjustment infrared transmission module (2) and infrared receiving module (3), till aligning.
10. a kind of eye state identification method based on infrared acquisition according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, within a recurrence interval, during low level, infrared transmission module (2) does not launch infrared light, infrared receiving module (3) only receives extraneous natural light, and the electric signal of transmission is bias light strength signal; During high level, infrared transmission module (2) launches infrared light, and infrared receiving module (3) receives the infrared light of extraneous natural light and reflection, and the electric signal of transmission is that bias light strength signal adds reflective infrared light intensity signal.
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