CN105003180A - Passive, self-driven, multifunctional, intelligent and energy-saving window - Google Patents

Passive, self-driven, multifunctional, intelligent and energy-saving window Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105003180A
CN105003180A CN201510451127.XA CN201510451127A CN105003180A CN 105003180 A CN105003180 A CN 105003180A CN 201510451127 A CN201510451127 A CN 201510451127A CN 105003180 A CN105003180 A CN 105003180A
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China
Prior art keywords
window
window body
body frame
sensor
fixed
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CN201510451127.XA
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CN105003180B (en
Inventor
帅永
洪家荣
徐军忠
陈浩
张勇
汤楚蘅
陈润欣
谈和平
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive, self-driven, multifunctional and intelligent energy-saving window, belongs to the technical field of energy-saving windows and aims at solving the problem of large heat loss of external building windows in building energy consumption. A window body comprises an external window body frame, an internal window frame, sandwiched side walls and window glass, the external window body frame, the internal window body frame and the sandwiched side walls form the window body of a groove structure, the window glass is fixed on both the external window body frame and the internal window body frame, one temperature difference power generating piece is fixed on the internal wall of the external window body frame, another temperature difference power generating piece is fixed on the inner wall of the internal window body frame, and a heat radiating plate is connected between the temperature difference power generating pieces in a clamped manner and fixed to the sandwiched side walls; a photovoltaic power generating piece is adhered on the external wall of the external window body frame, a multi-source electric energy collector is fixed on the external surface of each sandwiched side wall, a single chip microcomputer is fixed on the external surface of the internal window body frame, a VO2 thin film covers the internal-side surface of the window glass on the internal window body frame, and electric heating lines which are distributed in a snakelike manner are arranged on the surface of the VO2 thin film. The window is energy saving.

Description

Passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window
Technical field
The present invention relates to passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window, belong to energy saving window technical field.
Background technology
In China, from the formation of social energy-consuming, building energy consumption, industrial energy consumption and traffic energy consumption have formed the gesture of significantly standing like the legs of a tripod, and wherein building energy consumption has reached 33% of energy consumption total amount, and the heat consumption of external window of building accounts for 40% ~ 50% of whole building energy consumption.Adopt high-effective energy-saving window, effectively can reduce the thermal losses of external window of building.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve the problem that in building energy consumption, the thermal losses of external window of building is large, providing a kind of passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window.
Passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window of the present invention, it comprises window body, two plate thermo-electric generation sheets, photovoltaic generation sheet, heat sink, multi-source power collector, VO 2film, heating wire and single-chip microcomputer,
Window body comprises forms housing, forms inside casing, interlayer sidewall and window glass, and forms housing, forms inside casing and interlayer sidewall form the window body of groove structure, and forms housing and forms inside casing are fixed with window glass respectively;
One plate thermo-electric generation sheet is fixed on the inwall of forms housing, and another plate thermo-electric generation sheet is fixed on the inwall of forms inside casing, and heat sink clamping connection between two plate thermo-electric generation sheets, and fixes with interlayer sidewall; Photovoltaic generation sheet is attached on the outer wall of forms housing, and multi-source power collector is fixed on the external surface of interlayer sidewall, and single-chip microcomputer is fixed on the external surface of forms inside casing;
On forms inside casing window glass inner surface on be coated with VO 2film, VO 2the surface of film is evenly arranged the heating wire of snakelike arrangement;
The electric energy output end of thermo-electric generation sheet connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector, the electric energy output end of photovoltaic generation sheet connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector, multi-source power collector provides working power for heating wire and single-chip microcomputer, and the control system of switching on or off electricity signal input part of heating wire connects the control system of switching on or off electricity signal output part of single-chip microcomputer.
It also comprises USB interface, and USB interface is arranged on forms inside casing,
Multi-source power collector exports through USB interface after being changed by the electric energy of collection.
It also comprises Smoke Sensor, indoor temperature transmitter, light intensity sensor, infrared sensor, outdoor temperature sensor and ZigBee sensor assembly,
Smoke Sensor and indoor temperature transmitter are arranged on the external surface of forms inside casing, light intensity sensor, infrared sensor and outdoor temperature sensor are arranged on the external surface of forms housing, and the sensing data of Smoke Sensor, indoor temperature transmitter, light intensity sensor, infrared sensor and outdoor temperature sensor passes to single-chip microcomputer through ZigBee sensor assembly; And ZigBee sensor assembly provides working power by multi-source power collector.
Described heating wire by fire resistant heat preserving glass fiber and the coiling of constantan heater wire, and is formed after its external surface coated Si rubber heat-resistant insulating layer.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention exists 20 ~ 40 degree of temperature difference in indoor and outdoor, or in the good situation of outdoor sunshine condition, utilizes thermo-electric generation and photovoltaic generation, for energy saving window provides the energy.The present invention quotes the theory of Smart Home in energy saving window field, uses ZigBee wireless transmission, VO 2thin film phase change, Intelligent Single-Chip Based control, and by certain measure, realize the Self Adaptive Control of window heat turnover, it significantly improves the energy-saving effect of external window of building, forms can be allowed again to realize multiple utility function simultaneously.
The present invention is by electrothermal drive VO 2thin film phase change Self Adaptive Control window heat passes in and out, and adopts Single Chip MC in Embedded System and ZigBee Radio Transmission Technology to realize window intellectuality.VO 2thin film phase change can Intelligent adjustment interior temperature, reduces the energy consumption of chiller plant, heating equipment, to reach the object of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Adopt Radio Transmission Technology can Control Room internal and external environment provide visualized data in real time by host computer interface programming.Apparatus of the present invention without the need to extra energy supply, non-pollution discharge, environmental protection.Apparatus module, cost is low, applied widely, have sunlight, inside and outside there is the temperature difference window just can use.
The present invention, under the condition not affecting window glazed area, successfully produces electric energy, and can be used for and use to daily life low power electric appliance; ZigBee sensor assembly, by networking, can realizing the data acquisition to whole building, when without the need to additionally powering, realizing the multiple utility functions such as intelligent security is antitheft, fire monitoring, statistics for building energy consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the outdoor side structure schematic diagram of passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the indoor structural representation of passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window described in present embodiment, it comprises window body 1, two plate thermo-electric generation sheet 2, photovoltaic generation sheet 3, heat sink 4, multi-source power collector 5, VO 2film 6, heating wire 7 and single-chip microcomputer 8,
Window body 1 comprises forms housing, forms inside casing, interlayer sidewall and window glass, and forms housing, forms inside casing and interlayer sidewall form the window body 1 of groove structure, and forms housing and forms inside casing are fixed with window glass respectively;
One plate thermo-electric generation sheet 2 is fixed on the inwall of forms housing, and another plate thermo-electric generation sheet 2 is fixed on the inwall of forms inside casing, and heat sink 4 clamping connection between two plate thermo-electric generation sheets 2, and fixes with interlayer sidewall; Photovoltaic generation sheet 3 is attached on the outer wall of forms housing, and multi-source power collector 5 is fixed on the external surface of interlayer sidewall, and single-chip microcomputer 8 is fixed on the external surface of forms inside casing;
On forms inside casing window glass inner surface on be coated with VO 2film 6, VO 2the surface of film 6 is evenly arranged the heating wire 7 of snakelike arrangement;
The electric energy output end of thermo-electric generation sheet 2 connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector 5, the electric energy output end of photovoltaic generation sheet 3 connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector 5, multi-source power collector 5 provides working power for heating wire 7 and single-chip microcomputer 8, and the control system of switching on or off electricity signal input part of heating wire 7 connects the control system of switching on or off electricity signal output part of single-chip microcomputer 8.
In present embodiment, thermo-electric generation sheet 2 adopts SP1848-27145SA semiconductor temperature differential generating sheet, and its length and width are all 40mm, and thickness is 4mm, and heat sink 4 cross section length and width are consistent with generating sheet, and thickness can adjust with window frame thickness.The arrangement of two plate thermo-electric generation sheets 2 and heat sink 4, sheet being suitable in season in summer in winter two that generate electricity can be ensured, itself and window frame form interference fit, namely along the length sum of thermo-electric generation sheet 2 and heat sink 4 thickness direction slightly larger than window frame thickness, increase the stress of thermo-electric generation sheet 2, its generating efficiency can be improved.The long 600mm of window body 1, wide 400mm, window frame width 44mm, window frame thickness 76mm.In practical application, window body 1 length and width size can adjust with window hole size, but window frame width should be more than or equal to 44mm, to guarantee to embed thermo-electric generation sheet 2, window frame thickness should adapt with the window-glass number of plies and thickness, but window frame thickness is unsuitable excessive, avoid increasing heat sink thickness, increase consumption of materials, window frame thickness should get 60 ~ 100mm.
Multi-source power collector 5 is in order to make electronic device energy reasonable Arrangement on it, and length, width and height can not be too small; In order to embed in window frame by multi-source power collector 5, length, width and height can not be excessive, can choose: long 80 ~ 110mm, wide 50 ~ 70mm, high 30 ~ 40mm.Multi-source power collector 5 inside have mu balanced circuit, can charge-discharge lithium battery and USB delivery outlet.Charge-discharge lithium battery can adopt four joints, 3.7 volts of 8800mA lithium batteries.Multi-source power collector 5 can carry out Technics of Power Electronic Conversion to the electric energy that two plate thermo-electric generation sheets 2, photovoltaic generation sheet 3 produce, and reaches daily life electricity consumption requirement, by obtaining the power output of 5W after conversion.
Single-chip microcomputer 8 is STM32 single-chip microcomputer, and its chip model is F103, and it is used for controlling the power on/off of heating wire 7.SCM system board size is long 98mm, wide 80mm, can communicate with ZigBee sensor assembly 14.Single-chip microcomputer has a block length 60mm, wide 50mm, the LED display of Pixel Dimensions 240 × 320, utilizes the display screen of STM32 single-chip microcomputer to show every data of sensor detection in real time.
When outside temperature is higher than interior temperature, the heat produced because of solar radiation to pass to the thermo-electric generation sheet 2 of outside by window body 1, its hot-side temperature is raised, heat leaves through heat sink 4, avoid thermo-electric generation sheet 2 cold junction temperature to raise, make the thermo-electric generation sheet 2 of outside produce the temperature difference, and then produce electric energy, it can reduce the surface temperature of photovoltaic generation sheet 3, improves the electricity conversion of photovoltaic generation sheet 3.Thermo-electric generation sheet 2 generated output when the temperature difference 40 DEG C is 0.45 watt, photovoltaic generation sheet 3 by day time generated output be 0.5 watt.Equally, when interior temperature is higher than outside temperature, indoor heat passes to the thermo-electric generation sheet 2 of indoor by window body 1, its hot-side temperature is raised, heat leaves through heat sink 4, avoid thermo-electric generation sheet 2 cold junction temperature to raise, make the thermo-electric generation sheet 2 of indoor produce the temperature difference, and then produce electric energy.
Multi-source power collector 5 is primarily of compositions such as batteries, decompression voltage regulator and blocking diodes.Its circuit relevant parameter is calculated by following formula:
Output filter designs:
F p = 1 2 π L o u t × c o u t ,
In formula: F p-frequency filtering;
L out-outputting inductance;
C out-output capacitance.
Inductance crest voltage calculates:
I p - p = V o u t V i n ( max ) × V i n ( m a x ) - V o u t L o - f s w
In formula: I p-p-current peak peak value;
V out-output voltage;
V in (max)-input voltage;
L o-inductance value;
F sw-clock frequency.
I p e a k = I o + I p - p 2
In formula: I peak-current peak;
I o-output current;
I L O ( R M S ) = I o 2 + 1 12 I p - p 2
In formula: I lO (RMS)-inductive current virtual value.
In electricity generation system, the basic role of lowering and stabilizing blood pressure module is for battery provides best charging current and voltage, is charge in batteries fast, steadily, efficiently, protects battery simultaneously, avoid the generation of overcharge phenomenon; And in charging process Loss reducing, extend the application life of battery as far as possible.
And the basic role of battery mainly makes up under the condition that some is special, when photovoltaic generation and thermo-electric generation fail to send required electric energy, it is load energy supply.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 3, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, and present embodiment also comprises usb 15, and usb 15 is arranged on forms inside casing,
Multi-source power collector 5 exports through usb 15 after being changed by the electric energy of collection.
The electric energy that usb 15 exports can for terminals such as mobile phones.The electric energy of usb 15 is provided by thermo-electric generation sheet 2 and photovoltaic generation sheet 3, and electric energy passes to usb 15 after the Technics of Power Electronic Conversion of multi-source power collector 5.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, present embodiment is described further embodiment one or two, present embodiment also comprises Smoke Sensor 9, indoor temperature transmitter 10, light intensity sensor 11, infrared sensor 12, outdoor temperature sensor 13 and ZigBee sensor assembly 14
Smoke Sensor 9 and indoor temperature transmitter 10 are arranged on the external surface of forms inside casing, light intensity sensor 11, infrared sensor 12 and outdoor temperature sensor 13 are arranged on the external surface of forms housing, and the sensing data of Smoke Sensor 9, indoor temperature transmitter 10, light intensity sensor 11, infrared sensor 12 and outdoor temperature sensor 13 passes to single-chip microcomputer 8 through ZigBee sensor assembly 14; And ZigBee sensor assembly 14 provides working power by multi-source power collector 5.
Two plate thermo-electric generation sheets 2, photovoltaic generation sheet 3 and multi-source power collector 5 adopt DC-DC converter technique, obtain galvanic current source to load energy supply, achieve wireless temperature measurement, light-metering strong, survey smog and the several functions such as warning, alternative part household electricity.
ZigBee sensor assembly 14 is of a size of long 80mm, wide 60mm, thick 40mm.All the sensors connects ZigBee sensor assembly 14 by wire.After ZigBee sensor assembly 14 receives the signal from each sensor, carry out signal transmission, it generates protocol stack automatically, passes to the coordinator module that computer end is arranged, makes computer end receive every data of sensor.Adopt serial communication between ZigBee sensor assembly 14 and single-chip microcomputer, in single-chip microcomputer, write STM32 program, inside window, monitor message can be observed by display.
When Summer Indoor temperature pick up 10 detects that interior temperature is too high, powered to heating wire by the control of single-chip microcomputer, heating VO 2film 6, makes VO 2film 6 undergoes phase transition, and reduces the transmitance of infrared light, thus reduces interior temperature, reduces energy consumption for cooling.In the winter time, if incident ray is stablized, when interior temperature is low, VO 2film 6 temperature lower than transformation temperature, infrared light-transmissive VO 2film 6 makes interior temperature raise, thus reduces heating burden.
Data can also be sent to computer end by ZigBee sensor assembly 14, and computer end control system can according to the time dependent curve of Plotting data indoor and outdoor temperature of temperature pick up, and by temperature data in computer end interface display.The smoke data of Smoke Sensor 9 sensing also can show in computer end, when indoor smog is too high, the display of computer end control system will exceed standard indoor in the detection of Smoke Detection normal variation indoor smog, and font background color is become red, is convenient to monitoring personnel and finds dangerous situation.
Computer end control system has anti-theft alarm function.Signal can be sent to computer end by ZigBee sensor assembly 14 by infrared sensor 12, when there being target close to infrared sensor 12, the display of computer end control system will become anti-theft alarm ON from anti-theft alarm OFF, and font background color is become red, is convenient to monitoring personnel and finds dangerous situation.
Computer end control system has light intensity test function.The numerical value detected is sent to computer end by ZigBee sensor assembly 14 by light intensity sensor 11, when outdoor light intensity change, computer end control system will show different intensity level, have respectively strong, in, weak Three Estate, and corresponding different font background color.When outdoor light intensity is shown as weak, font background color is white; When outdoor light intensity is shown as middle, font background color is yellow; When outdoor light intensity is shown as strong, font background color is red.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment is described further embodiment one, two or three, described heating wire 7 by fire resistant heat preserving glass fiber and the coiling of constantan heater wire, and is formed after its external surface coated Si rubber heat-resistant insulating layer.
Heating wire 7 diameter is 2mm, and the spacing of arranged adjacent line is 40mm.
The present invention includes electricity generation module and utilization of power module, electricity generation module comprises thermo-electric generation sheet 2, photovoltaic generation sheet 3 and supporting Technics of Power Electronic Conversion circuit thereof, the electric energy that thermo-electric generation sheet 2, photovoltaic generation sheet 3 produce, after Technics of Power Electronic Conversion circuit, becomes stable output electric energy.The process of its Technics of Power Electronic Conversion completes in multi-source power collector 5.Various sensors, single-chip microcomputer and the heating wire 7 arranged in the present invention is utilization of power module, and single-chip microcomputer can control the input voltage of heating wire 7, and then control VO 2film temperature, the configurable Presentation Function of single-chip microcomputer, the sensing data Real time displaying received.
The present invention relates to thermo-electric generation, photovoltaic generation, Reversible Thermochromic Materials, ZigBee wireless communication technology.It utilizes indoor/outdoor temperature-difference and window sunshine condition, utilizes the temperature difference and solar electrical energy generation, and utilizes the electric energy obtained to realize multiple utility function.

Claims (4)

1. a passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window, it is characterized in that, it comprises window body (1), two plate thermo-electric generation sheets (2), photovoltaic generation sheet (3), heat sink (4), multi-source power collector (5), VO 2film (6), heating wire (7) and single-chip microcomputer (8),
Window body (1) comprises forms housing, forms inside casing, interlayer sidewall and window glass, forms housing, forms inside casing and interlayer sidewall form the window body (1) of groove structure, and forms housing and forms inside casing are fixed with window glass respectively;
One plate thermo-electric generation sheet (2) is fixed on the inwall of forms housing, another plate thermo-electric generation sheet (2) is fixed on the inwall of forms inside casing, heat sink (4) clamping connection between two plate thermo-electric generation sheets (2), and fixes with interlayer sidewall; Photovoltaic generation sheet (3) is attached on the outer wall of forms housing, and multi-source power collector (5) is fixed on the external surface of interlayer sidewall, and single-chip microcomputer (8) is fixed on the external surface of forms inside casing;
On forms inside casing window glass inner surface on be coated with VO 2film (6), VO 2the surface of film (6) is evenly arranged the heating wire (7) of snakelike arrangement;
The electric energy output end of thermo-electric generation sheet (2) connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector (5), the electric energy output end of photovoltaic generation sheet (3) connects the electrical energy inputs of multi-source power collector (5), multi-source power collector (5) provides working power for heating wire (7) and single-chip microcomputer (8), and the control system of switching on or off electricity signal input part of heating wire (7) connects the control system of switching on or off electricity signal output part of single-chip microcomputer (8).
2. passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises USB interface (15), and USB interface (15) is arranged on forms inside casing,
Multi-source power collector (5) exports through USB interface (15) after being changed by the electric energy of collection.
3. passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises Smoke Sensor (9), indoor temperature transmitter (10), light intensity sensor (11), infrared sensor (12), outdoor temperature sensor (13) and ZigBee sensor assembly (14)
Smoke Sensor (9) and indoor temperature transmitter (10) are arranged on the external surface of forms inside casing, light intensity sensor (11), infrared sensor (12) and outdoor temperature sensor (13) are arranged on the external surface of forms housing, and the sensing data of Smoke Sensor (9), indoor temperature transmitter (10), light intensity sensor (11), infrared sensor (12) and outdoor temperature sensor (13) passes to single-chip microcomputer (8) through ZigBee sensor assembly (14); And ZigBee sensor assembly (14) provides working power by multi-source power collector (5).
4. passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual energy saving window according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating wire (7) by fire resistant heat preserving glass fiber and the coiling of constantan heater wire, and is formed after its external surface coated Si rubber heat-resistant insulating layer.
CN201510451127.XA 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Passive self-powered multifunctional intellectual Energy Saving Windows Active CN105003180B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107503647A (en) * 2017-10-24 2017-12-22 浙江解放装饰工程有限公司 A kind of heat-insulating bridge-cut-off aluminum alloy doors and windows

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01178691A (en) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-14 Fujisash Co Dewfall-preventing fittings
CN201695847U (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-01-05 曾胜克 Intelligent window
CN201963164U (en) * 2011-03-01 2011-09-07 上海精锐金属建筑系统有限公司 Built-in solar energy photovoltaic generation window
CN203452618U (en) * 2013-07-12 2014-02-26 山东科技大学 Energy-saving intelligent window

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01178691A (en) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-14 Fujisash Co Dewfall-preventing fittings
CN201695847U (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-01-05 曾胜克 Intelligent window
CN201963164U (en) * 2011-03-01 2011-09-07 上海精锐金属建筑系统有限公司 Built-in solar energy photovoltaic generation window
CN203452618U (en) * 2013-07-12 2014-02-26 山东科技大学 Energy-saving intelligent window

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107503647A (en) * 2017-10-24 2017-12-22 浙江解放装饰工程有限公司 A kind of heat-insulating bridge-cut-off aluminum alloy doors and windows

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