CN104988890A - Equipment for preparing offshore oil-removing product by employing enteromorpha - Google Patents
Equipment for preparing offshore oil-removing product by employing enteromorpha Download PDFInfo
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- CN104988890A CN104988890A CN201510205951.7A CN201510205951A CN104988890A CN 104988890 A CN104988890 A CN 104988890A CN 201510205951 A CN201510205951 A CN 201510205951A CN 104988890 A CN104988890 A CN 104988890A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment for preparing an offshore oil-removing product by employing enteromorpha. The equipment comprises an offshore catching device, a water entangling device, a dehydrator, an enteromorpha surface waterproof lipophilic processing device, and a drying device, the offshore catching device is connected with a feeding inlet of the water entangling device, a discharging outlet of the water entangling device is connected with the dehydrator via a winding device, a discharging outlet of the dehydrator is connected with the enteromorpha surface waterproof lipophilic processing device, and the enteromorpha surface waterproof lipophilic processing device is connected with the drying device. According to the equipment, garbage can be effectively changed into useful materials, as the oil absorption material, the oil absorption rate can reach about 1:20, and compared with many conventional oil absorption materials, the cost is low, and security and environmental protection are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sea oil spill processing technology field, particularly a kind of equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods.
Background technology
Since eighties of last century the fifties, along with various countries' social productive forces and scientific and technical fast development, ocean receives from each side pollution in various degree and destruction, day by day serious pollution brings totally unfavorable consequence to the survival and development of the mankind, also brings very serious destruction to ecological environment simultaneously.This problem has caused the very big concern of the government about international organization and various countries.For preventing, controlling and decreasing pollution, under the effort of some countries and international organization, international community's priority has formulated a series of pact, and they are to preventing, controlling and decreasing pollution serves positive effect.Although coastal national governments and international organization, worked out corresponding law for domestic practice situation, international community has also polluted for world ocean and has worked out a series of international convention, the situation of marine environmental pollution is still very serious.But nearly decades, along with the development of world industry, the pollution of ocean also increases the weight of increasingly, makes local marine environment there occurs very large change, and has the trend continuing expansion.In the region that marine pollution is comparatively serious, still based on land-sourced pollutant, these land-sourced pollutants mainly comprise industrial waste water, sanitary sewage, rural sewage etc.But day by day aging along with offshore oil platform production facility, the risk of marine oil overflow is increasing, for the great threat that marine environment brings, a large amount of petroleum pollution in ocean accident shows, marine oil spill and the oil pollution that causes have been the No.1 factors of harm marine ecology balance and human health, be main in current ocean and amount that is that easily perceiveed by sense organ is large, wide, can adverse effect be produced to marine organisms, and the pollutant of graceful beach environment can be damaged.Comprise that offshore field pipe leakage, oil tanker accident, ship pollution discharge etc. cause, particularly some paroxysmal accidents, the oil amount once leaked can reach more than 100,000 tons, the appearance of this situation, large stretch of seawater is covered by oil film, marine organisms mortality will be impelled, have a strong impact on the value of marine product, and other offshore activities.
On the impact of environment
The oil film that oil is formed on sea can hinder the gas exchanges between air and seawater, have impact on sea to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, transmission and reflection.Cover the oil film in polar ice face for a long time, ice cube heat absorption capacity can be strengthened, accelerate ice sheet and melt, potential impact is caused to global sea change and longer term climatic change.Oil in sea and seawater can dissolve the lipophilic ingredient in the pollutants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, reduces Transport And Transformation speed between its interface.Oil pollution can destroy seabeach scenic spot and bathing beach.As December nineteen eighty-three, " east ambassador " number oil tanker hits a submerged reef stranded at Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao, oil spilling more than 3000 ton, seriously pollutes beach, Qingdao and Jiaozhou Bay.
To the harm of biology
Oil film reduces the energy that solar radiation penetrates seawater, can affect the photosynthesis of sea-plant.Oil film stains fur and the seabird feather of extra large beast, dissolves lipid phase wherein, makes the ability that they lose insulation, swimming or fly.Petroleum pollution can disturb biological to ingest, breed, grow, the ability such as the chemotaxis of behavior and biology.Marine site by oil severe contamination also can cause the change of individual organisms wealth of species and distribution, thus changes the kind composition of group.The oil of high concentration can reduce the nitrogen fixing capacity of microalgae, hinders it to grow, and causes it dead eventually.Fall to the oil in intertidal zone and shallow water seabed, make some animal larvas, marine alga spore loses suitable fixation matrix or make its adult reduce anchoring capability.Oil can infiltrate in the more high plant such as Value of Spartina Anglica and mangrove, and change the physiological functions such as the permeability of cell, serious oil pollution even can cause the death of these intertidal zones and salt-marsh plants.Oil is to halobiontic chemical toxicity, different according to oily kind and composition.Usually, the toxicity of refining oil is higher than crude oil, and the toxicity of low molecular hydrocarbons is greater than higher hydrocabon, and in various hydro carbons, its toxicity generally declines successively by the order of aromatic hydrocarbon, alkene, cyclic hydrocarbon, chain hydrocarbon.Petroleum hydrocarbon, to halobiontic murder by poisoning, mainly destroys normal configuration and the permeability of cell membrane, the enzyme system of interference organism, and then affects normal physiological, the biochemical process of organism.As greasy dirt can reduce the intensity of photosynthesis of phytoplankton, the division of block cell, breeding, make the embryo of many animals and paedomorphosis is abnormal, growth retardation; Greasy dirt can also make some animals cause a disease, if the necrosis of the fish gill, skin erosion, trouble stomach trouble are so that carcinogenic.
On the impact of aquatic products industry
Petroleum pollution in ocean can change the migration route of some economic fish; Stain fishnet, cultivation equipment and catches; The seafoods such as the fish of greasy dirt, shellfish, be difficult to sale and maybe can not eat.
Therefore, how to control marine oil spill fast and effectively, becoming that various circles of society's person skilled pays special attention to also is the problem of very headache, at present, carries out fast and effectively that spill containment difficulty is very large at sea; Owing to entering extra large oil first under gravity, inertia force, frictional force and capillary effect, be extended to film rapidly at ocean surface, and then under stormy waves and action of ocean current, be divided into the bulk or banded oil film, with the wind Driftdiffusion that differ in size.Therefore, and spill containment, be the important step of first of controlling that oil spill expands.CN 104110017 A encloses oily special oil bank in a sea, gasbag is connected with in the upper end of enclosing oilcloth band, be provided with at the right-hand member of gasbag and fill exhaust nozzle, the two ends of enclosing oilcloth band and gasbag are provided with adhesive sheet, the lower end of enclosing oilcloth band is provided with weight belt; Adhesive sheet by its two ends between each oil bank is connected; This oil bank adopts air bag to enclose oilcloth band as float support, instead of the large-scale float of traditional solid.
At present, the measure taked after there is oil pollution is: the application oil fence etc. intercept oil slick and are surrounded, prevent its diffusion and drift about, and reclaimed by various plant equipment as far as possible, to irretrievable thin oil film or the elaioleucite that is dispersed in water, various hypotoxic new chemical course can be sprayed.Wait to improve in view of reclaiming and eliminate the techniques and methods of oil pollution at sea, bay and coastal waters with a varied topography, therefore, still difficulty all eliminates oil pollution at sea at present.If meet severe meteorological condition, then most of oil cannot recycling disposal.To there is very serious damage in traditional marine oil fence, regularly cause the failure of spill response action, concrete condition is as follows under the sea situation impact of complexity:
1, during the towage of ship oil fence, because the oil fence is blocked obstruction by seawater, resistance is excessive, is easy to cause and breaks;
2, in time surging large, the oil fence following sea moment ceaselessly squeezes mutually, draw, the changing of the relative positions, causes the oil fence to break;
3, the flexible oil fence has the sea of wind and stream, is difficult to be shaped, and is difficult to formation contains the oil spilling with certain appearance and size;
4, flexible oil fence folding and unfolding difficulty.
Above-mentioned patent only can play and is surrounded by the oil slick on sea, the effect of not absorption, removing oil slick, but after being surrounded, adopt oil collector sump tank to collect, so, due to the fluctuation on sea and the impact of wave, oil slick still can be gone out and enclose oil band, and use oil collector sump tank to collect, troublesome poeration, and collecting effect is poor, and elimination efficiency is low.The defect that the flexible oil fence in traditional sea exists seriously has fettered the oil spilling capacity building of China, therefore, is badly in need of research and development a kind of multi-functional, the novel de-oiling product of low cost.
Enteromorpha algae, is extensively distributed in worldwide ocean, and what have is distributed in brackish water or rivers, often grows on the rock of intertidal zone or Shi Zhaozhong, or on the chad on silt beach, sometimes also can grow nonparasitically upon another plant on the frond of tangleweed.Enteromorpha is a kind of novel marine ecology disaster of China coastal seas, since two thousand eight, annual 5-8 month periodically breaks out and extinction at Yellow Sea, and blue ocean becomes green grassland, be referred to as " green tide ", cause different ambient influnences and economic loss to coastal area.Although Enteromorpha is nontoxic, the same with red tide, prolific Enteromorpha also can shielded from sunlight, affects the growth of seabed algae; Dead Enteromorpha also can consume the oxygen in seawater; Enteromorpha outburst also can have a strong impact on view, aquatic sports, and Enteromorpha is attacked on a large scale, and coastal tourism also can be affected, if there is large area Enteromorpha, visitor then can not descend water, and Enteromorpha is burdened with and has certain harm to health.Green tide also can bring a series of secondary environment to endanger, as frond corruption distributes bad smell, and contaminated air; Algae is piled up may provide Reproduction Conditions for harmful insect, causes insect to break out; Algae is deposited on seabed, can cause anoxic and substrate corruption, change sedimental physicochemical property, cause aquatile hypoxia death, produce material impact etc. to Benthic ecology system.When Enteromorpha is attacked, measure very big, can up to ton up to ten thousand.
The methods such as present existing prophylactico-therapeutic measures has mechanical catching, chemicals is killed.Mechanical catching is original and the most traditional way, namely pull out together with water-band algae with manpower, in order to improve speed, also human hair is had to understand automatic metal web filter, in the slow driving process of Power Vessel, moved by wire lath not stall, all algae are all salvaged and goes on board, salvaging speed is artificial thousands of times.But the just little part that the marine alga salvaged can be utilized, be mainly applicable at present be processed into feed, the overwhelming majority is still landfilled.The Enteromorpha of fishing for out toiling piles up landfill, both wastes natural resource, and destroys environment again.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, technical problem to be solved by this invention is, there is provided a kind of with low cost, easy and simple to handle, make full use of the natural resources, take Enteromorpha as raw material, limit cleaning at sea, limit processes, save energy consumption, product effectively reaches and encloses oil, the Enteromorpha that utilizes of oil suction double effects prepares the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods, comprises that device is fished at sea, water oleophylic treating apparatus and drying device are refused in hydroentangling apparatus, dewater unit, Enteromorpha surface; Described sea is fished for device and is connected with the charging aperture of hydroentangling apparatus, the discharging opening of hydroentangling apparatus is connected with dewater unit through coiler device, discharging opening and the Enteromorpha surface of described dewater unit are refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and are connected, and Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and is connected with drying device.
The above-mentioned Enteromorpha that utilizes prepares the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods, and described sea is fished for device and comprised one for what fish for Enteromorpha and copy dredger frame, is furnished with many for transporting the rotation deflector roll of Enteromorpha copying on dredger frame.
The above-mentioned Enteromorpha that utilizes prepares the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods, described hydroentangling apparatus comprises one for transporting the holding lace curtaining of Enteromorpha, holding lace curtaining is provided with for driving at least one group of the movement of holding lace curtaining rotary drum in relative rotation, described holding lace curtaining is outside equipped with the multiple waterpower spray guns acted on Enteromorpha.
The above-mentioned Enteromorpha that utilizes prepares the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods, and described dewater unit comprises the high speed centrifugation cylinder of one and coiler device adaptation.
The above-mentioned Enteromorpha that utilizes prepares the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods, described Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and is comprised a uncovered dipping cylindrical shell, in described dipping cylindrical shell, organic silicone oil auxiliary agent or fluorine type resin auxiliary agent are set, described drying device comprises drying box, in drying box, be provided with Enteromorpha drying table, below described Enteromorpha drying table, be provided with the electrical heating elements acted on Enteromorpha drying table.
The advantage that the present invention utilizes Enteromorpha to prepare the equipment of offshore oil-removal goods is: this device fabrication cost is low, reasonable in design, long service life, Enteromorpha oil removing product volume is little, lightweight, be convenient to fold, collect, deposit, transport, be applicable to very much being applied in that oil is enclosed at sea, oil-collecting, antifouling operation use.Take Enteromorpha as raw material, limit cleaning at sea, limit processes, and is made into the products such as asphalt felt, the oil fence and packaging material.Due to ferociousness when Enteromorpha comes, output is very big, with low cost, is the rubbish of harm marine environment; but through processing of the present invention, turned waste into wealth again, under the prerequisite of protection of the environment, taken full advantage of Enteromorpha natural resource; machined a series of product, feedback society, has benefited the mankind.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details;
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods, comprises that device 1 is fished at sea, water oleophylic treating apparatus 5 and drying device 6 are refused in hydroentangling apparatus 2, dewater unit 4, Enteromorpha surface; Described sea is fished for device 2 and is connected with the charging aperture 7 of hydroentangling apparatus 2, the discharging opening of hydroentangling apparatus 2 is connected with dewater unit 4 through coiler device 3, discharging opening and the Enteromorpha surface of described dewater unit 4 are refused water oleophylic treating apparatus 5 and are connected, and Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus 5 and is connected with drying device 6.Sea of the present invention is fished for device 1 and is mounted on Enteromorpha dredger 8 or is arranged on bank and be used for specially copying the special arrangement dragging for Enteromorpha, directly can fish for processing at sea.
Sea is fished for device 1 and is comprised one for what fish for Enteromorpha and copy dredger frame 9, is furnished with many for transporting the rotation deflector roll 10 of Enteromorpha copying on dredger frame 9.
Hydroentangling apparatus 2 comprises one for transporting the holding lace curtaining 11 of Enteromorpha, holding lace curtaining 11 is provided with for driving at least one group of holding lace curtaining 11 movement rotary drum 12 in relative rotation, described holding lace curtaining 11 is outside equipped with the multiple waterpower spray guns 13 acted on Enteromorpha.
Dewater unit 4 comprises the high speed centrifugation cylinder 14 of one and coiler device 3 adaptation, and high speed centrifugation cylinder 14 is fixedly connected with by motor and rotating base, and this structure is prior art, therefore seldom repeats.
Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus 5 and is comprised a uncovered dipping cylindrical shell 15, in described dipping cylindrical shell 15, organic silicone oil auxiliary agent or fluorine type resin auxiliary agent are set, described drying device 6 comprises drying box 16, Enteromorpha drying table 17 is provided with in drying box 16, the heating acted on Enteromorpha drying table 17 is provided with below described Enteromorpha drying table 1, heating can select the heating wire 18 that conventional heating efficiency is high, for effectively improving drying efficiency, Enteromorpha drying table 17 offers the heat transfer hole 19 running through Enteromorpha drying table 17.
Novelty of the present invention is:
The present invention embody nearby with the thought of integrated treatment Enteromorpha; can directly utilizing seawater to carry out by the sea Hydroentangled, fresh-water-saving resource, effectively can reducing again Enteromorpha because transporting the pollution that may cause street and environment; both save resource, protect environment again.
Creativeness of the present invention is:
(1) conventional ship installs Enteromorpha additional to fish for device, hydroentangling apparatus, dewater unit and Enteromorpha and refuse water oleophylic treating apparatus and can form the materialized system of Enteromorpha, directly carry out processing at sea and process;
(2) carry out surfacing to Enteromorpha, effectively changing rubbish is useful material, and as oil absorption material, its oil absorbency can reach about 1: 20, be better than present many oil absorption materials, and fire resistance is more excellent;
Practicality of the present invention is:
(1) enteromorpha fiber has compact voids, after treatment, show stronger oil absorbency, can be used for clearing up, contain, prevent the region of any fluid that may occur and chemical leakage, comprise the adsorption treatment of marine oil overflow, industry cleaning oil pollution, fire-fighting oil spilling adsorption treatment and any place needing to remove leakage liquid.
(2), asphalt felt, the oil fence etc. can be made as required.The oil fence is one of capital equipment in process oil spill accident, and be the equipment preventing effluent oil diffusion, oil suction and be convenient to petroleum recovery process, the proper use of oil fence of science, it is effective for containing the interception of marine oil spill and reclaim.Have with the oil fence that Enteromorpha is made and good block oil, oil absorbency, the result of use of the oil fence can be strengthened, and can swim for a long time on the water surface after oil suction, not sink, indeformable, there is good oil suction, keep off oily effect.Enteromorpha fiber has born anti-flammability, makes the oil fence by enteromorpha fiber, has explosion-proof.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned citing; those skilled in the art; in essential scope of the present invention, the change made, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. utilize Enteromorpha to prepare an equipment for offshore oil-removal goods, it is characterized in that: comprise that device is fished at sea, water oleophylic treating apparatus and drying device are refused in hydroentangling apparatus, dewater unit, Enteromorpha surface; Described sea is fished for device and is connected with the charging aperture of hydroentangling apparatus, the discharging opening of hydroentangling apparatus is connected with dewater unit through coiler device, discharging opening and the Enteromorpha surface of described dewater unit are refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and are connected, and Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and is connected with drying device.
2. the equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sea is fished for device and comprised one for what fish for Enteromorpha and copy dredger frame, be furnished with many for transporting the rotation deflector roll of Enteromorpha copying on dredger frame, described conveyer belt is connected with rotation deflector roll.
3. the equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydroentangling apparatus comprises one for transporting the holding lace curtaining of Enteromorpha, holding lace curtaining is provided with for driving at least one group of the movement of holding lace curtaining rotary drum in relative rotation, described holding lace curtaining is outside equipped with the multiple waterpower spray guns acted on Enteromorpha.
4. the equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dewater unit comprises the high speed centrifugation cylinder of one and coiler device adaptation.
5. the equipment utilizing Enteromorpha to prepare offshore oil-removal goods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Enteromorpha surface is refused water oleophylic treating apparatus and comprised a uncovered dipping cylindrical shell, in described dipping cylindrical shell, organic silicone oil auxiliary agent or fluorine type resin auxiliary agent are set, described drying device comprises drying box, below drying box, be provided with Enteromorpha drying table, in described Enteromorpha drying table, be provided with the electrical heating elements acted on Enteromorpha drying table.
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| CN104861932A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-26 | 青岛大学 | Production technique and device for preparing offshore oil removing product by enteromorpha |
| CN105536717A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Surface modified enteromorpha and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN105539745A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 青岛海大生物集团有限公司 | Service ship for ocean environment protection engineering |
| CN105693038A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-06-22 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Ship domestic sewage treatment system with enteromorpha used as filter and adsorption material |
| CN105776663A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-20 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Process for treating ship oily water with enteromorpha |
| CN116062102A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-05-05 | 江苏和合水环境有限公司 | Blue algae capturing device for water surface |
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