CN104988320A - Method and system for recovering valuable metal from red mud - Google Patents
Method and system for recovering valuable metal from red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN104988320A CN104988320A CN201510471593.4A CN201510471593A CN104988320A CN 104988320 A CN104988320 A CN 104988320A CN 201510471593 A CN201510471593 A CN 201510471593A CN 104988320 A CN104988320 A CN 104988320A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for recovering valuable metal from red mud. The method includes the steps of mixing the red mud, a reducing agent and quick lime to obtain mixed materials; secondly, roasting the raw materials to obtain sodium oxide and a solid mixture with sodium aluminate and iron; thirdly, superfine milling the solid mixture with sodium aluminate and iron to obtain superfine powder; fourthly, separating the superfine powder to obtain an iron product, a sodium aluminate solution and tailings. By means of the method, the valuable metal including iron, sodium and aluminum in the red mud can be recovered, and therefore the value in use of the red mud is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method and system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud.
Background technology
China is alumina producing big country, and the contaminative waste residue of discharging when red mud is Aluminium industry extraction aluminum oxide, average often produces 1 ton of aluminum oxide, incidentally produces 1.0 ~ 2.0 tons of red muds.Because carry under one's arms alkali lye in red mud, belonging to highly basic pollutent, is a kind of quite serious strong basicity source of pollution that alumina producer causes.The fundamental solution preventing red mud from polluting realizes the comprehensive utilization of red mud, but up to now, the quantity obtaining the red mud of Appropriate application in worldwide is just seldom a part of, so that causes the problem of more serious environmental pollution at some local red muds.The red mud that the whole world produces every year about 7,000 ten thousand tons, the red mud that China produces every year is more than 3,000 ten thousand tons.Red mud adds up volume of cargo in storage and is increased to 3.5 hundred million tons, and according to statistics, the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud is only 4%, lower than the utilization ratio of other metallurgical slags as blast furnace slag, slag or even copper ashes.
Because red mud has the features such as moisture height, retentiveness are strong, high and particle diameter is less containing alkali, up to the present, still do not find the processing mode that desirable both at home and abroad.Therefore red mud usually adopts and builds trivial mode and store up, and directly brings to fill out sea or by filling out sea again after neutralizing treatment.When can not rationally and effectively a large amount of utilization and must adopt store up process, the long-time and earth surface of alkali lye contained in the red mud that must prevent alumina producer from giving off and cause entering underground or surface water body, causes serious water pollution.Red mud is applied to building materials and is considered to most possible realization always and dissolves on a large scale the utilization orientation of red mud.But it is too high to be mainly limited to alkali content, high, the single alkali collection that carries out of prior art dealkalize cost is unreasonable economically, the added value of product of producing after dealkalize is low, add that policy does not have enough supports, therefore, never actualizing technology is broken through for many years, and only has the dealkalize technology of red mud to make a breakthrough, and red mud comprehensive utilization ratio likely rises appreciably.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method and system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud, and the method can realize the recycling of valuable metal iron, sodium and aluminium element in red mud, thus has widened the utility value of red mud.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime are carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture;
(2) described mixture is carried out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron;
(3) the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And
(4) described ultrafine powder is carried out separating treatment, to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.
Thus, the recycling of valuable metal iron, sodium and aluminium element in red mud can be realized according to the method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud of the embodiment of the present invention, thus widen the utility value of red mud.
In addition, the method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), described red mud, described reductive agent and described unslaked lime are 100:(10 ~ 25 according to mass ratio): (5 ~ 35) mix.Thus, the reduction effect of the iron of follow-up calcination process process can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (2), the temperature of described calcination process is 1000 ~ 1200 degrees Celsius.Thus, not only can realize the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and make most sodium salt in red mud be converted into the sodium aluminate of solubility, thus improve the separating effect of subsequent metal iron and sodium aluminate.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), in described ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than more than the 70wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter.Thus, the separating effect of metallic iron and sodium aluminate in subsequent process can be improved further.
In some embodiments of the invention, the described method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud comprises further: (5), before described mixture is carried out calcination process, carry out forming processes to described mixture in advance, to obtain mixing pelletizing.Thus, the reduction effect of material in calcination process process can be significantly improved.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud, according to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises:
Mixing device, described mixing device has the outlet of red mud entrance, reductive agent entrance, unslaked lime entrance and mixture, and is suitable for red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime being carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture;
Calciner, described calciner has mixture entrance, sodium oxide outlet and solid mixture outlet, described mixture entrance exports with described mixture and is connected, and be suitable for described mixture to carry out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron;
Ultrafine Grinding device, described Ultrafine Grinding device has solids mixture inlet and ultrafine powder outlet, described solids mixture inlet exports with described solid mixture and is connected, and is suitable for the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And
Tripping device, described tripping device has ultrafine powder entrance, iron product outlet, sodium aluminate solution outlet and tailings outlet, described ultrafine powder entrance exports with described ultrafine powder and is connected, and is suitable for described ultrafine powder to carry out separating treatment, to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.
Thus, the recycling of valuable metal iron, sodium and aluminium element in red mud can be realized according to the system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud of the embodiment of the present invention, thus widen the utility value of red mud.
In addition, the system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the described system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud comprises further: shaped device, described shaped device has mixture import and the outlet of mixing pelletizing, described mixture import exports with described mixture and is connected, described mixing pelletizing outlet is connected with described mixture entrance, and be suitable for, before described mixture is carried out calcination process, carrying out forming processes to described mixture in advance, to obtain mixing pelletizing.Thus, the reduction effect of material in calcination process process can be significantly improved.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from accompanying drawing below combining to the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram reclaiming valuable metal according to an embodiment of the invention from red mud;
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the system architecture schematic diagram reclaiming valuable metal according to an embodiment of the invention from red mud;
Fig. 4 is the system architecture schematic diagram reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises: red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime are carried out combination treatment by (1), to obtain mixture; (2) described mixture is carried out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron; (3) the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And described ultrafine powder is carried out separating treatment by (4), to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.Contriver finds, by red mud is mixed with reductive agent and unslaked lime, can using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus the temperature significantly reduced in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization restored enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realize the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, in addition roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral can be made, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process, compared with prior art, the present invention can realize valuable metal sodium in red mud, the high efficiente callback of iron and aluminium element, thus widened the utility value of red mud, realization turns harm into good, turn waste into wealth, thus fundamentally solve the difficult problem that this trade waste of red mud utilization ratio is low and store up for a long time.
Below with reference to Fig. 1-2, the method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
S100: red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime are carried out combination treatment
According to embodiments of the invention, red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime are carried out combination treatment, thus can mixture be obtained.Contriver finds, by being mixed with reductive agent and unslaked lime by red mud, using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus can significantly reduce the temperature in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, and then the rate of recovery significantly improving metallic iron and sodium.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blending ratio of red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime is also not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime can be 100:(10 ~ 25 according to mass ratio): (5 ~ 35) mix.Contriver finds, the selection gist of reductive agent is selected according to needing the iron carrying out reducing in red mud, the reductive agent amount of allocating into is too low, do not reach the basic demand of reducing iron oxides, reduction resultant metal rate is lower, affects follow-up metallic iron product and is separated with tailings, the reductive agent amount of allocating into is too high, affect the gathering of metallic iron product, be equally also unfavorable for sorting, and add cost; The amount of allocating into of unslaked lime: will meet simultaneously promote Fe3+ reduction, carry out reaction with sodium aluminium silicate in red mud in addition and generate sodium aluminate and Calucium Silicate powder.
According to still a further embodiment, the particular type of reductive agent is also not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reductive agent can be carbon containing reducer, such as, be fine coal.Thus, significantly raw materials cost can be reduced.
S200: mixture is carried out calcination process
According to embodiments of the invention, mixture is carried out calcination process, thus sodium oxide can be obtained and contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron.Contriver finds, through calcination process, ferric oxide in red mud and sodium oxide can be reduced to metallic iron and sodium Metal 99.5, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization be reduced out enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realizes the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of calcination process is also not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of calcination process can be 1000 ~ 1200 degrees Celsius.Contriver finds, when reacting below 1000 ~ 1200 DEG C, in the CaO in unslaked lime and red mud, sodium aluminium silicate reacts, and generates β-Ca in a large number
2siO
4with sodium aluminate NaAlO
2, therefore roasting product is washed and can be removed sodium aluminate in physical separation process.
S300: the solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process
According to embodiments of the invention, the solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, thus can ultrafine powder be obtained.Contriver finds, roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, can make thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral, thus can realize the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron through later separation process.
According to embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter of ultrafine powder is also not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than more than the 70wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter.Contriver finds, due under lower reduction temperature (1000 ~ 1200 DEG C of the present invention's control), iron granule is tiny, do not assemble, therefore need the solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding, the sodium aluminate made and iron are dissociated fully, reduce carrying secretly mutually of metallic iron product and tailings in magnetic separation process, improve the decreasing ratio of alkali, particle is excessive, is unfavorable for metallic iron and being separated containing sodium tailings.
S400: ultrafine powder is carried out separating treatment
According to embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned gained ultrafine powder is carried out separating treatment, thus iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings can be obtained.In this step, concrete, wet magnetic separation is carried out to gained ultrafine powder, being effectively separated of Armco magnetic iron product and the nonmagnetic mine tailing solution containing sodium aluminate and tailings can be realized, finally can realize being separated of sodium aluminate solution and tailings more after filtration.
Pass through red mud to mix with reductive agent and unslaked lime according to the method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud of the embodiment of the present invention, can using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus the temperature significantly reduced in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization restored enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realize the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, in addition roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral can be made, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process, compared with prior art, the present invention can realize valuable metal sodium in red mud, the high efficiente callback of iron and aluminium element, thus widened the utility value of red mud, realization turns harm into good, turn waste into wealth, thus fundamentally solve the difficult problem that this trade waste of red mud utilization ratio is low and store up for a long time.
With reference to figure 2, the method reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S500: before mixture is carried out calcination process, in advance forming processes is carried out to mixture
According to embodiments of the invention, before mixture is carried out calcination process, in advance forming processes is carried out to mixture, thus can obtain mixing pelletizing.Thus, the reduction effect of ferric oxide and sodium oxide in calcination process process can be significantly improved.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises: mixing device, described mixing device has the outlet of red mud entrance, reductive agent entrance, unslaked lime entrance and mixture, and is suitable for red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime being carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture; Calciner, described calciner has mixture entrance, sodium oxide outlet and solid mixture outlet, described mixture entrance exports with described mixture and is connected, and be suitable for described mixture to carry out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron; Ultrafine Grinding device, described Ultrafine Grinding device has solids mixture inlet and ultrafine powder outlet, described solids mixture inlet exports with described solid mixture and is connected, and is suitable for the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And tripping device, described tripping device has ultrafine powder entrance, iron product outlet, sodium aluminate solution outlet and tailings outlet, described ultrafine powder entrance exports with described ultrafine powder and is connected, and is suitable for described ultrafine powder to carry out separating treatment, to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.Contriver finds, by red mud is mixed with reductive agent and unslaked lime, can using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus the temperature significantly reduced in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization restored enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realize the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, in addition roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral can be made, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process, compared with prior art, the present invention can realize valuable metal sodium in red mud, the high efficiente callback of iron and aluminium element, thus widened the utility value of red mud, realization turns harm into good, turn waste into wealth, thus fundamentally solve the difficult problem that this trade waste of red mud utilization ratio is low and store up for a long time.
The system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud below with reference to Fig. 3-4 pairs of embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises:
Mixing device 100: according to embodiments of the invention, mixing device 100 has red mud entrance 101, reductive agent entrance 102, unslaked lime entrance 103 and mixture outlet 104, and be suitable for red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime to carry out combination treatment, thus mixture can be obtained.Contriver finds, by being mixed with reductive agent and unslaked lime by red mud, using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus can significantly reduce the temperature in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, and then the rate of recovery significantly improving metallic iron and sodium.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blending ratio of red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime is also not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime can be 100:(10 ~ 25 according to mass ratio): (5 ~ 35) mix.Contriver finds, the selection gist of reductive agent is selected according to needing the iron carrying out reducing in red mud, the reductive agent amount of allocating into is too low, do not reach the basic demand of reducing iron oxides, reduction resultant metal rate is lower, affects follow-up metallic iron product and is separated with tailings, the reductive agent amount of allocating into is too high, affect the gathering of metallic iron product, be equally also unfavorable for sorting, and add cost; The amount of allocating into of unslaked lime: will meet simultaneously promote Fe3+ reduction, carry out reaction with sodium aluminium silicate in red mud in addition and generate sodium aluminate and Calucium Silicate powder.
According to still a further embodiment, the particular type of reductive agent is also not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reductive agent can be carbon containing reducer, such as, be fine coal.Thus, significantly raw materials cost can be reduced.
Calciner 200: according to embodiments of the invention, calciner 200 has mixture entrance 201, sodium oxide outlet 202 and solid mixture outlet 203, mixture entrance 201 and mixture export 104 and are connected, and be suitable for mixture to carry out calcination process, thus sodium oxide can be obtained and contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron.Contriver finds, through calcination process, ferric oxide in red mud and sodium oxide can be reduced to metallic iron and sodium Metal 99.5, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization be reduced out enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realizes the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of calcination process is also not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of calcination process can be 1000 ~ 1200 degrees Celsius.Contriver finds, when reacting below 1000 ~ 1200 DEG C, in the CaO in unslaked lime and red mud, sodium aluminium silicate reacts, and generates β-Ca in a large number
2siO
4with sodium aluminate NaAlO
2, therefore roasting product is washed and can be removed sodium aluminate in physical separation process.
Ultrafine Grinding device 300: according to embodiments of the invention, Ultrafine Grinding device 300 has solids mixture inlet 301 and ultrafine powder outlet 302, solids mixture inlet 301 and solid mixture export 203 and are connected, and be suitable for the solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding process, thus ultrafine powder can be obtained.Contriver finds, roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, can make thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral, thus can realize the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron through later separation process.
According to embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter of ultrafine powder is also not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than more than the 70wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter.Contriver finds, due under lower reduction temperature (1000 ~ 1200 DEG C of the present invention's control), iron granule is tiny, do not assemble, therefore need the solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding, the sodium aluminate made and iron are dissociated fully, reduce carrying secretly mutually of metallic iron product and tailings in magnetic separation process, improve the decreasing ratio of alkali, particle is excessive, is unfavorable for metallic iron and being separated containing sodium tailings.
Tripping device 400: according to embodiments of the invention, tripping device 400 has ultrafine powder entrance 401, iron product outlet 402, sodium aluminate solution outlet 403 and tailings outlet 404, ultrafine powder entrance 401 and ultrafine powder export 302 and are connected, and be suitable for above-mentioned gained ultrafine powder to carry out separating treatment, thus iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings can be obtained.In this step, concrete, wet magnetic separation is carried out to gained ultrafine powder, being effectively separated of Armco magnetic iron product and the nonmagnetic mine tailing solution containing sodium aluminate and tailings can be realized, finally can realize being separated of sodium aluminate solution and tailings more after filtration.
Pass through red mud to mix with reductive agent and unslaked lime according to the system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud of the embodiment of the present invention, can using the solubility promoter of the calcium oxide in unslaked lime as roasting process, thus the temperature significantly reduced in calcination process process, the reduction of accelerating oxidation iron and sodium oxide, wherein, the fume recovery system that the sodium Metal 99.5 volatilization restored enters calciner is oxidized to sodium oxide, realize the preliminary recovery of sodium in red mud, and through calcination process, the most nepheline Substance Transformation containing sodium in red mud can be made to be the sodium aluminate of solubility, in addition roasting gained solid mixture is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, thoroughly being separated of metallic iron and aluminum-containing mineral can be made, thus the high efficiency separation of sodium aluminate and metallic iron can be realized through later separation process, compared with prior art, the present invention can realize valuable metal sodium in red mud, the high efficiente callback of iron and aluminium element, thus widened the utility value of red mud, realization turns harm into good, turn waste into wealth, thus fundamentally solve the difficult problem that this trade waste of red mud utilization ratio is low and store up for a long time.
With reference to figure 4, the system reclaiming valuable metal from red mud according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
Shaped device 500: according to embodiments of the invention, shaped device 500 has mixture import 501 and mixing pelletizing outlet 502, mixture import 501 and mixture export 104 and are connected, mixing pelletizing outlet 502 is connected with mixture entrance 201, and be suitable for before mixture is carried out calcination process, in advance forming processes is carried out to mixture, thus can obtain mixing pelletizing.Thus, the reduction effect of ferric oxide and sodium oxide in calcination process process can be significantly improved.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that, these embodiments are only descriptive, and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
By red mud, reduction coal and unslaked lime carry out mix, wherein, red mud, reduction coal and Lime Quality are than being 100:20:20, then gained mix is rolled mixing, obtain mixture, then forming processes is carried out to mixture, obtain mixing pelletizing, then mixing pelletizing is carried out calcination process at 1150 DEG C, obtain sodium oxide and contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron, then solid mixture gained being contained sodium aluminate and iron carries out Ultrafine Grinding process, obtain ultrafine powder, wherein, in ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than the 80wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter, then gained ultrafine powder is carried out wet magnetic separation, obtain iron product (iron level is greater than 87wt%), sodium aluminate solution and tailings, wherein, in tailings, sodium oxide is 0.9wt%, TFe is lower than 15wt%, calculate according to sodium oxide in red mud and dealkalize tailings, whole process dealkalize rate reaches more than 85wt%, iron recovery reaches more than 80wt%, in sodium aluminate solution, aluminium recovery reaches more than 70wt%.
Embodiment 2
By red mud, reduction coal and unslaked lime carry out mix, wherein, red mud, reduction coal and Lime Quality are than being 100:20:25, then gained mix is rolled mixing, obtain mixture, then forming processes is carried out to mixture, obtain mixing pelletizing, then mixing pelletizing is carried out calcination process at 1200 DEG C, obtain sodium oxide and contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron, then solid mixture gained being contained sodium aluminate and iron carries out Ultrafine Grinding process, obtain ultrafine powder, wherein, in ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than the 85wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter, then gained ultrafine powder is carried out wet magnetic separation, obtain iron product (iron level is greater than 90wt%), sodium aluminate solution and tailings, wherein, in tailings, sodium oxide is lower than 0.7wt%, TFe is lower than 13wt%, calculate according to sodium oxide in red mud and dealkalize tailings, whole process dealkalize rate reaches more than 90wt%, iron recovery reaches more than 85wt%, in sodium aluminate solution, aluminium recovery reaches more than 75wt%.
Embodiment 3
By red mud, reduction coal and unslaked lime carry out mix, wherein, red mud, reduction coal and Lime Quality are than being 100:25:30, then gained mix is rolled mixing, obtain mixture, then mixture is carried out calcination process at 1200 DEG C, obtain sodium oxide and contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron, then solid mixture gained being contained sodium aluminate and iron carries out Ultrafine Grinding process, obtain ultrafine powder, wherein, in ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than the 90wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter, then gained ultrafine powder is carried out wet magnetic separation, obtain iron product (iron level is greater than 90wt%), sodium aluminate solution and tailings, wherein, in tailings, sodium oxide is lower than 0.55wt%, TFe is lower than 13wt%, calculate according to sodium oxide in red mud and dealkalize tailings, whole process dealkalize rate reaches more than 92wt%, iron recovery reaches more than 85wt%, in sodium aluminate solution, aluminium recovery reaches more than 75wt%.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (7)
1. from red mud, reclaim a method for valuable metal, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime are carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture;
(2) described mixture is carried out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron;
(3) the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron is carried out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And
(4) described ultrafine powder is carried out separating treatment, to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.
2. want the method described in 1 according to right, it is characterized in that, in step (1), described red mud, described reductive agent and described unslaked lime are 100:(10 ~ 25 according to mass ratio): (5 ~ 35) mix.
3. want the method described in 1 according to right, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the temperature of described calcination process is 1000 ~ 1200 degrees Celsius.
4. want the method described in 1 according to right, it is characterized in that, in step (3), in described ultrafine powder, particle diameter is not higher than more than the 70wt% accounting for total ultrafine powder of 0.056 millimeter.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further:
(5) before described mixture is carried out calcination process, in advance forming processes is carried out to described mixture, to obtain mixing pelletizing.
6. from red mud, reclaim a system for valuable metal, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Mixing device, described mixing device has the outlet of red mud entrance, reductive agent entrance, unslaked lime entrance and mixture, and is suitable for red mud, reductive agent and unslaked lime being carried out combination treatment, to obtain mixture;
Calciner, described calciner has mixture entrance, sodium oxide outlet and solid mixture outlet, described mixture entrance exports with described mixture and is connected, and be suitable for described mixture to carry out calcination process, to obtain sodium oxide and to contain the solid mixture of sodium aluminate and iron;
Ultrafine Grinding device, described Ultrafine Grinding device has solids mixture inlet and ultrafine powder outlet, described solids mixture inlet exports with described solid mixture and is connected, and is suitable for the described solid mixture containing sodium aluminate and iron to carry out Ultrafine Grinding process, to obtain ultrafine powder; And
Tripping device, described tripping device has ultrafine powder entrance, iron product outlet, sodium aluminate solution outlet and tailings outlet, described ultrafine powder entrance exports with described ultrafine powder and is connected, and is suitable for described ultrafine powder to carry out separating treatment, to obtain iron product, sodium aluminate solution and tailings.
7. system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Shaped device, described shaped device has mixture import and the outlet of mixing pelletizing, described mixture import exports with described mixture and is connected, described mixing pelletizing outlet is connected with described mixture entrance, and be suitable for before described mixture is carried out calcination process, in advance forming processes is carried out to described mixture, to obtain mixing pelletizing.
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