CN104975961A - Method for determining a crankshaft position of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for determining a crankshaft position of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104975961A CN104975961A CN201510146499.1A CN201510146499A CN104975961A CN 104975961 A CN104975961 A CN 104975961A CN 201510146499 A CN201510146499 A CN 201510146499A CN 104975961 A CN104975961 A CN 104975961A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crank position
- value
- bent axle
- suo shu
- work cycle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0097—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating speed signals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/0205—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals using an auxiliary engine speed control
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining a crankshaft position of an internal combustion engine; a speed curve of the crankshaft is detected via a time; wherein the crankshaft position (OT *) is determined by comparing the speed characteristic with a known speed course of a working cycle of the internal combustion engine; wherein the known speed curve has a characteristic of the crankshaft position portion; wherein a signal of a crank shaft coupled to the electric machine is detected; wherein a least once per working cycle occurring value (OT 'OT' 'OT' '') of the signal is taken into account in determining the crankshaft position; and wherein determining the crankshaft position by superimposing and / or combining crankshaft position as determined by comparison of the speed curve is determined by the crankshaft position as from the value (OT 'OT' 'OT' '').
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the crank position for determining internal-combustion engine.
Background technique
The information that the operation of Modern Internal-Combustion Engine needs about present engine rotating speed can the engine controller of supplied for electronic use.Can use the sensor wheel be arranged on the bent axle of internal-combustion engine, its rotating speed is such as detected by the sensor of induced action or Hall-sensor for this reason.The metal marker thing of this sensor record process, and determine rotational speed by the time difference between two marks.
In order to implement the synchronous function of crank shaft angle, also detect the absolute position of bent axle, such as correctly to determine the moment of spraying and lighting a fire if desired.This is realized by the backlash on sensor wheel, and this backlash is identified by speed probe, and then can correspond to the crank shaft angle of regulation.Especially, identify that top dead center (OT) is very important at this.
According to the type of internal-combustion engine, other parameter must be detected by other sensor.In the four stroke engine with a cylinder, bent axle rotates two turn overs in each work cycle, although thus can crank position be determined by backlash, can not determine working stroke.Therefore such as obtain the top dead center at the end of compression stroke and the top dead center at the end of exhaust stroke, these top dead centers cannot be distinguished by backlash information.For motorcycle, such as, by carrying out this differentiation to the analysis of suction press.
For other internal-combustion engine, especially there is one with the internal-combustion engine of upper cylinder, can to bent axle, the position that detected by sensor analyzed, to obtain the out of Memory being used for accurate location.
Therefore, desirable to provide a kind of feasible program: the accurate location that also can provide bent axle even without additional parts.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, a kind of method with feature described in claim 1 is proposed.Favourable design proposal is the theme of dependent claims and following specification.
In the method for the crank position for determining internal-combustion engine according to the present invention especially top dead center, the speed curves (namely about the rotating speed of time) of bent axle is detected.At this, by this speed curves is determined crank position compared with the known speed curves of the work cycle of internal-combustion engine.This known speed curves such as can obtain on test stand.At this, known speed curves has (especially just what a) represents the part of crank position, thus can determine crank position according to producing in detected speed curves described part.
During work cycle known, especially for internal combustion engine start, this interactive relation of typical speed curves and the current speed curves detected on bent axle can realize the determination to crank position, because the speed curves during a work cycle does not have the region of repetition usually.Especially, igniting-top dead center (ZOT) only occur that important crank position is once represented by representational part in speed curves in each work cycle.Usually, ZOT appear at rotating speed minimum time or after rotating speed is minimum soon, when appearing at minimum value especially, and then this minimum value is a monotonically increasing (being close to straight line) curve, and on this curve, rotating speed enlarges markedly (being close to the value increasing to two times).
Therefore make differentiation between two top dead centers produced during can be implemented in a work cycle, this differentiation cannot be realized by means of only the sensor wheel with respective sensor.
According to the present invention, the signal of the motor coupled mutually with bent axle also to be detected, at this, the value especially occurred when arriving important crank position signal will be considered when determining crank position, that at least occur once in each work cycle.Especially, this can be realized by the bent axle adjustment motor correspondingly with reference to internal-combustion engine.Because the internal-combustion engine of modern vehicle be usually constructed to generator or the motor of so-called starter generator couple mutually, so the signal of described motor is also considered for determining crank position exactly.The signal of motor provides crank position more accurately, but mostly just provides ambiguously, because each work cycle can produce multiple value usually.This with usually use the motor of multipole relevant.With by speed curves correspondingly but usually a little inaccurately determine that crank position is superimposed and/or combined, therefore certain crank position can be determined very exactly.
The voltage signal of this signal, preferably a phase of motor, allows the Angle Position accurately of inferring bent axle very exactly.Especially, by preferably adjusting accordingly motor and bent axle when assembling, the Zero Crossing Point on rising edge edge, the Zero Crossing Point on trailing edge edge, minimum value or maximum value can be made to be associated with crank position such as top dead center as value.
Preferably, the representational part of speed curves comprises minimum value, maximum value, slope and/or threshold value.Depending on which crank position will be determined, various different part can be detected uniquely and/or especially shrewdly.
Advantageously, by measuring two time differences produced between the moment of described value, and carrying out computing with the crankshaft angles of process during this time difference, detecting the speed curves of bent axle thus.Adopt and can also know rotating speed itself by the signal that can intercept on motor in this way, no longer need the sensor wheel with respective sensor thus.
Advantageously, determine crank position by comparing (Abgleich) speed curves in initial work cycle, and determine crank position by giving counting to the appearance of described value in ensuing work cycle.Because representational speed curves produces when internal combustion engine start usually, so can crank position be determined at this especially.Subsequently can simply by means of the crank position of the counting of occurred value being inferred to hope.Such as, just occur three times if this value often turns around at bent axle, so desired crank position just produces after described value successively occurs six times.
Advantageously, the voltage signal of phase is produced by multiple magnetizing exciters of motor, and wherein, one of these magnetizing exciters differently construct with remaining magnetizing exciter, thus bent axle is often gone around, the part produced by this magnetizing exciter of voltage signal just in time once has described value at crank position.All occurring repeatedly if described value often turns around at bent axle, is exactly this situation when using the motor of multipole, and the described value so corresponding to crank position just must be determined by means of with known comparing of representational curve.If corresponding magnetizing exciter and corresponding pole change a little, so the amplitude of the part produced by it of signal also can change.Therefore the described value of the crank position belonging to desired can be identified more easily.But need to change motor, this may be do not wish to occur for this reason.
Especially programming technique is adopted to be designed to implement according to method of the present invention according to the controller of computing unit of the present invention, such as Motor Vehicle.
It is also favourable that described method is implemented on software form ground, because this can cause very low cost, especially when used controller is also used to other object and then natively exists.Suitable data medium for providing computer program is floppy disk, hard disk, flash memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM, DVD etc. especially.Also can pass through computer network (internet, Intranet etc.) to download.
Other advantage of the present invention and design proposal are drawn by specification and appended accompanying drawing.
Self-evident, the above-mentioned and following feature also will explained not only can be used in each given combination, and can be used in other combination, or is used alone, and does not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Schematically explain the present invention by means of the embodiment in accompanying drawing, hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, it is described in detail.
Fig. 1 schematically show according to prior art, the sensor wheel with the sensor for determining rotating speed;
Fig. 2 shows speed curves when starting internal-combustion engine during work cycle;
Fig. 3 a to 3c schematically illustrates single phase motor and corresponding signal curve and possible crank position;
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the signal curve of three phase electric machine and possible crank position.
Embodiment
Schematically show the sensor 10 of sensor wheel 20 and corresponding induction type in FIG, such as in the prior art they are used for determining rotating speed.Sensor wheel 20 is connected with the bent axle of internal-combustion engine usually regularly at this, and sensor 10 is fixedly mounted in suitable position by position.
Usually the sensor wheel 20 be made up of ferromagnetic material has tooth 22, has ground, interval 21 these teeth to be arranged in outside between two teeth 22.A position on outside, sensor wheel 20 has the gap 23 of regulation number of teeth length.This gap 23 is used as the reference mark of the absolute position identifying sensor wheel 20.
Sensor 10 has bar magnet 11, and this bar magnet is provided with the pole pin 12 of soft magnetism.This pole pin 12 again sensed coil 13 surrounded.When sensor wheel 20 rotates, tooth 22 and the space between every two teeth pass alternately between the inductor coil 13 of sensor 10.Because sensor wheel 20 and then described tooth 22 are also all made up of ferromagnetic material, can signal be induced in coil when rotating, differentiation can be made between tooth 22 and air gap thus.
The correlation at the angle surrounded by the time difference between two teeth and this two teeth, can calculate angular velocity or rotating speed.
At gap 23 place, the induced signal in inductor coil has curve when being different from replace at other and space tooth 22.Can absolute position be identified in this way, but only with a turn over of bent axle for reference.
Figure 2 illustrates the representational speed curves 60 being constructed to the bent axle of the internal-combustion engine of single-cylinder engine between the starting period continuing a work cycle.
Reach the top dead center (OT) of cylinder for twice, exactly, (draw to the right) 0 ° time and 360 ° time and reach.Determine the igniting-OT of time for spraying at this corresponding to OT when 0 °.Can be clear that from speed curves 60, the part of this OT of expression of speed curves 60, the long-range increase sharply namely after minimum value correspond to the igniting-OT 0 ° time.Therefore, at least to a certain extent can by speed curves determination crank position.The certain unreliability when determining is considered by scope OT*.
Show the motor 30 being constructed to single-phase generator in fig. 3 a, this motor comprises the rotor 32 and stator 33 with sense of rotation 40.Rotor 32 comprises six poles, and these poles are constructed to the opposed arctic 41 and the South Pole 42 respectively.
Motor 30 is suitably connected at this with the bent axle of internal-combustion engine or couples, thus makes the top dead center of internal-combustion engine be positioned at the position indicating OT.
Show the voltage U p that intercepts on the coil of stator 33 in fig 3b as voltage curve.Because motor 30 designs for six-pole, namely have three extremely right, rotor 32 often rotates a turn over 45 will produce three complete voltage sine wave, wherein, this is thought to rotor 32 does uniform circular movement.
Motor 30 and bent axle suitably point to, thus at the rising edge of voltage signal Up along reaching top dead center OT during Zero Crossing Point.But, because as already mentioned, often turn and all can produce three complete sine waves, so the Zero Crossing Point on three rising edge edges also can be produced.
Although this Zero Crossing Point can be detected exactly, can not by three Zero Crossing Points and top dead center OT clearly one_to_one corresponding.Or rather, three possible top dead center OT', OT'', OT''' can be identified.
Again illustrate in figure 3 c in one turn of 45(i.e. in this case half work cycle) period three possible top dead center OT', OT'', OT'''.Suppose that this turns first 360 ° of corresponding diagram 2, thus can additionally use OT* namely to light a fire the non-reliable district of-OT to represent the desired top dead center of Fig. 2.Work cycle will have six possible top dead centers and a non-reliable district OT*.
Therefore, by conjunction with these two kinds of methods, the crank position of hope can be known exactly.For this reason unique condition is, non-reliable district OT* is only suitably wide, thus only has a top dead center to correspond to this non-reliable district in possible top dead center OT', OT'', OT''' etc.
Figure 4 illustrates the voltage curve U of three phases of three phase electric machine
u, U
v, U
w.In order to identify possible top dead center OT', OT'', OT''', must select one of these phases at this, current is U
u, as so-called instruction phase.This such as can be realized by each signal line passing to analyzer-controller of each phase of motor.
Additionally, the time difference Δ t between value OT' and OT'' is such as depicted.By detecting this time difference Δ t, or also detecting the time difference subsequently between ensuing value, computing can be carried out in the angle of process during this time difference Δ t with rotor or bent axle and knowing rotating speed.Therefore, the sensor wheel with respective sensor can be saved.At this, resolution can also be improved by using the value of other phase.
Claims (13)
1. for determining a method for the crank position of internal-combustion engine,
Wherein, within a period of time, detect the speed curves of bent axle;
Wherein, crank position (OT*) is determined by described speed curves being compared with the known speed curves (60) of the work cycle of internal-combustion engine;
Wherein, described known speed curves (60) has the part representing crank position;
Wherein, the signal (U of the motor (30) coupled mutually with bent axle is detected
p, U
u);
Wherein, signal (U is considered when determining crank position
p, U
u), there is at least one times in each work cycle value (OT', OT'', OT'''); And
Wherein, by superimposed and/or combine, the determination of March axle position thus with the crank position such as determined by described value (OT', OT'', OT''') as by the crank position determined compared with described speed curves (60).
2., according to the process of claim 1 wherein, representational part comprises minimum value, maximum value, slope and/or threshold value.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein, suitably adjust described motor (30) with reference to bent axle, thus described value (OT', OT'', OT''') occurs when each work cycle has at least once at arrival crank position.
4. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described signal (U
p, U
u) comprise the voltage signal of the phase of motor (30).
5. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described value (OT', OT'', OT''') comprises the Zero Crossing Point on rising edge edge, the Zero Crossing Point on trailing edge edge, minimum value or maximum value.
6. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, by measuring two time differences (Δ t) gone out between now in described value (OT', OT'', OT'''), and carry out computing with the crankshaft angles of bent axle process during this time difference (Δ t), detect the speed curves of bent axle thus.
7. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, determining crank position by comparing speed curves in initial work cycle, wherein, in ensuing work cycle, determining crank position by giving counting to the appearance of described value (OT', OT'', OT''').
8. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, the voltage signal (U of phase
p, U
u) produced by multiple magnetizing exciters (41,42) of motor (30), wherein, one of described magnetizing exciter differently constructs with remaining magnetizing exciter, thus bent axle is often gone around, and the part produced by this magnetizing exciter of voltage signal just in time once has described value at crank position.
9. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described crank position is included in the position that each work cycle just in time occurs once, and wherein, a work cycle comprises two turn overs of bent axle.
10. according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described crank position comprises the top dead center of internal-combustion engine.
11. 1 kinds of computing units, it is designed to implement according to the method one of the claims Suo Shu.
12. 1 kinds of computer programs, when this computer program performs on computing unit, this computer program causes computing unit to implement according to the method one of claim 1 ~ 10 Suo Shu.
13. 1 kinds of machine-readable storage mediums, have stored thereon according to computer program according to claim 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014206182.2 | 2014-04-01 | ||
| DE102014206182.2A DE102014206182A1 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | Method for determining a crankshaft position of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104975961A true CN104975961A (en) | 2015-10-14 |
Family
ID=52648912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510146499.1A Pending CN104975961A (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2015-03-31 | Method for determining a crankshaft position of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2942512A3 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104975961A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014206182A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110017214A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-07-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the direction of rotation of the crankshaft of internal combustion engine |
| CN110043376A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The method of the start mode of internal combustion engine for identification |
| CN111007274A (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining a pole rotor angle of an electric machine |
| CN111005814A (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the rotational angle position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111448381A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-07-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining the rotational speed of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111448382A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-07-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining the rotational angle position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111601960A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-08-28 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the position of an internal combustion engine |
| CN113686236A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Crankshaft angle and strain measuring device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018200527A1 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining a position of an internal combustion engine |
| DE102021207797A1 (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2023-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method and device for phase detection of a piston movement in a cylinder of a multi-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine |
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- 2014-04-01 DE DE102014206182.2A patent/DE102014206182A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2015-03-12 EP EP15158740.9A patent/EP2942512A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-03-31 CN CN201510146499.1A patent/CN104975961A/en active Pending
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110017214A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-07-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the direction of rotation of the crankshaft of internal combustion engine |
| CN111448381A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-07-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining the rotational speed of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111448382A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-07-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining the rotational angle position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111448381B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2022-12-06 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for determining the rotational speed of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN110017214B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2023-04-07 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the direction of rotation of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN110043376A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The method of the start mode of internal combustion engine for identification |
| CN111601960A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-08-28 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the position of an internal combustion engine |
| CN110043376B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2023-06-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for detecting a start mode of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111007274A (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining a pole rotor angle of an electric machine |
| CN111005814A (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the rotational angle position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111005814B (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2023-05-12 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for determining the rotational angle position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine |
| CN113686236A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Crankshaft angle and strain measuring device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102014206182A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
| EP2942512A3 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| EP2942512A2 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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Application publication date: 20151014 |