A kind of pusher diker and fill method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea wall and build engineering field, particularly relate to a kind of pusher diker and fill method thereof.
Background technology
Sea wall is the dykes and dams built in river mouth or coastal area.Sea wall directly bears stormy waves, tidewater, torrent, is generally to be used for control as the main part of project to enclose sea areas to enclose district's water level, meets the protected working requirement of the aspects such as salt manufacturing, aquaculture, industrial land, traffic shipping.
In sea wall construction work, enclose extra large fill under the operating mode comparatively large in the depth of water, mud is deep, current are more anxious, adopted controlled loading explosion sludge-extruding displacement method in the past, be called for short explosion sludge-extruding displacement method.Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN1477271A discloses one " controlled loading explosion sludge-extruding displacement method ", and its operating process mainly comprises a and determines levee body throwing height; B, according to described levee body throwing height and levee body design section, determines levee body throwing width; C, according to levee body throwing height and described levee body throwing width, determines that the silt degree of depth is squeezed in levee body deadweight, and will arrive design section and still need and squeeze the silt depth that removes; D determines explosive parameters; E carries out throwing; F lays group's cartridge bag at dike head, the group's cartridge bag described in then igniting, and implements the blast of dike head, makes levee body sink to carrying out removing silt for replacement; Then step e, f is repeated, until levee body design section is formed.Although can sea wall be built by explosion sludge-extruding displacement method building sea wall, but also there is many weak points: 1, blast is moment, the process of blast be result that is uncontrollable, detonation is random, carries out removing silt for replacement can not ensure that the appearance and size of sea wall is consistent with drawing with sea wall bottom surface elevation by blast; 2, be difficult to adapt to complicated geological conditions; 3, explosion vibration can activate bottom sea wall and surrounding mud, may occur the mud on slope and dike sliding, cause serious quality accident when practice of construction; There is potential safety hazard in operation of 4, exploding.A kind of so need geological conditions that can adapt to complexity, and fill method of construction stability.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of structure reliable diker, to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of pusher diker, comprise the shaping cabin of main body cabin and rear end, main body cabin, front end and the bottom in described main body cabin are provided with multiple spray-hole, the bottom in described main body cabin is provided with the propelling cylinder of multiple front and back setting, the piston rod of propelling cylinder can reach shaping cabin from the end plate in main body cabin, top, main body cabin is provided with hydraulic pump group and water pump group, hydraulic pump group is connected with propelling cylinder, water pump group is communicated with spray-hole by pipeline, dividing plate is provided with between the upper and lower in main body cabin, top, main body cabin is provided with multiple stage mooring winch, described shaping cabin comprises left and right baffle plate and lower baffle plate, and left and right baffle plate is connected with the left and right two ends in main body cabin, and lower baffle plate is connected with the base plate in main body cabin.
Preferably, the two ends, left and right at top, described main body cabin be also respectively equipped with one can the buoyancy aid cabin of retaining.
Preferably, the upper cover of piston rod of described propelling cylinder has sleeve, and one end of sleeve is provided with end cap, is hinged inside described end cap with the piston rod top of propelling cylinder.
Preferably, bottom, described main body cabin is divided into piggyback pod and retaining cabin, and described propelling cylinder is in piggyback pod.
Further, the bottom of described piggyback pod is provided with dredging tube road.
Another problem that the present invention will solve proposes a kind of method of being built fill by described pusher diker.
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of fill method of pusher diker, comprises the following steps:
One, according to construction drawing setting-out, throwing mark is set up and the mark that casts anchor, and by relevant mark position parameters input GPS navigation system so that location;
Two, described pusher diker is dragged to job site by workboat, according to the original position of throwing mark determination diker, according to casting anchor, the anchor on mooring winch is thrown to mark position of casting anchor by mark, and the piston rod of diker propelling cylinder is in contraction state;
Three, diker front end is transferred in water down, after diker front end contacts with mud, the spray-hole inject high pressure water of diker front end and lower end activates, washes mud open, building stones transport barge throws in building stones along the shaping Ceiling side of diker in shaping cabin simultaneously, building stones accelerate to make the center of diker skew occur and tilt while diker sinks, and diker upset is finally erected in mud;
Four, building stones transport barge is travelled the top to diker setting aftershaping cabin, continue to jackstone in shaping cabin, when piston rod higher than propelling cylinder of the height of building stones, piston rod stretches out and promotes building stones backward from main body cabin, building stones are to diker one reaction force forward, spray-hole simultaneously on diker is in spray regime always, activate, wash open the mud of diker front end and lower end, diker squeezes mud and travels forward, and assists the attitude controlling diker at diker motion process stream line winch folding and unfolding hinge;
Five, diker travels forward, and building stones transport barge travels forward together and continues jackstone, and the piston rod of propelling cylinder is repeatedly flexible promotes the construction that building stones carry out bottom sea wall, carries out throwing construction when not affecting diker work to top sea wall simultaneously;
Six, after fill terminates, stop jackstone, workboat is by anchor pull-up from water, and mooring winch packs up anchor by hinge, and diker pull-up is dragged away and exited station by workboat.
Preferably, in described step 3, before diker is transferred, the retaining cabin in diker main body cabin is opened into water.
Preferably, in described step 3, in diker setting process, diker buoyancy aid cabin regulates the left-right balance of diker by water inlet, draining.
Preferably, in described step 6, diker is after quitting work, its retaining cabin and the draining simultaneously of buoyancy aid cabin.
As mentioned above, a kind of pusher diker of the present invention and fill method thereof, have following beneficial effect:
One, the profile of sea wall is because the position-limiting action of the left and right baffle plate in shaping cabin well can coincide with working drawing, and levee body more appearance is regular; Simultaneously, current comparatively large in the depth of water are faster in situation, and the left and right baffle plate in shaping cabin can avoid building stones to be washed away by current, has effectively saved the use of building stones, has greatly reduced cost.
Two, the effect because of propelling cylinder between building stones can make levee body evenly closely knit, and the compaction rate of the known levee body of thrust by observation propelling cylinder, and then can regulate compaction rate in construction, therefore can meet the requirement that sea wall is built better.
Three, explosion vibration is not had when constructing, excessive impact can not be caused to the mud around levee body, levee body bottom surface can not be made to be uneven, also can not cause the mud on slope and dike sliding because of explosion vibration and then cause serious quality accident, the present invention extraordinaryly can meet the construction requirement built floated sea wall and build sea wall on the slope in deep & thick silt layer.
Four, the position adjusting pusher diker floating or sinking can adjust sea wall bottom surface absolute altitude, so the present invention can adapt to uncomplicated changeable geological conditions better.
Five, the fill method of diker is advanced can be applicable to building stones by the vehicle-mounted fill form extended forward gradually from dike head jackstone, the fill method of building stones by building stones transport barge jackstone can be applicable to again, or two kinds of transportation resources use simultaneously, accelerate speed of application, the reduction of erection time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the face upwarding assumption diagram of the pusher diker of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the backsight structure chart of the pusher diker of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the forward sight structure chart of the pusher diker of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the pusher diker of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is fill method step figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the Power output schematic diagram of the pusher diker of the present invention.
In figure: 1 main body cabin 11 spray-hole
12 dividing plate 13 piggyback pods
14 shaping cabin, retaining cabins 2
3 propelling cylinder 31 sleeves
4 mooring winch 5 buoyancy aid cabins
51 location-plate 6 building stones transport barges
Detailed description of the invention
The structure that Figure of description illustrates, ratio, size etc., content all only in order to coordinate manual to disclose, understand for person skilled in the art scholar and read, and be not used to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the not technical essential meaning of tool, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, is not affecting under effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, and all should still drop in scope that disclosed technology contents can contain.Simultaneously, quote in this manual as " on ", D score, "front", "rear", the term such as " centre ", also only for ease of understanding of describing, and be not used to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
The pusher diker built for sea wall for the present invention is a kind of as Figure 1-Figure 4, comprise the shaping cabin 2 of main body cabin 1 and rear end, main body cabin 1, the front end in described main body cabin 1 and bottom are provided with multiple spray-hole 11, the bottom in described main body cabin 1 is provided with the propelling cylinder 3 of multiple front and back setting, the end plate in main body cabin 1 has the hole of stretching out for propelling cylinder 3 piston rod.Top, main body cabin 1 is provided with hydraulic pump group and water pump group, and hydraulic pump group is connected with propelling cylinder 3, and water pump group is communicated with spray-hole 11 by pipeline.This diker works in water, so be provided with dividing plate 12 between the upper and lower in main body cabin 1, top forms sealing cabin and prevents from leaking.The Main Function of diker removes mud in water, water-bed mud is because there is a variety of situation such as slope, gully in geologic structure, so the work of conveniently diker, described top, main body cabin 1 is provided with multiple stage for adjusting the mooring winch 4 of location, and mooring winch 4 is provided with the hinge of band anchor.Anchor when diker works on mooring winch 4 can be thrown to different directions, is reached the object of adjustment diker by folding and unfolding hinge.Shaping cabin 2 in the present invention comprises left and right baffle plate and lower baffle plate, and left and right baffle plate is connected with the left and right two ends in main body cabin 1, and lower baffle plate is connected with the base plate in main body cabin 1, and namely the upper end in shaping cabin 2 and rear end are unlimited, in skip bucket shape.
The operating principle of diker of the present invention is: diker is placed into the position needing fill, by the effect of spray-hole 11, diker is sunk in mud gradually, then to jackstone in shaping cabin 2, after building stones height is greater than the height of propelling cylinder 3, propelling cylinder 3 piston rod stretches out promotion building stones backward, because building stones rear is the firmer mud of not activation, building stones can not squeeze mud, so building stones can give whole diker one reaction force forward, simultaneously because spray-hole 11 works and can activate always, wash the mud of front end and lower end open, so diker advances, front end mud is squeezed, diker continuous jackstone when advancing completes the throwing to sea wall bottom, then by conventional method to sea wall top throwing and then the construction completing whole sea wall levee body.
Because diker is made up of metal material, so weight is very large, conveniently transport movement, preferably embodiment be arrange one respectively at the two ends, left and right at top, main body cabin 1 can the buoyancy aid cabin 5 of retaining, buoyancy aid cabin 5 can be controlled diker and floated in water or sink by water inlet, draining; Described buoyancy aid cabin 5 can also adjust the left-right balance of diker when moving by water inlet, draining simultaneously.Mooring winch 4 in the present invention is arranged on buoyancy aid cabin 5, and each buoyancy aid cabin 5 is provided with two.
In the present invention, described propelling cylinder 3 is as main power take-off, and its piston rod promotes building stones backward, and the principle according to active force and reaction force makes diker advance.Operationally, if directly promoted the building stones of bottom, shaping cabin 2 by piston rod, building stones so more than piston rod can produce very large pressure to piston rod, be easy to damage piston rod, so preferably embodiment arranges sleeve 31 on the piston rod of propelling cylinder 3, one end of sleeve 31 is provided with end cap, is provided with ball-and-socket inside described end cap, the piston rod top of described propelling cylinder 3 is provided with bulb, and bulb and ball and socket coordinate.The external diameter of described sleeve 31 is greater than the external diameter of propelling cylinder 3 to meet piston rod flexible needs operationally, and when piston rod stretches, sleeve 31 to stretch out from the rear end in main body cabin 1 along with piston rod and bounces back, but sleeve 31 can not stretch out from rear end, main body cabin 1 completely.Operationally in order to damper piston bar top building stones are to the pressure effect of piston rod; certain gap is had between hole on the outer circumference surface of described sleeve 31 and main body cabin 1 end plate; because piston rod and sleeve 31 are hinged; so sleeve 31 can do small sway with compensator or trimmer pressure using the bulb of piston rod as fulcrum; can not piston rod be had influence on simultaneously, protect piston rod further.The object arranging sleeve 31 is also the active area increasing propelling cylinder 3 pairs of building stones, because the diameter of piston rod is less, if only promote building stones so by piston rod, need a lot of propelling cylinder 3, this adds cost undoubtedly.In the present embodiment, sleeve 31 is set on the piston rod, the end face diameter of sleeve 31 is more much larger than piston rod end face, so greatly increase the active area to building stones, and then decreases the use of propelling cylinder 3, saved cost, the propelling cylinder 3 in the present embodiment is provided with four.
In the present embodiment, bottom, described main body cabin 1 is divided into piggyback pod 13 and retaining cabin 14, and described propelling cylinder 3 is in piggyback pod 13.Described retaining cabin 14 can intake draining, also can regulate buoyancy, play booster action when the transport of diker is moved.Propelling cylinder 3 is operationally in water, so the silt in water can enter into piggyback pod 13, in order to avoid influence to sediment propelling cylinder 3 works, the bottom of described piggyback pod 13 is provided with dredging tube road, when after diker work a period of time, silt in piggyback pod 13 is cleared up.
For diker be build sea wall in the water of ramped shaped at mud in the present embodiment, because sea wall is built along slope, institute thinks and ensures will there be larger width at the bottom of levee body monolithic stability dike; Simultaneously because mud is ramped shaped, inside levee body, mud face height is greater than mud face, outside height, if planar end surface is arranged in front end, main body cabin 1, so inner side mud is not easily extruded, also can greatly add heavily to the difficulty of the work simultaneously, so as shown in Figure 6, inclined plane shape to be arranged in front end, main body cabin 1, push inner side mud to outside by inclined-plane.As shown in Figure 2, the present invention, by the position of the left and right baffle plate restriction building stones in shaping cabin 2, effectively prevent building stones and is scattered towards periphery, causes waste.According to above-mentioned condition, and shown in composition graphs 1-6, the method for being carried out sea wall construction by pusher diker is mainly comprised the following steps:
First according to construction drawing setting-out, throwing mark to be set up and the mark that casts anchor, and by relevant mark position parameters input GPS navigation system so that location.Guarantee that in the retaining cabin 14 of diker and buoyancy aid cabin 5 be anhydrous state, fill function is made to float in water, then pusher for the present invention diker (hereinafter referred to as diker) is dragged to job site according to GPS navigation system by workboat, according to the original position of throwing mark determination diker, according to casting anchor, the anchor on mooring winch 4 is thrown to mark position of casting anchor by mark, and the piston rod of diker propelling cylinder 3 is in contraction state.
Composition graphs 4 and Fig. 5, after diker and anchor are all in operating position, diker is adjusted to front end state down, the retaining cabin 14 in diker main body cabin 1 is opened into water, and diker sinks to entering in water because weight increases.Generally, diker is just in front end state down in the process being dragged to throwing mark position by workboat; If but diker run-off the straight in haul process, by workboat, diker is adjusted, guarantee that front end is down.As shown in Figure 5 a, after diker front end face contacts with mud, the spray-hole 11 inject high pressure water of diker front end and lower end activates and washes mud open; Building stones transport barge 6 simultaneously with building stones drives near diker, building stones transport barge 6 throws in building stones along the shaping cabin 13 base plate side of diker in shaping cabin 13, as shown in Figure 5 b, building stones are while acceleration diker sinks, also make the centre-of gravity shift of diker and tilt, so diker upset is finally erected in mud, as shown in Figure 5 c.In diker setting process, diker buoyancy aid cabin 5 regulates the left-right balance of diker by water inlet draining, prevents because the factor such as geological conditions, current in water causes diker to tilt and the normal work of impact.
Diker is erected at after in mud, its buoyancy aid cabin 5 can higher than the water surface, as shown in Figure 3, the rear end in buoyancy aid cabin 5 is respectively equipped with the location-plate 51 extended back, building stones transport barge shipping agency 6 is travelled the top to shaping cabin 13 and abuts in location-plate 51 edge, location-plate 51 will be separated out one piece of jackstone space between main body cabin 1 and building stones transport barge 6, building stones transport barge 6 is continued to jackstone in shaping cabin 13 by this jackstone space, as fig 5d, when piston rod higher than propelling cylinder 3 of the piling height of building stones, piston rod stretches out and promotes building stones backward from main body cabin 1, according to active force and reaction force principle, building stones are to diker active force pushed away forward, spray-hole 11 simultaneously on diker is in spray regime always and activates and the mud washing diker front end and lower end open, diker squeezes mud and travels forward.In diker motion process, mooring winch 4 folding and unfolding hinge, the auxiliary attitude controlling diker, can play power-assisted effect simultaneously; F1 is the thrust of propelling cylinder 3 pairs of dikers as shown in Figure 6, F2 is the pulling force of anchor cable to diker.In diker traveling process, piston rod makes the contact between building stones more tight and makes levee body tightr when promoting building stones backward, and because there is the interaction force in all directions between building stones, so in diker progradation, active force downward between building stones can make levee body sink in the firm mud of lower floor, and levee body can be made more firm.
When motion pushed ahead by diker, building stones transport barge 6 travels forward together and continues jackstone, and the piston rod of propelling cylinder 3 is repeatedly flexible promotes the construction that building stones carry out bottom sea wall; Meanwhile, when not affecting diker operation, to above constructed bottom sea wall by other building stones transport barges 6 or vehicle-mountedly carry out throwing to top sea wall.Throwing bulk suppression stone is surveyed in off-lying sea to reinforce sea wall after top sea wall throwing is complete.After fill terminates, stop jackstone, workboat is by anchor pull-up from water, and mooring winch 4 packs up anchor by hinge, and in buoyancy aid cabin 5, retaining cabin 14, water all discharges the buoyancy increasing diker, and diker pull-up is dragged away and exited station by workboat.
In sum, a kind of pusher diker of the present invention and fill method thereof, can, the quality that when mud thicker, current more anxious ensure build sea wall comparatively large in the depth of water, improve operational security.So the present invention effectively overcomes practical problems more of the prior art thus has very high value and use meaning.
Above-mentioned embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.The present invention also has many aspects can improve under the prerequisite of overall thought, all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or change for person skilled in the art scholar.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.