CN104975356A - Mulberry bark degumming method - Google Patents
Mulberry bark degumming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104975356A CN104975356A CN201510350900.3A CN201510350900A CN104975356A CN 104975356 A CN104975356 A CN 104975356A CN 201510350900 A CN201510350900 A CN 201510350900A CN 104975356 A CN104975356 A CN 104975356A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mulberry bark degumming method. The method comprises the following steps: removing surface layer spots and scabs from new sheared ramulus mori, peeling mulberry bark, and removing mulberry bark surface green peel; immersing the above obtained processed mulberry bark in water, striking, and washing by using clear water; carrying out steam explosion on the above obtained processed mulberry bark to obtain mulberry bark fibers, and washing the mulberry bark fibers by using clear water; carrying out microbial degumming on the washed mulberry bark fibers, washing fermented mulberry bark fibers by using clear water, and dehydrating; immersing the dehydrated mulberry bark fibers in an oil emulsion, taking out the immersed mulberry bark fibers, stacking, and oiling; and loosing the oiled mulberry bark fibers, drying the flattened mulberry bark fibers in an oven to obtain a finished degummed mulberry bark fiber product. The method adopts steam explosion physical effect to loosen gums and also adopts a biological technology to digest residual partial gums in order to realize cleaning and efficient degumming purposes and solve the technical problems of traditional mulberry bark degumming methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fibre production, be specifically related to a kind of degumming mulberry bark method.
Background technology
Mulberry tree belongs to Moraceae Morus, and China plants Sang Yangcan country the earliest in the world, and the mulberry tree kind matter of Collection and conservation adheres to 3 mutation of 15 mulberry kinds separately, is the country that mulberry kind is maximum in the world.Wherein cultigen has Morus multicaulis, Bai Sang, mulberry kwangtung, auspicious fringe mulberry; Wild Mulberry kind has long fringe mulberry, morus laevigata, black mulberry, Hua Sang, serration mulberry, covers mulberry, morus bombycis, morus notabili, Tang ghost mulberry, Yunnan mulberry, chicken mulberry; Mutation there's something fishy mulberry (covering the mutation of mulberry), great Ye mulberry (mutation of Bai Sang), Morus alba cv Pendula (mutation of Bai Sang).China's mulberry cultivation is in extensive range, northeast on the south Harbin, northwest from Southern Nei Mongol to Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, reach Guangdong, Guangxi in the south, to the east of Taiwan, to Sichuan, Yunnan, with the cultivation of various places, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River at most.
About there are 8,000,000 mu of mulberry fields in China, and mulberry leaf are used for breeding silkworms, and the branch major part of cutting down is burnt when bavin or passes into disuse, and this is an extremely huge cheap raw material market.The ramulus mori used at present is mainly for the production of fiberboard, papermaking, extraction Chinese medicine etc., and wherein mulberry skin is mainly used in the production of mulberry fibre.Mulberry fibre for the fully natural green textile fabric that raw material therefrom extracts, has excellent hygroscopicity, gas permeability, warmth retention property and certain health-care effect with paper mulberry bark (mulberry tree prune branch), and its gloss is good, soft, be easy to dyeing.The feature of the existing cotton of mulberry fibre, has again flax fibre advantage, therefore has extremely wide application prospect, is a kind of fully natural green fiber with high added value.
Degumming mulberry bark is the key extracting mulberry fibre.Existing research, based on chemical degumming law, biological degumming method and chemical-bio combined degumming method, cannot solve environmental pollution all the time and the problem such as efficiency is low, is not suitable for Requirements of New Industrialization to such an extent as to develops limited.The present invention considers environmental protection and efficiency, adopts the quick-fried swollen quick-fried effect of physics of steam to loosen colloid, then clears up residual fraction colloid by biotechnology, finally reach clean, object of efficiently coming unstuck, and solves the technical barrier of traditional degumming mulberry bark method.
Steam explosion technology is invented by Mason the earliest and for pulping process, is called Maonite method.On Masonite Process ba-sis, people have carried out a large amount of improvement to steam explosion pulping.Stake and Kokta method is wherein all first preimpregnation material, then decatize in short-term at high temperature under high pressure, last explosion.
The common ground of the quick-fried technique of steam all is at present boiling in short-term and high pressure explosion.There is cyto-architectural plant material vapor phase pulping under high pressure (0.8-3.4MPa), high temperature (180-240 DEG C) medium, the less degraded of cellulose also keeps its crystallinity, hemicellulose and lignin then produce some acidic materials, hemicellulose degradation is made to become soluble sugar, the lignin of compound middle lamella softens and Partial digestion simultaneously, thus has slackened interfibrous bonding.Next is blasting process, and vapour phase saturated vapor and the acting in conjunction of high temperature liquid water two media are in material, and the adiabatic expansion completed instantaneously, produces and repeatedly shear, make material be dissociated into single fibrocyte from intercellular layer.
Main component in mulberry skin is cellulose (about 32%), pectin (about 26%), hemicellulose (about 18%), lignin (about 7%), the hydrotrope (about 11%) etc., the gum levels such as pectin, hemicellulose and lignin are higher, and these colloids and cellulose are interweaved and form the complicated cell wall structure being difficult to degrade.Because steam explosion technology can be degraded part colloid and little on cellulose impact, its explosion shear action can make mulberry skin be dissociated into less fibre bundle or filament, be conducive to mulberry fibre and other Component seperation, thus may be used for degumming mulberry bark process, compare chemical degumming law, this technology act as master with physical mechanical, more clean, environmental protection.
Because in mulberry skin, gum level is very high, Steam explosion treatment degumming effect is limited, but is more conducive to microbial action to the structural damage of material intercellular layer.Research shows, stalk is after steam blasting, and its enzymatic hydrolyzation can reach 80-90%, improves 60-70% than the stalk enzymatic hydrolyzation quick-fried without vapour.Therefore, biological degumming process is carried out to the mulberry skin after steam blasting, biological agent effect can be strengthened, significantly improve efficiency of coming unstuck.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention pollutes greatly for solving in degumming mulberry bark process, and inefficient problem, provides a kind of degumming mulberry bark method of clean and effective
The invention provides a kind of degumming mulberry bark method, comprise the following steps:
By newly cutting ramulus mori removing top layer scurf, scabbing, strip mulberry skin, remove mulberry skin top layer rascal;
The described mulberry skin handled well is soaked in water, then beats, then rinse well with clear water;
By the mulberry skin steam blasting after previous step process, obtain mulberry fibre, mulberry fibre clear water is rinsed well;
The described mulberry fibre rinsed well is carried out biological degumming, fermentation, the mulberry fibre clear water after coming unstuck is rinsed well, dehydration;
Again the mulberry fibre after dehydration is immersed and soak in fat liquor, then pull stacking out and oil;
Described mulberry fibre after oiling is shaken up, is shakeout, and puts into oven for drying, obtains the mulberry fibre finished product that comes unstuck.
Further, described steam blasting is the mulberry skin first previous step handled well is the NaHCO of 2% ~ 6% in concentration
3solution soaks 30min, pulls draining out and controls the NaHCO that adsorbs in mulberry skin
3the amount of solution makes its moisture content be 50% ~ 300%, then is placed in steam-explosion jar, ties up pressure 5 ~ 10min, unexpected release of pressure explosion under pressure 1.2 ~ 2.0MPa.
Further, described biological degumming is that the described mulberry fibre rinsed well is heated 30min at 100 ~ 130 DEG C, and be placed in biological degumming solution fermentation 24 ~ 48h, the bath raio of degumming baths is 1:30, temperature 25 ~ 50 DEG C, and degummase concentration is 15g/L.
Further, described degummase is pectase.
Further, the mulberry fibre after described dehydration and described bath raio of giving fat liquor are 1:20; Be 50 ~ 70 DEG C to the described soaking temperature in fat liquor, soak time 2 ~ 3h, pulls out and stacks the 5 ~ 8h that oils.
Further, described be the oil supply finish concentration be mixed with that adds water to fat liquor is the emulsion of 2 ~ 3g/L, and described oil supply finish comprises vegetable oil, emulsifier op-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) and penetrating agent JFC-1 (fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether).
Further, described bake out temperature is 70 ~ 90 DEG C.
Further, described in beat frequency be 30 times/min ~ 240 time/min, the time is 10 ~ 30min.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: degumming mulberry bark method of the present invention, adopts the method for steam explosion technology and biofermentation technique combination degumming, to come unstuck extraction mulberry fibre to mulberry skin.In degumming mulberry bark process, do not re-use the chemical reagent such as acid, alkali, only use a small amount of NaHCO
3and finish, the use amount of chemicals compares common chemical degumming law minimizing more than 95% with discharge capacity.This technique destroys the intercellular layer structure of mulberry skin mainly through the physical action of steam boiling in short-term (5 ~ 10 minutes) and explosion, compares chemical method and significantly shortens the processing time.Clear up residual colloid by biofermentation again, due to the facilitation of steam blasting, biological degumming efficiency is compared traditional biological degumming method and is significantly improved.The character of final obtained mulberry fibre remains unchanged substantially.Due to method of the present invention mainly physical action and biological agent, substantially chemicals is not added, also produce and discharge without poisonous and harmful substance in whole technological process, therefore the method is a kind of degumming tech technology of clean environment firendly, meet the requirement of Ecological Development, the clean, efficient of study on Degumming Procedure of Mulberry Fiber can be realized, solve the pollution problem in traditional handicraft and efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereafter will describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments.It should be noted that the combination of technical characteristic or the technical characteristic described in following embodiment should not be considered to isolated, they can mutually be combined thus be reached better technique effect.
Embodiment one
1. cleaning newly cutting ramulus mori cleaning wire ball, removing surperficial scurf, scabbing, reducing the impurity bringing rear operation into, strip mulberry skin.
2. scrape off mulberry skin top layer rascal with scraper, now white or occur that fiber is advisable with mulberry skin, avoid damage or loss fiber.
3. get 100g mulberry skin, put into 1L container, add water 50g, beats mulberry skin with wooden mallet, striking frequency 120 times/min, hits 15 minutes continuously, then rinsed well by mulberry skin with clear water.
4. be 5%NaHCO by upper step mulberry skin in the concentration of 100ml
3soak 30min in solution, draining makes mulberry skin moisture content be 300%, pours in steam-explosion jar, and heating pressurization, keeps 10 minutes, open pressure relief valve rapidly under pressure 1.6MPa, and steam blasting occurs.Mulberry fibre bundle is injected on collecting net, rinses well with clear water.
5. biological degumming.First mulberry fibre bundle is heated 30min at 110 DEG C, then be placed in biological degumming solution.De-alkali additives parameter: temperature 40 DEG C, bath raio 1:30, pectase concentration 15g/L, time 48h.Again mulberry fibre is pulled out, rinse with clear water, dehydration.
6. be re-dubbed oil supply finish with vegetable oil, emulsifier op-10, penetrating agent JFC-1, being added water to be made into by oil supply finish oils to fat liquor.Oil supply emulsion concentration 2g/L, temperature 60 C, bath raio 1:20, soak 2h, pull out and stack 6h, every 2h stirs 1 time.
7. the mulberry fibre of first-class oil is shaken up, shakeout, dry at 85 DEG C, obtain mulberry fibre finished product.
Embodiment two
1. cleaning newly cutting ramulus mori cleaning wire ball, removing surperficial scurf, scabbing, reducing the impurity bringing rear operation into, strip mulberry skin.
2. scrape off mulberry skin top layer rascal with scraper, now white or occur that fiber is advisable with mulberry skin, avoid damage or loss fiber.
3. get 100g mulberry skin, put into 1L container, add water 50g, beats mulberry skin with wooden mallet, striking frequency 30 times/min, hits 30 minutes continuously, then rinsed well by mulberry skin with clear water.
4. be 2%NaHCO by upper step mulberry skin in 100ml concentration
3soak 30min in solution, draining makes mulberry skin moisture content be 80%, pours in steam-explosion jar, and heating pressurization, keeps 10 minutes, open pressure relief valve rapidly under pressure 1.2MPa, and steam blasting occurs.Mulberry fibre bundle is injected on collecting net, rinses well with clear water.
5. biological degumming.First mulberry fibre bundle is heated 30min at 100 DEG C, then be placed in biological degumming solution.De-alkali additives parameter: temperature 50 C, bath raio 1:30, pectase concentration 15g/L, time 48h.Again mulberry fibre is pulled out, rinse with clear water, dehydration.
6. be re-dubbed oil supply finish with vegetable oil, emulsifier op-10, penetrating agent JFC-1, being added water to be made into by oil supply finish oils to fat liquor.Oil supply emulsion concentration 2g/L, temperature 70 C, bath raio 1:20, soak 2h, pull out and stack 5h, every 2h stirs 1 time.
7. the mulberry fibre of first-class oil is shaken up, shakeout, dry at 70 DEG C, obtain mulberry fibre finished product.
Embodiment three
1. cleaning newly cutting ramulus mori cleaning wire ball, removing surperficial scurf, scabbing, reducing the impurity bringing rear operation into, strip mulberry skin.
2. scrape off mulberry skin top layer rascal with scraper, now white or occur that fiber is advisable with mulberry skin, avoid damage or loss fiber.
3. get 100g mulberry skin, put into 1L container, add water 50g, beats mulberry skin with wooden mallet, striking frequency 240 times/min, hits 10 minutes continuously, then rinsed well by mulberry skin with clear water.
4. be 6%NaHCO by upper step mulberry skin in 100ml concentration
3soak 30min in solution, draining makes mulberry skin moisture content be 50%, pours in steam-explosion jar, and heating pressurization, keeps 5 minutes, open pressure relief valve rapidly under pressure 2MPa, and steam blasting occurs.Mulberry fibre bundle is injected on collecting net, rinses well with clear water.
5. biological degumming.First mulberry fibre bundle is heated 30min at 130 DEG C, then be placed in biological degumming solution.De-alkali additives parameter: temperature 25 DEG C, bath raio 1:30, pectase concentration 15g/L, time 24h.Again mulberry fibre is pulled out, rinse with clear water, dehydration.
6. be re-dubbed oil supply finish with vegetable oil, emulsifier op-10, penetrating agent JFC-1, being added water to be made into by oil supply finish oils to fat liquor.Oil supply emulsion concentration 3g/L, temperature 50 C, bath raio 1:20, soak 3h, pull out and stack 8h, every 2h stirs 1 time.
7. the mulberry fibre of first-class oil is shaken up, shakeout, dry at 90 DEG C, obtain mulberry fibre finished product.
Degumming mulberry bark method of the present invention, adopts the method for steam explosion technology and biofermentation technique combination degumming, to come unstuck extraction mulberry fibre to mulberry skin.In degumming mulberry bark process, do not re-use the chemical reagent such as acid, alkali, only use a small amount of NaHCO
3and finish, the use amount of chemicals compares common chemical degumming law minimizing more than 95% with discharge capacity.This technique destroys the intercellular layer structure of mulberry skin mainly through the physical action of steam boiling in short-term (5 ~ 10 minutes) and explosion, compares chemical method and significantly shortens the processing time.Clear up residual colloid by biofermentation again, due to the facilitation of steam blasting, biological degumming efficiency is compared traditional biological degumming method and is significantly improved.The character of final obtained mulberry fibre remains unchanged substantially.Due to method of the present invention mainly physical action and biological agent, substantially chemicals is not added, also produce and discharge without poisonous and harmful substance in whole technological process, therefore the method is a kind of degumming tech technology of clean environment firendly, meet the requirement of Ecological Development, the clean, efficient of study on Degumming Procedure of Mulberry Fiber can be realized, solve the pollution problem in traditional handicraft and efficiency.
Although give some embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that without departing from the spirit of the invention herein, can change embodiment herein.Above-described embodiment is exemplary, should using embodiment herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a degumming mulberry bark method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
By newly cutting ramulus mori removing top layer scurf, scabbing, strip mulberry skin, remove mulberry skin top layer rascal;
The described mulberry skin handled well is soaked in water, then beats, then rinse well with clear water;
By the mulberry skin steam blasting after previous step process, obtain mulberry fibre, mulberry fibre clear water is rinsed well;
The described mulberry fibre rinsed well is carried out biological degumming, fermentation, the mulberry fibre clear water after fermentation is rinsed well, dehydration;
Again the mulberry fibre after dehydration is immersed and soak in fat liquor, then pull stacking out and oil;
Described mulberry fibre after oiling is shaken up, is shakeout, and puts into oven for drying, obtains the mulberry fibre finished product that comes unstuck.
2. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steam blasting is the mulberry skin first previous step handled well is the NaHCO of 2% ~ 6% in concentration
3soak 30min in solution, make the moisture content of mulberry skin be 50% ~ 300%, then be placed in steam-explosion jar, under pressure 1.2 ~ 2.0MPa, tie up pressure 5 ~ 10min, unexpected release of pressure explosion.
3. the degumming mulberry bark method as described in any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described biological degumming is that the described mulberry fibre rinsed well is heated 30min at 100 ~ 130 DEG C, be placed in biological degumming solution fermentation 24 ~ 48h, the bath raio of degumming baths is 1:30, temperature 25 ~ 50 DEG C, degummase concentration is 15g/L.
4. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described degummase is pectase.
5. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the mulberry fibre after described dehydration and described bath raio of giving fat liquor are 1:20; Be 50 ~ 70 DEG C to the described soaking temperature in fat liquor, soak time 2 ~ 3h, pulls out and stacks the 5 ~ 8h that oils.
6. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described be the oil supply finish concentration be mixed with that adds water to fat liquor is the emulsion of 2 ~ 3g/L, and described oil supply finish comprises vegetable oil, emulsifier op-10 and penetrating agent JFC-1.
7. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described bake out temperature is 70 ~ 90 DEG C.
8. degumming mulberry bark method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described in beat frequency be 30 times/min ~ 240 time/min, the time is 10 ~ 30min.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105239167A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-13 | 长兴超凡纺织有限公司 | High strength modified mulberry bark fiber |
| CN105239168A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-13 | 长兴超凡纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of antibacterial environment-friendly mulberry bark fiber |
| CN105420821A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-23 | 长兴超凡纺织有限公司 | Rapid mulberry bark biological degumming process |
| CN106319641A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-11 | 青岛大学 | High-gum-content raw hemp fiber degumming method |
| CN106917146A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-04 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber is extracted using steam explosion technology and degumming method |
| CN107083687A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-22 | 苏州凯邦生物技术有限公司 | A kind of full effect refining agent and its application method for regenerating mulberry fibre |
| CN108588854A (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2018-09-28 | 李冬生 | A kind of preparation method of mulberry fibre |
| CN108823792A (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2018-11-16 | 李万强 | A kind of preparation method of medical non-woven fabrics |
| CN110512429A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 句容市华冠服帽厂 | A kind of absorbing sweat taste removal alternate form fiber inner core recycles preprocess method |
| CN110512290A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-29 | 句容市华冠服帽厂 | A kind of combination degumming method of mulberry fibre |
| CN115428919A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-06 | 江西省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Mulberry leaf vegetable and processing method thereof |
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| CN105239168B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2019-01-22 | 浙江品创知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of mulberry fibre of antibacterial environment protection |
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| CN105239168A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-13 | 长兴超凡纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of antibacterial environment-friendly mulberry bark fiber |
| CN105420821A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-23 | 长兴超凡纺织有限公司 | Rapid mulberry bark biological degumming process |
| CN106319641A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-11 | 青岛大学 | High-gum-content raw hemp fiber degumming method |
| CN106319641B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛大学 | A kind of Degumming method of the raw ramie fiber of high gum level |
| CN106917146B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-05-11 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber to be extracted using steam explosion technology and the method for degumming |
| CN106917146A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-04 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber is extracted using steam explosion technology and degumming method |
| CN107083687A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-22 | 苏州凯邦生物技术有限公司 | A kind of full effect refining agent and its application method for regenerating mulberry fibre |
| CN110512429A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 句容市华冠服帽厂 | A kind of absorbing sweat taste removal alternate form fiber inner core recycles preprocess method |
| CN110512290A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-29 | 句容市华冠服帽厂 | A kind of combination degumming method of mulberry fibre |
| CN108823792A (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2018-11-16 | 李万强 | A kind of preparation method of medical non-woven fabrics |
| CN108588854A (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2018-09-28 | 李冬生 | A kind of preparation method of mulberry fibre |
| CN115428919A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-06 | 江西省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Mulberry leaf vegetable and processing method thereof |
| CN115428919B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-07-21 | 江西省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Mulberry leaf dish and processing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20151014 |