CN1049704A - Symmetric oil-pumping machine - Google Patents
Symmetric oil-pumping machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1049704A CN1049704A CN 89106520 CN89106520A CN1049704A CN 1049704 A CN1049704 A CN 1049704A CN 89106520 CN89106520 CN 89106520 CN 89106520 A CN89106520 A CN 89106520A CN 1049704 A CN1049704 A CN 1049704A
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Abstract
A kind of new pumping unit, form by power engine, movement converter, motion amplifying device, support, base and Equilibrator, major character is: the motion amplifying device is trackless or rail mechanism beam, this beam has initiatively straight moving some A, A ' and driven straight moving some B, B ' ..., its front-axle beam and the back rest also can expand to the truss horse head that horse head center of arc overlaps with B or B '.This pumping unit have cancellation negative work, energy-conservation, dwarf forms long stroke, in light weight, take up an area of advantages such as few.Can be made into land type, farmland type, ocean type, inclined shaft type, no horse head, compound motion horse head, two-stage balanced, with novel lever oil pumping machines such as well differential balance, twin-well balances.
Description
The present invention relates to the lever oil pumping machine of oilfield.
The conventional type beam-pumping unit is a kind of lever oil pumping machine that spreads all over China oil field, and it mainly is made up of power engine, movement converter (comprise speed reducer and export shaft-driven crank-link mechanism by it), motion amplifying device (walking beam and be contained in horse head on the walking beam), balancing mass, support and base etc.That the conventional type beam-pumping unit has is sturdy and durable, it is simple to safeguard, advantage that can adapt to the abominable working environment in oil field.Its shortcoming then is: have negative power, power consumption; Peak power and peak torque are big, and machine burden is heavy; It is big that suspension point promotes acceleration, influences the life-span of sucker rod; Machines cumbersome and floor space are big; Stroke is limited by machine dimensions, can not adapt to requirement of current long stroke or the like.
Incorgruous crank balance, front-located mode and air-balance beam-pumping unit are three mutation of conventional type beam-pumping unit.They are target with energy-conservation, adopt methods such as mechanism's optimal location, shifting balance curve or air-balance, and the conventional type beam-pumping unit has been done improvement.But, because all balances still are the one-level balances, they can not eliminate negative power fully, energy-saving effect is affected naturally, but also keep or part is keeping other shortcomings of conventional type beam-pumping unit (to illustrate: which kind of balance no matter, its balancing effect is trimming moment or balanced power, all is the periodic function of crank angle φ.All cycles are the title one-level balance of 2/1 π, and the cycle is the title secondary balance of 2/2 π, and the cycle is three grades of balances of title of 2/3 π ...).
Great circle formula pumping unit essence is still the one-level beam-balanced pumping unit, is crank with the big belt pulley just.Various dwarf forms pumping unit essence are mutation of one-level beam-balanced pumping unit, just will vertically arrange to change lateral arrangement into, and highly reduce, floor space does not reduce.
Non-beam beam-pumping units such as wheel type oil pumping unit, two bar pumping units, derrick formula pumping unit, advantages such as in light weight, that volume is little are arranged, can overcome the part shortcoming of beam-pumping unit, but because of having adopted pulley or sheave block, must wire rope or braid drive, and they repeatedly, during overbending the life-span very low, and can not eliminate negative power fully.
Cylinder formula long stroke non-beam beam-pumping unit stroke is big, in light weight, floor space is little, is specially adapted to marine oil field, but because motion amplifying device not, the cylinder body of cylinder or fluid cylinder is very long, and not only stroke is restricted, manufacture cost is higher, nor can eliminate negative power fully.
Task of the present invention provides a kind of novel lever oil pumping machine, and it can overcome the shortcoming of existing lever oil pumping machine.The characteristics of this pumping unit maximum are to eliminate negative power, energy-conservation fully, and long stroke arranged, suspension point promotes advantages such as little, the in light weight and floor space of acceleration is little, can be designed to land type, farmland type, ocean type, inclined shaft type, no horse head, compound motion horse head, two-stage balanced, with polytype novel lever oil pumping machines such as well differential balance, twin-well balance or many wells balances.
This invention task is to be realized by the technological scheme of Symmetric oil-pumping machine.Symmetric oil-pumping machine mainly is made up of power engine 3, movement converter 2, motion amplifying device 1, Equilibrator (comprising the gas balance) Q, support 4 and base 5, it is characterized in that: described motion amplifying device is a parallel-crank mechanism beam-abbreviation mechanism beam.Mechanism's beam has two kinds: a kind of not belt track is called trackless mechanism beam; Another kind has track, is called rail mechanism beam.Figure 12 is an a kind of trackless mechanism beam, is that two parallelogram constitute by front-axle beam 1.1, the back rest 1.2, girder 1.3, planet beam 1.4 and connecting rod 1.5,1.5 ' be movably hinged.It is real to be a kind of parallelogram ratio enlarger: the fixedly rotation center O by girder is drawn straight line arbitrarily, meet at an A, A ' and B, B ' respectively with each limit of parallelogram, these similar and tracks of varying in size of shape that draw of naming a person for a particular job, if the track of A or A ' is one section straight line, the track of B, B ' must be parallel with it but amplify the straight line of certain multiple, we claim these points to be straight moving point, and A, A ' are initiatively straight moving point, and B, B ' are driven straight moving point.Sometimes initiatively straight moving point and driven straight moving point may focus on together, as the straight moving some B among Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Figure 13 is an another kind of trackless mechanism beam, is by front-axle beam 1.1, the back rest 1.2, girder 1.3 and the planet beam 1.4 hinged single parallelogram ratio enlargers that constitute, and it has three directly moving some A of straight moving points-active and driven straight moving some B, B '.Figure 14 is an a kind of rail mechanism beam, it and the described trackless of Figure 12 mechanism beam relatively, just the straight moving some A ' on connecting rod 1.5 locates articulated roller 1.6, this roller rolls along the straight rail 4-1 on the support 4.Figure 15 also is an a kind of rail mechanism beam: make girder 1.3 extend one and hand over into the secondary OD at α angle with it along clockwise
1, connecting rod 1.5 extends one equally and hands over into the secondary OC at α angle with it along clockwise
1, set up connecting rod 1.7,1.8 again and constitute less and the similar hinged parallel-crank mechanism OC of the Liangping row quadrilateral OCBD of mechanism together
1A
1D
1, and at straight moving articulating point A
1The place lives and to cut with scissors roller 1.6, and this roller rolls along the straight rail 4-1 on the support 4, has just constituted this rail mechanism beam.In this mechanism's beam, track 4-1 also is to accompany the α angle along clockwise with the straight moving track of straight moving some A, B.α can change in 0 °～360 ° scopes, and obviously, rail shown in Figure 14 mechanism beam only is a kind of special circumstances of α=π here.
Make rational structure and arrange, the structure of mechanism's beam is also uncomplicated.One of structure scheme of rail mechanism beam is as described in Figure 14: front-axle beam 1.1, planet beam 1.4 and connecting rod 1.5 are the monolithic structures with adequate thickness that are positioned at the same space; The back rest 1.2, girder 1.3 and connecting rod 1.5 ' then be the biplate structure that is arranged symmetrically in above-mentioned monolithic structure two side spaces, all articulating points all use the axle that is cemented on the monolithic structure and the appropriate section of biplate structure to constitute the hinge that rotates flexibly by bearing.Roller 1.6 that initiatively straight moving some A ' locates and the straight rail 4-1 on the support 4 also are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of monolithic structure.The structural configuration of other mechanism's beams also can adopt this scheme.Also can make the biplate structure and 1.2,1.3,1.5 ' make monolithic structure 1.1,1.4,1.5, this is two of a structure scheme, also can adopt other structure scheme.
In general, the straight rail 4-1 on the described support 4 of Figure 14 answers vertical to arrange, the described straight rail 4-1 of Figure 15 answers horizontal arrangement (α=90 °), and the adjustable angle but they also can tilt is to adapt to the needs of slant hole pumping unit.
As mentioned above, no matter be trackless mechanism beam or rail mechanism beam, the directly moving point of the short active of stroke A(A is arranged all
1, A ' ...) and the long driven straight moving some B(B ' of stroke ...), this just in time meets the requirement of lever oil pumping machine: select suitable movement transforming device 2, speed reducer and export shaft-driven crank-link mechanism, oppositely double-crank symmetry six bars or five bar linkages, planetary pinion straight-moving mechanism or gas drive are moving or liquid drives cylinder and piston thereof, piston rod or the like for example by it, and allow the movable ball pivot of the directly moving some A of active of they and described mechanism beam, one-level balance Q is set again
1(comprising the gas balance) or two-stage balanced Q
1, Q
2Or three grades of balance Q
1, Q
2, Q
3, just constituted a novel lever oil pumping machine.
Because this novel lever oil pumping machine is symmetry shape; And can prove, as disregard the resiliently deformable of sucker rod and oil pick-up tube, the torque curve of this new pumping unit (or power curve) also is symmetry shape, so called after Symmetric oil-pumping machine of the present invention (symmetrical lever oil pumping machine).
The strong point of the existing beam-pumping unit of Symmetric oil-pumping machine has overcome its weakness again and following advantage has been arranged:
(1) cancelled negative power,
(2) Peak torque (peak power) greatly reduces, and the common beam pumping unit identical with discharge capacity compared and can be descended 68%.
(3) energy-saving effect is remarkable, compares with the conventional type beam-pumping unit, can save energy 40% at least.
(4) dwarf forms, long stroke, stroke can be greater than machine height.
(5) suspension point lifting acceleration is little, and the sucker rod life-span is long.
(6) machine weight is light, and the common beam pumping unit identical with discharge capacity compared, and this machine is heavy to alleviate 50～80%.
(7) the machine floor space is little, and the common beam pumping unit identical with discharge capacity compared and can be reduced 70～87%, is applicable to marine oil field.
(8) can be designed to slant hole pumping unit.
(9) can be designed to twin-well or multiple well pumping unit, also can be designed to the pumping unit with well differential balance (the mutual balance of sucker rod and oil pick-up tube), machine weight more can reduce significantly.
The invention provides the multiple design proposal of Symmetric oil-pumping machine, be described further below by embodiment.
Fig. 1 is embodiment one a structural representation.
Fig. 2 is embodiment two a structural representation.
Fig. 3 is embodiment three a structural representation.
Fig. 4 is embodiment four a structural representation.
Fig. 5 is embodiment five a structural representation.
Fig. 6 is embodiment six a structural representation.
Fig. 7 is embodiment seven a structural representation.
Fig. 8 is embodiment eight a structural representation.
Fig. 9 is embodiment nine a structural representation.
Figure 10 is embodiment ten a structural representation.
Figure 11 is embodiment 11 a structural representation.
Figure 12, Figure 13 are the sketch of trackless mechanism beam.
Figure 14, Figure 15 are the sketch of rail mechanism beam.
A kind of no slideway space straight-moving mechanism sketch that Figure 16 constitutes for the reverse movable ball pivot of double-crank six bar linkages and mechanism's beam.
Figure 17 is a kind of transmission sketch that drives the speed reducer of reverse double-crank.
Figure 18 is conventional type, front-located mode, three kinds of pumping unit K of the present invention curve comparison diagram.
Referring to Fig. 1, this is a kind of typical Symmetric oil-pumping machine, and it is made up of motor 3, speed reducer 2, mechanism's beam 1 and the support 4 and the base 5 that have reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages.
Speed reducer is fixed on the base 5, and its transmission system is symmetry shape as shown in figure 17, sees its right half part: be fixed on the small gear Z on the input shaft 2.0.With the gearwheel Z that is fixed on the jack shaft
CEngagement also is fixed with a small gear Z on the jack shaft
DWith the gearwheel Z on the output shaft 2.1
1Engagement, Z
1Again respectively with trunnion shaft 2.2,2.3 on gear Z
2, Z, the engagement.Its left-half and right half part symmetry, drive path are (Z
' O, Z
' C)-(Z
' D, Z
' 1)-(Z
' 1, Z
' 2) and (Z
' 1, Z
' 3), Z
' c, Z
' DBe fixed on the jack shaft Z
' 0, Z
' 1, Z
' 2, Z
' 3Then respectively with axle 2.0 ', 2.1 ', 2.2 ', 2.3 ' concrete mutually.These left and right 2 half parts are by onesize gear Z
0With Z
' 0Engagement and mutually interlock, and the gear ratio of gear is
Like this, when motor (or other power engines) drive by belt dressing be fixed on input shaft 2.0 or 2.0 ' on belt pulley the time, the output shaft 2.1 and 2.1 that stretches out to speed reducer one side ' just make reverse constant angular velocity to rotatablely move with the angular velocity omega of stipulating; And the secondary trunnion shaft 2.2 and 2.2 that stretches out to the speed reducer opposite side ' with constant angular velocity 2 ω counterrotatings (claiming 2 ω axles), three grades of trunnion shafves 2.3 and 2.3 ' with constant angular velocity 3 ω counterrotatings (claiming 3 ω axles).
As Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 16, speed reducer output shaft 2.1,2.1 ' on be consolidated with isometric crank 2.4,2.4 ', they respectively with isometric connecting rod 2.5,2.5 ' hinged, 2.5 and 2.5 ' the other end then couple together with the 2-6 ball pivot of arguing, thereby constitute reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages that are arranged in plane M, the axis normal of this plane M and speed reducer.Argue 2.6 mid point and the mechanism's beam 1 that make these reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages are at its initiatively straight moving some A place's activity ball pivot, to constitute a no slideway space straight-moving mechanism, its principle is represented in the drawings: the girder 1.3 of trackless mechanism beam 1 is movably hinged at axes O place and support 4, and mechanism's beam can only be moved in the plane N perpendicular to the O axle; Above-mentioned reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages can only move in the M of plane; And its point and mechanism beam of arguing among 2.6 is at its movable ball pivot in initiatively straight moving some A place, and this just requires A not only among the M of plane but also among plane N.So A can only be along the intersection Z of plane M and N
AMoving linearly, driven straight moving some B, B ' on mechanism's beam also just do to have amplified the straight line motion of certain multiple thereupon.For eliminate connecting rod 2.5,2.5 ' transverse force, plane M and N are with vertical being advisable mutually.
The straight moving some B of order place hangs polished rod, and straight moving some B ' locates the heavy Q of hanging balancing
1(or adopt gas balance and be connected with the piston rod of gas bag) will form a kind of one-level balanced, symmetrical pumping unit; Motor 3 by belt driver drive the input shaft 2.0,2.0 of speed reducer ', after slowing down by axle 2.1,2.1 ' two equivalences of output reverse angular velocity omega, these two ω are transformed to the straight line motion of initiatively straight moving some A again by reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages, and are enlarged into moving up and down of driven straight moving some B, B ' by mechanism's beam.The moving direction of B and B ' is opposite, when crank 2.1,2.1 ' when-90 ° forward 90 ° to (Figure 16), B covers its upstroke from bottom to top, drives sucker rod the oil column in the oil pick-up tube is upgraded a height, and motor is made positive work to it; B ' then covers its down stroke, balancer weight Q from top to bottom
1Correspondingly fall minimum point from peak, it helps motor to put forth one's strength, and motor is made negative work to it.When crank 2.1,2.1 ' continuation when 90 ° forward-90 ° to, B covers its down stroke, oil pick-up tube drops to extreme lower position, motor is made negative work to it; B ' covers its upstroke, balancer weight Q
1Then be raised to peak from minimum point, it absorbs energy, and motor is made positive work to it.Q
1Obviously play balanced action, its balancing effect is the periodic function of φ, because of the cycle is 2 π but one-level balance.
Remove Q
1Outside, as 2 ω axles 2.2,2.2 of counterrotating ' on also be consolidated with balancing mass Q
2, because of balancing effect will be that cycle of φ is the periodic function of π, it is a kind of secondary balance.This just obtains a kind of two-stage balanced Symmetric oil-pumping machine.Secondary balancing mass Q
2Also can be made into reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages that counterweight is suspended on by 2.2,2.2 ' drives argue or bearing pin on (similar with reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages shown in Figure 16, as not draw among the figure) so that regulate.
Remove Q
1, Q
2Outside, as 3 ω axles 2.3,2.3 of counterrotating ' on also be consolidated with balancing mass Q
3, because of its balancing effect will be that cycle of φ is the periodic function of 2/3 π, it is a kind of three grades of balances, this just obtains a kind of three grades of balanced, symmetrical pumping units.
The support 4 of present embodiment Symmetric oil-pumping machine is connected the speed reducer top, and can have slightly along it mobile so that the polished rod suspension point is aimed at the well head center.Support 4 also can directly be connected on the base 5.
Polished rod 6 has dop 6.1, is suspended on front-axle beam 1.1 straight moving among the hole 1-6 of the horizontal bearing pin 1.1B at B places, and 1.1B can be around straight moving some B rotation, to adapt to the variation of front-axle beam 1.1 and 6 angles of polished rod.In addition, because sucker rod can pass through from the 1-6 of hole, it also can be used to, lower sucker rod, so front-axle beam need not get out of the way during well workover, also need not large lifting equipment.Also hole 1-6 can be expanded to and can pass through oil pick-up tube, so just more convenient.Balancer weight Q
1Being connected also of locating of suspension rod 7 and the back rest 1.2 straight moving some B ' can adopt said structure.Obviously, as cancellation Q
1 Change suspension rod 7 into connect sucker rod polished rod, this pumping unit also can be used for the oil pumping of twin-well balance.
The stroke size of present embodiment Symmetric oil-pumping machine can adopt the way that changes bearing pin position on crank to regulate.
Present embodiment has been finished the technique computes and the erection drawing design of 12 types (suspension point maximum load 12T, stroke 4.2m, jig frequency 12 times/minute) Symmetric oil-pumping machine.From technique computes result and erection drawing analysis as seen, the advantage of this pumping unit is significant:
(1) eliminated negative work, energy-saving effect is remarkable.Figure 18 is the K plotted curve of three kinds of close pumping units of pump displacement: the K curve of curve 1-conventional type beam-pumping unit (by the CYJ12-3.3-70B pumping unit parameter of Lanzhou petro-Chemical Machine Factory's production, and pressing the drawing of non-synchronous crank balance computation optimization); The K curve of curve 2-back-crank pumping unit (, pressing the drawing of non-synchronous crank balance computation optimization) by the QCYJ12-3.6-56B pumping unit parameter that Lanzhou petro-Chemical Machine Factory produces; Curve 3-K curve of the present invention.K=N/Ncp is the instantaneous power coefficient of pumping unit, and N is the instantaneous output of pumping unit power engine, and Ncp is desirable average power, and its value equals to promote an oily institute work divided by the used time of each circulation in each circulation of pumping unit.
Curve shown in the figure all is in to calculate under the optimum balance state at every kind of pumping unit to be drawn.As seen from the figure, only eliminate this factor of negative work, pumping unit of the present invention is more energy-conservation 40% than conventional type (non-synchronous crank balance) beam-pumping unit, than back-crank pumping unit energy-conservation 7%.
(2) the gear torque peak value of the speed reducer of pumping unit reduces greatly, can extrapolate from Figure 18, and the torque peak of pumping unit of the present invention is lower by 68% than conventional type (non-synchronous crank balance), than front-located mode low 30%.
(3) balancing mass is convenient to regulate, and can guarantee that pumping unit works in the best condition, and not be subjected to the influence of stroke size and well depth variation.
(4) the heavy only 9T of this machine, height 3.5m, floor space 8m
2, compare all with beam-pumping unit and greatly to reduce.
In the present embodiment, also have several problems to illustrate:
(1) argue 2.6 two stomidium spacings can be equal to or greater than, less than output shaft 2.1,2.1 ' centre distance.
(2) be reduced into zero as 2.6 the two stomidium spacings of arguing, arguing becomes bearing pin, connecting rod 2.5,2.5 ' the termination, top be hinged by this bearing pin, and its hinged center with straight moving put that an A overlaps and with mechanism beam ball pivot together.At this moment, the reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages among Fig. 1 and Figure 16 become reverse double-crank symmetry five bar linkages, and the angle of plane M and N can be chosen in 0 °～90 ° scopes.
(4) also can adopt the scheme of two speed reducers, promptly speed reducer shown in Figure 17 about the 2 half little speed reducers of making two symmetries, make its input shaft 2.0,2.0 ' oppositely constant speed interlock then.
(5) the motion amplifying device can adopt rail mechanism beam, and at this moment movement converter can adopt common speed reducer and export shaft-driven crank-link mechanism by it.
(6) also can adopt crank 2.5,2.5 ' and (bearing pin) 2.6 of arguing all be arranged symmetrically in the scheme of speed reducer two sides in couples.
Referring to Fig. 2.This is a kind of Symmetric oil-pumping machine that adopts common speed reducer, is characterized in:
(1) motion amplifying device 1 is a kind of rail mechanism beam as shown in figure 15, also can adopt rail shown in Figure 16 mechanism beam.
(2) movement converter is a kind of common speed reducer and the crank-link mechanism that driven by its output shaft 2.1.That is: be cemented in the crank 2.7,2.7 of output shaft 2.1 2 ends ' rotate with output shaft, drivening rod 2.8,2.8 ', order about with arguing of connecting rod 2.8,2.8 ' upper end ball pivot 2.6 moving up and down.And argue 2.6 middle part and mechanism's beam are at its movable ball pivot in initiatively straight moving some A place.
(3) the one-level balance adopts the non-synchronous crank balance quality Q
1
(4) the secondary balance adopts asynchronous pendulum hookup: upper end symmetry pendulum 9(9 ') is suspended on bearing pin two ends that are linked to support 4 or roller 1.6, its underpart has a plurality of circular holes and connecting rod 8(8 ') be movably hinged, 8(8 ') the other end then with connecting rod 2.8(2.8 ') hinged, as crank 2.7(2.7 ') drivening rod 2.8(2.8 ') when swinging up and down, promptly by 8(8 ') order about 9(9 ') straight relatively moving some A, a B do asynchronous swing.Pendulum 9(9 ') also be with one group of counterweight on, it and pendulum constitute the secondary balancing mass Q of being convenient to regulate together
2
(5) can make also that the speed reducer jack shaft is that 3 ω axles are provided with three grades of balancing mass Q
3
(6) also can adopt the single armed drive scheme, that is: 2.1 of speed reducer output shafts the one end fixed a crank 2.7, connecting rod 2.8 also has only one, and its upper end directly with mechanism's beam at its initiatively straight moving A place's ball pivot and cancelled and argued 2.6, as secondary balance Q
2Asynchronous whipple hammer device, also just only be arranged in one-sided one having overlapped of speed reducer.
Present embodiment is compared with embodiment one, and development cost are much smaller; And with beam-pumping unit relatively, then have stroke big, advantage such as balance is good, easy to use (as well workover time without crab).
Referring to Fig. 3, it and embodiment one compare, and the main distinction is: movement converter 2 has adopted speed reducer and and the directly moving point articulated straight moving connecting rod 2.10(2.10 ' of planetary pinion that has the planetary pinion straight-line mechanism).
As shown in the figure, power engine is by the input shaft 2.0 of belt driver (not drawing among the figure) driving speed reducer, then by gear (Z
0, Z
C), (Z
D, Z
1) slowing down makes the angular velocity omega rotation of output shaft 2.1 with regulation.Be consolidated with short crank (or making bent axle) 2.9 on the output shaft 2.1, be consolidated with planetary pinion Z on it
b, Z
bBe fixed on the casing and and the concentric internal gear Z of axle 2.1
aEngagement.Proof needs only tooth number Z easily
a=2Z
b, wheel Z
bAny point on the standard pitch circle all will be along the straight line motion by 2.1 axle center, diagram A: be exactly one of them point, it is along doing translational movement by the vertical line in 2.1 axle center.A straight moving connecting rod 2.10 is arranged, and its end passes the pilot hole 2-10 and the planetary pinion Z at speed reducer top
bAt A
2Locate hinged, its other end then with mechanism beam 1 at its movable ball pivot in initiatively straight moving some A place, this has just constituted the present embodiment Symmetric oil-pumping machine.
Present embodiment also can adopt the double-crank symplex structure, that is: output shaft 2.1 in casing near two sides of tank wall installing two identical cranks 2.9 and 2.9 ', and be hinged with planetary pinion Z respectively
bWith Z
b', they are respectively at the internal gear Z fixed with tank wall
a, Z
' aThe middle rolling.Z
bWith Z
' bAt the directly moving point of its standard pitch circle A
2, A
' 2Locate articulated two straight moving connecting rods 2.10,2.10 ', they pass on the case top pilot hole 2-10,2-10 ' back with argue 2.6 hinged, argue 2.6 middle part then with mechanism beam 1 at its initiatively straight moving some A place activity ball pivot.
In the present embodiment:
One-level balancing mass Q
1: a straight moving some B ' who is suspended on mechanism's beam 1 with suspension rod 7 locates, and another directly moving some B then hangs polished rod 6, also can locate all to hang polished rod and is used as the twin-well balanced oil extractor at straight moving some B, a B '.
Gear Z
1Also drive than its gear Z half as large
2, Z
2Be contained on the 2 ω axles 2.2, these axial casing two sides are stretched out, and are consolidated with secondary balancing mass Q
2The axle that an angular velocity also can be set be 3 ω is equipped with three grades of balancing mass Q
3
Place the speed reducer top with mechanism beam 1 at the hinged support 4 in its fixed support O place.It can move horizontally the horizontal equivalent that makes straight moving some B and well head centering or adjusting straight moving some B, B '.It also can rotate relative to speed reducer, and promptly mechanism's beam place plane N can be pressed from both sides into arbitrarily angled with the reducer gear plane.Therefore, present embodiment also can adopt following design proposal: crank 2.9 and 2.9 ' differ 180 ° of phase angles and output shaft 2.1 are fixed, Z
b, Z
' bAnd the straight moving some A on the standard pitch circle
2, A
' 2With straight moving connecting rod 2.10,2.10 ' motion also just differed 180 ° of phase angles, and 2.10 upper end and mechanism's beam 1 be at a straight moving some A place ball pivot, and 2.10 ' upper end and mechanism's beam 1 locate ball pivot directly moving an A '.
Referring to Fig. 4.This is that a kind of cylinder formula drives Symmetric oil-pumping machine, and it is characterized in that: described movement transforming device 2 is to have translation piston 2.11(2.11 ') and directly move piston rod 2.12(2.12 ') cylindrical block or fluid cylinder.This cylinder cylinder can be one, also can vertically arrange two as scheming, at this moment the piston rod upper end directly with mechanism's beam at its initiatively straight moving A(A ') locate to be movably hinged; This cylinder cylinder can also be two of lateral arrangement, or longitudinal and transversely arranges 4 altogether, and at this moment the piston rod upper end is hinged with the 2.6(2.6 ' that argues), and by 2.6(2.6 ') middle part and mechanism's beam 1 at its initiatively straight moving A(A ') locate movable ball pivot.
The motion amplifying device 1 of present embodiment can be a trackless mechanism beam, also can be rail mechanism beam.
Present embodiment removes the one-level balance external, can add also that the secondary Equilibrator-the hammer device dangles down: being suspended on pendulum 10 on the support 4 has a right angle curved boom and connecting rod 11 hinged, 11 the other end then be hinged on argue 2.6 or the bearing pin overhanging end of piston rod 2.12 and mechanism's beam ball pivot on.The hammer device that dangles under this has two, is arranged in machine two sides symmetrically.Also be with one group of counterweight on the pendulum 10, it constitutes secondary balancing mass Q with pendulum
2
Present embodiment can be used to the individual well oil pumping, and at this moment mechanism's beam 1 hangs polished rod 6 at its driven straight moving some B place, and B ' locates then to hang one-level balancing mass Q by suspension rod 7
1; Present embodiment also can be used to the twin-well oil pumping, and at this moment driven straight moving some B, B ' locate hanging polished rod.
Present embodiment can gas drive move, and also can drive and prior art and indistinction by liquid.Its advantage is: cylinder body and piston rod shorten dramatically and stroke is very long; Machine weight is light, and the length size is all little, and the cylinder formula of suspending weight 12T, a stroke 8m drives Symmetric oil-pumping machine, and the heavy only 4T of this machine highly has only 5m.
Referring to Fig. 5, it can compare with embodiment two, and difference is:
(1) motion amplifying device 1 is a rail mechanism beam that comprises two parallelogram, is contained in initiatively straight moving some A
1The roller 1.6 at place rolls along the vertical track 4-1 on the support 4, thereby forces all moving linearlies of driven straight moving some B, B '.
(2) beam 1.1 expands to a horse head truss before mechanism's beam 1, that is: pole 1.1-1,1.1-2 are hinged into first English truss with front-axle beam, it is second English truss that horse head 1.1-0, telescopic rod 1.1-3 are hinged with English truss again, comprises two leg-of-mutton horse head truss thereby constitute one.Telescopic rod 1.1-3 is made up of two positive left-hand thread screw rods and a nut that is shaped on positive left-hand thread screw, swivel nut, bar 1.1-3 promptly extends into shortening, and it has two effects: (a) regulate the position of horse head 1.1-0, make horse head work circular arc among the heart overlap with the driven straight moving B of putting; (b) horse head is shunk inwards during well workover and get out of the way well location.
(3) one-level balance Q
1By the non-synchronous crank balance quality Q
' 1, and be suspended on the counterweight formula balancing mass Q that driven straight moving some B ' locates by suspension rod 7
" 1Common formation.
(4) secondary balance (not drawing among the figure) is and embodiment's two similar asynchronous pendulum hookups that just the pendulum upper end pumps because of the bearing pin with roller 1.6 is hinged.
Compare with embodiment two, the advantage of present embodiment is: machine height does not become, but the suspension point stroke is multiplied.Its reason is: the suspension point stroke will be made up of following two parts in the present embodiment: (a) stroke of driven straight moving some B; (b) in the whole upstroke or down stroke of B, the product of the corner of front-axle beam 1.1 and horse head radius of arc.
Referring to Fig. 6.It and embodiment one relatively have 4 differences:
(1) motion amplifying device 1 is the trackless mechanism beam that comprises a parallelogram;
(2) front-axle beam 1.1 of mechanism's beam expands to one and comprises two leg-of-mutton horse head truss, one of them triangle is hinged with pole 1.1-1 and 1.1-2 by 1.1 and constitutes, and another triangle is that positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut body 1.1-3 is hinged and constitutes by 1.1-2, horse head 1.1-0 and flexible rod.The center of horse head 1.1-0 work circular arc overlaps with straight moving some B, so the suspension point stroke is stroke and horse head corner and its work arc radius product sum of the two of B.
(3) remove one-level balance Q
1Also has secondary balance Q outward,
2, cancelled three grades of balance Q
3
(4) support 4 and base 5 concrete mutuallies.
Be also pointed out that as a straight moving some A ' and locate a hinged roller 1.6 and force to roll among its straight rail 4-1 that movement converter 2 can change into and adopt common speed reducer and crank-link mechanism thereof at support 4 at mechanism's beam.
Referring to Fig. 7.It and embodiment six are relatively, the main distinction is: beam 1.2 also expands to the horse head truss that comprises triangle (1.2,1.2-2,1.2-3) and (1.2-2,1.2-0,1.2-1) after mechanism's beam 1, and the heart overlaps with a straight moving B ' among the horse head 1.2-0 work circular arc.1.2-3 be the flexible rod that positive left-hand thread screw-and-nut mechanism forms.
Should be pointed out that embodiment's one to six described Symmetric oil-pumping machine, its mechanism's beam all can have the front-axle beam 1.1 and the back rest 1.2, and they all can be respectively or all expand to described horse head truss.
Referring to Fig. 8.The movement converter 2 of present embodiment is speed reducer and exports shaft-driven reverse double-crank symmetry six bar linkages by it, and motion amplifying device 1 is a trackless mechanism beam, and support 4 places the speed reducer top, and speed reducer is cemented on the base 5.If the directly moving point of the active A ' at mechanism's beam locates to adorn a roller, make it in the straight rail 4-1 of support 4, roll, the speed reducer in the movement converter 2 also can adopt common speed reducer; Movement converter 2 also can adopt cylinder, fluid cylinder or have the speed reducer of planetary pinion straight-moving mechanism, and these are all identical with embodiment one to four.Its difference is:
(1) set up a two horse head truss (or pleasure boat) 12: horse head 12.0, pole 12.1 and positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut type flexible rod 12.2 are hinged and constitute an English truss horse head, and this truss horse head is in 12.1 and 12.2 articulating point 0 ' locate and support 4 hinge of living; Horse head 12.0 ', pole 12.1 ' and another English truss horse head of flexible rod 12.2 ' formation, it 12.1 ' and 12.2 ' the articulating point place and support 40 ' hinge of living; Also have a flexible rod 12.3 that these two English truss horse heads are linked together, thereby constitute complete two horse head truss 12.
(2) be consolidated with two rods as wire rope or braid on two horse head truss (or pleasure boat) 12, they connect polished rod and one-level balancing mass Q separately
1, perhaps they all are connected with polished rod and constitute the twin-well balanced oil extractor.
(3) mechanism's beam is movably hinged in its directly moving rods of putting B place and being suspended on two horse head truss (or pleasure boat) 12.So when the directly moving point of the active A of power engine (not drawing among the figure) driving mechanism beam 1 moved up and down, driven straight moving some B just drew rods to do to have amplified moving up and down of certain multiple, thereby finishes the oil pumping circulation.
Be enclosed within the Q of weight group on the flexible rod 12.3
2Play the secondary balanced action.
The increment II type derrick formula pumping unit of present embodiment and North China Oilfield relatively, except that advantage such as the little and long stroke of floor space is arranged equally, also have safeguard simple, running is reliable, the advantage that counterbalance effect is better and machine height greatly reduces.
Referring to Fig. 9.Present embodiment and embodiment's eight difference is: have two two horse head truss (or pleasure boat) 12,12 ', they hinged separately support 13 and 13 ' on.Pumping unit places therebetween, driven straight moving some B, the B ' on its mechanism's beam 1 drive simultaneously and be suspended on 12,12 ' rods.This pumping unit can be used for twin-well or four wells are pumped simultaneously.
Referring to Figure 10.The movement converter 2 of present embodiment is identical with embodiment one.It also can be identical with embodiment three, four.If the directly moving point of the active A ' at mechanism's beam locates to adorn a roller, and forces this roller to roll in the straight rail 4-1 of support 4, it also can be identical with embodiment two, five.Its feature then is:
(1) the motion amplifying device of pumping unit is made up of 1 and 1 ' two mechanism's beam, they hinged separately support 4 and 4 ' on.1 and 1 ' the directly moving some A of an active that overlaps is arranged, and by same 2.6 drivings of arguing.
(2) mechanism's beam 1 and 1 ' driven straight moving some B and B
' 1Perseverance is moved as reverse linear along same vertical line, and the B place hangs polished rod and also connects sucker rod, B
' 1The place is hanging oil pick-up tube, as long as suitable controlling mechanism beam 1 and 1 ' magnifiation in depth, not only the mutual balance of sucker rod and oil pick-up tube greatly alleviates machine weight, and because differential action, the actual stroke of sucker rod be directly to move a B and B
' 1The stroke sum, thereby increased length of stroke greatly and reduced the lifting acceleration of suspension point relatively.
Present embodiment is of great value a kind of Symmetric oil-pumping machine, and it has started a kind of new balance, and promptly the mutual balance of sucker rod and oil pick-up tube is called with the well differential balance.
Referring to Figure 11.It and embodiment's ten difference is: the motion amplifying device of pumping unit by 1,1 ', 1 " ... wait and many mechanism's beam formed, they hinged separately support 4,4 ', 4 " ... on.These mechanism's beams have the directly moving point of public active A, A ', their driven straight moving some B, B
' 1; B ', B
" 1Different spatial position is then arranged.In addition, movement converter 2 has adopted two or four cylinder cylinders that have translation piston and straight moving piston rod.This pumping unit can be used as many wells pumps simultaneously, is particularly suitable for marine oil field.
In sum,, a common ground is arranged, promptly replace walking beam-horse head as the motion amplifying device, so it is confirmed as main claim of the present invention naturally with mechanism's beam though Symmetric oil-pumping machine is various informative.
Claims (10)
1, Symmetric oil-pumping machine mainly comprises: power engine 3, movement converter 2, motion amplifying device 1, support 4, base 5 and Equilibrator (comprising the gas balance) Q.It is characterized in that: described motion amplifying device 1 is an a kind of trackless mechanism beam, and this mechanism's beam has the short active of stroke directly moving some A, an A ' (A
1) and long driven straight moving some B, the B ' of stroke ...
2, according to the Symmetric oil-pumping machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motion amplifying device is an a kind of rail mechanism beam, that is: described trackless mechanism beam is at its initiatively straight moving some A ' or A
1Roller 1.6 is equipped with at the place, and it is forced to roll in the straight rail 4-1 of support 4.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described Symmetric oil-pumping machines, it is characterized in that: described movement converter 2 is one or two extraordinary speed reducers and by their output shaft 2.1,2.1 ' connection and reverse double-crank symmetry six bars or the five bar linkages that drive, and this linkage by its top argue or bearing pin 2.6 and mechanism's beam 1 at its movable ball pivot in initiatively straight moving some A place.
4, according to claim 1,2 described Symmetric oil-pumping machines, it is characterized in that: described movement converter 2 is common speed reducer and single crank-linkage mechanism of being connected and driven by its output shaft 2.1 1 side external parts; Or common speed reducer and bell crank-connecting rod-table thick stick mechanism of driving by 2.1 2 side external parts, and the top of connecting rod 2.8 or argue among 2.6 with rail mechanism beam 1 at its movable ball pivot in initiatively straight moving some A place.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 described Symmetric oil-pumping machines, it is characterized in that: described movement converter 2 is speed reducer and and the planetary pinion Z that have the planetary pinion straight-line mechanism
b(Z
' b) straight moving some A
2(A
' 2) hinged straight moving connecting rod 2.10(2.10 ').
6, Symmetric oil-pumping machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described motion switch 2 is to have translation piston 2.11(2.11 ') and straight moving piston rod 2.12(2.12 ') cylindrical block or fluid cylinder.
7, according to the described Symmetric oil-pumping machine of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: the front-axle beam 1.1 of mechanism's beam 1 and the back rest 1.2 can be separately or are all expanded to the horse head truss, and horse head work center of arc overlaps with driven straight moving some B or B '.
8, according to the described Symmetric oil-pumping machine of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: have two horse head truss or a pleasure boat 12(12 ' at least around fixed bearing swing), and 12(12 ' is located and be suspended on to mechanism's beam 1 at its driven straight moving B, B ' of putting) on wire rope or rods such as braid hinged.
9, according to the described Symmetric oil-pumping machine of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: described motion amplifying device comprise at least a pair of hinged support 4 and 4 separately ' on mechanism's beam 1 and 1 ', and 1 and 1 ' there is the active of a coincidence directly to move some A, by the same driving of arguing of movement converter 2,1 and 1 ' also respectively has a driven straight moving some B and B
' 1, their perseverances are moved as reverse linear along same vertical line.
10, according to claim 1,2 described Symmetric oil-pumping machines, it is characterized in that: remove the one-level balance external, also can set up secondary balancing mass Q
2With three grades of balancing mass Q
3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106520 CN1049704A (en) | 1989-08-19 | 1989-08-19 | Symmetric oil-pumping machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106520 CN1049704A (en) | 1989-08-19 | 1989-08-19 | Symmetric oil-pumping machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1049704A true CN1049704A (en) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=4856770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106520 Pending CN1049704A (en) | 1989-08-19 | 1989-08-19 | Symmetric oil-pumping machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1049704A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817490B (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2013-08-28 | 陈利忠 | Linkage type stroke amplifying lifting column |
| CN103385051A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 甘肃农业大学 | Hole-forming device used in direct-insertion hole sowing |
| CN104481457A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-04-01 | 张向明 | Scale type four-rod full-balance long-stroke oil pumping machine |
| CN104632140A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-20 | 王树国 | Novel energy-saving pumping unit and application method |
-
1989
- 1989-08-19 CN CN 89106520 patent/CN1049704A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817490B (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2013-08-28 | 陈利忠 | Linkage type stroke amplifying lifting column |
| CN103385051A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 甘肃农业大学 | Hole-forming device used in direct-insertion hole sowing |
| CN104481457A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-04-01 | 张向明 | Scale type four-rod full-balance long-stroke oil pumping machine |
| CN104632140A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-20 | 王树国 | Novel energy-saving pumping unit and application method |
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