CN1015728B - Two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit - Google Patents
Two-stage balance bar beam-punping unitInfo
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- CN1015728B CN1015728B CN 88107522 CN88107522A CN1015728B CN 1015728 B CN1015728 B CN 1015728B CN 88107522 CN88107522 CN 88107522 CN 88107522 A CN88107522 A CN 88107522A CN 1015728 B CN1015728 B CN 1015728B
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- bascule
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a new bar oil pumping machine which is characterized in that on the basis of the original primary balancing device, a secondary balancing device is additionally arranged, and then the purpose of completely eliminating negative work is achieved. The present invention has the advantages of obvious energy saving effect, reduction of the acceleration change amplitude of a polished rod, extension of the service life of an oil pumping rod and reduction of the torque peak value of a gear of a speed reducer; the total weight and the total size of the oil pumping machine and the power of an engine are greatly reduced; the balancing devices have easy regulation so that the oil pumping machine can work at the state of the optimum balance. As long as the existing oil pumping machine is slightly rebuilt, the existing oil pumping machine can eliminate the negative work and greatly enhance working performance to be as a new oil pumping machine so that the new oil pumping machine has little development expense.
Description
The present invention relates to the walking beam lever oil pumping machine of oilfield.
The tradition beam-pumping unit is that maximum a kind of lever oil pumping machines is used in the oil field, has modern age its mutation-non-synchronous crank balance beam-pumping unit, back-crank pumping unit, air-balance beam-pumping unit and great circle formula oil pumper etc. to be adopted by the oil field in succession again.Their common trait, be its core-movement converter, be about to reduction unit output shaft 9(crank 1) rotatablely move and be transformed to the movement converter of the upper and lower translational movement of polished rod, be a kind of four linkages simple in structure: comprise the four hinge crank-rocker mechanisms that crank 1, connecting rod 2, rocking bar (walking beam or pleasure boat) 3 and support (together with base) 4 are formed, can be referred to as four hinge crank-rocker mechanism walking beam (pleasure boat) oil pumpers.Because movement converter is simple in structure, the motion converter loss of this class lever oil pumping machine is less, and reliable in structure is easily manufactured, safeguards simply, and is durable in use, can adapt to the adverse circumstances in various oil fields, and these all are the advantages that still can't negate at present.The shortcoming of this class lever oil pumping machine is to have only the one-level balance (all counter balance torques are the periodic functions of crank angle φ, cycle is that the balance of 2 π is called the one-level balance), and adjusting inconvenience, counterbalance effect is bad, cause the deceleration device peak torque big, have negative torque (negative work), so overall efficiency is low.Taking a broad view of present oil field uses oil pumper and factory that the situation of oil pumper is provided, all four hinges crank-linkage beam-pumping unit more than 90 percent, consider from energy-conservation and raising oil pumper comprehensive benefit, this present situation is badly in need of changing: the oil pumper of plant produced is badly in need of upgrading, and the oil pumper that use in the oil field is badly in need of transforming.
Suspending point loading with variable torque composite machine balance beam type oil pump patent (notification number CN 85 204669U) attempts to address this problem.It has two characteristics, the firstth, variable torque balance, the secondth, plural equilibrium.So-called variable torque balance, promptly the application point of the equilibrant force of main balance weight on rocking bar done cyclically-varying and formed the weighing apparatus moment that flattens, this patent has been discarded existing beam-pumping unit four hinge crank-rocker mechanism movement converters simple in structure for this reason, is movement converter and change employing into by eight bars, the ten secondary mechanisms that a guide-bar mechanism and two double rocker mechanisms compose in series, this is irrational, and it makes that the motion converter efficient of oil pumper is very low.Therefore,, promptly set up, constituted plural equilibrium with variable torque balance and (its essence is and on the basis of one-level balance, set up the secondary balance to double the secondary balance weight of crank angular velocity of rotation-2 ω to same direction rotation although also have rational second characteristic.All counter balance torques are the periodic functions of crank angle φ, cycle is that the balance of π is called the secondary balance), in the hope of relaxing the fluctuation of deceleration device output torque, the assessment mechanical efficiency of this oil pumper patent will be lower than four hinge crank-rocker mechanism walking beam (pleasure boat) oil pumpers of existing one-level balance.In addition, secondary balance weight of 2 ω and crank (main balance weight) corotation shaft axis in this patent, complex structure is particularly regulated inconvenience, also is difficult to reach the optimum balance state.Owing to these reasons, this oil pumper patent is not seen the enforcement popularization so far.
Task of the present invention is to create a kind of oil pumper with secondary balanced controls of the practicality of being convenient to regulate.Compare with existing walking beam (pleasure boat) oil pumper, new pumping unit should reach eliminates negative torque (negative work), energy conservation consumption; Relax the output torque amplitude of variation of deceleration device, prolong the deceleration device life-span and reduce its physical dimension; Reduce the suspension point acceleration, prolong the sucker rod life-span; Reduce complete machine size and weight, or the like, thereby the comprehensive benefit of oil pumper is improved.
This invention task is to be realized by the technical scheme of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit.This technical scheme has two characteristics: (1) has inherited existing walking beam (pleasure boat) oil pumper four hinge crank-rocker mechanism movement converters simple in structure.(2) draw the notion of suspending point loading with variable torque composite machine beam-balanced pumping unit plural equilibrium, improved and widen, be provided with the secondary bascule being convenient to regulate or (with) have the one-level bascule of secondary balanced action concurrently.The described secondary bascule of being convenient to regulate is 2 ω axle pendulum hookups or an asynchronous pendulum hookup of doing periodic motion, and the counter balance torque that they produce is that circular frequency is done the cycle variation with 2 ω; The described one-level bascule that has the secondary balanced action concurrently, comprise moving device under the beam balance quality, outstanding counterweight device under the horse head oscillation center, put the counterweight device on the horse head oscillation center, horse head back side counterweight device etc., their common trait is: the barycenter that is contained in the counterweight formula balance mass on the rocking bar (walking beam-horse head system), the rocking bar position (also is walking beam position or pleasure boat position relatively, be meant that rocking bar 3 oscillation centers are beam travelling supporting 12 centers, with crossbeam 11 centers be connecting rod 2 and the line at the hinges center of rocking bar 3), the biasing of certain distance is arranged, so be called counterweight formula biasing bascule.Can prove that the counter balance torque of biasing balance comprises two parts, a part of period of change is 2 π (one-level balances), and the period of change of a part is π (a secondary balance), so the biasing balance is a kind of one-level bascule that has the secondary balanced action concurrently.On total, the technical scheme of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit can followingly be described:
A kind of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit that is used for oilfield mainly comprises:
An engine;
A deceleration device;
One cover drives the belt driver of deceleration device for engine;
One cover is transformed to rotatablely moving of reduction unit output shaft 9 on the polished rod, following translational movement, by crank 1, connecting rod 2, the four hinge crank-rocker mechanism movement converters that walking beam or pleasure boat 3 and bracket base 4 are formed, wherein crank 1 is packed in the termination with the output shaft 9 of the deceleration device of bracket base 4 fixed connections, walking beam or pleasure boat 3 are movably hinged by beam travelling supporting 12 with cantilever tip, and can in vertical guide, swing around the axle of this supporting, one end and the crank 1 of connecting rod 2 are movably hinged, the other end by crossbeam 11 or directly and walking beam or pleasure boat 3 on it departs from the position of oscillation center certain distance, be movably hinged;
One cover walking beam-horse head device or pleasure boat device, and rope suspension apparatus;
One cover one-level bascule comprises: crank balance (or non-synchronous crank balance), traditional beam balance, combined balance system or additional horse head suspending weight balance or air-balance that the two has both;
One cover secondary bascule and (or) cover has the one-level bascule of secondary balanced action concurrently;
It is characterized in that:
Described secondary bascule is 2 ω axle pendulum hookups or asynchronous pendulum hookup, and the described one-level bascule that has the secondary balanced action concurrently is a counterweight formula biasing bascule.
Theory analysis shows, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit of the present invention can be eliminated deceleration device negative torque and motor negative work, energy conservation consumption; Can make the deceleration device change in torque mild, prolong its application life and reduce its physical dimension (referring to Figure 15); Emphasis point can be placed on during design and reduce suspension point lifting acceleration (referring to Figure 16), the sucker rod life-span is prolonged; Whole oil pumper size and weight can be dwindled.Structure design shows that the bascule of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit of the present invention is convenient to regulate when oil pumper moves, can guarantee that oil pumper works under the optimum balance state.Therefore can estimate that the comprehensive benefit of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit of the present invention is with the improve that has by a relatively large margin.
The invention provides some 2 ω axle pendulum hookups that are easy to realize, asynchronous pendulum hookup and counterweight formula biasing bascule, be further described by following many embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment two.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment three.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment four.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment five.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiment six.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiment seven.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiment eight.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiment nine.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiment ten.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiment 11.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiment 12.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiment 13.
Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiment 14.
Among the figure: the 1-crank, the 11-crankshaft balance weight, 12-crank-pin (hole), the 2-connecting rod, the pin-and-hole on the 21-connecting rod 2,2 '-slave connecting rod, 3-rocking bar (walking beam, pleasure boat), 31,32,34-pole, the positive left-hand thread twin-screw of 33--nut telescoping mechanism, 4-support, base, the 5-horse head, 51,53, the positive left-hand thread twin-screw of 55--nut telescoping mechanism, 52-strut, 54-suspension rod, the 56-axle, 57-connect horse head 5 and 5 ' bar or telescoping mechanism, 5 '-additional horse head, 51 ', 53 '-positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism, 52 '-strut, 6-reducer (deceleration device), 7-are contained in the belt pulley on reducer (deceleration device) the power shaft overhanging end, 8-reducer (deceleration device) jackshaft, 2 ω axles of oil pumper, 9-reducer (deceleration device) output shaft, 10-counterweight formula balance weight, 101-walking beam foot piece, 102-walking beam foot piece nut, the 11-crossbeam, 12-support top-supported (beam travelling supporting), 13-2 ω crankshaft balance weight, 14-secondary balanced crank, 15-secondary balanced connecting rod, 16-secondary balance fork, 161-secondary counterpoise, 162-counterweight bar, 163-counterweight nut, the supporting of 17-secondary balance fork, the asynchronous pendulum of 18-, 181-fork, 182-fork nut, the 183-centering block, 184-secondary counterpoise, 19-slide block, the slide plate that 20-and walking beam 3 or horse head 5 are fixed, the 21-screw mandrel is put counterweight on the 22-, put the counterweight bar on the 221-, outstanding counterweight under the 23-, 24-counterweight formula balance weight, 25-horse head back side counterweight, 26-slide block bearing.
The embodiment explanation:
Referring to Fig. 1, this is the original theory pattern of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit, its primary structure is identical with existing beam-pumping unit, promptly rotate by V belt (not drawing among the figure) drive pulley 7 by a motor or diesel engine, belt pulley 7 is contained in the power shaft overhanging end of gear reduction unit 6, after slowing down through secondary gear, drive two cranks, 1 rotation that is contained in output shaft 9 two ends respectively, crank 1 is drivening rod 2, walking beam 3 and be contained in horse head 5 motions of walking beam 3 front ends again.Walking beam 3 is movably articulated on the support 4 by beam travelling supporting 12, and motor, reducer then are fixed on the base of support 4.Facing the horse head work plane and see, is symmetrical structure about whole oil pumper.In addition, on two cranks 1, be fixed with crankshaft balance weight 11 respectively.
In the present embodiment, adopted the original scheme that realizes the secondary balance: 2 ω axle rotation balance devices.Allow the gear number of teeth on the jackshaft 8 of gear reduction unit 6, be one of gear number of teeth of output shaft 9 half, then the angular velocity of jackshaft 8 is two times of output shaft 9 angular velocity omegas, is called 2 ω axles, then at the both sides of this 2 ω axle overhanging end affixed one 2 ω crankshaft balance weight 13 respectively.In the specific design, also can establish one 2 ω axle in addition, making its angular velocity is two times of output shaft 9 angular velocity omegas, then with 2 ω crankshaft balance weights, 13 dresses thereon.Adopt this original scheme, simple in structure, but regulate inconvenience.
Two of the scheme of realization secondary balance, be to adopt the one-level bascule that has the secondary balanced action concurrently, it is the beam balance quality biased downward on the walking beam, make its barycenter relative walking beam position-beam travelling supporting 12 centers and crossbeam 11 centers (connecting rod 2 and walking beam 3 hinged centers) line, downward bias is from a segment distance, the counter balance torque that it produced comprises two parts: first is the one-level counter balance torque, and 11 together constitutes the Hybrid TierI balance; Second portion then is the secondary counter balance torque, plays the secondary balanced action.In concrete the application, the scheme that the beam balance quality moves down is a lot, present embodiment adopts following method: the tail end of walking beam 3 vertical (or tilting slightly laterally) stretches out a walking beam foot piece 101, counterweight formula balance weight 10 just is enclosed within on the walking beam foot piece 101, screw rod is made in 101 lower ends, is spun on the upper-lower position that walking beam foot piece nut 10.2 on this screw rod is used for supporting counterweight formula balance weight 10 and regulates its barycenter.Moving device is a specific embodiments of said counterweight formula biasing bascule under this beam balance quality.
Three of the scheme of realization secondary balance is: the bascule of scheme one, two is adopted simultaneously, will play better counterbalance effect like this.
Referring to Fig. 2.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is, the secondary bascule is a kind of 2 ω axle pendulum hookups: 2 ω axles connect a cover secondary balanced crank-connecting rod-swing-bar mechanism, wherein secondary balanced crank 14 is packed on the 2 ω axles, secondary balance fork 16 is lived with the secondary balance fork supporting 17 on the support 4 and is cut with scissors, secondary balanced connecting rod 15 two ends are movably hinged 14 and 16 respectively, and on secondary balance fork 16, stretch out a counterweight bar 162 vertically downward, suit secondary counterpoise 161 on it is contained in counterweight nut 163 on 162 and is used for supporting 161 and regulate its high and low position.Counterweight bar 162 also can protrude upward, and at this moment secondary counterpoise 161 rests against on the upper side of secondary balance fork 16.Do periodic motion because constitute the entire mechanism of 2 ω axle pendulum hookups with circular frequency 2 ω, the all-mass of this mechanism will together play the secondary balanced action with secondary counterpoise 161, and advantage easy to adjust is arranged.
In addition, in the present embodiment,, make things convenient for horse head when well workover, to get out of the way well location, original walking beam-horse head assembling mode is improved, promptly adopt the horse head trussed construction to replace conventional structure for weight and the physical dimension thereof that reduces walking beam.Concrete structure is: with two cover positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 5.1 and 5.3 and struts 5.2, their two ends are hinged with walking beam, horse head respectively, form a truss, replace the rollover of original horse head or on the horse head that turns over and the connecting structure of walking beam.Wherein 5.1 and 5.3 length can be regulated, regulate appropriate after, available nut is fixed its position.This horse head trussed construction is called single horse head the beam trussed construction, and it not only makes, easy to adjust, and the advantage that reduces the walking beam flexural stress is arranged.
Referring to Fig. 3.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is to cancel 2 ω axle rotation balance devices, and has taked the technical scheme-asynchronous pendulum hookup of another kind of realization secondary balance.That is: on the crank-pin 1.2 of crank 1 also articulated slave connecting rod 2 ', 2 ' live hinge and order about its relative horse head 5 and do asynchronous swing of the other end and the asynchronous pendulum 18 on being suspended on beam travelling supporting 12 pivots.Asynchronous pendulum 18 is made up of fork 18.1 and cover centering block 18.3 and secondary counterpoise 18.4 thereon, and the bolt and nut 18.2 of fork 18.1 lower ends is used for the also pendulum radius of its barycenter of modulation of rest 18.3 and 18.4.Owing to have that a plurality of pin-and-holes are used on the centering block 18.3 and a slave connecting rod 2 ' hinged, so the asynchronous angle of pendulum 18 relative horse head 5 asynchronous swings also can be regulated.Can prove that the trimming moment that asynchronous pendulum 18 produces is that circular frequency is done the cycle and changed with 2 ω approx, in other words trimming moment be approximately crank angle φ, the cycle is the simple harmonic quantity function of π, is a kind of secondary balance therefore.
Slave connecting rod 2 ' an end can not be contained on the crank-pin 1.2, and change into connecting rod 2 on pin-and-hole 2.1 hinged, the secondary counterbalance effect that produced of pendulum 18 will be better like this.In fact, crank-pin 1.2 must pass connecting rod 2, so it also is the pin-and-hole of connecting rod 2, is to make the moving pin-and-hole of circle transhipment on the connecting rod 2.
In addition, walking beam-horse head device can adopt conventional structure, also can adopt horse head trussed construction (single horse head has the beam trussed construction) as shown in the figure.
Referring to Fig. 4.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment three has three:
(1) second half section of walking beam 3 cancellation, the one-level balance is mainly realized by crankshaft balance weight 1.1;
(2) in the groove of walking beam 3 one sleeve screw rod-slide block structure is arranged.When rotary screw 21, slide block 19 can be along moving forward or backward with the affixed slide plate 20 of walking beam 3; Simultaneously, end cuts with scissors together versatilely with slide block 19 on the connecting rod 2;
(3) except that asynchronous pendulum secondary bascule, also set up on a kind of counterweight formula biasing bascule-horse head oscillation center and put the counterweight device, promptly put counterweight bar 22.1 and walking beam wing plate concrete mutually on one having above the walking beam, 22.1 center line by horse head oscillation center and vertical with walking beam, and be set with on it and put counterweight 22 on one group.
So just can realize the step-less adjustment of length of stroke, and the walking beam size is shortened greatly, and can eliminate negative torque fully equally.
Referring to Fig. 5.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment four is:
(1) cancelled and put the counterweight device on the horse head oscillation center, only realized the secondary balances by asynchronous pendulum hookup 18;
(2) adopt the simplest a kind of horse head trussed construction: cancellation walking beam 3, horse head 5 directly is movably articulated on the pivot of support top-supported 12 by positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 5.1 and 5.3, form a triangular structure horse head truss around the swing of supporting 12 pivot center, being called single horse head does not have the beam trussed construction;
(3) the movable ball pivot in the upper end of connecting rod 2 is on horse head 5;
Like this, present embodiment oil pumper size is littler, and weight is lighter.
Referring to Fig. 6.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment five has only a bit:
Cancellation asynchronous pendulum 18 and slave connecting rod 2 among the embodiment five ', adopt under another counterweight formula biasing bascule-horse head oscillation center outstanding counterweight device to realize the secondary balance.Outstanding counterweight can in all sorts of ways and be fixed on the horse head bottom down, and the method that present embodiment adopts is will descend to hang counterweight and fix by suspension rod 5.4 and positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 5.5; 5.4 an end and the pivot knuckles of the beam travelling supporting 12 of top of the trellis, 5.5 an end and horse head 5 are hinged; 5.4 be hinged with 5.5 the other end, following outstanding counterweight 23 just is suspended on the axle 5.6 of this hinged place.Down the quality of outstanding counterweight 23 can increase and decrease, but the length that changes positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut body 5.5 relative position of outstanding counterweight 23 and horse head 5 under the modulation then.
Referring to Fig. 7.Present embodiment and embodiment four compare, and its difference is:
(1) put the counterweight device on the cancellation horse head oscillation center, the secondary balance is realized by asynchronous pendulum hookup 18 entirely.
(2) 5 and 5 ' two horse heads of preparation, horse head 5 is used for hanging polished rod, and with the additional horse head 5 of horse head 5 symmetries ' be used for hanging counterweight formula balance weight 24, how many its quality sizes can by the adjusting of increase and decrease counterweight, in order to realize the one-level balance.Cancel crankshaft balance weight 1.1 simultaneously.
(3) the horse head trussed construction of Cai Yonging is that two horse heads do not have the beam trussed construction.That is: the cancellation walking beam 3, with positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 5.1 and 5.3,5.1 ' and 5.3 ' hinged with horse head 5,5 ' difference, 5.1 and 5.3,5.1 ' and 5.3 ' the other end also be hinged on the pivot of support top-supported 12 together, constitute two triangle horse head truss, with telescoping mechanism 5.7 they are fused again, do not have the beam trussed construction and form complete two horse heads.
(4) screw mandrel-slide block mechanism of modulation stroke (19,20,21) is arranged on the horse head 5.
The overall dimensions of present embodiment oil pumper is less, and the adjustment device is more convenient, also can make length of stroke bigger.
Referring to Fig. 8.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment five is:
(1) the horse head trussed construction of Cai Yonging is a kind of single horse head girder truss structure.That is: increase pole 3.1,3.2,3.4 and positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 3.3, and constitute a quadrangle truss-like walking beam with original positive left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 5.3.Wherein an end of 3.2,5.3 and 3.3 is articulated in the heart 0 point among the support top-supported 12, and one of 3.1,3.2,3.4 ends are articulated in the F point.3.4 and one of 5.3 ends are articulated in the G point on the horse head 5, one of 3.3,3.1 ends are articulated in the E point, thereby constitute single horse head girder truss structure.
(2) be that pin joint E place has one group of counterweight formula balance weight 10 at the girder truss tail end, its quality size can increase and decrease, the also available positive left-hand thread twin-screw in the position of barycenter E-nut telescoping mechanism 3.3 modulations.Because barycenter E is positioned at walking beam position BO(B is connecting rod 2 and the center that is movably hinged of horse head 5) under the side, this balance is a kind of counterweight formula biasing bascule, also is the another embodiment of moving device under the beam balance quality.
(3) because counterweight formula balance weight 10 is a kind of one-level bascules that have the secondary balanced action concurrently, and be easy to regulate, crankshaft balance weight 1.1 can reduce and make one with crank 1.
Present embodiment is that a kind of counterbalance effect is better, the oil pumper that weight and cost are all less.
Referring to Fig. 9.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment eight is to have replaced above-mentioned quadrangle truss-like walking beam with pole 3.1 and the positive triangular truss formula walking beam that the left-hand thread twin-screw-nut telescoping mechanism 3.3,5.3 is constituted.This is the another kind of scheme of single horse head girder truss structure.
Referring to Figure 10.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment seven is:
(1) cancelled the pendulum 18 that is suspended on the beam travelling supporting 12 and slave connecting rod 12 ', and adopt another kind of counterweight formula biasing bascule-horse head back side counterweight device to realize the secondary balance, that is: horse head back side counterweight 25 directly is packed on the back side-horse head back side M of horse head 5 circular arc work planes.Concrete structure is: horse head back side counterweight 25 be enclosed within connect horse head 5 and 5 ' bar 5.7 on and near the back side M of horse head 5.
(2) height with support 4 reduces, and reducer moves to side below support 4, and connecting rod 2 lengthenings; Be fastened on the back side M of horse head 5 with the slide block bearing 26 of connecting rod 2 ball pivots, 26 and 25 together play the biasing balanced action.
(3) crankshaft balance weight 1.1 and crank 1 are made one, it be suspended on horse head 5 ' on counterweight formula balance weight 24 constitute the one-level balances jointly.
(4) scheme of two kinds of modulation suspension point strokes is arranged: (a) slide with the slide block bearing 26 of connecting rod 2 movable ball pivots back side M along horse head 5; (b) traditional approach of replacing crank pin hole.
Like this, oil pumper not only fully phases out negative torque, and shorter and stroke is longer.
Referring to Figure 11.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment ten is: cancelled additional horse head 5 ' and counterweight formula balance weight 24, the one-level balance is realized separately by crankshaft balance weight 1.1.Therefore:
(1) adopt the simplest horse head trussed construction, promptly the single horse head among the embodiment five does not have the beam trussed construction;
(2) radius of gyration of the quality of crankshaft balance weight 1.1 and barycenter thereof strengthens, and the reducer bearing will be increased;
(3) because 1.1 barycenter radius of gyration needs to regulate, 1.1 can not make one again with crank 1;
(4) for realizing non-synchronous crank balance, crank 1 will be made V-arrangement.
Referring to Figure 12.The main distinction of present embodiment and embodiment 11 is:
(1) horse head 5 and rope suspension apparatus thereof are between support 4 and reduction box 6;
(2) the slide block bearing 26 with connecting rod 2 movable ball pivots will separate with counterweight formula biasing bascule-horse head back side counterweight device 25, splits top or bottom at horse head back side M.
Referring to Figure 13.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment ten is:
(1) horse head 5 and rope suspension apparatus thereof, together additional horse head 5 ' and counterweight formula balance weight 24, the two has changed a position, be that horse head 5 and rope suspension apparatus thereof are arranged in support 4 and reducer 6(figure does not draw) between, additional horse head 5 ' and 24 of counterweight formula balance weights be positioned at the outside (right side) of support 4;
(2) with the slide block bearing 26 of connecting rod 2 movable ball pivots, with counterweight formula biasing bascule-horse head back side counterweight device 25 separately, split upper and lower at horse head 5 back side M;
(3) crank 1 adopts and lays particular stress on wheeled construction;
(4) deceleration device 6 is a secondary pulley deceleration device (not drawing among the figure).
Present embodiment is the simplest two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit of a kind of structure, makes easily.This machine weight is also little, and therefore advantage with low cost is arranged.This oil pumper also has the bel-drivenn advantage, but also exists the bel-drivenn critical defect.Should be used for the less occasion of suspending point loading.
Referring to Figure 14.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is:
(1) work plane that faces horse head is seen whole oil pumper, crank 1(crankshaft balance weight 1.1), connecting rod 2 respectively has only one, and and walking beam (pleasure boat) 3 and horse head 5 be positioned at one of reducer 6 side together;
The opposite side of the axial reducer 6 of (2) 2 ω stretches out, and whole secondary bascule (all not drawing among the figure) is positioned at the side that 2 ω shaft extensions of reducer 6 go out.
Present embodiment is the two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit that a kind of single crank drives asymmetric arrangement, and its unique advantage is arranged, and is applicable to the occasion of middle or small load.
Accompanying drawing 15,16 explanations:
Figure 15 is the clean moment of torsion M-of the gear φ curve comparison diagram of three kinds of close beam-pumping units of pumpage: curve 1 is the gear net torque curve of conventional type beam-pumping unit (by the CYJ12-33-70B oil pumper parameter of Lanzhou petro-Chemical Machine Factory's production, and press non-synchronous crank balance optimization and calculate drawing); Curve 2 be back-crank pumping unit (the QCYJ12-36-56B oil pumper parameter of producing by Lanzhou petro-Chemical Machine Factory, press non-synchronous crank balance optimization calculate chart) the gear net torque curve; Curve 3 is gear net torque curves of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit of the present invention.
Curve shown in the figure all is in to calculate under the optimum balance state at every kind of oil pumper to be drawn.As can be seen from the figure: only eliminate this factor of negative work, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit is than conventional type beam-pumping unit energy-conservation 40%.Than back-crank pumping unit energy-conservation 7%.
Also can extrapolate from Figure 15, the torque peak of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit reduces by 61% than conventional type, reduces by 13% than forward type.
Figure 16 is the polished rod acceleration a-φ curve comparison diagram of three kinds of oil pumpers: curve 1 is oil-extractor polish-rod accelerating curve of the present invention for conventional type, curve 2 for forward type, curve 3.As can be seen from the figure, oil pumper maximum lift acceleration of the present invention is 1.82 meter per seconds
2, forward type is 1.90 meter per seconds
2, conventional type is 3.84 meter per seconds
2
Claims (10)
1, a kind of two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit that is used for oilfield comprises:
An engine;
A deceleration device;
One cover drives the belt driver of deceleration device for engine;
One cover is transformed to rotatablely moving of reduction unit output shaft 9 on the polished rod, following translational movement, by crank 1, connecting rod 2, four hinge cranks, the one endplay device movement converter that walking beam or pleasure boat 3 and bracket base 4 are formed, wherein crank 1 is packed in the termination with the output shaft 9 of the deceleration device of bracket base 4 fixed connections, walking beam or pleasure boat 3 are movably hinged by beam travelling supporting 12 with cantilever tip, and can in vertical guide, swing around the axle of this supporting, one end and the crank 1 of connecting rod 2 are movably hinged, the other end by crossbeam 11 or directly and walking beam or pleasure boat 3 on it departs from the position of oscillation center certain distance, be movably hinged;
One cover walking beam-horse head device or pleasure boat device, and rope suspension apparatus;
One cover one-level bascule comprises: crank balance (or non-synchronous crank balance), traditional beam balance, combined balance system or additional horse head suspending weight balance or air-balance that the two has both;
One cover secondary bascule and (or) cover has the one-level bascule of secondary balanced action concurrently,
It is characterized in that:
Described secondary bascule is 2 ω axle pendulum hookups or asynchronous pendulum hookup, and the described one-level bascule that has the secondary balanced action concurrently is a counterweight formula biasing bascule.
2, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described 2 ω axle pendulum hookups are: it is 2 ω axles of crank 1 angular velocity omega twice that oil pumper has an angular velocity, the external part of this 2 ω axle is connected with a cover secondary balanced crank-connecting rod-swing-bar mechanism, wherein secondary balanced crank 14 is packed on the 2 ω axles, secondary balance fork 16 is movably hinged with the secondary balance fork supporting 17 that is fixed on the support 4, secondary balanced connecting rod 15 two ends are movably hinged 14 and 16 respectively, and have one group of secondary counterpoise 16.1 on secondary balance fork 16.
3, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described asynchronous pendulum hookup is: connecting rod 2 at its pin-and-hole 2.1 places also moveable hinge follow slave connecting rod 2 ', this slave connecting rod 2 ' the other end be movably hinged with the asynchronous pendulum 18 that is suspended on beam travelling supporting 12 axles, and have one group of secondary counterpoise 18.4 on the asynchronous pendulum 18.
4, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said counterweight formula biasing bascule is a moving device under the beam balance quality, that is: the tail end at walking beam 3 is equipped with one group of counterweight formula balance weight 10, its barycenter downward bias is from position one segment distance of walking beam 3, and the position of walking beam 3 is meant the line of beam travelling supporting 12 centers (oscillation center of walking beam 3) and crossbeam 11 centers (connecting rod 2 and walking beam 3 hinged centers).
5, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said counterweight formula biasing bascule is to put the counterweight device on the horse head oscillation center, that is: on the walking beam wing plate plane above the horse head oscillation center, one group of counterweight formula of fixed in position balance weight.
6, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said counterweight formula biasing bascule is an outstanding counterweight device under the horse head oscillation center, that is: below the horse head oscillation center, one group of counterweight formula balance weight suspends.
7, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said counterweight formula biasing bascule is a horse head back side counterweight device, that is: one group of counterweight formula balance weight is laid by the edge on the back side of horse head circular arc work plane.
8, two-stage balanced bar oil pumper according to claim 1, its feature also is: walking beam-horse head device adopts the horse head trussed construction.
9, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the asymmetric arrangement that adopts single crank to drive, that is: see over against the work plane of horse head, crank 1(crankshaft balance weight 1.1), connecting rod 2, walking beam (pleasure boat) 3 and horse head 5 are positioned at one of deceleration device 6 side, 2 ω axles then stretch out to the opposite side of deceleration device, the side that whole secondary bascule goes out in 2 ω shaft extensions of deceleration device 6.
10, two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the groove of walking beam 3 or horse head 5, one sleeve screw rod-slide block mechanism is arranged, and connecting rod 2 and the movable ball pivot of the slide block in this screw mandrel-slide block mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107522 CN1015728B (en) | 1988-10-30 | 1988-10-30 | Two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107522 CN1015728B (en) | 1988-10-30 | 1988-10-30 | Two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1039868A CN1039868A (en) | 1990-02-21 |
| CN1015728B true CN1015728B (en) | 1992-03-04 |
Family
ID=4834678
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107522 Expired CN1015728B (en) | 1988-10-30 | 1988-10-30 | Two-stage balance bar beam-punping unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1015728B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042053C (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1999-02-10 | 汪朴澄 | High-efficient energy-saving lever oil pumping machine |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2377378Y (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2000-05-10 | 吐哈石油勘探开发指挥部机械厂 | Quick assembling-and-disassembling adjustable lower bias balancing arm type pumping unit |
| WO2001055552A1 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-08-02 | Pucheng Wang | An oil pumping unit with a counterweight whose centroid can be adjusted |
| WO2009009920A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-22 | Chengqun Jin | A balance pumping unit with a walking beam |
| CN103498663B (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining pumping process parameters of sucker-rod pump lifting system |
| CN105317408A (en) * | 2015-08-15 | 2016-02-10 | 李载敏 | variable torque energy-saving pumping unit |
| CN110485973B (en) * | 2019-08-03 | 2020-06-02 | 大庆市华尔通电控设备有限公司 | Automatic balance adjusting device for asynchronous motor beam-pumping unit in operation |
| CN111503511A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-07 | 长沙宁湖机械设备有限公司 | Oil field natural gas recovery device |
-
1988
- 1988-10-30 CN CN 88107522 patent/CN1015728B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042053C (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1999-02-10 | 汪朴澄 | High-efficient energy-saving lever oil pumping machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1039868A (en) | 1990-02-21 |
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