CN104966840A - Lithium ion battery positive current collector high in safety performance, preparing method thereof and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery positive current collector high in safety performance, preparing method thereof and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN104966840A CN104966840A CN201510352806.1A CN201510352806A CN104966840A CN 104966840 A CN104966840 A CN 104966840A CN 201510352806 A CN201510352806 A CN 201510352806A CN 104966840 A CN104966840 A CN 104966840A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium ion battery positive current collector high in safety performance, a preparing method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The positive current collector comprises an aluminum layer and a porous anodic alumina resistive layer which covers the surface of the aluminum layer. The thickness of the porous anodic alumina resistive layer is 10-100 nm. The porous structure of the porous anodic alumina resistive layer is a blind hole structure. The diameter of blind holes is 0.01-5 microns. The porous anodic alumina resistive layer can effectively increase the resistance of the positive current collector so that the current value generated when a short circuit happens to the battery can be lowered, and accordingly the temperature is decreased when the short circuit happens to the battery and the dangers of firing and exploding caused by heat generated by the battery is avoided. In addition, the adhesive strength of the positive current collector and positive active substances can be improved through the blind hole structure of the positive current collector, so that the probability of falling of the positive active substances during charging and discharging is lowered, and accordingly the cycle life of the lithium ion battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, more specifically, relate to anode current collector of lithium ion battery of a kind of high security and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Environmental protection, capacity are large, volume energy density advantages of higher owing to having for lithium ion battery, are widely used in various portable type electronic product.
Inside lithium ion cell forms primarily of positive plate, negative plate, barrier film and electrolyte, wherein positive plate comprises plus plate current-collecting body (aluminium foil) and positive active material (cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4 etc.), and negative plate comprises negative current collector (Copper Foil) and negative electrode active material (graphite etc.).In common lithium ion battery, the resistance of positive electrode active material films sheet is comparatively approximately 1-2 Ω/cm
2and positive pole aluminium collector, negative pole copper current collector and negative electrode active material membrane resistance are minimum, when battery under abnormal conditions is subject to violent extruding, shock or the mechanical damage such as is pierced through by sharppointed article, likely cause short circuit, the short-circuit resistance that plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil and cathode membrane are formed is less, huge short circuit current may be produced, release a large amount of heat instantaneously and concentrate on short dot, serious thermal runaway certainly will be caused, very likely ignite electrolyte and negative electrode active material, causes the danger of blast on fire.
The resistance on anode collection volume resistance or raising negative plate surface can be improved for this reason, thus reduce the current value of short circuit generation, both make battery in an abnormal situation be short-circuited, also only can cause battery-heating, and the unsafe conditions such as blast on fire can not be caused.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security, described plus plate current-collecting body effectively can improve lithium ion battery security, extend the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method of the anode current collector of lithium ion battery providing above-mentioned high security.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium ion battery comprising above-mentioned plus plate current-collecting body.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
An anode current collector of lithium ion battery for high security, described plus plate current-collecting body comprises aluminium lamination and is coated on the Woelm Alumina resistive layer on described aluminium lamination surface, and the thickness of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 10 ~ 100 nm; The loose structure of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is blind hole structure, and the aperture of described blind hole is 0.01 ~ 5 μm.
By arranging described Woelm Alumina resistive layer on aluminium foil, effectively can increase the resistance of plus plate current-collecting body, thus the current value produced when reducing battery short circuit, then reduce temperature when battery is short-circuited, avoid the danger causing blast on fire because of battery-heating.In addition, the blind hole structure of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer can improve the adhesive strength of plus plate current-collecting body and positive active material, thus reduces the possibility that positive active material comes off in charge and discharge process, then improves the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the thickness of described aluminium foil is 10 ~ 35 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 15 ~ 25 nm.
Preferably, the aperture of described blind hole is 0.1 ~ 1 μm.
To the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security of the present invention, its preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1. first by aluminium foil sonic oscillation in organic solvent, then leave standstill in the aqueous slkali of 0.1 ~ 1mol/L, rinse with water, obtain pretreated aluminium foil;
S2. with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 1.0 mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 36 V, and current density is 10 ~ 100 mA/cm
2;
S3. rinse with water, 50 ~ 60 DEG C of dryings.
Preparation method of the present invention, by adopting the method for electrochemical oxidation, the Woelm Alumina resistive layer of coated one deck densification on the aluminium foil surface of plus plate current-collecting body, the resistance of effective increase plus plate current-collecting body, and by voltage during preferred electrochemical oxidation, current density and electrolysis time, obtain the Woelm Alumina resistive layer with blind hole structure.
In addition, the Woelm Alumina resistive layer that described preparation method obtains and described aluminium lamination adhesion strong, be not easy to come off, be convenient to the following process of plus plate current-collecting body and the making of lithium battery, avoid coming off of in charge and discharge process positive active material simultaneously, greatly improve the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
Preferably, in S1, described organic solvent is ethanol or acetone.
Preferably, in S3, described drying is that hot-air blowing is dry.
Preferably, described acid solution is one or more the mixed aqueous solution in sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, ethanedioic acid, 2 hydroxy propanoic acid.
Preferably, described aqueous slkali is one or more the mixed aqueous solution in sodium acid carbonate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide.
Preferably, in S2, with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 0.3 mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 15 V, and current density is 10 ~ 20 mA/cm
2.
The present invention also provides a kind of high security lithium ion battery, described high security lithium ion battery anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film, electrolyte, shell, described anode pole piece comprises plus plate current-collecting body, and wherein plus plate current-collecting body is the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of above-mentioned high security.
Present invention also offers a kind of method improving anode current collector of lithium ion battery fail safe, it comprises the following steps:
S1. first by aluminium foil sonic oscillation in organic solvent, then leave standstill in the aqueous slkali of 0.1 ~ 1mol/L, rinse with water, obtain pretreated aluminium foil;
S2. with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 1.0mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 36 V, and current density is 10 ~ 100 mA/cm
2;
S3. rinse with water, 50 ~ 60 DEG C of dryings.
Preferably, in S2, with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 0.3 mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 15 V, and current density is 10 ~ 20 mA/cm
2.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security of the present invention, by arranging one deck Woelm Alumina resistive layer, effectively can increase the resistance of plus plate current-collecting body, thus the current value produced when reducing battery short circuit, then temperature when battery is short-circuited is reduced, avoid the danger causing blast on fire because of battery-heating, in addition, the blind hole structure of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer can improve the adhesive strength of plus plate current-collecting body and positive active material, thus reduce the possibility that positive active material comes off in charge and discharge process, then the cycle life of lithium ion battery is improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope diagram of the high security lithium ion battery plus plate current-collecting body of preparation in embodiment 1.
The lithium ion battery of Fig. 2 prepared by use embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 is at room temperature with the cycle performance curve chart of 0.5C discharge and recharge.
The temperature test curve chart of the lithium ion battery lancing test simulated interior short circuit experiment of Fig. 3 prepared by embodiment 1.
The temperature test curve chart of the lithium ion battery lancing test simulated interior short circuit experiment of Fig. 4 prepared by comparative example 1.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention by following specific embodiment, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only for explaining the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention, in the scope that can limit in right of the present invention, carry out various change.
embodiment 1
Take thickness as the aluminium foil of 25 μm be base material, by aluminium foil sonic oscillation 15 minutes in ethanol, remove the greasy dirt on aluminium foil, then in the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.5 mol/L, 2 minutes are left standstill, remove the oxide layer of aluminium foil surface self-assembling formation, then use distilled water flushing 15 seconds, obtain pretreated aluminium foil.With pretreated aluminium foil for anode, graphite cake is negative electrode, and in the aqueous sulfuric acid of 0. 5 mol/L, voltage is 30 V, and current density is 20 mA/cm
2be oxidized 25 minutes, then distilled water flushing is used 15 seconds, 55 DEG C of hot-air blowing dryings, thus the aluminium foil obtained with being coated with Woelm Alumina resistive layer, the thickness detecting Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 75 nm, and the blind hole structure (as shown in Figure 1) of surface uniform distribution, the aperture of blind hole structure is 1 ~ 5 μm.
The preparation of lithium ion battery
With the above-mentioned aluminium foil with porous oxidation resistive layer prepared for plus plate current-collecting body, the steps such as coating positive active material and barrier film, negative plate process reel, enter shell, fluid injection, encapsulate, change into, aging obtain lithium ion battery.Wherein positive electrode active materials is cobalt acid lithium, and negative active core-shell material is graphite, and barrier film is PP/PE/PP trilamellar membrane, and electrolyte is for containing l mol/L LiPF
6methyl ethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate (volume ratio is 1:1) mixed solution.
Battery performance test
At room temperature, lithium ion battery is carried out to the cycle performance test of 0.5C discharge and recharge, as shown in Figure 2, this lithium ion battery circulates after 200 times its result, and its capability retention still reaches 94%.
With the internal short-circuit of lancing test simulation lithium ion battery, as shown in Figure 3, after lancing test, battery surface maximum temperature is lower than 85 DEG C for its result.
embodiment 2
Take thickness as the aluminium foil of 35 μm be base material, by aluminium foil sonic oscillation 10 minutes in acetone, remove the greasy dirt on Al foil substrate, then in the potassium hydroxide solution of 0.25 mol/L, 1 minute is left standstill, remove the oxide layer of aluminium foil surface self-assembling formation, then use distilled water flushing 10 seconds, obtain pretreated aluminium foil.With pretreated aluminium foil for anode, graphite cake is negative electrode, and in the mixed aqueous solution of 0.1 mol/L sulfuric acid, 0.05 mol/L phosphoric acid and 0.02 mol/L 2 hydroxy propanoic acid, voltage is 20 V, and current density is 15 mA/cm
2, be oxidized 20 minutes, then use distilled water flushing 15 seconds, 55 DEG C of hot-air blowing dryings, thus obtain the aluminium foil plus plate current-collecting body being with porous resistive layer.
The thickness of Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 43 nm after testing, and the blind hole structure of surface uniform distribution, the aperture of blind hole structure is 0.1 ~ 3 μm.
The above-mentioned plus plate current-collecting body prepared is prepared into lithium ion battery, and cycle performance test and short-circuit test are carried out to it, the preparation method of lithium ion battery is as identical in embodiment 1 with performance test conditions, and this lithium ion battery circulates after 200 times after testing, and its capability retention is 94%.
With the internal short-circuit of lancing test simulation lithium ion battery, after lancing test, battery surface maximum temperature is 79 DEG C.
embodiment 3
Take thickness as the aluminium foil of 20 μm be base material, by aluminium foil sonic oscillation 10 minutes in acetone, remove the greasy dirt on Al foil substrate, then in the NaOH of 0.1 mol/L and the sodium acid carbonate mixed solution of 0.05 mol/L, 1 minute is left standstill, remove the oxide layer of aluminium foil surface self-assembling formation, then use distilled water flushing 10 seconds, obtain pretreated aluminium foil.With pretreated aluminium foil for anode, graphite cake is negative electrode, and in the mixed aqueous solution of 0.1 mol/L ethanedioic acid and 0.02 mol/L 2 hydroxy propanoic acid, voltage is 12 V, and current density is 15 mA/cm
2, be oxidized 20 minutes, then use distilled water flushing 15 seconds, 55 DEG C of hot-air blowing dryings, thus obtain the aluminium foil plus plate current-collecting body being with porous resistive layer.
The thickness of Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 20 nm after testing, and the blind hole structure of surface uniform distribution, the aperture of blind hole structure is 0.5 ~ 0.8 μm.
The above-mentioned plus plate current-collecting body prepared is prepared into lithium ion battery, and cycle performance test and short-circuit test are carried out to it, the preparation method of lithium ion battery is as identical in embodiment 1 with performance test conditions, and this lithium ion battery circulates after 200 times after testing, and its capability retention is 98 %.
With the internal short-circuit of lancing test simulation lithium ion battery, after lancing test, battery surface maximum temperature is 73 DEG C.
embodiment 4 ~ 12
In embodiment 4 ~ 12, the preparation method of plus plate current-collecting body is identical with embodiment 1, difference is the concentration of the voltage of electrochemical oxidation, current density, acid solution, the plus plate current-collecting body that embodiment 4 ~ 12 prepares is prepared into lithium ion battery, and cycle performance test and lancing test are carried out to it, the preparation method of lithium ion battery is as identical in embodiment 1 with performance test conditions, shown in concrete outcome table 1:
Table 1
comparative example 1
Adopt aluminium collector (without method process of the present invention) in prior art to prepare lithium ion battery, and carry out performance test to it, the preparation method of its lithium ion battery is as identical in embodiment 1 with performance test conditions.
This lithium ion battery circulates after 200 times after testing, and its capability retention is 88%.
With the internal short-circuit of lancing test simulation lithium ion battery, battery catches fire after lancing test, battery surface temperature as shown in Figure 4.
comparative example 2 ~ 10
In comparative example 2 ~ 10, the preparation method of plus plate current-collecting body is identical with embodiment 1, difference is voltage and current density, the acid concentration of electrochemical oxidation, the plus plate current-collecting body that comparative example 2 ~ 10 prepares is prepared into lithium ion battery, and cycle performance test and short-circuit test are carried out to it, the preparation method of lithium ion battery is as identical in embodiment 1 with performance test conditions, shown in concrete outcome table 2:
Table 2
As can be seen from above-mentioned contrast, preparation method of the present invention effectively can reduce the hot face temperature after lithium ion battery short circuit, improves the capability retention of cycle performance of lithium ion battery simultaneously.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all execution modes.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection range that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an anode current collector of lithium ion battery for high security, is characterized in that, described plus plate current-collecting body comprises aluminium lamination and is coated on the Woelm Alumina resistive layer on described aluminium lamination surface, and the thickness of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 10 ~ 100 nm; The loose structure of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is blind hole structure, and the aperture of described blind hole is 0.01 ~ 5 μm.
2. the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described Woelm Alumina resistive layer is 15 ~ 25 nm.
3. the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture of described blind hole is 0.1 ~ 1 μm.
4. a preparation method for the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1. first by aluminium foil sonic oscillation in organic solvent, then leave standstill in the aqueous slkali of 0.1 ~ 1mol/L, rinse with water, obtain pretreated aluminium foil;
S2. with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 1.0mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 36 V, and current density is 10 ~ 100 mA/cm
2;
S3. rinse with water, 50 ~ 60 DEG C of dryings.
5. the preparation method of the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in S3, described drying is that hot-air blowing is dry.
6. the preparation method of the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described acid solution is one or more the mixed aqueous solution in sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, ethanedioic acid, 2 hydroxy propanoic acid.
7. the preparation method of the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of high security according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in S2, with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 0.3 mol/L for electrolyte, electrochemical oxidation is carried out to described pretreated aluminium foil, time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 15 V, and current density is 10 ~ 20 mA/cm
2.
8. a high security lithium ion battery, comprises plus plate current-collecting body, it is characterized in that, described plus plate current-collecting body is the anode current collector of lithium ion battery of the high security described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3.
9. improve a method for anode current collector of lithium ion battery fail safe, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1. first by aluminium foil sonic oscillation in organic solvent, then leave standstill in the aqueous slkali of 0.1 ~ 1mol/L, rinse with water, obtain pretreated aluminium foil;
S2. with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 1.0mol/L for electrolyte, carry out electrochemical oxidation to described pretreated aluminium foil, the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 36 V, and current density is 10 ~ 100 mA/cm
2;
S3. rinse with water, 50 ~ 60 DEG C of dryings.
10. the method for raising anode current collector of lithium ion battery according to claim 9 fail safe, it is characterized in that, in S2, with the acid solution of 0.1 ~ 0.3 mol/L for electrolyte, electrochemical oxidation is carried out to described pretreated aluminium foil, time is 15 ~ 25 minutes, and voltage is 10 ~ 15 V, and current density is 10 ~ 20 mA/cm
2.
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| CN105870458A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | Copper current collector used for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN108511680A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive plate, preparation method thereof and energy storage device |
| CN108832133A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-16 | 福建猛狮新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of flexible current-collecting body battery and its manufacturing method |
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| CN105449225A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of aluminum collector in three-dimensional porous structure |
| CN105870458A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | Copper current collector used for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108832133A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-16 | 福建猛狮新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of flexible current-collecting body battery and its manufacturing method |
| CN110783530A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Method for manufacturing electrode for solid battery |
| CN110783530B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2022-09-27 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Method for manufacturing electrode for solid battery |
| CN110867585A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-06 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Pole piece and electrochemical device |
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| CN113764675A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-12-07 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Pole piece and electrochemical device |
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| CN111029590A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州清陶新能源科技有限公司 | Battery pole piece substrate, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112490427A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Cathode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114094053A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-25 | 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 | Tail aluminum foil processing method for improving safety test of lithium ion battery |
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