CN104964623A - Large-area or large-volume concrete pre-buried blast hole arrangement method and blasting demolition method - Google Patents
Large-area or large-volume concrete pre-buried blast hole arrangement method and blasting demolition method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed are a large-area or large-volume concrete pre-buried blast hole arrangement method and a blasting demolition method. A plurality of high-heat-conductivity HDPE plastic pipes or steel pipes or cast iron pipes are pre-buried in concrete, can be used as cooling water pipes in the large-volume concrete construction process, and can also be used as blast holes for blasting demolition in the future. In the blasting demolition construction process, through the technical means of binding continuous or discontinuous cartridge bags and detonating cords through ropes for traction power charging and the like, stable explosion propagation and a good crushing effect are guaranteed. The life cycle design philosophy is applied, meanwhile, temperature control in the large-area and large-volume concrete construction process and blasting demolition in the future are considered, and revolutionary technical progress is achieved. Good economic and social benefits can be brought.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blasting engineering field, relate to the BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION of a kind of large area or mass concrete specifically.
Background technology
In engineering construction, a lot of occasion needs to build large area or mass concrete, as concrete slab in the concrete dam in hydraulic engineering or mine, the concrete shear force wall in skyscraper, large-sized concrete basis, concrete soil-baffling structure, building.
Specify in China's " mass concrete construction specification " GB50496-2009: the concrete component that concrete structure entity minimum geometries is not less than 1m is mass concrete; Usually to the definition of large area concrete, refer to that an one dimension size of concrete structure entity is less than 1m, but two-dimension sizes is all greater than 2m in addition.For the concrete component demolition blasting of these large area and large volume, in engineering, common way is the borehole and carry out bursting work of just constructing when removing.This way has a lot of drawback: owing to often there is reinforcing bar (stirrup particularly gathered) in concrete, boring difficulty is very large; Add that scantling is large, often cost of holing is very high.
For solving the problem, we need to use for reference full-time design theory, the demolition blasting of these large area or mass concrete component is just considered at the beginning of design, the pre-buried pipeline when concrete construction, form the big gun hole being used for demolition blasting in the future, and coordinate the some other blasting technique measure of employing, reach demolition blasting object that is efficient, low cost.
In fact, the mass concrete in engineering often needs pre-buried cooling water pipe wherein to control concrete internal temperature when building.We just can consider cooling and the demolition blasting of mass concrete completely in the lump at the beginning of design, and cooling pipe pre-buried during mass concrete construction, can double as the big gun hole of the demolition blasting of mass concrete in the future.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION in a kind of large area or the pre-buried big gun hole of mass concrete, reaches demolition blasting object that is safe, efficient, low cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of large area or the pre-buried steel for shot mode of mass concrete, inside concrete is provided with the many pre-buried big gun holes of the linear pattern be parallel to each other, the both ends open in every root pre-buried big gun hole in concrete surface, the pre-buried big gun hole of every root and plane-parallel.
A kind of large area or the pre-buried steel for shot mode of mass concrete, be provided with the many pre-buried big gun holes of the linear pattern be parallel to each other at inside concrete, the pre-buried big gun hole of linear pattern and plane-parallel; At grade many pre-buried big gun holes are communicated with, and form single path, the both ends open of path is in concrete surface; Till the termination in other the pre-buried big gun holes except path both ends open extends to the thickness of a distance concrete surface matcoveredn.
Described pre-buried big gun hole adopts HDPE plastic pipe or outer wall to have steel pipe or the cast iron pipe of longitudinal indentation.
Utilize pre-buried steel for shot mode to carry out the method for large area or mass concrete demolition blasting, comprise the following steps:
1) find pipe pre-buried big gun hole both ends open, and clear up big gun hole with high-pressure blast;
2) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in pre-buried big gun hole; Part silk thread or adhesive tape colligation is continuous or discontinuous explosive and primacord outside the hole of rope yarn subsequently, drag the other end of rope yarn, be dragged to by explosive in pre-buried big gun hole, primacord is covered with pre-buried big gun hole total length and extends to outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
Another kind utilizes pre-buried steel for shot mode to carry out the method for large area or mass concrete demolition blasting, comprises the following steps:
1) destroy the concrete cover that pre-buried big gun bore ends covers, find the termination, two ends in the pre-buried big gun hole of every root pipe, and clear up big gun hole with high-pressure blast;
2) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in pre-buried big gun hole; Part silk thread or adhesive tape colligation is continuous or discontinuous explosive and primacord outside the hole of rope yarn subsequently, drag the other end of rope yarn, be all dragged to by explosive in pre-buried big gun hole, primacord is covered with pre-buried big gun hole total length and extends to outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
In said method, step 2) and 3) can also be following operation:
2) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in pre-buried big gun hole; Part silk thread or the continuous explosive of adhesive tape colligation outside the hole of rope yarn subsequently, one of them explosive is inserted with detonator and lead-in wire, drags the other end of rope yarn, is all dragged to by explosive in pre-buried big gun hole, and lead-in wire extends outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
In said method, explosive is not covered with the one or both ends in pre-buried big gun hole, and there is plugging material the one or both ends in pre-buried big gun hole.
Described explosive is cartridge bag or powder stick or powder charge pipe.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: full-time design theory is introduced in the demolition blasting engineering of large area, mass concrete by the present invention, fundamentally changes the design of building, construction and dismounting and reuse.Thisly just considering that process scrapped by building element from during design, is the revolutionary progress of large area, large volume building element BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION.
BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION scheme provided by the invention, the pre-buried pipeline when concrete construction, only need find pre-buried pipeline during Demolition Construction, just bursting work can be carried out, avoid and hole in armored concrete, saved a large amount of manpower and materials, it also avoid drilling construction noise pollution.
Large volume BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION scheme provided by the invention, convenient construction when temperature controls and removes when integration is considered to construct.Cooling water pipe is selected the material of high thermal conductivity and arrange indentation on steel pipe or cast iron pipe; Namely the pipeline buried underground can use as cooling water pipe during concreting, meet concrete cooling requirement well, as explosive, passage can be installed when removing quick-fried again, easily break during broken big gun hole, can transfer energy in concrete well and go, obtained fine crushing effect, this has accomplished to kill two birds with one stone, and greatly reduces construction costs.In fact, these built-in pipes can also double as the passage of cable or some p-wires and sensor.
The invention provides pre-buried big gun hole scheme, big gun hole is comparatively dark, fully blasting energy can be used for the fragmentation of armored concrete, reduces noise of blasting and slungshot, is conducive to shotfiring safety.
Present invention, avoiding bore operation, the concrete temperature control simultaneously considered and crushing effect, alleviate the destruction of explosion to environment; Good economic and social benefit can be brought.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the positive elevational schematic view of an embodiment in large area, mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole.
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of Fig. 1 in A-A position.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of an embodiment in large area, the pre-buried big gun hole of mass concrete.
Fig. 4 is the generalized section of Fig. 3 in B-B position.
Fig. 5 is the positive elevational schematic view of an embodiment in large area, mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole.
Fig. 6 is the generalized section of Fig. 5 in C-C position.
Fig. 7, is the pre-buried big gun hole utilizing Fig. 4 to provide, carries out the blast hole projectile filling schematic diagram of demolition blasting.
Fig. 8, is the pre-buried big gun hole utilizing Fig. 6 to provide, carries out the blast hole projectile filling schematic diagram of demolition blasting.
Fig. 9 is the cross sectional representation of embedded steel tube or cast iron pipe.
Figure 10 is the positive elevational schematic view of another embodiment in large area, mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole.
Figure 11 is the generalized section of Figure 10 in D-D position.
Figure 12 is the schematic top plan view of another embodiment in large area, the pre-buried big gun hole of mass concrete.
Figure 13 is the generalized section of Figure 12 in E-E position.
In figure, 1-concrete; 2-pre-buried big gun hole; 3-opening; 4-protective layer; 5-explosive; 6-primacord; 7-rope yarn; 8-silk thread; 9-detonator; 10-lead-in wire; 11-plugging material; 12-tube wall; 13-indentation.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be large area, the positive facade of an embodiment in mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole and A-A generalized section, comprise that 2 points, concrete 1, three horizontal linear shape be parallel to each other pre-buried big gun holes are two-layerly arranged in concrete 1, the both ends open 3 in all pre-buried big gun holes 2 is positioned at the surface of concrete 1.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, large area, the overlooking and B-B generalized section an of embodiment in the pre-buried big gun hole of mass concrete, comprise concrete 1, three pre-buried big gun holes 2 of the horizontal linear shape be parallel to each other, three pre-buried big gun holes 2 are in vertical plane, by the mode of proximity head connecting water pipe, be communicated with into single path, the both ends open of path is in concrete 1 surface; The termination in other the pre-buried big gun holes 2 except path two ends, till extending to the thickness of a distance concrete 1 surface matcoveredn.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, large area, the positive facade of an embodiment in mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole and C-C generalized section, comprising 2 points three layers, the pre-buried big gun hole of concrete 1, four horizontal linear shape be parallel to each other is arranged in concrete 1, four pre-buried big gun holes 2 are in horizontal plane, by the mode of proximity head connecting water pipe, be communicated with into single path, the both ends open of path is in concrete 1 surface; The termination in other the pre-buried big gun holes 2 except path two ends, till extending to the thickness of a distance concrete 1 surface matcoveredn.
As shown in Figure 7, be the pre-buried big gun hole utilizing Fig. 4 to provide, after destroying the protective layer 4 of end, pre-buried big gun hole 2 covering, carry out the blast hole projectile filling schematic diagram of demolition blasting.Have rope yarn 7 in pre-buried big gun hole 2, rope yarn 7 one end is outside hole, and the other end is in hole, and part silk thread 8 or the discontinuous explosive 5 of adhesive tape colligation and primacord 6 in hole, primacord 6 is covered with pre-buried big gun hole 2 total length and extends to outside hole.
As shown in Figure 8, it is the pre-buried big gun hole utilizing Fig. 6 to provide, after destroying the protective layer 4 of end, pre-buried big gun hole 2 covering, carry out the blast hole projectile filling schematic diagram of demolition blasting, in pre-buried big gun hole 2, have rope yarn 7, rope yarn 7 one end is outside hole, the other end is in hole, and in hole, part silk thread 8 or the continuous explosive 5 of adhesive tape colligation, be inserted with detonator 9 in one of them explosive, on detonator 9 leaded 10, lead-in wire 10 extends to outside hole; One end not powder charge of big gun hole, and block with plugging material 11.
Fig. 9 is the profile of embedded steel tube or cast iron pipe, tube wall 12 has longitudinal indentation 13.
As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, be large area, the positive facade of an embodiment in mass concrete pre-buried big gun hole and D-D generalized section.In this embodiment, pre-buried big gun hole 2 is vertical with concrete length direction, and multilayer is arranged, adjacent two layers pipeline staggers.In same layer built-in pipe, every 4 pipelines, by interconnecting, form single path.Path both ends open is on concrete facade.The termination in other the pre-buried big gun holes 2 except path both ends open, till extending to the thickness of a distance concrete 1 surface matcoveredn.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, be large area, the overlooking and E-E generalized section an of embodiment in the pre-buried big gun hole of mass concrete.In this embodiment, pre-buried big gun hole 2 is vertical with concrete length direction, point 6 layers of layout.6 (6 layers) pipelines in the plane vertical with concrete length direction, by interconnecting, form single path.Path both ends open is on concrete facade.The termination in other the pre-buried big gun holes 2 except path both ends open, till extending to the thickness of distance concrete (1) surface matcoveredn.
Above-mentioned pre-buried big gun hole 2 can select high-termal conductivity HDPE plastic pipe or outer wall to have steel pipe or the cast iron pipe of longitudinal indentation 13, doubles as cooling water pipe during concrete construction.
Above-mentioned explosive 5 is cartridge bag or powder stick or powder charge pipe, and explosive can use emulsion and aqueous gels.
Above-mentioned rope yarn 7 selects the rope made of hemp or high score material cords or iron wire or steel wire rope.
Above-mentioned silk thread 8 selects thin wire or cotton thread or nylon yarn.
Above-mentioned detonator 9 selects electric cap or on-electric detonator.
Above-mentioned plugging material 11 selects stemming, old newsprint.
Embodiment 1: the high 30m of concrete (having arrangement of reinforcement) shear wall, long 15 meters, thick 0.30m.Diameter is 32mm, the impressed steel pipe of outer wall of length 15 m is every 1m elevation, be arranged on the center line of shear wall horizontal cross-section along the contour of body of wall length direction is pre-buried, the superiors pipe distance upper surface 1m, the bottom one is concordant with ground, and one has 30 steel pipes.Every root steel pipe both ends open is in the side of concrete walls.
Utilize above-mentioned embedded steel tube as the big gun hole of shear wall demolition blasting, working procedure of the present invention is:
1) find pre-buried big gun hole both ends open, and clear up pipeline with pressure wind;
2) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in pre-buried big gun hole; The discontinuous emulsification powder stick of part silk thread colligation and primacord outside the hole of rope yarn subsequently, powder stick interval 15cm, powder stick diameter 25mm; Drag the other end of rope yarn, cartridge bag is dragged in pre-buried big gun hole; Primacord is covered with pre-buried big gun hole total length and extends to outside hole;
3) ignite all primacords simultaneously.
Embodiment 2: concrete dam top thickness 6m, base thickness 50m, high 80m, long 200m.As Figure 10, pre-buried steel for shot form (the built-in pipe radical and the schematic diagram that form single channel in this example are variant) shown in Figure 11, from dam foundation ground, every the impressed cast iron pipe of the pre-buried outer wall of 1.2m elevation (doubling as cooling water pipe during concrete construction), as pre-buried big gun hole, cast iron pipe internal diameter 40mm, pipeline, all in horizontal plane, moves towards vertical with dam length direction, in same level, pipeline is parallel to each other, interval 1.8m between pipeline.6 built-in pipes on same plane are communicated with into single path, and the both ends open of path is in dam back side (the superiors' wall scroll path-length is about 40m, and bottom wall scroll path is about as 306m); The termination of other built-in pipes except path two ends, till extending to the thickness of a distance concrete surface matcoveredn.
According to the pre-buried big gun hole of above-mentioned axis and blast hole loading structure, working procedure of the present invention is:
1) solid carbon dioxide storehouse is put;
2) destroy the concrete cover of the termination in pre-big gun hole, find two ends, each root pre-buried big gun hole, and clear up pipeline with pressure wind;
3) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in each pre-buried big gun hole; Outside the hole of rope yarn, part adhesive tape colligation diameter is 32mm subsequently, length is aqueous gels powder charge pipe (continuous charging) and the primacord of 0.5m, drag the other end of rope yarn, be dragged to by powder charge pipe in pre-buried big gun hole, primacord is covered with pre-buried big gun hole total length and extends to outside hole.
4) adopt hole male extension device, successively connection segment blasting network, successively detonates from top to down.
Embodiment 3: 4.9m is risen on cuboid concrete (inside having reinforcing bar) basis, wide 6m, long 50m.As Figure 12, shown in Figure 13, from foundation ground, every 0.7m elevation pre-buried one deck high-termal conductivity HDPE plastic pipe (doubling as cooling water pipe during concrete construction) as pre-buried big gun hole, plastic tube internal diameter 32mm, same layer pipeline, all in a horizontal plane, moves towards vertical with foundation length direction, interval 1m between pipeline.In the vertical plane vertical with foundation length direction, 6 (one every layer) built-in pipes parallel to each other are communicated with into single path, and the both ends open of path is in the facade on basis, and wall scroll path-length is about 40m; The termination of other built-in pipes except path two ends, till extending to the thickness of a distance concrete surface matcoveredn.
According to the pre-buried big gun hole of above-mentioned axis and blast hole loading structure, working procedure of the present invention is:
1) destroy the concrete cover of the termination in pre-buried big gun hole, find two ends, each root pre-buried big gun hole, and clear up pipeline with pressure wind;
2) rope yarn is penetrated also until another opening from the one end open in pre-buried big gun hole; Outside the hole of rope yarn, part thin wire colligation diameter is 25mm subsequently, length is the emulsion explosive cartridge (continuous charging) of 0.2m, and inserts detonator in a powder stick wherein, leaded on detonator; Drag the other end of rope yarn, Explosive roll is all dragged in pre-buried big gun hole, makes the lead-in wire of detonator extend to outside hole; The detonator used is delay detonator, and in each plane vertical with foundation length direction, 6 big gun holes use with section detonator.
4) connect initiation net, detonate successively toward the other end from basic one end.
Claims (8)
1. a large area or the pre-buried steel for shot mode of mass concrete, it is characterized in that: be provided with the many pre-buried big gun holes (2) of the linear pattern be parallel to each other in concrete (1) inside, the both ends open of the pre-buried big gun hole (2) of every root in the surface of concrete (1), the pre-buried big gun hole (2) of every root and plane-parallel.
2. large area or the pre-buried steel for shot mode of mass concrete, is characterized in that: be provided with the many pre-buried big gun holes (2) of the linear pattern be parallel to each other in concrete (1) inside, the pre-buried big gun hole (2) of linear pattern and plane-parallel; At grade many pre-buried big gun holes (2) are communicated with, and form single path, and the both ends open of path is in concrete (1) surface; Till the termination of other the pre-buried big gun holes (2) except path both ends open extends to the thickness of a distance concrete surface matcoveredn.
3. the large area according to right 1 or 2 or the pre-buried steel for shot mode of mass concrete, is characterized in that: described pre-buried big gun hole (2) adopts HDPE plastic pipe or outer wall to have steel pipe or the cast iron pipe of longitudinal indentation (13).
4. the pre-buried steel for shot mode utilizing claim 1 to provide carries out the method for large area or mass concrete demolition blasting, and its feature is: comprise the following steps:
1) find the both ends open (3) of managing pre-buried big gun hole (2), and clear up big gun hole with high-pressure blast;
2) rope yarn (7) is penetrated and until another opening from the one end open (3) of pre-buried big gun hole (2); Part silk thread (8) or adhesive tape colligation is continuous or discontinuous explosive (5) and primacord (6) outside the hole of rope yarn (7) subsequently, drag the other end of rope yarn (7), be dragged in pre-buried big gun hole (2) by explosive (5), primacord (6) is covered with pre-buried big gun hole (2) total length and extends to outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
5. utilize the pre-buried steel for shot mode described in claim 2 to carry out the method for large area or mass concrete demolition blasting, its feature is: comprise the following steps:
1) destroy the concrete cover (4) that pre-buried big gun hole (2) end covers, find the termination, two ends of the pre-buried big gun hole (2) of every root pipe, and clear up big gun hole with high-pressure blast;
2) rope yarn (7) is penetrated and until another opening from the one end open (3) of pre-buried big gun hole (2); Part silk thread (8) or adhesive tape colligation is continuous or discontinuous explosive (5) and primacord (6) outside the hole of rope yarn (7) subsequently, drag the other end of rope yarn (7), all be dragged in pre-buried big gun hole (2) by explosive (5), primacord (6) is covered with pre-buried big gun hole (2) total length and extends to outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
6. the method according to claim 4 or 5, its feature is: step 2) and 3) can also be following operation:
2) rope yarn (7) is penetrated and until another opening from the one end open (3) of pre-buried big gun hole (2); Part silk thread (8) or the continuous explosive of adhesive tape colligation (5) outside the hole of rope yarn (7) subsequently, one of them explosive is inserted with detonator (9) and lead-in wire (10), drag the other end of rope yarn (7), all be dragged to by explosive (5) in pre-buried big gun hole (2), lead-in wire (10) extends outside hole;
3) connect blasting network, determine each hole firing order and ignite.
7. the method according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that: described explosive (5) is not covered with the one or both ends of pre-buried big gun hole (2), and there is plugging material (11) one or both ends of pre-buried big gun hole (2).
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described explosive (5) is cartridge bag or powder stick or powder charge pipe.
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