CN104964461B - Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber - Google Patents
Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104964461B CN104964461B CN201510346504.3A CN201510346504A CN104964461B CN 104964461 B CN104964461 B CN 104964461B CN 201510346504 A CN201510346504 A CN 201510346504A CN 104964461 B CN104964461 B CN 104964461B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber, and belongs to the technical field of light-condensation solar thermal power generation devices. The heat absorber comprises a gas supplying unit, a heat exchanging unit and a cavity. The gas supplying unit comprises a CO2 gas storage tank connected with the cavity, a gas pump is further arranged on a pipeline connected with the cavity, a first valve is arranged at an exhausting opening of the CO2 gas storage tank, and a second valve is arranged at a gas inlet of the cavity. The heat exchanging unit comprises a heat exchanger connected with the cavity, the heat exchanger is communicated with an exhausting pipeline of the CO2 gas storage tank through a bypass pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline. An air discharging valve and a CO2 gas discharging valve are arranged at the top of the cavity. Greenhouse gas is sufficiently utilized, a novel utilization mode which saves energy and reduces emissions is adopted, and the heat absorber is reasonable in structural arrangement and easy to obtain and has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Photospot solar thermal electric generator technical field is and in particular to a kind of improved solar energy water working medium
Cavity type heat absorber.
Background technology
The raising realized due to continuous consumption and the national environmental protection of Fossil fuel, solar energy thermal-power-generating causes the heat in the whole world
Point concern.Light collection solar generation technology (csp) mainly has tower, slot type and dish-style heat to generate electricity three kinds at present, wherein tower
To focus on ratio high because of it for solar heat power generation system, can achieve and extensive generate electricity and be subject to both at home and abroad the advantages of generating efficiency is high
Extensive concern.The ultimate principle of tower-type solar thermal power generating system is to being placed in high-altitude using heliostat matrix by solar focusing
In heat extractor in, working media absorbs radiations heat energy in heat extractor to produce high temperature and high pressure steam thus driving steam turbine group
Generate electricity, thus converting the solar into electric energy.
In tower-type solar thermal power generating system, heat extractor is the light that one kind is placed in centre focus high tower (solar tower) top
Heat conversion device, its major function is that the high concentration ratio solar energy after focusing on through beam condensing unit (heliostat array) is converted into stream
The heat energy of the heat-absorbing medium (water/vapor, fuse salt etc.) of arranged heat-absorbent surface (tube bank) on heat extractor, thus heat extractor
Performance determines the hot generating efficiency of whole system.With the raising of tower-type solar thermal power generating system capacity, the height of solar tower
Degree also increases considerably 100 meters of (>), the meteorological condition (wind speed, temperature etc.) in hundred meters of high-altitudes makes the thermal efficiency of heat extractor significantly
Degree reduces, and the design concept of wherein cavity type heat absorber is also for being less high aerial high wind speed, low temperature pair to a certain extent
The impact of the heat extractor thermal efficiency and produce.So-called cavity heat absorber is the multiaspect cube of a face opening (aperture),
Wherein cubical structure of multiaspect is designed with being oriented to meet optic black matrix structure, and the solar energy after optically focused is by adopting
Optical port injects inside cavity, and the heat absorption working medium being disposed in the heat-absorbent surface of cavity inner surface is absorbed, and completes the light of key
Hot-cast socket process.This cavity type heat absorber can receive special angle, the solar radiation of specific mirror field areas, and can suitably reduce should
Convection current that Upper Air Weather Condition causes and radiation heat loss, Hispanic ps-10, ps-20 and Beijing that open type aperture causes
Yanqing Asia seat of honour mw level Demonstration Station all employs such heat extractor.
In general, cavity type heat absorber due to its structure simple, good economy performance, technology maturation and by many business power stations
Using.Tower type solar energy thermal power generation will develop to high parameter, extensive direction, have two problems to show in the application aspect of heat extractor
Obtain especially prominent.First, sun tower height degree and aperture opening cause convection heat losses and radiation heat loss.With solar heat
The capacity of power plant is consequently increased to the generating of dozens or even hundreds of mw, the daylighting open area of the height of solar tower and heat extractor.
Data is had to show, high aerial wind speed is approximately directly proportional to height quadratic relationship, therefore, the convection current heat waste that sun tower height degree causes
Lose, and the impact to heat extractor efficiency for the hyperthermia radiation heat loss that causes of heat extractor aperture becomes particularly critical.Second, high
The heat flow density on the heat extractor surface that the heliostat field of focusing ratio causes is uneven.With the increase of generating capacity, heliostat battle array
The focusing ratio of row also dramatically increases.Under normal circumstances, heliostat array focus on solar energy present center highest, around by inner to
The hot spot that exterior-heat current density reduces successively, has data to show, the ratio of the center of optically focused hot spot and the heat flow density of outermost can be high
Reach 9:1, and this phenomenon can become especially prominent with the raising of the focusing ratio of heliostat field.So highly non-uniform
Heat flow density is projected on housing surface, can cause working medium flow maldistribution and refluence between heat extractor difference heat-absorbent surface, stop
The serious hydrodynamic force instability problem of stagnant grade, leads to the safety problem of heat-absorbent surface calcination and thrashing when serious.How effectively to close
Reason ground reduces heat extractor heat loss and overcomes heat extractor surface heat flux inequality to be restriction tower type solar to Large Copacity, height
The key technology sex chromosome mosaicism of parameters advances.
Content of the invention
For the defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art to exist, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of solar energy water working fluid chamber
Formula heat extractor, this cavity type heat absorber can effectively solve the problem that on existing chamber heat extractor heat-absorbent surface that heat flow density is uneven and heat loss
Larger problem.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, including air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity；Air supply unit include with
The co that cavity is connected2Gas storage tank, goes back gas pump, in co on the pipeline being connected with cavity2The exhaust ports of gas storage tank
First valve is set, the second valve is set at the air inlet of cavity；Heat exchange unit includes the heat exchanger being connected with cavity, heat exchange
Device passes through bypass duct and co2The discharge duct of gas storage tank is connected, and arranges bypass valve on bypass duct；In chamber
The top of body is provided with bleed air valve and co2Gas exhaust valve.
Equipped with glass cover-plate at the opening of cavity.
Described glass cover-plate is made up of anti-high pressure, the quartz glass more than 90% for the high temperature resistant and light transmittance.
It is additionally provided with co above bleed air valve2Detector.
All pipelines that air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity are connected are made by the round steel pipe with heat-insulation layer.
Described the first valve, the second valve, bypass valve, co2Gas exhaust valve and bleed air valve are ball valve or lock
Valve.
Described gas pump is for providing the gas pump of at least 1.5mpa pressed gas.
Vertical water pipe is arranged on the heat-absorbent surface of cavity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following beneficial technique effect:
Modified model solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber disclosed by the invention, increased the air supply unit to cavity, that is, leads to
Cross co2Air accumulator provides co for cavity2Gas.The main energetic of solar radiation concentrates between 0.2-2 μm, belongs to shortwave radiation,
The main energetic of heat extractor inner surface radiation is between 0.8-100 μm, and co2Gas is three atomic gas, and it absorbs and radiation
There is strong selectivity to wavelength.Co is filled in cavity2Gas can allow the shortwave major part that solar radiation goes out pass through, and can inhale
Receive the radiation energy of heat extractor inner surface, be a kind of good radiant energy absorbance body, therefore can reduce the radiant heat of cavity inner surface
Loss.Simultaneously as co2The thermal diffusion effect of gas, the heat flow density enabling to heat extractor inner surface becomes more uniform,
co2The energy of gas storage can also be utilized.The present invention takes full advantage of greenhouse gases, is a kind of new of energy-saving and emission-reduction
Using form, apparatus structure setting rationally, is easily realized, is had a extensive future.
Further, equipped with glass cover-plate at the opening of cavity, glass cover-plate inhibits cavity inner surface to the present invention
Heat convection.And the concentration of its internal accumulation of heat gas can be improved, thus effectively increasing to cavity appropriateness pressurization after installing glass cover-plate additional
Plus caloric receptivity；The installing additional and co of glass cover-plate2The filling of gas, can solve to a certain extent cavity type heat absorber heat loss and
The heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface.
Further, it is additionally provided with co above bleed air valve2Detector, can air in test chamber whether
Emptying, to ensure co in cavity2Being sufficient filling with of gas.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is assembly of the invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure figure of the cavity type heat absorber of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is longitudinal sectional drawing of the cavity type heat absorber of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is co2Detector；2 is bleed air valve；3 is cavity；4 is glass cover-plate；5 is co2Gas is discharged
Valve；6 is heat exchanger；7 is bypass valve；8 is the second valve；9 is co2Gas storage tank；10 is the first valve；11 is gas
Pump；12 is vertical water pipe；13 is heat-absorbent surface；14 is cavity bottom surface.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail: the present embodiment is the technical scheme is that
Under the premise of implemented, give detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to following enforcements
Example.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a modification of the present invention type solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, including air supply unit, change
Hot cell and cavity 3；
Air supply unit includes the co with certain pressure2Gas storage tank 9, co2Gas storage tank 9 exhaust ports are provided with
One valve 10, in co2One gas pump 11, the air inlet of cavity 3 are additionally provided with the pipeline that gas storage tank 9 is connected with cavity 3
It is provided with the second valve 8 at mouthful.It is provided with bleed air valve 2 and co at the top of cavity 32Gas exhaust valve 5.In bleed air valve 2
Top is additionally provided with co2Detector 1.
Heat exchange unit includes the heat exchanger 6 being connected with cavity 3, and heat exchanger 6 passes through bypass duct and co2Gas storage tank 9
Discharge duct be connected, and on bypass duct arrange bypass valve 7.
Preferably, installed a glass cover-plate 4 additional at cavity 3 opening.This glass cover-plate 4 is the stone of light transmittance more than 90%
English glass, and to have certain resistance to compression, heat-resisting ability.The installing additional and co of glass cover-plate2The filling of gas, can be to a certain degree
The upper solution heat loss of cavity type heat absorber and the heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface.
Described pipeline is the round steel pipe with heat-insulation layer.Described first valve 10, the second valve 8, bypass valve 7, co2
Gas exhaust valve 5 and bleed air valve 2 are ball valve or gate valve, will have good sealing property.Described gas pump 11 is one
As air pump, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the gas of 1.5mpa pressure.Described co2Gas storage tank 9 is the cylinder of steel with certain pressure.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with co above bleed air valve 22Detector 1, can air in test chamber whether
Emptying, to ensure co in cavity2Being sufficient filling with of gas.
Fig. 3 is longitudinal sectional drawing of the cavity type heat absorber of the present invention, and as seen from Figure 3, vertical water pipe 12 is in heat-absorbent surface 13
On, in VERTICAL TUBE 12, device of working medium absorbs radiation energy thus producing the gas of High Temperature High Pressure.
The modified model solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber of the present invention, operationally:
Carrying out co2During gas filling, first have to the air in cavity 3 to discharge, workflow is as follows: close co2Gas
Dump valve 5, bypass valve 7, open bleed air valve 2, the first valve 10, the second valve 8, co2Gas is from co2Gas storage tank 9
Middle output, delivers in high aerial cavity 3 through gas pump 11 pressurization, due to co2Density ratio air is high, therefore co2Can be slow from bottom
Slow rising, discharges the air in cavity 3, works as co from bleed air valve 22Air is drained only, co2Detector 1 just can detect
To co2When close bleed air valve 2, stop aerofluxuss simultaneously and simultaneously close the second valve 8, be now filled with co in cavity 32.
When solar radiation is focused onto in cavity 3, overwhelming majority radiation can pass through co2Project on heat-absorbent surface 13,
Now the device of working medium in the VERTICAL TUBE 12 on heat-absorbent surface 13 absorbs radiation energy generation high temperature and high pressure steam, heat-absorbent surface 13 itself simultaneously
The outside emittance of meeting, the energy major part of radiation is by co2Absorb, simultaneously because thermal diffusion effect, the high co of temperature2Can spread
Go to the low region of temperature, so that heat-flux ratio is more uniform on whole heat-absorbent surface 13.
When heat extractor quits work, need using being stored in co2In energy when, open co2Gas exhaust valve 5, bypass
Valve 7 and the second valve 8, simultaneously close off the first valve 10, and gas pump 11 is by hot co2Gas is transported in heat exchanger 6 and outer
Boundary carries out the gas that heat exchange becomes under room temperature, and through bypass valve 7, gas pump 11 returns to cavity 3 thus completing a circulation.
In sum, the modified model solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber of the present invention had the advantage that as follows:
1st, take full advantage of greenhouse gases, be a kind of new utilization form of energy-saving and emission-reduction；
2nd, quartz glass cover plate inhibits the heat convection of cavity inner surface, and can appropriateness pressurize, and improves internal accumulation of heat gas
Bulk concentration, increases caloric receptivity；
3、co2Gas can absorb the radiant heat of cavity inner surface, reduces radiation heat loss；
4、co2Gas makes heat flow density on cavity heat-absorbent surface more uniform；
5th, the applying of quartz glass cover plate and co2The filling of gas, can solve the heat waste of cavity type heat absorber to a certain extent
Become estranged the heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber is it is characterised in that include air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity (3)；For
Gas unit includes the co being connected with cavity (3)2Gas storage tank (9), in co2The pipe that gas storage tank (9) is connected with cavity (3)
Gas pump (11) is additionally provided with road, in co2The exhaust ports of gas storage tank (9) arrange the first valve (10), in cavity (3)
Setting the second valve (8) at air inlet；Heat exchange unit includes the heat exchanger (6) being connected with cavity (3), and heat exchanger (6) passes through side
Road pipeline and co2The discharge duct of gas storage tank (9) is connected, and setting bypass valve (7) on bypass duct；In cavity
(3) top is provided with bleed air valve (2) and co2Gas exhaust valve (5).
2. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that opening in cavity (3)
Equipped with glass cover-plate (4) at mouthful.
3. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 2 it is characterised in that described glass cover-plate by
The quartz glass that light transmittance is more than 90% is made.
4. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in bleed air valve
(2) it is additionally provided with co above2Detector (1).
5. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that air supply unit, heat exchange
All pipelines that unit and cavity (3) are connected are made by the round steel pipe with heat-insulation layer.
6. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described the first valve
(10), the second valve (8), bypass valve (7), co2Gas exhaust valve (5) and bleed air valve (2) are ball valve or gate valve.
7. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described gas pump (11)
For the gas pump of at least 1.5mpa pressed gas can be provided.
8. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that suction in cavity (3)
Hot face (13) is upper to arrange vertical water pipe (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510346504.3A CN104964461B (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510346504.3A CN104964461B (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104964461A CN104964461A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
| CN104964461B true CN104964461B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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| CN106050586B (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-08-07 | 浙江大学 | The gas body heat absorption method for electric generation using solar energy and device of feature based absorption spectrum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3919998A (en) * | 1975-04-23 | 1975-11-18 | Louis W Parker | Convection-type solar heating unit |
| CN2432528Y (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2001-05-30 | 王庆 | Greenhouse effect type solar heat collector |
| CN201803483U (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-04-20 | 王勇 | Flat-plate solar collector utilizing liquid to absorb heat |
| CN102563934A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-11 | 西安交通大学 | Heat collector material for solar heat airflow power generation |
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