CN104962925B - Close interval cathodic protection potential of submarine pipeline without tail wire and measurement method of anodic output current - Google Patents
Close interval cathodic protection potential of submarine pipeline without tail wire and measurement method of anodic output current Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a close interval cathodic protection potential of a submarine pipeline without a tail wire and a measurement method of anodic output current, applied to measuring important technological parameters, such as the validity of anodic sacrifice protection and output current of an anode, matched with a submarine pipeline detection robot ROV. Equipment for measuring the cathodic protection potential of the submarine pipeline without the tail wire and the anodic output current is composed of a multifunctional probe, an underwater control system, two reference electrodes and the like, wherein the multifunctional probe comprises three measurement electrodes therein; the two reference electrodes are horizontally arranged on the ROV; due to use of an above-water computer system, the real protection potential of a submarine steel pipeline and the output current of a bracelet type sacrificial anode can be detected in a close interval manner; the validity of pipeline cathodic protection, evaluation of anode working states and prediction of anode residual lives can be realized; and in addition, due to the measurement method without the tail wire, in the event of detecting the submarine pipeline, the disadvantages, such as easy breakage of the tail wire, the limited length of the tail wire, great influence by sea conditions and influence of ship passage in a detected region, while dragging the tail wire connected with the pipeline body can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection implementation method of submerged pipeline cathode protection condition, belongs to corrosion detective, submarine pipeline inspection
The applied technical field of survey.Collection Technique of Subsea Pipeline Inspection, cathode protection technology, pipeline potential measurement method, mathematic calculation etc.
Technology is integrated.
Background technology
Ocean is the extremely strong environment of a corrosivity, and iron and steel structures easily occur corrosion failure in marine environment, sea
The corrosion of base oil gas steel pipe is more serious than land buried pipeline much.Physical factor, chemical factor in marine environment and
Biological factor can all cause the corrosion of pipeline, once and occur corrosion failure, keep in repair it is extremely difficult, caused by dielectric leakage
Harm is extremely serious.Because the corrosion of submarine pipeline is the process of a long-run development, with the prolongation of pipeline active time, pipe
The protective equipment in road also can be damaged with it is aging, the extent of corrosion of body can constantly increase, the fortune of serious harm submarine pipeline
Row safety.Therefore, the cathodic protection facility of submarine pipeline is grasped by periodic detection whether in normal working condition, is surveyed
Amount protecting current density, and then assess the residual life of sacrificial anode on the etch state of body, pipeline.These parameters are for guarantor
The safe operation of barrier submarine pipeline, prevents pipeline generation leakage accident from all having and is of great significance.
Conventional close spacing potential measurement (CIPS) method of buried pipeline cathodic protection is：With a long wire (referred to as tail
Line) it is connected with pipeline by line on certain test pile of measurement Near Pipelines, along pipeline route with little spacing on ground
Voltage of the upper measurement body to the earth, thinks that pipeline is in when the pipe to soil potential for measuring is defeated by -0.85V and completely protects shape
Under state.Because the metal tube of whole piece pipeline can regard the equipotentiality body of a current potential as, so can measure on pipeline arbitrarily
The cloudy of point protects potential value, and then obtains the distribution situation of protection potential on whole pipeline.CIPS testing equipments are to use one
Accurate milivoltmeter with data recording function replaces conventional universal meter, and a large amount of detection datas are recorded, and cooperation point
Analysis software carries out data processing and analysis.
And during submarine pipeline carries out CIPS detections, due to by factors such as marine environment, sea situation and detecting distances
Restriction, detection buttock line can only be connected in less scope (general ＜ 2km).The buttock line for connecting long range on pipeline is ten
Divide difficult and inconvenience.
Further, since extra large resistivity of water is relatively low (being 1～5 Ω ﹒ m), electrically interference is more light for stray electrical current etc. in ocean
Micro-, the seawater that pipeline can be will be far from engineering regards the equipotentiality body of a current potential as, using long-range reference electrode, coordinates in pipeline
The detection robot (ROV) that top seabed is independently advanced, can indirectly measure pipeline relative to tube circumference soil (sea
Mud, seawater) pipe-ground potential, effective evaluation goes out the validity of cathodic protection on pipeline.Cathodic protection electricity on this detection pipeline
The method of position overcomes a variety of inconvenience that traditional close spacing potential measurement process middle and long distance applies buttock line, with good practicality
Property, reliability.
In the external method to pipelines in deep sea cathodic protection detection, generally adopting has buttock line PRO/T and without buttock line
Two methods of RPO/R.It is also adopted by two kinds of hybrid measurement method Hybrid ROV.In the measurement side of PRO/R of the application without buttock line
In method, detection data is modified be technology key.
The content of the invention
The invention aims in solving the enforcement of the close spacing potential measurement CIPS methods of submarine pipeline, using over long distances
The problem of a variety of inconvenience that buttock line brings.There is provided a kind of without buttock line, by using long-range reference electrode, realizing that submarine pipeline is cloudy
Pole protection potential detection, and the method that measure error is modified.
The close spacing cathodic protection potential measuring method without buttock line submarine pipeline of the present invention is applied to, and coordinates submarine pipeline
The measurement of the important parameter such as the validity of the anode loss protection that detection robot ROV is realized and the output current of anode.
The cloudy potentiometric detection equipment of protecting in anury spool road is used to complete steel pipe of the seabed using bracelet formula anode loss protection, can be with
Arbitrarily small spacing detects the true protection potential of cathodic protection on pipeline, and the output current of each bracelet formula anode is big
It is little, realize to pipeline cathode protection validity, the evaluation of the operating mode of Anode, and the prediction of anode residual life.Additionally, logical
The positioning to the point not up to standard of cathodic protection potential on whole piece submerged pipeline is crossed, the defective bit of pipeline external protection coating is capable of detecting when
Put, and evaluation is made to the defect order of severity.Based on such measurement result, conduit running unit can be just anti-outside submarine pipeline
The arrangement and method for construction of more science is made in the maintenance of rotten layer and the improvement of cathodic protection failure.
Present invention firstly provides a kind of Multi-functional probe for being applied to potential measurement, realizes to marine pipeline protection current potential
And the measurement of vertical potential gradient；The probe includes that middle part is provided with solid-state silver/silver chloride reference electricity in probing shell, probing shell
Pole two, is arranged vertically up and down, referred to as goes up reference electrode and lower reference electrode, and two electrode tip spacing are 25 centimetres；Probe
Housing bottom is provided with the needle electrode of a stainless steel, and two reference electrodes are connected probing shell internal upper part with needle electrode
The preposition measuring circuit for arranging.
Secondly, the invention provides one kind is without the close spacing cathodic protection potential of buttock line submarine pipeline and bracelet formula sacrificial anode
The measuring method of output current, can be used to realize that the cloudy of submarine pipeline protects current potential, anode output current, and pipeline external protection coating
The detection of defect.
First, the described measuring method that current potential is protected without buttock line submarine pipeline Mi Jianjuyin, using four electrodes, connects without buttock line
Adapter body, concrete grammar includes：
The 1st, described Multi-functional probe is arranged on the front end of submarine pipeline detecting robot ROV, Multi-functional probe leads to
The underwater connector crossed thereon is connected with the main measuring circuit of the Subsea Control Systems installed on ROV；ROV by umbilical cable with
Control end computer system is connected on working mother boat, obtains the electric power of power supply waterborne.Testing staff is manipulated before ROV by handle
Afterwards navigation, steering, the actions such as sinking of floating, realize the two kinds of metering systems of automatic or manual to pipeline.It is same on working mother boat
When pull a long-range reference electrode.
2nd, the preparatory stage started in measurement, by the needle electrode and body or pipeline of Multi-functional probe inner bottom part
Bracelet formula anode contact, lower reference electricity in pipeline and Multi-functional probe is measured by the preposition measuring circuit in Multi-functional probe
Potential difference V between poleDown tube connects, and in Multi-functional probe it is upper between reference electrode and lower reference electrode in connecting pipe
Potential difference Δ VProbe connection, as the underlying parameter of follow-up detection.
3rd, in formal measurement process, the main measuring circuit input in Subsea Control Systems connects with long-range reference electrode
Connect；Δ V is measured using the lower reference electrode in Multi-functional probe and long-range reference electrodeUnder-remote, and join on Multi-functional probe
Than the potential difference Δ V between electrode and lower reference electrode in not connected pipelineProbe does not connect。
The true protection potential V of submarine pipeline is calculated using equation belowTruly,
In formula, Δ VUnder-remoteFor the potential difference that the lower reference electrode of probe is measured relative to long-range reference electrode；
ΔVProbe connection、ΔVProbe does not connectIt is respectively the upper and lower reference potential difference that is connected with body and pops one's head in when being not connected with；
VDown tube connectsPotential reference value of the reference electrode with respect to body under the probe measured when being connecting pipe；
VTrulyThe pipe to soil potential calculated value of probe lower reference electrode when being not connected pipeline.
2nd, the measuring method of the submarine pipeline bracelet formula anode output current that the present invention is provided includes：
Using two vertically arranged reference electricity in ROV upper two horizontally disposed reference electrodes and Multi-functional probe
Seawater electric resistance sensor on pole, and ROV is measured, and draws the potential difference Δ V of horizontal and verticalLevel、ΔVVerticallyAnd
Unit length maritime interior waters resistance value RSeawater, the electric current in the unit distance of any direction is：
Calculate every bracelet formula anode output current be：
IAlways=∑ Ii·Δxi (7)
In formula, IAlwaysIt is the total output current of every bracelet formula anode, unit mA, IiIt is using on i-th test point of formula (6)
The unit distance inner anode electric current for calculating, △ xiFor the distance between each current measurement point, unit：m.
When being calculated using formula (6), the scope of summation is in anode paving location both sides, horizontal electric potential gradient reversion point
Between.
Cleaning Principle of the present invention and basis：
Definition：If the spacing between the upper horizontal reference electrodes of ROV is lLevel, unit：m；
Upper spacing between reference electrode and lower reference electrode is l in Multi-functional probeVertically, unit：m.
1st, the computational methods of the true protection potential of submarine pipeline
When measuring the true protection potential of buried pipeline cathodic protection using long-range reference method, need to apply buttock line and body
Connection, the computing formula of true cathodic protection potential (eliminating IR drops) is on pipeline：
VTruly=VNearly ginseng-(VRemote ginseng-VNearly ginseng) (1)
In formula, VNearly ginsengIt is the pipe to soil potential numerical value measured using nearly reference electrode in pipeline overhead surface；VRemote ginsengIt is in distance
Pipeline ground remote enough, applies long-range reference and measures pipe-ground potential.
On submarine pipeline is measured during cathodic protection potential, can be drawn according to principle of cathodic protection, far and near reference electrode
Potential difference (VRemote ginseng-VNearly ginseng) it is exactly the interior potential difference that down reference electrode is measured to remote reference electrode of ROV probes；
So, in buttock line connection pipe body, the true protection potential of submerged pipeline is represented by：
VTruly=VDown tube-ΔVIt is lower remote (2)
In formula, VDown tubeTo connect the pipe to soil potential measured using lower reference electrode in Multi-functional probe during buttock line, VIt is lower remoteFor even
The pipe to soil potential measured using remote reference electrode when connecing buttock line.
Buttock line keeps being connected very difficult with body during long range measurements along the line due to submarine pipeline, it is impossible to direct measurement
VDown tubeAnd VIt is lower remote。
From principle of cathodic protection, the current potential near body is set to produce change in the protective current of the perimeter of body
Change, the protective current size that the difference of current potential flows to tube circumference is directly proportional.Assume in whole measuring section, extra large resistivity of water
It is a definite value, can obtains：
In formula：IConnection、IDo not connectWhen respectively by being connected with body and being not connected with, the protection electricity that Multi-functional probe is flowed about
Flow valuve；ΔVProbe connection、ΔVProbe does not connectReference electrode and lower reference are gone up when being respectively connected and be not connected with body in Multi-functional probe
Potential difference between electrode；
In formula：
VDown tube connectsIt is the pipe to soil potential a reference value of reference electrode under the Multi-functional probe measured when being connected with pipeline；
VDown tube does not connectTo be not connected with the pipe to soil potential calculated value of the lower reference electrode of probe during pipeline；
By formula (2), (4) can be obtained when measuring without buttock line：
In formula, Δ VUnder-remoteFor the potential difference that reference electrode under Multi-functional probe is measured relative to remote reference electrode.
2. on pipeline bracelet formula anode output current computational methods
Using the seawater on the upper two horizontal reference electrodes of ROV and two reference electrodes, and ROV in Multi-functional probe
Electric resistance sensor is measured.Draw the potential difference Δ V of horizontal and verticalLevel、ΔVVerticallyAnd unit length inland sea water resistance
Value RSeawater, can derive that the electric current in the unit distance of any direction is by formula (3)：
Calculate every bracelet formula anode output current be：
IAlways=∑ Ii·Δxi (7)
In formula, IAlwaysIt is the total output current of every bracelet formula anode, unit mA, IiIt is using on i-th test point of formula (6)
The unit distance inner anode electric current for calculating, △ xiFor the distance between each current measurement point, unit：m.
When being calculated using formula (6), the scope of summation is in anode paving location both sides, horizontal electric potential gradient reversion point
Between.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect：
The present invention is applied to the detection engineering of seabed steel pipe corrosion and protection.The technical parameter of measurement includes：Pipeline
Cathodic protection potential, the true protection potential of pipeline, output current of bracelet formula anode etc. on pipeline.Can be by taking using the present invention
The detection means being loaded on submarine pipeline Corrosion monitoring robot ROV, realizes the DC potential gradient of external deficiency of protection coating
The technical methods such as DCVG detections, the cloudy close spacing current potential CIPS detections for protecting effect.
The invention collection current potential measurement structure and method, signal condition method, measurement result computation model, embedded system etc.
Technology is integrated.The submarine pipeline system of technical method and composition has, and without the need for towing buttock line, accuracy of detection are detected over long distances
It is high, measurement parameter is complete, measuring method is simple, detect the advantages of coverage is long, specifically include：
1) present invention when eliminating to Technique of Subsea Pipeline Inspection, is pulled using submarine pipeline cathodic protection without buttock line measurement
The buttock line being connected with pipeline body, buttock line is easily broken, buttock line length limited, is affected greatly, to affect other ships in detection zone by sea situation
The only drawback such as current.
2) technical method of the invention, can measure bracelet formula sacrificial anode output current on submarine pipeline, for assessing
The working condition of sacrificial anode on pipeline, and then the consumption degree of anode is drawn, assess the residual life of anode.
3) present invention can be widely applied to the detection of the submarine pipeline corrosion and protection situation under various sea situations.For burying
In ooze, exposed in seabed, or even the pipeline in the seawater that suspends, all with good practicality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring probe structural representation that the present invention is adopted；
Fig. 2 is to implement the schematic diagram without the measurement of buttock line submarine pipeline cathodic protection potential.
In figure, 1 is underwater connector, and 2 is preposition measuring circuit, and 3 is upper reference electrode, and 4 is lower reference electrode, and 5 is pin
Formula electrode, 6 is control end computer system waterborne, and 7 is the data sent from navigational computer, and 8 are passed from Subsea Control Systems
The data come, 9 is working mother boat, and 10 is remote reference electrode, and 11 is umbilical cable, and 12 is Multi-functional probe, and 13 is underwater control
System, 14 is ROV, and 15 is bracelet formula sacrificial anode, and 16 is submarine pipeline, 17 two horizontally disposed reference electrodes.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：The cathodic protection potential of seabed steel pipe corrosion detecting system SEA-ROV and anode output current
Measurement
Seabed steel pipe corrosion detecting system SEA-ROV is one group of 5 reference electrode and to be mounted on ROV
The detection means of the long-range reference electrode of individual towing be core, implement submarine pipeline external anti-corrosion layer, cathodic protection validation checking,
The special equipment of the operating mode of Anode.The function of equipment is：Under the conditions of the industrial and mineral in shallow sea, realize implementing submarine pipeline outer anti-
The DCVG detections of rotten layer, output current of bracelet formula anode etc. on the CIPS and pipeline of the true protection potential of cathodic protection system
The detection method of parameter.Detection process is that SEA-ROV testing staff is manipulated the navigation in front and back of ROV by handle, turns to, floats
The actions such as sinking, the measurement to pipeline can realize that automatic or manual measures two ways.One is pulled on working mother boat far
Journey reference electrode, cable and buttock line phase same material.By working mother boat, computer system waterborne, ROV control systems, electricity are carried
Origin system, gps satellite alignment system etc.；The submarine pipeline detecting robot ROV of autonomous navigation under water is discharged, by umbilical cable
It is connected with the computer system of the power supply of system, control end waterborne.Realize the Corrosion monitoring of submarine pipeline.Specific implementation method
For：
One. the realization (unless specified or limited otherwise, all hardware is the standard component bought on market to the present invention) of hardware：
Multi-functional probe, is mounted in the front ends of ROV 14.The Multi-functional probe includes arranging 3 in probing shell, probing shell
Individual electrode：The two of middle part up/down arrangement in the stainless steel material needle electrode 5 of probing shell bottom apex, and probing shell
Individual solid-state silver/silver chloride reference electrode, referred to as goes up reference electrode 3 and lower reference electrode 4, two 25 centimetres of electrode tip distances,
Structure is shown in Fig. 1.Two solid-state silver/silver chloride reference electrodes 17 of ROV anterior-posterior horizontals arrangement, 75 centimetres of electrode tip distance.By
Long-range solid-state silver/one, the silver chloride reference electrode of working mother boat towing, apart from ROV measurement points apart from 30 meters of ＞；
Control end computer system waterborne, including main frame, display, keyboard, mouse, control handle etc., operating system is
The professional versions of Windows 7；
Subsea Control Systems, are the main measuring circuit and control subelement of microprocessor composition, are realized：Detection circuit control
The function such as calculating, data storage, network service of power management and control end computer system waterborne when system, fructufy.
The system architecture and arrangement for coordinating long-range reference electrode measurement is shown in Fig. 2.
Realize SEA-ROV design function indexs：
A, ROV dive depth capacity 50m.
4000 watts of B, power.
C, umbilical cables length 150m.
D, long-range reference electrode are away from detection ROV apart from ＞ 30m.
Two. the realization of detection method：
1st, without the measuring method of the close spacing cathodic protection potential of buttock line submarine pipeline, concrete grammar includes：
The 1st, Multi-functional probe 12 is arranged on the front end of SEA-ROV, Multi-functional probe is by underwater connector 1 thereon
It is connected with main measuring circuit in the Subsea Control Systems 13 installed on ROV；Under water ROV is by umbilical cable 11 and working mother boat 9
Upper control end computer system 6 is connected, and obtains the electric power of power supply waterborne.Testing staff by handle manipulate ROV before and after navigation,
Steering, the actions such as sinking of floating, the measurement to pipeline can realize that automatic or manual measures two ways.It is same on working mother boat
When pull a long-range reference electrode 10.
2nd, the preparatory stage started in measurement, by the needle electrode 5 in Multi-functional probe and pipeline 16 or pipeline
Bracelet formula sacrificial anode 15 contact, measured in pipeline and Multi-functional probe by the preposition measuring circuit 2 in Multi-functional probe
Potential difference V between lower reference electrodeDown tube connects, and above have tail between reference electrode and lower reference electrode in Multi-functional probe
Potential difference Δ V when line connectsProbe connection, as the underlying parameter of follow-up detection.
3rd, in formal measurement process, the measurement main circuit input in Subsea Control Systems connects with long-range reference electrode
Connect.Δ V is measured using the lower reference electrode in Multi-functional probe and long-range reference electrodeUnder-remote, and Multi-functional probe up/down
Potential difference Δ V when connecting without buttock line between reference electrodeProbe does not connect。
The true protection potential V of submarine pipeline is calculated using formula (5)Truly。
2nd, the measuring method of submarine pipeline bracelet formula anode output current, including：
Using two vertically arranged reference electricity in ROV upper two horizontally disposed reference electrodes and Multi-functional probe
Seawater electric resistance sensor on pole, and ROV is measured, and draws the potential difference Δ V of horizontal and verticalLevel、ΔVVerticallyAnd it is single
Bit length maritime interior waters resistance value RSeawater, the electric current in the unit distance of any direction is calculated by formula (6).
The output current of every bracelet formula anode is calculated using formula (7), the scope of summation is in anode paving location both sides, water
Between ordinary telegram potential gradient reversion point.
The technical specification of seabed steel pipe corrosion detecting system SEA-ROV is：
| Data storage method | Computer system SQLserver database waterborne |
| Host computer interface | LAN |
| Data channel | Totally 4 passage, 1 channel current, 3 channeling potentials, |
| Detection function | Anode output current, pipe protection current potential |
| Automatic record period | 50mS |
| The dominant record time | ＞ 24 hours |
| Registration accuracy | Anode output current 1mA, protection potential 2.0mV |
| Data display | Host computer realtime curve |
| Operating temperature | 10 DEG C～+50 DEG C |
| Software | Data analysis shows and control software ROV-Dview |
Bibliography:
1. NACE TM0497-2002Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for
Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems undergrounds or
E measurement technology related to criteria for cathodic protection on metallic conduit under water.
2. NACE SP0207-2007Performing Close-Interval Potential Surveys and DC
Surface Potential Gradient Surveys on Buried or Submerged Metallic Pipelines
Enforcement buried or that under water close spacing and direct current surface voltage gradient are measured on metallic conduit.
3. Xiao manages state affairs, submarine pipeline underwater robot detection technique《CNPC and chemical standard and quality》2014
03 phase.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measuring method of submarine pipeline bracelet formula sacrificial anode output current, the Multi-functional probe that the method is related to includes：
Middle part is provided with solid-state silver/two, silver chloride reference electrode in probing shell, probing shell, is arranged vertically up and down, referred to as goes up reference
Electrode and lower reference electrode, two electrode tip spacing are 25 centimetres；Probing shell bottom is provided with the pin of a stainless steel
Formula electrode, two reference electrodes are connected the preposition measuring circuit of probing shell internal upper part setting with needle electrode；It is characterized in that
The method includes：
Using two vertically arranged reference electricity in the upper two horizontally disposed reference electrodes of ROV and described Multi-functional probe
Seawater electric resistance sensor on pole, and ROV is measured, and draws the potential difference Δ V of horizontal and verticalLevel、ΔVVerticallyAnd
Unit length maritime interior waters resistance value RSeawater, the electric current of any direction is in unit distance：
Then the output current of every bracelet formula anode is：
IAlways=Σ Ii·Δxi (7)
In formula, IAlwaysIt is the total output current of every bracelet formula anode, unit mA, IiIt is to calculate using on i-th test point of formula (6)
The unit distance inner anode electric current for going out, △ xiFor the distance between each current measurement point, unit：m；
When being calculated using formula (6), the scope of summation in anode paving location both sides, horizontal electric potential gradient reversion point it
Between.
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| CN106370716A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥德泰科通测控技术有限公司 | Deeply-buried pipeline online long-distance detection flaw detection system |
| CN106248782B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2019-08-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of deep-sea intelligent storage alternating current field measurement system and method for determining defects |
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| CN111334804B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-02-09 | 中山大学 | Intelligent monitoring device for deep-sea oil and gas pipeline outer wall cathode protection and using method thereof |
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| CN114235056B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-08-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Remote monitoring and early warning station for bay ecological environment and working method thereof |
| KR102549003B1 (en) * | 2022-12-31 | 2023-06-28 | (주)세광 | Detecting method of subsea cable insulation degradation area |
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