A kind of clamping device of lathe
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, is related to a kind of machine tool accessory, particularly a kind of clamping device of lathe.
Background technology
All kinds of lathes are generally made up of following essential part:For installing and supporting the support of miscellaneous part or workpiece
Part, such as lathe bed and column;For the gear for the speed for changing main motion;For changing the feed mechanism of the amount of feeding;With
In installation machine tool chief axis main spindle box;Knife rest, tool magazine;Control and steerable system;Lubricating system;Cooling system;Machine tool accessory etc..
Wherein, machine tool accessory refers to all conveniently replaced elements in addition to machine tool main body, including lathe loading and unloading dress
Put, the additional device for machine tools such as manipulator, industrial robot, fixture.One is generally provided with lathe and is used for clamping workpiece
Fixture.When workpiece needs processing, it is necessary to manual operation fixture clamping, if numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine is during clamping workpiece,
Need to load onto manual in one end of workpiece, as heart carrier for bolt is first-class.
The defects of such technical scheme, is:Clamp and unclamp workpiece and be required for manually, such as stir on heart carrier
Driving lever, then carry out clamping workpiece, can just be processed.So, due to manually operated fixture and manual clamping workpiece
Considerably increase the activity duration, in addition sometimes the set-up time can exceed machining time, strong influence production efficiency,
Improve production cost.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is above mentioned problem be present for existing technology, it is proposed that a kind of clamping device of lathe, this
The technical problem that invention solves is how to realize Automatic-clamping or the release of workpiece.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal:A kind of clamping device of lathe, it is characterised in that institute
Stating clamping device includes mounting seat and rotary head frame, and the rotary head frame is axially positioned in mounting seat and can be in driving source band
Seat is mounted opposite under dynamic to circumferentially rotate, the end set of the rotary head frame has the rotating cylinder coaxial with rotary head frame, the rotating cylinder
It is axially positioned on rotary head frame and a frame can be relatively rotated and circumferentially rotate, 2 or 3 sheets is hinged with the rotating cylinder
Intermediate plate, on the barrel of the rotating cylinder circumferentially arranged with the one-to-one groove of intermediate plate, the intermediate plate is located in groove and energy
Enough to be swung in groove, the outer end that the intermediate plate stretches out rotating cylinder is provided with open slot, and fixing axle, institute are equipped with the open slot
State fixing axle to be fixed on rotary head frame, the intermediate plate, which can be relatively fixed axle and swing, makes the inner close to each other or remote of intermediate plate
From, the clamping return unit for making the inner of intermediate plate keep state close to each other is provided between the rotary head frame and rotating cylinder, it is described
The shifting part of relative rotating cylinder periphery protrusion is fixed with rotating cylinder, the shifting part can rotate under the promotion of actuator makes intermediate plate
The inner be located remotely from each other.
Prior art is different from, this clamping device is that have a kind of independent lathe auxiliary equipment, can be applied to all types of
Lathe it is enterprising exercise use.The Automatic-clamping of this clamping device and the implementation process unclamped are as follows:Dialled when control actuator promotes
When moving part rotates, rotating cylinder relatively rotates the rotation of head frame under the drive of shifting part, turns to and rotation direction phase during work pieces process
Instead, now, intermediate plate can be relatively fixed axle swing under the drive of rotating cylinder, and the inner of intermediate plate is located remotely from each other, so as to realize automatic pine
Open;When control actuator recesses shifting part, rotating cylinder relatively rotates head frame in the presence of return unit is clamped and rotated, rotation side
To identical with rotation direction during work pieces process, now, intermediate plate, which can be relatively fixed axle under the drive of rotating cylinder and swing, makes intermediate plate
It is inner close to each other, so as to realize Automatic-clamping;The whole process for clamping or unclamping all is to carry out automatically, without artificial behaviour
Make, improve production efficiency;
On the other hand, it can be used in clamping when intermediate plate uses 2 in the present apparatus and process square workpiece, when intermediate plate uses 3
It can be used in clamping processing circular workpiece when individual;Also, by setting groove on rotating cylinder, intermediate plate is located in groove, folder
Piece can either ensure that intermediate plate is not easy to hinder for some reason in clamping process or fortuitous event occurs with rotating cylinder using this setup
Depart from and damage, check whether intermediate plate is installed in place when and can is enough convenient for people to installation, it is also more square during dismounting accordingly
Just.In addition, this clamping device can by the way that mounting seat, driving source, rotary head frame, rotating cylinder, intermediate plate and actuator are integrated into
The device of complete independently automated exchanged cutter, can be with dress with being convenient for people to assembling and use on all kinds of lathes.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the inner of the intermediate plate has the clamping part of arc, and the clamping part, which is hinged on, to be turned
On cylinder and pin joint is offset relative to the center of circle of clamping part.When drum rotation, due between clamping part one end and pin joint away from
From less than the distance between the other end and pin joint, therefore, when intermediate plate is from small distance end toward when being rotated apart from end greatly, each clamping
Portion is located remotely from each other and unclamped, conversely, close to each other and clamp.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the clamping return unit is extension spring, and one end of the extension spring is fixed on
In fixing axle, the other end of the extension spring is fixed on shifting part, and the extension spring tenses the direction that shifting part rotates
It is in the same direction with rotation direction during work pieces process.The rotation direction of shifting part is the rotation direction of rotating cylinder in the present apparatus, and folder
The rotation direction of piece, when extension spring tenses shifting part, intermediate plate is in clamped condition, only can more be pressed from both sides more with the rotation of workpiece
Tightly;When needing intermediate plate to unclamp, it is necessary to which controlling actuator to promote shifting part to overcome the elastic force of extension spring to act on makes drum rotation
And unclamp intermediate plate.
Alternatively, in above-mentioned clamping device, the clamping return unit is torsion spring, and the torsion spring is set in
In fixing axle, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on rotary head frame, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on by steel wire tow line to be dialled
On moving part, the torsion spring tighten up direction and rotation direction during work pieces process is in the same direction.When torsion spring is tightened up, intermediate plate, which is in, to be clamped
State, when torsion spring is stretched out, intermediate plate is in releasing orientation.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the driving source is servomotor, and the servomotor is fixed in mounting seat, institute
State and be connected between servomotor and rotary head frame by transmission belt.Alternatively, driving source can be liquid
Pressure motor.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the upper surface of the mounting seat is provided with installing plate, is provided with the installing plate
Slide opening, bolt is equipped with the slide opening, the installing plate is bolted in mounting seat, and the servomotor is fixed on
On installing plate.When the present apparatus is installed to lathe as independent machine tool accessory, the position of servomotor can be according to installation need
It is adjusted flexibly.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the actuator is fixed in mounting seat, and the actuator is cylinder, the cylinder
Piston rod, which can be stretched out, promotes shifting part to be located remotely from each other the inner of intermediate plate.Cylinder uses SERVO CONTROL, can be with servomotor
Cooperating.
Alternatively, in above-mentioned clamping device, the actuator is clockwise and anticlockwise motor, the rotating electricity
Push rod is fixed with the motor shaft of machine, the push rod can be resisted against on shifting part and promote shifting part to make the inner of intermediate plate mutually
It is remote.Push rod realizes the rotation of shifting part under the promotion of motor shaft, so as to realize the automatic release of intermediate plate.
In above-mentioned clamping device, tailstock is provided with the lathe, the clamping device also includes being arranged on tailstock
On thimble and tailstock cylinder, the thimble is coaxial with rotary head frame and position is relative, and the thimble can be in tailstock cylinder
Driving is lower to be moved axially.Work one end extend into rotating cylinder and positioned by the thimble in rotary head frame, and the other end passes through tailstock
On thimble positioning, the thimble position on tailstock can adjust according to the length of workpiece.
In above-mentioned clamping device, support one and support two, the support one and support two are fixed with the tailstock
On the tailstock side of thimble homonymy, connecting plate is hinged with the support one, one end of the connecting plate is axially fixed
There is detection screw, the other end of the connecting plate is fixed with tune bar, is provided with back-moving spring between the connecting plate and tailstock, institute
The one end for stating back-moving spring is resisted against on the side of connecting plate, and the other end of the back-moving spring is resisted against on the side of tailstock,
Sensor is fixed with the support two, the sensor can detect the position for adjusting bar.The end of general workpiece has certain
Position hole, when workpiece positioning hole with thimble not to timing, now workpiece is relative to the skew of thimble axis direction, by that will detect screw
It is resisted against on the periphery wall of workpiece, when workpiece moves axially under thimble promotion, will moves radially detection screw,
The amount of movement of screw will be detected by adjusting bar to amplify using lever principle, then is detected offset by sensor and sent report
It is alert, so as to prevent that security incident occurs because workpiece does not clamp.
In above-mentioned clamping device, there is spacing preiection on the side of the support one, be fixed with the connecting plate
Stop screw, the stop screw can rotate and are resisted against on spacing preiection with connecting plate.Stop screw can prevent from missing
Operate and cause eccentric to damage.
In above-mentioned clamping device, the fixing axle is threadedly coupled with rotary head frame.The quantity of fixing axle and position can
It is adjusted with the quantity according to intermediate plate and position.
Compared with prior art, this clamping device has advantages below:
1st, this clamping device is by setting shifting part, clamping return unit and actuator so that the present apparatus can be realized automatically
Clamp or unclamp, reduce the labor intensity of worker, improve production efficiency;
2nd, this clamping device is located in groove by setting groove on rotating cylinder, and by intermediate plate, can either ensure intermediate plate
It is not easy to hinder for some reason in clamping process or fortuitous event occurs to depart from and damaged with rotating cylinder, and can is enough convenient for people to install
When check whether intermediate plate is installed in place, it is also more convenient during corresponding dismounting.
3rd, this clamping device by mounting seat, driving source, rotary head frame, rotating cylinder, intermediate plate and actuator by being integrated into energy
The device of enough complete independently automated exchanged cutters, can be with dress with being convenient for people to assembling and use on all kinds of lathes.
4th, also by setting detection screw on tailstock, adjusting bar and sensor on this clamping device, for automatic detection work
Whether part, which clamps, aligns, and avoids the generation of security incident.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this clamping device.
Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing at B in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the partial structural diagram of this clamping device.
In figure, 1, mounting seat;2nd, rotary head frame;3rd, rotating cylinder;4th, intermediate plate;41st, clamping part;5th, groove;6th, open slot;7th, it is solid
Dead axle;8th, shifting part;9th, extension spring;10th, servomotor;11st, installing plate;12nd, slide opening;13rd, cylinder;14th, tailstock;15th, tail
Seat cylinder;16th, support one;161st, spacing preiection;17th, support two;18th, connecting plate;19th, screw is detected;20th, bar is adjusted;21st, reset
Spring;22nd, sensor;23rd, stop screw;24th, thimble.
Embodiment
It is the specific embodiment of the present invention and with reference to accompanying drawing below, technical scheme is further described,
But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one:
This clamping device includes mounting seat 1, rotary head frame 2, rotating cylinder 3, intermediate plate 4, clamping part 41, groove 5, open slot 6, solid
Dead axle 7, shifting part 8, extension spring 9, servomotor 10, installing plate 11, slide opening 12, cylinder 13, tailstock 14, tailstock cylinder 15,
Support 1, spacing preiection 161, support 2 17, connecting plate 18, detection screw 19, adjust bar 20, back-moving spring 21, sensor 22,
Stop screw 23, thimble 24.
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, this clamping device includes mounting seat 1 and rotary head frame 2, the axially position of rotary head frame 2
In mounting seat 1 and it can be mounted opposite seat 1 under driving source drive and circumferentially rotate, driving source is servomotor 10, mounting seat 1
Upper surface be provided with installing plate 11, slide opening 12 is provided with installing plate 11, bolt is equipped with slide opening 12, installing plate 11 passes through
It is bolted in mounting seat 1, servomotor 10 is fixed on installing plate 11.Pass through between servomotor 10 and rotary head frame 2
Transmission belt is connected.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the end set of rotary head frame 2 has the rotating cylinder 3 coaxial with rotary head frame 2, and rotating cylinder 3 is axially
It is positioned on rotary head frame 2 and a frame 2 can be relatively rotated and circumferentially rotates.The intermediate plate of 2 or 3 sheets is hinged with rotating cylinder 3
4, the inner of intermediate plate 4 has the clamping part 41 of arc, and above-mentioned pin joint is located on clamping part 41 and with respect to the center of circle of clamping part 41
Skew.Circumferentially arranged with groove 5 one-to-one with intermediate plate 4 on the barrel of rotating cylinder 3, intermediate plate 4 is located in groove 5 and can be
Swung in groove 5, the outer end that intermediate plate 4 stretches out rotating cylinder 3 is provided with open slot 6, and fixing axle 7, fixing axle 7 are equipped with open slot 6
It is fixed on rotary head frame 2, intermediate plate 4, which can be relatively fixed axle 7 and swing, makes the inner close to each other or remote of intermediate plate 4.
The clamping return unit for making the inner of intermediate plate 4 keep state close to each other is provided between rotary head frame 2 and rotating cylinder 3,
Clamping return unit is extension spring 9, and one end of extension spring 9 is fixed in fixing axle 7, and the other end of extension spring 9 is fixed on
On shifting part 8, extension spring 9 tenses the direction that shifting part 8 rotates and rotation direction during work pieces process is in the same direction.
The shifting part 8 of the relative periphery of rotating cylinder 3 protrusion is fixed with rotating cylinder 3.Shifting part 8 is in flat column or round bar shape.With
It is cylinder 13 in the actuator of promotion shifting part 8, cylinder 13 is fixed in mounting seat 1 by fixed mount and under rotating cylinder 3
Side, shifting part 8 is vertical with the stretching direction of the piston rod of cylinder 13 under the control of servomotor 10, and cylinder 13 can stretch out piston
Bar promotes shifting part 8 to be located remotely from each other the inner of intermediate plate 4.
Tailstock 14 is provided with lathe, clamping device also includes the thimble 24 and tailstock cylinder 15 being arranged on tailstock 14,
Thimble 24 is coaxial with rotary head frame 2 and position is relative, and thimble 24 can move axially under the driving of tailstock cylinder 15.Tailstock gas
Cylinder 15 can use oil cylinder to substitute.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, eccentric warning device is provided with tailstock 14, eccentric warning device includes being fixed on thimble
Support 1 and support 2 17 on the side of tailstock 14 of 24 homonymies, connecting plate 18 is hinged with support 1, connecting plate 18
One end has been axially fixed detection screw 19, and the other end of connecting plate 18, which is fixed with, adjusts bar 20, between connecting plate 18 and tailstock 14
Back-moving spring 21 is provided with, one end of back-moving spring 21 is resisted against on the side of connecting plate 18, and the other end of back-moving spring 21 supports
On the side for leaning against tailstock 14, sensor 22 is fixed with support 2 17, sensor 22 can detect the position for adjusting bar 20.Support
There is spacing preiection 161 on one 16 side, be fixed with stop screw 23 on connecting plate 18, stop screw 23 can be with connection
Plate 18 is rotated and is resisted against on spacing preiection 161.
The automated exchanged cutter process of this clamping device is as follows:When intermediate plate 4 does not have clamping workpiece, now, intermediate plate 4 is in stretching bullet
Clamped condition is in the presence of spring 9;When needing clamping workpiece, by controlling cylinder 13 to promote shifting part 8 to overcome stretching bullet
The elastic force effect of spring 9 drives intermediate plate 4 to rotate, and is located remotely from each other clamping part 41, so that intermediate plate 4 unclamps;Then, by lathe
Feeding device workpiece is projected axially into rotating cylinder 3, then control cylinder 13 to reset, intermediate plate 4 acts in the elastic force of extension spring 9
Lower clamping workpiece;Finally control tailstock cylinder 15 to drive thimble 24 to withstand on the positioning round orifice of workpiece end, complete automated exchanged cutter.
If workpiece shifts, now eccentric warning device can send alarm, prevent security incident.
Embodiment two:
Technical scheme in the present embodiment and the technical scheme in embodiment one are essentially identical, and difference is, this reality
Apply in example, clamping return unit is torsion spring, and torsion spring is set in fixing axle 7, and one end of torsion spring is fixed on rotary head frame 2, torsion spring
The other end be fixed on by steel wire tow line on shifting part 8, torsion spring tighten up direction and rotation direction during work pieces process is in the same direction.
Embodiment three:
Technical scheme in the present embodiment and the technical scheme in embodiment one are essentially identical, and difference is, this reality
Apply in example, actuator is clockwise and anticlockwise motor, and push rod is fixed with the motor shaft of clockwise and anticlockwise motor, and push rod can be resisted against shifting part
On 8 and shifting part 8 is promoted to be located remotely from each other the inner of intermediate plate 4.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Although mounting seat 1, rotary head frame 2, rotating cylinder 3, intermediate plate 4, clamping part 41, groove 5, opening have more been used herein
Groove 6, fixing axle 7, shifting part 8, extension spring 9, servomotor 10, installing plate 11, slide opening 12, cylinder 13, tailstock 14, tailstock gas
Cylinder 15, support 1, spacing preiection 161, support 2 17, connecting plate 18, detection screw 19, tune bar 20, back-moving spring 21, sensing
The terms such as device 22, stop screw 23, thimble 24, but it is not precluded from the possibility using other terms.Using these terms only
It is to more easily describe and explain the essence of the present invention;Being construed as any additional limitation is all and this hair
What bright spirit was disagreed.