CN104948249B - Valve clearance governor motion - Google Patents

Valve clearance governor motion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104948249B
CN104948249B CN201510366569.4A CN201510366569A CN104948249B CN 104948249 B CN104948249 B CN 104948249B CN 201510366569 A CN201510366569 A CN 201510366569A CN 104948249 B CN104948249 B CN 104948249B
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worm
wheel shaft
shaft
worm gear
affixed
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CN104948249A (en
Inventor
解方喜
王鑫峰
洪伟
苏岩
韩林沛
张富伟
李翔宇
李宏涛
陈静
姜伟
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

Valve clearance governor motion category technical field of engines, worm screw is driven by motor in the present invention, is engaged with worm gear in the middle part of worm screw;Push rod upper end is flexibly connected with adjusting screw, and adjusting screw is threadedly coupled with rocking arm afterbody vertical hole, and push rod lower end contacts through tappet with camshaft surface;Rocker arm shaft one end and worm gear and worm-wheel shaft I are affixed; the rocker arm shaft other end and worm-wheel shaft outer rim and worm-wheel shaft II are affixed; are flexibly connected in the middle part of rocker arm shaft with cross-drilled hole in the middle part of rocking arm; the center of circle of worm gear, two worm-wheel shafts and worm-wheel shaft outer rim is on same axis; this axis is parallel with rocker arm shaft longitudinal axis, and eccentric throw is provided between two axis;Worm-wheel shaft I is flexibly connected with worm gear axle sleeve I, worm-wheel shaft II is flexibly connected with worm gear shaft sleeve II, the present invention can automatically adjust and the valve clearance of each operating mode of engine is in optimum state, it can be applied to the valve actuating mechanism being made up of camshaft, rocking arm and valve, it is small to original machine mechanism change, the economy and dynamic property of engine can be effectively improved.

Description

Valve clearance governor motion
Technical field
The invention belongs to engine valve actuating mechanism technical field, and in particular to a kind of machine for automatically adjusting inlet and exhaust valve gap Structure.
Background technology
Valve clearance is one of most important gap of engine reliable stable operation.Engine work when, valve by because The rise of temperature and expand.If in cold conditions, gapless or gap are too small between valve and its driving member, under hot, Valve and its transmission mechanism Expansion Potential must cause valve-closing not tight, cause valve blow-by, piston to hit valve etc., or even can not Start.If valve clearance is excessive, inlet and outlet door opens hysteresis, and the intake and exhaust time shortens, and the actual unlatching that can reduce valve is high Degree, changes normal port timing, will make engine because entering unsaturated vapor, the unnet and power drop of exhaust.In addition, also make to match somebody with somebody The shock increase of gas mechanism element, abrasion are accelerated, noise increase.It can be seen that distribution situation of the valve clearance to engine have it is very big Influence, while the performance of engine can be influenceed.
Although variable valve actuating mechanism can improve the distribution situation of engine well, engine is improved under different operating modes Performance, but because its structure is relative complex, cost is higher, especially on the single cylinder engine used in motorcycle, it is contemplated that cost Pressure and the income of user, make this technology effective on automobile of variable valve actuating mechanism can not be promoted on motorcycle Use.Found, the change to valve clearance, engine performance can also have been influenceed, different gaps, order is started by studying Machine is entirely different in the performance of basic, normal, high rotating speed, and valve clearance has substantially not to engine torque, power and fuel consumption Same influence.It is exactly specifically that within the engine during the slow-speed of revolution, valve clearance should be increased, make power and moment of torsion increased, During high rotating speed, valve clearance is reduced, charging efficiency is kept, moment of torsion and power is lifted.And most of engine at this stage Valve clearance all need to adjust manually, and different valve clearances is needed under working conditions of different engines and just can guarantee that hair The performance that motivation has had, therefore the mode in manual adjustment valve gap can not obviously meet to require.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind can overcome prior art problem to be present, change manual adjustment valve gap The inconvenience of mode, different operating mode timely adjustment valve clearances are directed to by electric-control system.
The present invention is in original widely used engines distribution machine for driving valve again by camshaft actuated rocking arm, rocking arm It is improved on the basis of structure.
The present invention is by rocking arm 1, bearing shell 2, rocker arm shaft 3, adjusting screw 4, locking nut 5, connecting groove 6, bearing 7, push rod 8th, tappet 9, camshaft 10, worm screw 11, worm gear 12, support base 13, shaft coupling 14, valve 15, motor 16, valve clearance 17th, cylinder cover 18, pin 19, worm-wheel shaft I 20, worm gear axle sleeve I 21, support bar I 22, support bar II 23, worm gear shaft sleeve II 24, worm gear Axle II 25, snap ring 26, key 27, worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28, oil leab II 29, oil leab I 30 form, and wherein the one end of worm screw 11 passes through The output shaft of shaft coupling 14 and motor 16 is affixed, and the other end of worm screw 11 is flexibly connected through bearing 7 with support base 13, worm screw 11 Engaged with worm gear 12 at middle part.
Motor 16 is fixed in the boss of cylinder cover 18;Support base 13 is fixed in the rocker arm shaft base in original cylinder cover On.
The upper end of push rod 8 is flexibly connected through connecting groove 6 with the lower end of adjusting screw 4, adjusting screw 4 and the afterbody of rocking arm 1 Vertical hole 31 is threadedly coupled, and locking nut 5 is equipped between the afterbody vertical hole 31 of the head of adjusting screw 4 and rocking arm 1;The lower end of push rod 8 passes through Tappet 9 contacts with the surface of camshaft 10.
The located pin 19 of worm-wheel shaft I 20 and the one end of rocker arm shaft 3 are affixed, worm-wheel shaft I 20 while, worm-wheel shaft affixed with worm gear 12 Outer rim 28 is affixed through key 27 and the other end of rocker arm shaft 3, worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 while, worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 affixed with worm-wheel shaft II 25 Outside is spacing by snap ring 26.
Rocking arm 1 is flexibly connected through bearing shell 2 with the middle part cross-drilled hole 32 of rocker arm shaft 3.
The upper end of support bar I 22 and the lower end of worm gear axle sleeve I 21 are affixed, and the lower end of support bar I 22 is affixed on one side with support base 13.
The outer ring of worm-wheel shaft I 20 is flexibly connected with the inner ring of worm gear axle sleeve I 21, and the upper end of worm gear axle sleeve I 21 is provided with oil leab I 30。
The upper end of support bar II 23 and the lower end of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24 are affixed, and the lower end of support bar II 23 is consolidated with the another side of support base 13 Connect.
The outer ring of worm-wheel shaft II 25 is flexibly connected with the inner ring of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24, and the upper end of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24 is provided with oil leab Ⅱ29。
Worm gear 12, worm-wheel shaft I 20, the center of circle of worm-wheel shaft II 25 and worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 are on same axis, this axis It is parallel with the longitudinal axis of rocker arm shaft 3, eccentric throw d is provided between two axis, its value is 2-3mm.
The described afterbody of rocking arm 1 is provided with vertical hole 31, and the middle part of rocking arm 1 is provided with cross-drilled hole 32, and the head of rocking arm 1 is provided with rocker head 33.
The size of valve clearance 17 has very big influence, and the optimal valve under different operating modes to the performance of engine Gap 17 is the method in different, traditional manual adjustment valve gaps 17, it is impossible to according to different operating mode timely adjustment valves Gap 17, carried out to solve this problem to research of the invention.
Rocker arm shaft 3 is connected by bearing shell 2 with rocking arm 1 in mechanism so that rocking arm 1 can rotate around rocker arm shaft 3;Rocking arm The one end of axle 3 is affixed by alignment pin 19 and worm-wheel shaft I 20, and worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 is affixed through key 27 and the other end of rocker arm shaft 3, worm gear The outside of axle outer rim 28 is spacing by snap ring 26, and so allowing for rocker arm shaft 3 can not be relative to the rotation of worm gear 12, also will not be relative to snail Take turns 12 or so plays.By this connected mode, the eccentric rotary of rocker arm shaft 3, rotation can be driven when worm gear 12 rotates Simultaneously valve clearance 17 is allowed for changing.At the same time worm-wheel shaft I 20, worm-wheel shaft II 25, in worm gear axle sleeve I 21, worm-wheel shaft Rotation in II 24 is covered, and has lubricating oil to be lubricated by oil leab I 30, oil leab II 29.
The rotation of motor 16 can drive worm screw 11 to rotate, and worm screw 11 engages with worm gear 12, when just making the rotation of motor 16 Worm gear 12 can be driven to rotate.
The present invention can automatically adjust valve clearance, and engine is in optimum state in the valve clearance of each operating mode, It is small to original machine mechanism change present invention can apply to the valve actuating mechanism being made up of camshaft, rocking arm and valve, hair can be effectively improved The economy and dynamic property of motivation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of valve clearance governor motion
Fig. 2 is the side view of valve clearance governor motion
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Section A-A in Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is the top view of valve clearance governor motion
Fig. 5 is rocker structure schematic diagram
Wherein:1. the bearing of 6. connecting groove of rocking arm 2. bearing shell, 3. rocker arm shaft, 4. adjusting screw, 5. locking nut 7. 8. the valve 16. of 14. shaft coupling of push rod 9. tappet, 10. camshaft, 11. worm screw, 12. worm gear, 13. support base 15. drives electricity The support bar I 23. of 17. valve clearance of machine, 18. cylinder cover, 19. alignment pin, 20. worm-wheel shaft, I 21. worm gear axle sleeve I 22. supports The oil leab II 30. of 28. worm-wheel shaft outer rim of bar II 24. worm gear shaft sleeve II, 25. worm-wheel shaft, II 26. snap ring, 27. key 29. The rocker head of I 31. vertical hole of oil leab, 32. cross-drilled hole 33.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Output shaft of the one end of worm screw 11 through shaft coupling 14 and motor 16 is affixed in the present invention, the other end warp beam of worm screw 11 Hold 7 to be flexibly connected with support base 13, the middle part of worm screw 11 is engaged with worm gear 12.
Motor 16 is fixed in the boss of cylinder cover 18;Support base 13 is fixed in the rocker arm shaft base in original cylinder cover On.
The upper end of push rod 8 is flexibly connected through connecting groove 6 with the lower end of adjusting screw 4, adjusting screw 4 and the afterbody of rocking arm 1 Vertical hole 31 is threadedly coupled, and locking nut 5 is equipped between the afterbody vertical hole 31 of the head of adjusting screw 4 and rocking arm 1;The lower end of push rod 8 passes through Tappet 9 contacts with the surface of camshaft 10.
The located pin 19 of worm-wheel shaft I 20 and the one end of rocker arm shaft 3 are affixed, and worm-wheel shaft I 20 is simultaneously affixed with worm gear 12.
Worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 is affixed through key 27 and the other end of rocker arm shaft 3, and worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 is simultaneously solid with worm-wheel shaft II 25 Connect, the outside of worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 is spacing by snap ring 26.
Rocking arm 1 is flexibly connected through bearing shell 2 with the middle part cross-drilled hole 32 of rocker arm shaft 3.
The upper end of support bar I 22 and the lower end of worm gear axle sleeve I 21 are affixed, and the lower end of support bar I 22 is affixed on one side with support base 13.
The outer ring of worm-wheel shaft I 20 is flexibly connected with the inner ring of worm gear axle sleeve I 21, and the upper end of worm gear axle sleeve I 21 is provided with oil leab I 30。
The upper end of support bar II 23 and the lower end of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24 are affixed, and the lower end of support bar II 23 is consolidated with the another side of support base 13 Connect.
The outer ring of worm-wheel shaft II 25 is flexibly connected with the inner ring of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24, and the upper end of worm gear shaft sleeve II 24 is provided with oil leab Ⅱ29。
Worm gear 12, worm-wheel shaft I 20, the center of circle of worm-wheel shaft II 25 and worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 are on same axis, this axis It is parallel with the longitudinal axis of rocker arm shaft 3, eccentric throw d is provided between two axis, its value is 2-3mm.
The described afterbody of rocking arm 1 is provided with vertical hole 31, and the middle part of rocking arm 1 is provided with cross-drilled hole 32, and the head of rocking arm 1 is provided with rocker head 33.
Rocker arm shaft 3 is connected by bearing shell 2 with rocking arm 1 in the present invention so that rocking arm 1 can rotate around rocker arm shaft 3;Rocking arm The one end of axle 3 is affixed by alignment pin 19 and worm-wheel shaft I 20, and worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 is affixed through key 27 and the other end of rocker arm shaft 3, worm gear The outside of axle outer rim 28 is spacing by snap ring 26, and so allowing for rocker arm shaft 3 can not be relative to the rotation of worm gear 12, also will not be relative to snail Take turns 12 or so plays.By this connected mode, the eccentric rotary of rocker arm shaft 3, rotation can be driven when worm gear 12 rotates Simultaneously valve clearance 17 is allowed for changing.At the same time worm-wheel shaft I 20, worm-wheel shaft II 25, in worm gear axle sleeve I 21, worm-wheel shaft Rotation in II 24 is covered, and has lubricating oil to be lubricated by oil leab I 30, oil leab II 29.
The rotation of motor 16 can drive worm screw 11 to rotate, and worm screw 11 engages with worm gear 12, when just making the rotation of motor 16 Worm gear 12 can be driven to rotate.
The overall structure of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, when the engine runs, the rotation forces push rod 8 of camshaft 10, by passing Motivation structure moves back and forth the opening and closing of control valve 15 with motion rocker arm 1.But optimal valve gap 17 is different in different operating modes , it is therefore desirable to it is adjusted in good time, specific regulative mode is as follows.
Rocker arm shaft 3 is connected through rocking arm 1 by bearing shell 2 with rocking arm 1, and rocking arm 1 can rotate around rocker arm shaft 3;Rocker arm shaft 3 one Hold located pin 19 and worm-wheel shaft I 20 affixed, and be interference fit.The other end of rocker arm shaft 3 is through snap ring 26, key 27 and worm-wheel shaft II 25 is affixed.Worm gear 12 is integral with worm-wheel shaft I 20 and is concentric, and worm-wheel shaft II 25 is one with worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 And be concentric.So allowing for rocker arm shaft 3 will not can not also alter relative to the rotation of worm gear 12 relative to worm gear 12 or so It is dynamic.Worm-wheel shaft I 20, worm-wheel shaft II 25, the longitudinal axis of worm-wheel shaft outer rim 28 are a same lines, and the rocker arm shaft 3 of worm gear 12 is indulged Axis and worm-wheel shaft I 20, worm-wheel shaft II 25, worm gear 12 longitudinal axis between be provided with eccentric throw, thus when worm gear 12 rotates The eccentric rotary of rocker arm shaft 3 can be driven, allowing for valve clearance 17 while rotation is changing.At the same time worm-wheel shaft I 20 and snail The rotation in worm gear axle sleeve I 21 and worm gear shaft sleeve II 24 respectively of wheel shaft II 25, and have lubricating oil respectively by the He of oil leab I 30 Oil leab II 29 is lubricated.Motor 16 is fixed on the boss of cylinder cover 18.The output end of motor 16 and worm screw 11 are connected by shaft coupling 14, and the rotation of motor 16 can drive worm screw 11 to rotate, and the middle part of worm screw 11 is engaged with worm gear 12, Worm gear 12 is driven to rotate when motor 16 is rotated.
In the present invention, the expansion helical angle of worm screw 11 is less than the angle of friction of worm and gear contact, and this allows for the worm gear Worm gearing has auto-lock function, i.e., can only can not drive snail when rotating by the rotation driving worm gear 12 of worm screw 11, worm gear 12 Bar 11, when motor 16 does not work, worm gear 12 would not rotate because of the interference of the external conditions such as vibrations.For The control of motor 16 is Pulse Width Control, the angle that by applying pulse motor 16 can be controlled to rotate.And at this Only have part range with teeth in invention, on worm gear 12, by structure it will be seen that the more big then gas of angle that worm gear 12 rotates The change degree in door gap 17 is big, is caused to prevent from making when motor 16 runs shakiness the anglec of rotation of worm gear 12 excessive Valve clearance 17 change it is excessive, so ensure meet 17 adjustable range of valve clearance while worm gear 12 on setting unit Tooth.When installing rocker arm shaft 3 and worm gear 12, because rocker arm shaft 3 and worm-wheel shaft II 25 are fixed by alignment pin 19, so Their relative position is determined, an anchor point is drawn on worm gear 12, also draws an anchor point on support base 13, is made during installation Two anchor point alignment, at this moment valve clearance 17 is maximum, and this is also the initial position of mechanism.Restarted in each engine When, all allow the anglec of rotation of motor 16 to return to initial position, then ECU is further according to engine operating condition parameter, control driving electricity The anglec of rotation of machine 16, implement closed-loop control, and then the purpose of valve gap adjustment 17., can band when worm gear 12 rotates Shake arm axle 3 around worm gear 12 the center of circle carry out circular motion, now, rocker arm shaft 3 with motion rocker arm 1 above-below direction move, to Rocker head 33 just increases valve clearance 17 away from valve during upper motion;Rocker head 33 is reduced by close to valve when moving downward Valve clearance 17.Rocking arm 1 also has side-to-side movement by a small margin in addition to up and down motion during 3 eccentric rotary of rocker arm shaft, by The adjusting screw 4 of the rear end vertical hole 31 of rocking arm 1 is fixed in screw thread, its lower end is spherical, the connecting groove of the embedded upper end of push rod 8 In 6, such a connected mode allows for adjusting screw 4 to be moved in small range and be unlikely to depart from push rod 8.Meanwhile rocker head 33 Also, because amplitude is smaller, after it is changed in left and right directions position, can remain to effectively drive in left and right directions experiencing small oscillating movements Take offence door.By the demarcation to valve clearance under Different Work Condition of Engine 17, the numerical value of valve clearance 17 when specifying different operating modes Size, and then know that worm gear 12 should rotate more wide-angles and just valve clearance 17 can be made to reach the numerical value, so as to know how Motor 16 is controlled, then worm screw 11, worm gear 12 are driven by motor 16, worm gear 12 turns an angle drive The circular motion of rocker arm shaft 3, and then valve clearance has been adjusted to particular value, so it is achieved that and controls valve clearance 17 in real time Purpose.Rocker arm shaft 3 is the valve clearance 17 when being in peak in Fig. 1, is the maximum of valve clearance 17;When the rotating band of worm screw 11 When dynamic worm gear 12 turns clockwise, valve clearance 17 can reduce, when the edge for reaching the tooth on worm gear 12, valve clearance 17 It is minimum.By controlling the anglec of rotation of motor 16, valve clearance 17 can be worth regulation to minimum between maximum.

Claims (2)

  1. A kind of 1. valve clearance governor motion, by rocking arm (1), bearing shell (2), rocker arm shaft (3), adjusting screw (4), locking nut (5), connecting groove (6), bearing (7), push rod (8), tappet (9), camshaft (10), worm screw (11), worm gear (12), support base (13), shaft coupling (14), valve (15), motor (16), valve clearance (17), cylinder cover (18), alignment pin (19), worm gear Axle I (20), worm gear axle sleeve I (21), support bar I (22), support bar II (23), worm gear shaft sleeve II (24), worm-wheel shaft II (25), card Ring (26), key (27), worm-wheel shaft outer rim (28), oil leab II (29), oil leab I (30) composition, it is characterised in that wherein Output shaft of worm screw (11) one end through shaft coupling (14) and motor (16) is affixed, worm screw (11) other end through bearing (7) with Support base (13) is flexibly connected, and is engaged in the middle part of worm screw (11) with worm gear (12);Motor (16) is fixed in cylinder cover (18) Boss;Push rod (8) upper end is flexibly connected through connecting groove (6) with the lower end of adjusting screw (4), adjusting screw (4) and rocking arm (1) Afterbody vertical hole (31) threaded connection, be equipped with locking nut between adjusting screw (4) head and the afterbody vertical hole (31) of rocking arm (1) (5);Push rod (8) lower end contacts through tappet (9) with camshaft (10) surface;The located pin of worm-wheel shaft I (20) (19) and rocker arm shaft (3) one end is affixed, worm-wheel shaft I (20) while affixed with worm gear (12), and worm-wheel shaft outer rim (28) is another through key (27) and rocker arm shaft (3) One end is affixed, worm-wheel shaft outer rim (28) while affixed with worm-wheel shaft II (25), is limited on the outside of worm-wheel shaft outer rim (28) by snap ring (26) Position;Rocking arm (1) is flexibly connected through bearing shell (2) with the middle part cross-drilled hole (32) of rocker arm shaft (3);Support bar I (22) upper end and worm-wheel shaft It is affixed to cover I (21) lower end, support bar I (22) lower end is affixed on one side with support base (13);Worm-wheel shaft I (20) outer ring and worm gear axle sleeve I (21) inner ring is flexibly connected, and worm gear axle sleeve I (21) upper end is provided with oil leab I (30);Support bar II (23) upper end and worm-wheel shaft II (24) lower end of set is affixed, and support bar II (23) lower end and support base (13) another side are affixed;Worm-wheel shaft II (25) outer ring and snail Axle sleeve II (24) inner ring is flexibly connected, and worm gear shaft sleeve II (24) upper end is provided with oil leab II (29);Worm gear (12), worm-wheel shaft The center of circle of I (20), worm-wheel shaft II (25) and worm-wheel shaft outer rim (28) is on same axis, this axis and rocker arm shaft (3) longitudinal axis Line is parallel, and eccentric throw d is provided between two axis, and its value is 2-3mm, and different operating mode timely adjustment valves are directed to by electric-control system Gap.
  2. 2. the valve clearance governor motion as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described rocking arm (1) afterbody is provided with vertical hole (31) cross-drilled hole (32), is provided with the middle part of rocking arm (1), rocking arm (1) head is provided with rocker head (33).
CN201510366569.4A 2015-06-27 2015-06-27 Valve clearance governor motion Active CN104948249B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105545401B (en) * 2015-12-14 2018-03-02 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of high-speed diesel engine Dual Over Head Camshaft timing adjusting device
CN109319156A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-12 西安爱生技术集团公司 A kind of Contactless controlling device of unmanned vehicle engine breather valve

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CN201507332U (en) * 2009-09-16 2010-06-16 杨奇明 Continuously variable engine valve lift regulating mechanism
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CN202483660U (en) * 2012-03-14 2012-10-10 苏州市双马机电有限公司 Valve rocker mechanism for gasoline engine
CN204357514U (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-27 宁波中和汽配有限公司 Motor car engine valve rocker
CN204783154U (en) * 2015-06-27 2015-11-18 吉林大学 Valve clearance adjustment mechanism

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