Summary of the invention
1. the problem that will solve
The problems such as the poor toughness existed for existing flat dise knife, stability is low, service life is short, the invention provides a kind of flat dise knife and manufacture method thereof.Flat dise knife structure of the present invention comprises centre bore, cutterhead, blade, edge, screwed hole and installing hole, the blade angle δ of edge is 13 ~ 18 °, adopt the alloy material of special elements composition to manufacture under the strict process conditions controlled to obtain, there is when meeting sharpness requirement very strong anti-wear performance, long service life, edge after a long time use wear extent is little, does not burst apart.
2. technical scheme
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of flat dise knife, its shape is circular blade, comprises centre bore, cutterhead and blade, described centre bore is positioned at the center of cutterhead, described blade is positioned on the outer shroud of cutterhead, and the outer shroud of described blade is provided with edge, and the blade angle δ of described edge is 13 ~ 18 °; The angle γ of described blade is 1.25 ~ 1.60 °; The depth of parallelism≤0.002 of described cutterhead.
Preferably, described cutterhead is provided with screwed hole, the first installing hole and the second installing hole, and described screwed hole has four, is 101 ~ 102mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center; First installing hole has eight, and be 53.5 ~ 54.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, the second installing hole has four, is 50.5 ~ 51.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, screwed hole, the first installing hole and be uniformly distributed on cutterhead.
Preferably, the angle α of the line at described screwed hole peace dise knife center and the line at the second installing hole peace dise knife center is 45 °; The angle β of the described line at the first installing hole peace dise knife center and the line at the second installing hole peace dise knife center is 25 °.
Preferably, surface roughness≤0.8 of described cutterhead and edge; Surface roughness≤1.6 of described blade.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned a kind of flat dise knife, the steps include:
(1) the raw-material preparation of blank:
Forging rough forging is adopted to obtain, the mass percent of this rough forging component is: C:1.05-1.40%, Mn:0.40-0.65%, Si:0.32-0.40%, Cr:11.00-12.50%, W:1.50-2.50%, V:0.15-0.30%, Mo:0.40-0.60%, Ni:0.40-0.50%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.027%, and surplus is Fe;
(2) the isothermal spheroidizing process of rough forging:
The rough forging obtained in step (1) is carried out annealing in process, and holding temperature is 860-890 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1.5-2.5h, isothermal 2.5-3.5h when cooling to 730 ~ 750 DEG C with the furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging:
Rough forging Vehicle Processing after isothermal spheroidizing process is become the primary shape of flat dise knife and smooth, retain the surplus of 1mm;
(4) heat treatment of flat dise knife:
Will through the flat dise knife of step (3) Vehicle Processing, first be heated to 610-630 DEG C of insulation 1-2h, then 800-820 DEG C of insulation 1-2h is heated to, and then be heated to 1010-1030 DEG C insulation 20-40min after quenching (mass fraction of quenching liquid constituent and each component is: waterglass 10-15 part, NaOH 1-1.5 part, urge cold multiple agent 0.5-1 part, sodium chloride 18-25 part, surplus is water, cold multiple agent is wherein urged to be polyisobutene and the EPDM mixture that forms of 2:1 in mass ratio), again through subzero treatment after cooling, the temperature of subzero treatment is-200 to-215 DEG C, keep 1-1.5h, air cooling is to normal temperature,
(5) corase grind of flat dise knife and smoothing:
Two planes of the flat dise knife of corase grind after step (4) heat treatment, then carry out smoothing and ensure that its depth of parallelism meets the demands;
(6) tempering:
Flat dise knife after smoothing in step (5) is carried out temper, and temperature is 350-400 DEG C, carries out second time tempering after air cooling to room temperature, and temperature is 240-270 DEG C, after air cooling at 170-190 DEG C ageing strengthening 8-12h;
(7) deep processing of flat dise knife:
By the flat dise knife after temper in step (6), further deep processing, the steps include:
A, look for benchmark;
B, centre bore chamfering;
C, the cutterhead plane of refining flat dise knife and edge bevel;
D, fine grinding edge;
The detection of F, flat dise knife, whether detection blade angle, the depth of parallelism, surface roughness be qualified.
Preferably, component and the mass percent thereof of the middle rough forging of described step (1) are: C:1.15%, Mn:0.65%, Si:0.36%, Cr:12.00%, W:1.70%, V:0.23%%, Mo:0.46%, Ni:0.40%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.027%, surplus is Fe.
Preferably, firing rate≤100 DEG C in described step (2)/h.
Preferably, in described step (4), the heat treatment of flat dise knife is first heated to 620 DEG C of insulation 1.5h, then 815 DEG C of insulation 1.5h are heated to, and then quench after being heated to 1020 DEG C of insulation 30min, again through subzero treatment after cooling, the temperature of subzero treatment is-210 DEG C, and keep 1.2h, air cooling is to normal temperature.
Depend on the service life of edge the service life of flat dise knife to a great extent, under normal circumstances, blade angle is less, its sharpness is higher, the burr produced when cutting material and break flour few, but simultaneously its service life is also shorter, how to balance service life of flat dise knife and blade angle is research emphasis in field always.A kind of method improving flat dise knife service life improves the making material of flat dise knife, but find that the improvement material manufacturing the employing of flat dise knife is only some existing conventional alloy materials through retrieval, not from innovating material component in fact, and existing manufacturing process existing defects, be unfavorable for the wearability and the toughness that improve flat dise knife, and existing Technology for Heating Processing is not suitable for the less flat dise knife of blade angle, easily there is hardening crack, the phenomenon such as curved of quenching, have a strong impact on service life, and in use easily security incident has occurred.Flat dise knife of the present invention adopts the alloy material manufacture of particular components to obtain, because the edge of this kind of flat dise knife is thinner, when adopting normal quenching and Technology for Heating Processing, easily burst apart in fine grinding edge process or be out of shape, product defect rate is higher, is about 8%, and adopt manufacturing process of the present invention, select quenching liquid and the Technology for Heating Processing of special composition, make defect rate be reduced to about 3%, effect highly significant.The material manufacturing flat dise knife in the present invention is through that long-term practice and experimental study obtain, it is high that the flat dise knife adopting manufacture method of the present invention to obtain has anti-wear performance, good toughness, cutting ability is excellent, the advantages such as long service life, heat treatment condition in the present invention makes the performance of alloy material reach best, after quenching, hardness is moderate, the quenching liquid used in the present invention can effectively be avoided by hardness after common rapid quenching oil hardening not enough, interior tissue morphological inhomogeneity, equivalent risk easy to crack, ensure that the hardness of the flat dise knife after quenching is strict controlled between 61-63HRC, meet cutting demand.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) flat dise knife blade angle of the present invention is 13 ~ 18 °, and sharpness is very high, can not produce burr and break flour and otch is smooth, the depth of parallelism≤0.002 of cutterhead, stability of rotation in working angles when cutting material, and security performance is high;
(2) flat dise knife of the present invention is evenly provided with screwed hole, the first installing hole and the second installing hole, and the angle α of the line at the line at screwed hole peace dise knife center and the second installing hole peace dise knife center is 45 °, the angle β of the line at the first installing hole peace dise knife center and the line at the second installing hole peace dise knife center is 25 °, under this condition, flat dise knife stability in working angles is the highest, and edge not easily bursts apart;
(3) be processed by rational composition and the Technology for Heating Processing of the flat dise knife of the present invention control, the flat dise knife wearability obtained is good, not yielding, edge is wear-resistant, not easily burst apart, and long service life, at least extends 60% than common flat dise knife service life;
(4) quenching degree of quenching liquid to flat dise knife blank of the present invention's employing is good, and cooling velocity is moderate, and the flat dise knife interior tissue form after quenching is even, and strict control quenching hardness is 61-63HRC, meets cutting demand;
(5) the edge length of the flat dise knife of the present invention is 3-4mm, and the angle γ of blade is 1.25 ~ 1.60 °, and it is minimum that the flat dise knife under this condition cuts off resistance in working angles, and mar proof is maximum.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of flat dise knife, its shape is circular blade, excircle dimension is 610mm, and comprise centre bore 1, cutterhead 2 and blade 3, centre bore 1 is positioned at the center of cutterhead 2, blade 3 is positioned on the outer shroud of cutterhead 2, the outer shroud of blade 3 is provided with edge 4, and the blade angle δ of edge 4 is 15 °, and edge length is 3mm; The angle γ of blade 3 is 1.42 °; The depth of parallelism≤0.001 of cutterhead 2.Cutterhead 2 is provided with screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and the second installing hole 7, and screwed hole 5 has four, is 101.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center; First installing hole 6 has eight, is 54mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, and the second installing hole 7 has four, is 51mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and being uniformly distributed on cutterhead 2.The angle α of the line at screwed hole 5 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 45 °; The angle β of the line at described first installing hole 6 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 25 °.The surface roughness of cutterhead 2 and edge 4 is 0.8; The surface roughness of described blade 3 is 1.6.
The method manufacturing above-mentioned flat dise knife is:
(1) the raw-material preparation of blank:
Forging rough forging is adopted to obtain, the mass percent of this rough forging component is: C:1.15%, Mn:0.65%, Si:0.36%, Cr:12.00%, W:1.70%, V:0.23%, Mo:0.46%, Ni:0.40%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.027%, and surplus is Fe;
(2) the isothermal spheroidizing process of rough forging:
The rough forging obtained in step (1) is carried out annealing in process, and firing rate is 100 DEG C/h, and holding temperature is 880 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2.0h, isothermal 3.0h when cooling to 740 DEG C with the furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging:
Rough forging Vehicle Processing after Quenching Treatment is become the primary shape of flat dise knife and smooth, retain the surplus of 1mm;
(4) heat treatment of flat dise knife:
Through the flat dise knife of step (3) Vehicle Processing, will first be heated to 620 DEG C of insulation 1.5h, then be heated to 815 DEG C of insulation 1.5h, and then quench after being heated to 1020 DEG C of insulation 30min, again through subzero treatment after cooling, the temperature of subzero treatment is-210, keep 1.2h, air cooling is to normal temperature; The mass fraction of quenching liquid constituent and each component is: waterglass 12 parts, 1.5 parts, NaOH, urge cold multiple agent 1 part, 20 parts, sodium chloride, and surplus is water, wherein urges cold multiple agent to be polyisobutene and the EPDM mixture that forms of 2:1 in mass ratio.
(5) corase grind of flat dise knife and smoothing:
Two planes of the flat dise knife of corase grind after step (4) heat treatment, then carry out smoothing and ensure that its depth of parallelism meets the demands;
(6) tempering:
Flat dise knife after smoothing in step (5) is carried out temper, and temperature is 350 DEG C, carries out second time tempering after air cooling to room temperature, and temperature is 260 DEG C, after air cooling at 180 DEG C ageing strengthening 10h;
(7) deep processing of flat dise knife:
By the flat dise knife after temper in step (6), further deep processing, the steps include:
A, look for benchmark;
B, centre bore chamfering;
C, the cutterhead plane of refining flat dise knife and edge bevel;
D, fine grinding edge;
The detection of F, flat dise knife, whether detection blade angle, the depth of parallelism, surface roughness be qualified.
The hardness of the flat dise knife manufactured in the present embodiment is 63HRC, the cutterhead surface depth of parallelism is high, stable performance in working angles, edge is sharp wear-resistant, when manufacturing flat dise knife of the present invention according to the manufacture method provided in the present embodiment, the edge rate of bursting apart is only 3%, long service life is (compared with existing flat dise knife, service life extends about 55%), the flat dise knife interior tissue form obtained is manufactured homogeneous under the strict process conditions controlled, even if also not easily ftracture by force unbalance in working angles, there is very strong toughness; Flat dise knife in use cutting resistance is little, and efficiency is high.
Embodiment 2
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of flat dise knife, its shape is circular blade, comprise centre bore 1, cutterhead 2 and blade 3, centre bore 1 is positioned at the center of cutterhead 2, and blade 3 is positioned on the outer shroud of cutterhead 2, and the outer shroud of blade 3 is provided with edge 4, the blade angle δ of edge 4 is 13 °, and edge length is 3mm; The angle γ of blade 3 is 1.25 °; The depth of parallelism≤0.001 of cutterhead 2.Cutterhead 2 is provided with screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and the second installing hole 7, and screwed hole 5 has four, is 101mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center; First installing hole 6 has eight, is 53.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, and the second installing hole 7 has four, is 50.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and being uniformly distributed on cutterhead 2.The angle α of the line at screwed hole 5 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 45 °; The angle β of the line at described first installing hole 6 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 25 °.The surface roughness of cutterhead 2 and edge 4 is 0.4; The surface roughness of described blade 3 is 0.8.
The method manufacturing above-mentioned flat dise knife is:
(1) the raw-material preparation of blank:
Forging rough forging is adopted to obtain, the mass percent of this rough forging component is: C:1.05%, Mn:0.50%, Si:0.32%, Cr:12.50%, W:1.50%, V:0.15%, Mo:0.60%, Ni:0.50%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.027%, and surplus is Fe;
(2) the isothermal spheroidizing process of rough forging:
The rough forging obtained in step (1) is carried out annealing in process, and firing rate is 90 DEG C/h, and holding temperature is 860 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2.5h, isothermal 3.5h when cooling to 730 DEG C with the furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging:
Rough forging Vehicle Processing after Quenching Treatment is become the primary shape of flat dise knife and smooth, retain the surplus of 1mm;
(4) heat treatment of flat dise knife:
Through the flat dise knife of step (3) Vehicle Processing, will first be heated to 610 DEG C of insulation 2h, then be heated to 820 DEG C of insulation 1h, and then quench after being heated to 1010 DEG C of insulation 40min, again through subzero treatment after cooling, the temperature of subzero treatment is-200 DEG C, keep 1.5h, air cooling is to normal temperature; The mass fraction of quenching liquid constituent and each component is: waterglass 10 parts, 1 part, NaOH, urge cold multiple agent 0.5 part, 18 parts, sodium chloride, and surplus is water, wherein urges cold multiple agent to be polyisobutene and the EPDM mixture that forms of 2:1 in mass ratio
(5) corase grind of flat dise knife and smoothing:
Two planes of the flat dise knife of corase grind after step (4) heat treatment, then carry out smoothing and ensure that its depth of parallelism meets the demands;
(6) tempering:
Flat dise knife after smoothing in step (5) is carried out temper, and temperature is 370 DEG C, carries out second time tempering after air cooling to room temperature, and temperature is 240 DEG C, after air cooling at 170 DEG C ageing strengthening 12h;
(7) deep processing of flat dise knife:
By the flat dise knife after temper in step (6), further deep processing, the steps include:
A, look for benchmark;
B, centre bore chamfering;
C, the cutterhead plane of refining flat dise knife and edge bevel;
D, fine grinding edge;
The detection of F, flat dise knife, whether detection blade angle, the depth of parallelism, surface roughness be qualified.
The hardness of the flat dise knife manufactured in the present embodiment is 61HRC, the cutterhead surface depth of parallelism high (depth of parallelism is 0.001), stable performance in working angles, edge is sharp wear-resistant, flat dise knife is after employing 3 days, edge wear extent is only 10%, when manufacturing flat dise knife of the present invention according to the manufacture method provided in the present embodiment, the edge rate of bursting apart is only 2.6%, long service life is (compared with existing flat dise knife, service life extends about 60%), the flat dise knife interior tissue form obtained is manufactured homogeneous under the strict process conditions controlled, even if also not easily ftracture by force unbalance in working angles, there is very strong toughness, flat dise knife in use cutting resistance is little, and efficiency is high.
Embodiment 3
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of flat dise knife, its shape is circular blade, comprise centre bore 1, cutterhead 2 and blade 3, centre bore 1 is positioned at the center of cutterhead 2, and blade 3 is positioned on the outer shroud of cutterhead 2, the outer shroud of blade 3 is provided with edge 4, and the blade angle δ of edge 4 is 18 °; The angle γ of blade 3 is 1.60 °; The depth of parallelism≤0.002 of cutterhead 2.Cutterhead 2 is provided with screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and the second installing hole 7, and screwed hole 5 has four, is 102mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center; First installing hole 6 has eight, is 54.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, and the second installing hole 7 has four, is 51.5mm apart from the length at flat dise knife center, screwed hole 5, first installing hole 6 and being uniformly distributed on cutterhead 2.The angle α of the line at screwed hole 5 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 45 °; The angle β of the line at described first installing hole 6 peaceful dise knife center and the line at the peaceful dise knife center of the second installing hole 7 is 25 °.The surface roughness of cutterhead 2 and edge 4 is 0.4; The surface roughness of described blade 3 is 0.4.
The method manufacturing above-mentioned flat dise knife is:
(1) the raw-material preparation of blank:
Forging rough forging is adopted to obtain, the mass percent of this rough forging component is: C:1.40%, Mn:0.40%, Si:0.40%, Cr:11.00%, W:2.50%, V:0.30%, Mo:0.40%, Ni:0.47%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.027%, and surplus is Fe;
(2) the isothermal spheroidizing process of rough forging:
The rough forging obtained in step (1) is carried out annealing in process, and firing rate is 70 DEG C/h, and holding temperature is 890 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1.5h, isothermal 2.5h when cooling to 750 DEG C with the furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging:
Rough forging Vehicle Processing after Quenching Treatment is become the primary shape of flat dise knife and smooth, retain the surplus of 1mm;
(4) heat treatment of flat dise knife:
Through the flat dise knife of step (3) Vehicle Processing, will first be heated to 630 DEG C of insulation 1h, then be heated to 800 DEG C of insulation 1h, and then quench after being heated to 1030 DEG C of insulation 20min, again through subzero treatment after cooling, the temperature of subzero treatment is-215 DEG C, keep 1h, air cooling is to normal temperature; The mass fraction of quenching liquid constituent and each component is: waterglass 15 parts, 1.5 parts, NaOH, urge cold multiple agent 0.9 part, 25 parts, sodium chloride, and surplus is water, wherein urges cold multiple agent to be polyisobutene and the EPDM mixture that forms of 2:1 in mass ratio
(5) corase grind of flat dise knife and smoothing:
Two planes of the flat dise knife of corase grind after step (4) heat treatment, then carry out smoothing and ensure that its depth of parallelism meets the demands;
(6) tempering:
Flat dise knife after smoothing in step (5) is carried out temper, and temperature is 400 DEG C, carries out second time tempering after air cooling to room temperature, and temperature is 270 DEG C, after air cooling at 190 DEG C ageing strengthening 8h;
(7) deep processing of flat dise knife:
By the flat dise knife after temper in step (6), further deep processing, the steps include:
A, look for benchmark;
B, centre bore chamfering;
C, the cutterhead plane of refining flat dise knife and edge bevel;
D, fine grinding edge;
The detection of F, flat dise knife, whether detection blade angle, the depth of parallelism, surface roughness be qualified.
The hardness of the flat dise knife manufactured in the present embodiment is 62HRC, the cutterhead surface depth of parallelism high (depth of parallelism is 0.002), stable performance in working angles, edge is sharp wear-resistant, flat dise knife is after employing 4 days, edge wear extent is only 15%, when manufacturing flat dise knife of the present invention according to the manufacture method provided in the present embodiment, the edge rate of bursting apart is only 3.3%, long service life is (compared with existing flat dise knife, service life extends about 57%), the flat dise knife interior tissue form obtained is manufactured homogeneous under the strict process conditions controlled, even if also not easily ftracture by force unbalance in working angles, there is very strong toughness, flat dise knife in use cutting resistance is little, and efficiency is high.