CN104942555A - Cutting tool prepared from cubic crystalline boron nitride ultrahigh pressure sintering material - Google Patents
Cutting tool prepared from cubic crystalline boron nitride ultrahigh pressure sintering material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104942555A CN104942555A CN201510128970.4A CN201510128970A CN104942555A CN 104942555 A CN104942555 A CN 104942555A CN 201510128970 A CN201510128970 A CN 201510128970A CN 104942555 A CN104942555 A CN 104942555A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/583—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride
- C04B35/5831—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride based on cubic boron nitrides or Wurtzitic boron nitrides, including crystal structure transformation of powder
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Abstract
The invention provides a cutting tool prepared from a cubic crystalline boron nitride ultrahigh pressure sintering material, and the cutting tool exhibits excellent defect resistance in steel and cast-iron cutting. The cutting tool prepared from the cubic crystalline boron nitride ultrahigh pressure sintering material comprises, by volume, 50-85%, preferably 70-85%, of cubic crystalline boron nitride particles, with the balance mainly being aluminum oxide. When the detection is carried out on the cross section of the cubic crystalline boron nitride ultrahigh pressure sintering material, the total area of cubic crystalline boron nitride particles swarms accounts for higher than 10% and lower than 35% of the total area of the cubic crystalline boron nitride particles, the area of the cubic crystalline boron nitride particles swarms is larger more than 2.5 times of the average area of the cubic crystalline boron nitride particles, and the average area can be obtained through the calculation on the average particle size of the cubic crystalline boron nitride particles, so that the defect resistance is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cubic boron nitride (representing with cBN below) base ultra-high pressure sintered material cutting tool (hereinafter referred to as cBN instrument) of fracture resistance excellence.
Background technology
In the past, there will be a known following cBN instrument, that is, in the machining of the iron such as steel, cast iron system workpiece, use cBN base ultra-high pressure sintered material (following, to be according to circumstances sometimes also called " cBN sintered body ") as the tool materials lower with the compatibility of workpiece.
Such as, as Patent Document 1, there will be a known following cBN instrument, that is, as cBN agglomerated material in conjunction with phase, with Al
2o
3or Al
2o
3comprise carbide, nitride for main body, and cBN content is set to the scope of 20 ~ 80vol%, improve thermal shock characteristic thus.
Further, as shown in patent document 2, there will be a known following cBN instrument, that is, the combination of cBN sintered body comprises Al mutually
2o
3with the carbonitride of Ti, and cBN content is the scope of 30 ~ 70vol%, utilizes for the material coating cBN particle in conjunction with phase, and sinters with pressure 0.5GPa ~ 2GPa, be set to fine and close tissue thus, and improve toughness and intensity.
In addition, as shown in patent document 3, there will be a known following cBN instrument, namely, the combination of cBN sintered body is continuous print when two dimension is observed, and combination is the nitride of Ti mutually, carbide, carbonitride, boride, the nitride of Al, boride, oxide, Fe, Co, the nitride of Ni, carbide, carbonitride, boride, by cBN content being located at the scope of 45 ~ 70vol%, the average grain diameter of cBN particle is set to 2 ~ 6 μm, mean value in conjunction with phase thickness is set to less than 1.5 μm, standard deviation is set to less than 0.9 to reduce the deviation of the average thickness in conjunction with phase, thus, reduce the part becoming defect, improve fracture resistance.
Patent document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication 55-130859 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 7-172923 publication
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2000-44350 publication
As shown in patent document 1 ~ 3, although propose the various scheme of the characteristic for improving cBN instrument, high load capacity act on use under the condition of point of a knife time, life tools are shorter.
Such as, in patent document 1, can cBN content be established to 80vol%, if but cBN content increases, the ratio that then cBN particle contacts with each other increases, cBN particle contact site each other due to do not have the effect that keeps cBN particle in conjunction with phase, therefore point of a knife intensity declines, when using under the machining condition that load is higher, there is the problem that defect easily occurs point of a knife, life tools shorten.
And, the cBN instrument recorded in patent document 2, if cBN content is more than 70vol%, then form being obstructed in conjunction with the densified of phase of contiguous network, cannot densification be obtained and the sintered body of high rigidity, and, if sintering pressure is more than 2.0GPa, then the toughness of sintered body and intensity demonstrate downward trend, therefore when being used as cBN instrument, there is the problem of the lost of life.
In addition, in patent document 3, in conjunction with being continuous print when two dimension is observed, if but cBN content increases, then the ratio of cBN particle contact increases, in cBN particle contact site each other, the intensity of point of a knife declines, and there is the problem same with the cBN instrument recorded in citing document 1 that defect easily occurs point of a knife.
Summary of the invention
The present inventor etc. are in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and the cBN agglomerated material constituent and the cBN particle that are conceived to cBN instrument conduct in-depth research, and result obtains following opinion.
When the cBN instrument in the past of making, by cBN sintered body constituent and cBN powder and binding agent (in conjunction with phase) forming component and TiN powder, TiAl
3powder, Al
2o
3powder etc. mix, and it are sintered under high pressure high temperature condition, make cBN agglomerated material thus, and its soldered joint is formed point of a knife in carbide alloy mother metal.Especially in order to improve the resistance to crescent hollow abrasion of instrument, Al is formed by evaporations such as chemical vapor depositions
2o
3during hard films, produce point of a knife owing to being exposed to high temperature during evaporation and come off.
Therefore, when the present inventor etc. make cBN sintered body, on the constituent of cBN sintered body and the surface of cBN particle, such as by ALD (ald (Atomic Layer Deposition), on base material in vacuum chamber, the molecule of starting compound is successively reacted, and the purging repeating Ar and nitrogen is to carry out the method for film forming, the one of CVD) method etc., be pre-formed the Al of small thickness
2o
3film, by this in advance by Al
2o
3the cBN particle of film coating and Al
2o
3powder is used as material powder and makes cBN sintered body, found that as follows: because the surface of cBN particle is in advance by Al
2o
3film is coated with, even if therefore improve the cBN of this cBN sintered body containing proportional, the frequency that cBN particle contacts with each other also can reduce, and cBN particle keeps mutually securely by combining, even if therefore use under the machining condition having high load capacity effect, point of a knife generation defect also can be suppressed.
In addition, the present inventor etc. find as follows: use surface by Al
2o
3the described cBN particle that film is coated with is as the material powder of cBN sintered body, and, determine the particle diameter of this cBN particle in sintered body in the mode becoming regulation domain size distribution, cBN particle is further by reliably and keep securely in combination mutually thus, and therefore fracture resistance is further enhanced.
That is, discovery is as follows: when using the Al being coated with small thickness in advance
2o
3the cBN particle of film is as the constituent of cBN sintered body and cBN particle and when being defined as the domain size distribution of regulation by its domain size distribution, cBN particle in combination mutually by firmly and reliably keep, even if therefore for when having a machining of high load capacity effect, also can fracture resistance be improved.
The present invention completes in view of above-mentioned opinion, and its feature is as follows:
(1) a kind of cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material cutting tool, wherein, in the constituent of cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material, cubic boron nitride is 50 ~ 85vol%, surplus is based on aluminium oxide, and, when measuring the cross section of described cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material, cubic boron nitride population relative to cubic boron nitride particle the gross area shared by total area ratio be greater than 0.10 and less than 0.35, described cubic boron nitride population has the area of 2.5 times of the average area being greater than cubic boron nitride particle, the average area of described cubic boron nitride particle can be calculated by the average grain diameter of cubic boron nitride particle.
(2) the crystalline boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material cutting tool recorded in described (1), wherein, the cubic boron nitride particle in cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material containing proportional be 70 ~ 85 volume %.
Below, the present invention will be described.
In cBN instrument of the present invention, form tool base by cBN agglomerated material, use the Al being coated with small thickness in advance
2o
3the cBN particle of film is as the cBN material powder of this cBN agglomerated material.
CBN particle surface is coated with to the Al of small thickness
2o
3film, such as, can be undertaken by ALD method.
In ALD method, in fluid bed furnace, load cBN particle, and be warming up to about 350 DEG C, by Al (CH
3)
3gas flows into operation, operation, H are swept in Ar air-blowing
2o gas flows into operation, Ar air-blowing sweeps operation as 1 circulation, this is cycled to repeat and carries out until become target film thickness (such as, to carry out the Al of 10nm through 1 hour
2o
3the film forming of film), can form at cBN particle surface the Al that average coated thickness is less than 1/2 of the average grain diameter of cBN particle thus
2o
3film.
At this, if Al
2o
3the average coated thickness of film more than cBN particle average grain diameter 1/2, then Al point of a knife edge existed
2o
3first be worn away than cBN particle, therefore coming off of cBN particle becomes remarkable, cannot maintain the sharpness of point of a knife, and fracture resistance also declines, therefore Al
2o
3the average coated thickness of film is preferably set to less than 1/2 of the average grain diameter of cBN particle.
For the Al of cBN particle surface
2o
3the coated uniformity of film, can confirm by carrying out SEM (scanning electron microscope) or TEM (transmission electron microscope) observation.
In cBN instrument of the present invention, cBN particle is by Al
2o
3film is coated with, therefore the directly contact each other of cBN particle reduces, can by reliably in cBN agglomerated material, keep securely, but when carrying out graphical analysis based on the SEM image obtained to be observed the cross section of cBN sintered body by scanning electron microscope (Scanning Electron Microscopy:SEM), cBN particle contacts with each other, in graphical analysis, using the aggregation of cBN particle that processes as 1 cBN particle as cBN population, in this cBN population, the cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) relative to cBN particle the gross area shared by total area ratio be necessary to be greater than 0.10 and below 0.35.
CBN particle as raw material is not the aggregate of single particle, but there is a certain size distribution, when therefore graphical analysis being carried out based on SEM image in the cross section of cBN raw meal, the cBN particle with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) is involved in advance, and comprise at most 0.10 of the cBN particle gross area, therefore by under be defined as 0.10.
The cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) relative to cBN particle the gross area shared by total area ratio be greater than 0.35 time, the ratio that cBN particle is in direct contact with one another increases, can not increase by the combined cBN particle fully kept mutually, therefore in high load capacity machining, easy generation defect, its result, life tools also shorten, therefore not preferred.
At this, the average grain diameter of cBN particle can be obtained as follows.
For the section structure of cBN sintered body, by SEM, cBN tissue of sintered body is observed, obtain secondary electron image.Selected the cBN particle fraction in obtained image by image procossing, and obtain the maximum length of each particle obtained by graphical analysis, it can be used as the diameter of each particle to calculate the volume of each particle.Volume calculates by being assumed to be desirable spheroid.
At this, when being selected the cBN particle fraction in image by image procossing, in order to clearly judge cBN particle and in conjunction with phase, image utilizes 0 represents black, represent that the artwork master of 256 grades of white gray scales represents with 255, use the pixel value of cBN particle fraction to become the image of the pixel value of more than 2 with the ratio of the pixel value combining part mutually, the mode becoming black with cBN particle carries out binary conversion treatment.
As the region of the pixel value for obtaining cBN particle fraction and combination phase part, preferably be set to the region of 0.5 μm × about 0.5 μm, obtained by the mean value in this region, and the average value at least obtained from different 3 positions in same image is set to respective pixel value.
In addition, after binary conversion treatment, can not utilize as the watershed (watershed) of one of process, such as image processing operations that the part that cBN particle contacts with each other is separated will be thought, will think that the cBN particle of contact is separated each other.
Particle analysis is carried out to the part (black part) being equivalent to cBN particle in the image obtained after binary conversion treatment, using the maximum length of calculated maximum length as each particle, this diameter as each particle is calculated the volume of each particle.Volume calculates by being assumed to be desirable spheroid.When carrying out particle analysis, using in advance by the scale value that SEM learns, setting the length (μm) of every 1 pixel.Further, remove noise when carrying out particle analysis, the region that therefore diameter is less than 0.02 μm does not calculate as particle.
The median particle diameter in the accumulative % of volume and the distribution curve of diameter is obtained, using at least by the average grain diameter (μm) of the mean value obtained in 3 images as cBN particle by 1 image.As the viewing area for image procossing, when the average grain diameter of cBN particle is 3 μm, the field of view of preferably 15 μm × about 15 μm.
Further, the area of cBN particle and the total area of cBN population relative to cBN particle the gross area shared by ratio can obtain as follows.
For the section structure of cBN sintered body, by SEM, cBN tissue of sintered body is observed, obtain secondary electron image.At this, in order to clearly judge cBN particle and in conjunction with phase, image utilizes 0 represents black, represent that the artwork master of 256 grades of white gray scales represents with 255, use the pixel value of cBN particle fraction to become the image of the pixel value of more than 2 with the ratio of the pixel value combining part mutually, the mode becoming black with cBN particle carries out binary conversion treatment.
As the region of the pixel value for obtaining cBN particle fraction and combination phase part, preferably be set to the region of 0.5 μm × about 0.5 μm, obtained by the mean value in this region, and the average value at least obtained from different 3 positions in same image is set to respective pixel value.
The area of the cBN particle fraction (black part) in obtained image is calculated, as the gross area of cBN particle by image procossing.Now, use in advance by the scale value that SEM learns, set the length (μm) of every 1 pixel.Then, graphical analysis is utilized to obtain the area of each cBN particle in image.
Particle analysis is carried out to the part (black part) being equivalent to cBN particle in the image obtained after binary conversion treatment, and calculates each region area being identified as particle.In addition, after binary conversion treatment, can not utilize as the watershed (watershed) of one of process, such as image processing operations that the part that cBN particle contacts with each other is separated will be thought, will think that the cBN particle of contact is separated each other.Further, remove noise when carrying out particle analysis, the region that therefore diameter can not be less than 0.02 μm calculates as particle.
By the area of calculated each cBN particle, the value that the total area with the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) obtains divided by the gross area of cBN particle, for there is the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) cBN population shared by total area ratio.
At this, the average area of cBN particle refers to the area obtained based on cBN average grain diameter, and area calculates by being assumed to be desirable circle.
By 1 image, the value that the total area obtaining the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times that are greater than cBN particle average area obtains divided by the gross area of cBN particle, using the mean value at least obtained by 3 images as the total area ratio shared by the cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size).As the viewing area for image procossing, when the average grain diameter of cBN particle is 3 μm, the field of view of preferably 15 μm × about 15 μm.
In the present invention, by will by Al
2o
3cBN particle, the Al on the surface of the coated cBN particle of film
2o
3and Al is as primary raw material, and under common high pressure high temperature condition, carry out sintering to make cBN agglomerated material, and by its soldered joint in the mother metal be made up of carbide alloy, produce cBN instrument of the present invention thus.For the surface of the cBN particle of the cBN sintered body of cBN instrument of the present invention by Al
2o
3coated, and, the total area ratio of cBN population is set to and is greater than 0.1 and less than 0.35, thus, even if improve the cBN particle in cBN sintered body containing proportional, when the instrument of being used as, there is not the anxiety of defect yet.When cBN particle in cBN sintered body shared containing proportional be less than 50 volume % time, in sintered body, hardness of matter is less, and when the instrument of being used as, fracture resistance declines.On the other hand, if more than 85 volume %, although cBN particle is by Al
2o
3the contact each other of the coated and cBN particle of film reduces, but can generate in sintered body by adjacent coated after Al
2o
3film each other cannot the space becoming crackle starting point of landfill, and fracture resistance declines.In the present invention, 50 ~ 85 volume % can be set to shared in cBN sintered body for cBN particle containing proportional, be preferably 70 ~ 85 volume %.
Shared containing proportional in cBN sintered body about cBN particle, by SEM, the section structure of cBN sintered body is observed, the cBN particle fraction in obtained secondary electron image is selected by image procossing, and go out the area shared by cBN particle by image analysis calculation, obtain the ratio shared by cBN particle in 1 image, the mean value of the value obtained by process at least 3 images is proportional as containing of cBN particle.As the viewing area for image procossing, when the average grain diameter of cBN particle is 3 μm, the field of view of preferably 15 μm × about 15 μm.
Further, in the cutting of general cast iron materials, the main cutting hard tool materials using the identification sign K of JIS.B.0170 classification, but from the viewpoint of the processing of more speed, use with Al
2o
3for the chemical tool of principal component.Therefore, as the cBN sintered body of the cBN instrument of the cutting for cast iron materials, the composition beyond cBN is preferably with Al
2o
3for main body.
In addition, said in the present invention " with aluminium oxide (Al
2o
3) be main body " refer to except Al
2o
3in addition, allow also containing using amount to the maximum 5vol% of volume ratio, as Al
2o
3sintering aid known Ti, Y, Ni, Cr, Zr oxide etc. in more than a kind.
As above-mentioned, the surface of the cBN particle of cBN instrument of the present invention is by Al
2o
3film is coated, and, there is the total area ratio of the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) less for being greater than 0.1 and less than 0.35, even if therefore act in the machining of the point of a knife of steel and cast iron at high load capacity, also can play excellent fracture resistance, thus extend life tools.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, based on embodiment, cBN instrument of the present invention is described.
[embodiment 1]
By the Al of small thickness
2o
3the making of the cBN particle powder of film coating:
Using the cBN particle of median particle diameter (D50) that has shown in table 1 as base material, by ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method to the Al of the average film thickness shown in the coated table 1 of cBN particle
2o
3film.More specifically, in stove, load the cBN particle with the median particle diameter (D50) shown in table 1, and 350 DEG C will be warming up in stove, use presoma and the Al (CH of Al
3)
3gas is as film forming gas and H
2this, as reacting gas, using following (1) ~ (4) as 1 circulation, is cycled to repeat and carries out until become target film thickness by O gas, thus forms the Al of regulation thickness at cBN particle surface
2o
3film.
(1) Ar+Al (CH
3)
3gas flows into operation
(2) operation is swept in Ar air-blowing
(3) Ar+H
2o gas flows into operation
(4) operation is swept in Ar air-blowing
In addition, for by the Al by small thickness obtained above
2o
3the cBN particle powder of film coating, use SEM (scanning electron microscope) to observe, results verification is coated with the Al of the average film thickness shown in table 1 to cBN particle surface
2o
3film.
Prepare by above-mentioned making by the Al of small thickness
2o
3what film was coated with has the cBN particle powder of regulation median particle diameter and has the Al of the average grain diameter within the scope of 0.3 ~ 0.9 μm
2o
3powder, Al powder, these material powders are fitted in the composition shown in table 2, carry out wet mixed and after drying, by hydraulic punch with the briquetting pressure punch forming of 1MPa for diameter: the size of 50mm × thickness: 1.5mm, then, by this formed body at pressure: in the vacuum atmosphere of 1Pa, keep heat-treating for 30 ~ 60 minutes with the set point of temperature within the scope of 1000 ~ 1300 DEG C, remove volatile ingredient and be adsorbed in powder surface composition and as cutting blade presintering body, by this presintering body with prepare in addition there is Co:8 quality %, WC: the composition of surplus, and diameter: the state of the WC base cemented carbide supporting slice coincidence of the size of 50mm × thickness: 2mm, load in common ultra-high pressure sintering device, with usual conditions and pressure: 5GPa, temperature: 1500 DEG C, retention time: the condition of 30 minutes carries out high pressure high temperature sintering, thus obtain cBN agglomerated material.The nitride of cBN, Al in cBN agglomerated material, boride and oxide is confirmed by XRD.Utilize electric spark sutting machining device that cBN agglomerated material plectane is cut into given size, use and have in mass % by Cu:26%, Ti:5%, Ag: the solder of the Ag alloy of the composition that surplus is formed, be brazed in and there is Co:5 quality %, TaC:5 quality %, WC: the composition of surplus, and the brazed portion (bight) of the WC base cemented carbide vane body of the blade shapes of iso standard CNGA120408, and implement upper and lower surface and periphery grinding, cutting edge reconditioning process, produce the cBN instrument 1 ~ 13 of the present invention of the composition shown in table 2 of the blade shapes with iso standard CNGA120408 thus.
[table 1]
[table 2]
In order to compare, as material powder, prepare the Al of uncoated small thickness
2o
3film there is the cBN particle powder of the domain size distribution shown in table 3, the Al by small thickness
2o
3what film was coated with has the cBN particle powder of the domain size distribution shown in table 3 and has the Al of the average grain diameter within the scope of 0.3 ~ 0.9 μm
2o
3these material powders are fitted in the composition shown in table 4 by powder, Al powder, by the method identical with the invention described above cBN instrument 1 ~ 13, produce the comparative example cBN instrument 1 ~ 13 shown in table 4 of the blade shapes with iso standard CNGA120408.
[table 3]
[table 4]
For by the cBN instrument 1 ~ 13 of the present invention of above-mentioned making and comparative example cBN instrument 1 ~ 13, measure the average grain diameter of cBN particle, the average area of cBN particle and the gross area, there is the total area of the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than the cBN particle average area that can be calculated by cBN average particle size, and calculated the value of (the total area with the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than the cBN particle average area that can be calculated by cBN average particle size)/(gross area of cBN particle) by these values.
That is, about the average grain diameter of cBN particle, observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) section structure to cBN sintered body, obtain secondary electron image.Selected the cBN particle fraction in obtained image by image procossing, obtain the maximum length of each particle obtained by graphical analysis, and it can be used as the diameter of each particle to calculate the volume of each particle.In addition, volume calculates by being assumed to be desirable spheroid.
The median particle diameter in the accumulative % of volume and the distribution curve of diameter is obtained, using the mean value at least obtained by 3 images average grain diameter (μm) as cBN particle by 1 image.In addition, the viewing area for image procossing is 15 μm × 15 μm.
Further, the ratio that the average area obtaining cBN particle as follows and the total area shared by cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) are shared in the gross area of cBN particle.
About the section structure of cBN sintered body, by SEM, cBN tissue of sintered body is observed, obtain secondary electron image.At this, in order to clearly judge cBN particle and in conjunction with phase, image utilizes with 0 representing black, representing that the artwork master of 256 grades of white gray scales represents with 255, use the pixel value of cBN particle fraction to become the image of the pixel value of more than 2 with the ratio of the pixel value combining part mutually, the mode becoming black with cBN particle carries out binary conversion treatment.
As the region of the pixel value for obtaining cBN particle fraction and combination phase part, the region of 0.5 μm × 0.5 μm is preferably set in each portion, obtained by the mean value in this region, and the average value at least obtained from different 3 positions in same image is set to respective pixel value.
The area of the cBN particle fraction (black part) in obtained image is calculated, as the gross area of cBN particle by image procossing.Now, use in advance by the scale value that SEM learns, set the length (μm) of every 1 pixel.Then, graphical analysis is utilized to obtain the area of each cBN particle in image.Particle analysis is carried out to the part (black part) being equivalent to cBN particle in the image obtained after binary conversion treatment, calculates each region area being identified as particle.In addition, after binary conversion treatment, can not utilize as the watershed (watershed) of one of process, such as image processing operations that the part that cBN particle contacts with each other is separated will be thought, will think that the cBN particle of contact is separated each other.Further, remove noise when carrying out particle analysis, the region that therefore diameter is less than 0.02 μm does not calculate as particle.
By the area of calculated each cBN particle, the value that the total area with the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by the average grain diameter of cBN particle) obtains divided by the gross area of cBN particle, for there is the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by the average grain diameter of cBN particle) cBN population shared by total area ratio.
At this, the average area of cBN particle refers to the area obtained based on cBN average grain diameter, and area calculates by being assumed to be desirable circle.
By 1 image, obtain the cBN particle of the area of 2.5 times being greater than average cBN particle area (namely, there is the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size)) the value that obtains divided by the gross area of cBN particle of total area, using the mean value at least obtained by 3 images as the total area ratio shared by the cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size).Viewing area for image procossing is 15 μm × 15 μm.
These values are shown in table 2, table 4.
For above-mentioned cBN instrument 1 ~ 13 of the present invention and comparative example cBN instrument 1 ~ 13, under following machining condition A, implement machining test, measure through the cutting time: the crater depth after 10 minutes, and observation there is N/D.Pass through
" machining condition A "
Workpiece: FC25 axially have 2 grooves φ 200mm pole,
Cutting speed: 150m/min,
Feed speed: 0.6mm/rev,
Cutting depth: 2.0mm
Condition under, the dry type interrupted cut processing experiment of periphery processing, after confirming interrupted number of times 2500 times, point of a knife has N/D.
In addition, by light microscope, point of a knife is confirmed.
The measurement result that machining is tested is shown in table 5.
[table 5]
Especially, be clearly known as below by the result described in table 2,4,5: cBN instrument 1 ~ 13 of the present invention passes through by Al
2o
3the surface of film coating cBN particle prevents cBN particle from contacting with each other, thus the total area ratio with the cBN population of the area of 2.5 times being greater than the cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) obtained from the graphical analysis of tissue of sintered body is less, for being greater than 0.1 and less than 0.35, therefore act in the machining of cutting edge at high load capacity, cBN particle keeps mutually securely by combining, and therefore plays excellent fracture resistance.
In contrast, comparative example cBN instrument 1 ~ 13, at the uncoated Al of cBN particle surface
2o
3film, or the total area ratio of the cBN population with the area of 2.5 times being greater than cBN particle average area (can be calculated by cBN average particle size) is greater than 0.35, and therefore fracture resistance is poor.
Utilizability in industry
As mentioned above, the resistance to deficient damage of cBN instrument of the present invention is excellent, can tackle the high performance of cutting apparatus and the saving labourization of machining and energy-saving, even cost degradation very satisfactorily.
Claims (2)
1. a cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material cutting tool, is characterized in that,
In the constituent of cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material, cubic boron nitride is 50 ~ 85vol%, surplus is based on aluminium oxide, and, when measuring the cross section of described cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material, cubic boron nitride population relative to cubic boron nitride particle the gross area shared by total area ratio be greater than 0.10 and less than 0.35, described cubic boron nitride population has the area of 2.5 times of the average area being greater than cubic boron nitride particle, the average area of described cubic boron nitride particle can be calculated by the average grain diameter of cubic boron nitride particle.
2. cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material cutting tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Cubic boron nitride particle in cubic boron nitride base ultra-high pressure sintered material containing proportional be 70 ~ 85 volume %.
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| JP2014063687A JP6198142B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Cutting tool made of cubic boron nitride super high pressure sintered material |
| JP2014-063687 | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN113454047A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-09-28 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | cBN sintered body and cutting tool |
| CN114845974A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-08-02 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | Cubic boron nitride sintered body and method for producing same |
| CN115298150A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-11-04 | 电化株式会社 | Boron nitride sintered body and method for producing same, and composite body and method for producing same |
| CN116323052A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-06-23 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | Cubic boron nitride sintered body, tool provided with cubic boron nitride sintered body, and method for producing cubic boron nitride sintered body |
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| CN104942555B (en) | 2018-06-08 |
| JP6198142B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
| JP2015182219A (en) | 2015-10-22 |
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