CN104940548A - 一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物,包括黄芪、何首乌、陈皮、甘草、当归、五味子、大蒜和肉桂。本发明的提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物是根据蛋鸭的生理特点,充分考虑十八反和十九畏的中药配伍原则,各种具有针对性的成份互相配伍后采长补短,互相协同,相许相加,经实验证明,本中药组合物添加到蛋鸭饲料中后,能够显著提高蛋鸭血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、血清总蛋白和血清白蛋白含量,提高蛋鸭免疫力,并能增进蛋鸭的抗氧化性能。本发明中药组合物原料来源广,价格低廉,作用广泛,安全性高,效益显著,因而能在蛋鸭养殖业中发挥更大的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于家禽饲料领域,具体涉及一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物。
背景技术
鸭蛋是人类最好的营养来源之一,鸭蛋中含有大量的维生素和矿物质,是具有高生物价值的蛋白质。鸭蛋性味甘、凉,具有滋阴清肺的作用,入肺、脾经;有大补虚劳、滋阴养血、润肺美肤等功效;适应于病后体虚、燥热咳嗽、咽干喉痛、高血压、腹泻痢疾等病患者食用。用于膈热、咳嗽、喉痛、齿痛。随着人口的增多和人们生活质量的提高,鸭蛋的需求量也不断大。
现有的蛋鸭养殖场,为符合鸭的生长特性,都采用群居养殖,因为鸭本身的抗病能力不强,容易患禽流感等传染性疾病,导致多只感染和死亡;并易出现腹泻、啄羽、掉毛、啄肛、输卵管炎、呼吸道等疾病。如果蛋鸭患病或者健康状况不佳,会影响到鸭蛋蛋壳品质,使得产蛋破蛋率高及出现软皮蛋,畸形蛋,沙壳蛋等,产蛋高峰期短,产蛋率低,鸭蛋个头小。如果出现以上情况,特别是对于大型养鸭场等养殖企业,会给企业造成较大的经济损失。
因此,如何养好蛋鸭是许多自繁殖场普遍关注的一个问题,由上叙述可以得出,改善蛋鸭的喂养,提高蛋鸭自身防病抗病能力和健康状况是亟待解决的重要问题。
现有技术中,为保持蛋鸭有较高的生长速度和成活率,除使用常规饲料,添加维生素、矿物质和微量元素外,要根据蛋鸭的生理特点,合理使用一些添加剂。以达到有利于提高鸭蛋品质,提高产蛋率和延长产蛋高峰期的目的,并可以达到防病的目的。实践中,这些添加剂不但没有达到既定的效果,并且或者成本较高或者存在副作用,并在仔蛋鸭及蛋内沉积有害物质,对鸭蛋的质量产生不良影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是为提高蛋鸭生长期免疫能力,降低蛋鸭患病几率,提高蛋鸭抗氧化力,提供一种中药组合物。
本发明提供一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物,包括黄芪、何首乌、陈皮、甘草、当归、五味子、大蒜和肉桂。
进一步的,以质量百分比计,包括黄芪18-22%、何首乌18-22%、陈皮8-12%、甘草8-12%、当归8-12%、五味子8-12%、大蒜5-8%和肉桂15-18%。
优选的,以质量百分比计,包括黄芪20%、何首乌20%、陈皮10%、甘草10%、当归10%、五味子10%、大蒜5%和肉桂15%。
进一步的,取所述中药,分别进行粉碎,混匀后封装,于4℃冷藏。
进一步的,将所述中药组合物按总重量的1.0-1.5%加入蛋鸭基础日粮。
优选的,将所述中药组合物按总重量的1.5%加入蛋鸭基础日粮。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明的提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物根据蛋鸭的生理特点,充分考虑十八反和十九畏的中药配伍原则,各种具有针对性的成份互相配伍后采长补短,互相协同,相许相加,经实验证明,本中药组合物添加到蛋鸭饲料中后,能够显著提高蛋鸭血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、血清总蛋白和血清白蛋白含量,提高蛋鸭免疫力,并能增进蛋鸭的抗氧化性能。本发明中药组合物原料来源广,价格低廉,作用广泛,安全性高,效益显著,因而在蛋鸭养殖业中发挥更大的作用。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例详细描述本发明。应当注意的是,下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的,它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。
实施例1
取黄芪180g、何首乌180g、陈皮80g、甘草80g、当归80g、五味子80g、大蒜50g和肉桂150g,各组分分别粉碎后混匀,用塑料袋封装后放置于4℃冰箱保存。
实施例2
取黄芪220g、何首乌220g、陈皮120g、甘草120g、当归120g、五味子120g、大蒜80g和肉桂180g,各组分分别粉碎后混匀,用塑料袋封装后放置于4℃冰箱保存。
实施例3
1试验材料
取黄芪200g、何首乌200g、陈皮100g、甘草100g、当归100g、五味子100g、大蒜50g和肉桂150g,各组分分别粉碎后混匀,用塑料袋封装后放置于4℃冰箱保存。
2试验设计
本试验所用的180只雏鸭从贵州省三穗县万顺养殖场(三穗鸭保种基地)购进。育雏3周后随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只。育雏完成后于日粮中添加中草药饲料添加剂进行生长试验,试验期120d。
试Ⅰ组表示基础日粮+1%中草药组分;
试Ⅱ组表示基础日粮+1.5%中草药组分;
对照组表示只提供基础日粮。
3饲养管理
试验组和对照组的饲养环境完全相同,试验开始注射禽流感疫苗,试验期间每三天将水池里的水进行更换,定时对圈舍进行打扫,消毒,保持圈舍清洁干燥通风。所有试验鸭自由采食,饮水。每天记录采食量及健康状况。基础日粮配方与营养水平如下表。
表1三穗鸭基础日粮配方与营养水平
注:每千克饲料含维生素A 1400IU,维生素D 4000IU,维生素E 45mg,维生素K5mg,维生素B14mg,维生素B28mg,维生素B68mg,维生素B120.03mg,烟酸60mg,泛酸15mg,叶酸1.5mg,生物素0.2mg,氯化胆碱550mg,铁100mg,铜12mg,锰110mg,锌90mg,碘0.5mg,硒0.3mg。
4指标测定
4.1血液抗氧化指标测定
在试验期60d时,每组随机抽取20只三穗鸭,静脉采血20只,每只5ml,4℃,3000r/min,离心15min,吸取上清液,分装离心管,密封。血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、和丙二醛(MDA)含量均用PowerWave XS型全波长酶标仪(Bio-tekInstruments.Inc.USA)酶联分析法(ELISA)测定。按照武汉基因美生物公司试剂盒所提供的方法进行测定。
4.2血液免疫指标测定
在试验期60d时,每组随机抽取20只三穗鸭,静脉采血20只,每只5ml,4℃,3000r/min,离心15min,吸取上清液,分装离心管,密封。血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、的含量测定均用PowerWave XS型全波长酶标仪(Bio-tekInstruments.Inc.USA)酶联分析法(ELISA)测定。按照武汉基因美生物公司的试剂盒方法进行测定。
5统计分析
试验数据用SPSS19.0统计软件,采用单因素方差法进行统计分析,多重比较用LSD法,以P<0.05为显著性差异,结果以“平均数±标准差”表示。
6结果与分析
6.1复方中草药对三穗麻鸭血清免疫指标的影响
由表2可知,与对照组相比,试Ⅱ组血清IgA含量分别显著提高10.41%(P<0.05),试Ⅰ组与对照组相比差异不显著但也略有提高(P>0.05);IgG含量试验各组都显著高于对照组,其中试Ⅱ组显著提高17.98%(P<0.05),试Ⅰ组显著提高9.25%(P<0.05);IgM含量试Ⅱ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而试Ⅰ组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试Ⅱ组血清总蛋白含量显著提高8.85%(P<0.05);而试Ⅰ组与对照组相比,其血清总蛋白含量虽差异不显著(P>0.05),但也提高了5.07%;与对照组相比,试验各组血清白蛋白含量均显著增加;其中试Ⅰ组血清白蛋白含量显著提高8.75%(P<0.05);试Ⅱ组血清白蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且提高16.60%;试验Ⅱ组血清白蛋白含量增加量最为明显。
表2复方中草药对三穗麻鸭血清免疫指标的影响
注:同列数据肩标相邻字母者表示差异显著(P<0.05),肩标相同字母者表示差异不显著(P>0.05),下同。
6.2复方中草药对三穗麻鸭血清抗氧化指标的影响
复方中草药对三穗麻鸭血清抗氧化指标的影响见下表:
表3复方中草药对三穗麻鸭血清抗氧化指标的影响
由表3可知,与对照组相比,试Ⅰ组、试Ⅱ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GsH-Px含量分别显著提高(P<0.05);试Ⅰ组、试Ⅱ组MDA含量都显著低于对照组(P<0.05);SOD含量各试验组都显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。
本发明的提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物根据蛋鸭的生理特点,充分考虑十八反和十九畏的中药配伍原则,各种具有针对性的成份互相配伍后采长补短,互相协同,相许相加,经实验证明,本中药组合物添加到蛋鸭饲料中后,能够显著提高蛋鸭血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、血清总蛋白和血清白蛋白含量,提高蛋鸭免疫力,并能增进蛋鸭的抗氧化性能。本发明中药组合物原料来源广,价格低廉,作用广泛,安全性高,效益显著,因而蛋鸭养殖业中发挥更大的作用。
本文虽然已经给出了本发明的一些实施例,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,在不脱离本发明精神的情况下,可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的,不应以本文的实施例作为本发明权利范围的限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种提高蛋鸭免疫及抗氧化力的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括黄芪、何首乌、陈皮、甘草、当归、五味子、大蒜和肉桂。
2.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,以质量百分比计,包括黄芪18-22%、何首乌18-22%、陈皮8-12%、甘草8-12%、当归8-12%、五味子8-12%、大蒜5-8%和肉桂15-18%。
3.如权利要求2所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,以质量百分比计,包括黄芪20%、何首乌20%、陈皮10%、甘草10%、当归10%、五味子10%、大蒜5%和肉桂15%。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,取所述中药,分别进行粉碎,混匀后封装,于4℃冷藏。
5.如权利要求4所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,将所述中药组合物按总重量的1.0-1.5%加入蛋鸭基础日粮。
6.如权利要求5所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,将所述中药组合物按总重量的1.5%加入蛋鸭基础日粮。
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