CN104935075B - Distributed power supply access user bidirectional metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system and method - Google Patents
Distributed power supply access user bidirectional metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及分布式发电领域，旨在提供一种分布式电源接入用户双向计量、监控与能效管理系统及方法。该系统中，处理器模块分别接至储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块和和通讯模块，且与通讯模块实现双向数据交互；计量与监控模块接至处理器模块，用于实现三路的双向计量与三路的监控；储能设备通过储能并网逆变器接至电网，储能充放电控制模块接至储能并网逆变器，通讯模块通过有线或无线方式与电网公司电能采集系统实现通信。采用本发明的系统和方法，可以实时的根据分布式发电信息和电价信息进行能效管理控制，并考虑了未来可能的储能独立的售电价格和储能充放电效率因素，使得能效管理控制跟具有实际意义和经济价值。
The invention relates to the field of distributed power generation, and aims to provide a system and method for bidirectional metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management of distributed power access users. In this system, the processor module is respectively connected to the energy storage charge and discharge control module, the load control module and the communication module, and realizes two-way data interaction with the communication module; the metering and monitoring module is connected to the processor module to realize the three-way Two-way metering and three-way monitoring; the energy storage device is connected to the grid through the energy storage grid-connected inverter, the energy storage charge and discharge control module is connected to the energy storage grid-connected inverter, and the communication module communicates with the grid company's electric energy through wired or wireless The acquisition system realizes the communication. By adopting the system and method of the present invention, energy efficiency management and control can be carried out in real time according to distributed power generation information and electricity price information, and considering possible future energy storage independent electricity sales prices and energy storage charging and discharging efficiency factors, so that energy efficiency management and control follow It has practical significance and economic value.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及分布式发电领域，具体的讲，涉及一种分布式电源接入用户双向计量、监控与能效管理系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of distributed power generation, in particular to a system and method for two-way metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management of distributed power access users.
背景技术Background technique
随着环境问题域能源问题越来越受到关注，分布式发电，尤其是可再生能源分布式发电技术发展迅速，成为各国能源供给的重点发展方向。传统的电网是由大型发电厂集中发电，通过电网将电能输送和分配到分散各用户进行使用，存在设网损大，输配电成本高等问题。而可再生能源通常具备发电功率密度小、间歇性及随机性大，采用传统的集中发电方式需要占用大量的面积，而且由于发电的间歇性使得电能的调度和输送带来很大问题，经常出现脱网或者弃电等情况发生，即对电网的安全造成影响，对可再生能源的利用效率也不高，因此可再生能源大规模利用比较适合大规模的分布式发电形式。目前世界各国在进过可再生能源集中电站发电模式以后，都在大力推广分布式发电形式。在用户侧附件根据可再生能源的形式发展分布式发电，直接给用户供电，无需经过输电和配电过程，大大降低电能输送损耗，而且能够提高供电的可靠性。As energy issues in the field of environmental issues have attracted more and more attention, distributed power generation, especially renewable energy distributed power generation technology, has developed rapidly and has become the key development direction of energy supply in various countries. The traditional power grid is centralized power generation by large power plants, and the power is transmitted and distributed to scattered users through the power grid for use. There are problems such as large network loss and high transmission and distribution costs. However, renewable energy usually has low power generation density, high intermittent and randomness, and the traditional centralized power generation method needs to occupy a large area, and the intermittent nature of power generation brings great problems to the scheduling and transmission of electric energy, which often occurs The occurrence of off-grid or power abandonment will affect the security of the power grid, and the utilization efficiency of renewable energy is not high. Therefore, large-scale use of renewable energy is more suitable for large-scale distributed power generation. At present, countries all over the world are vigorously promoting the form of distributed power generation after entering the renewable energy centralized power station power generation mode. On the user side, distributed power generation is developed in the form of renewable energy, which directly supplies power to users without going through the process of power transmission and distribution, greatly reducing power transmission losses and improving the reliability of power supply.
接入的分布式电源的用户具备了发电能力，使得电力流在用户和电网之间双向流动，分布式发电不足时用户继续从电网购电满足用户负荷需要，在用电低谷时刻用电量小于分布式发电时，用户可以向电网售电，也可以通过储能系统将多余的电能储存起来，在分布式发电不足时释放出来供负荷使用，或者在合适的时候卖给电网。这样就存在了用户和电网的电能结算问题，需要采用双向计量方法计量用户和电网的电能交换。目前各政府都大力支持可再生能源分布式发电，都有相关的补贴政策，因此可再生能源分布式发电需要单独精确计量以获得政府补贴。另外由于分布式电源的接入以及储能系统的配置，使得用户的发电、用电变得更加复杂，如何协调好分布式发电、储能、用电及售电将是一个非常有意义的能效管理问题，合理的能效管理方法能够提高用户的收益，降低用电成本，并能够最大化的利用可再生能源。The users of the connected distributed power generation have the ability to generate power, so that the power flow flows in both directions between the user and the grid. When the distributed power generation is insufficient, the user continues to purchase electricity from the grid to meet the user's load needs, and the power consumption is less than During distributed generation, users can sell electricity to the grid, or store excess electricity through the energy storage system, and release it for load use when distributed generation is insufficient, or sell it to the grid at an appropriate time. In this way, there is a problem of energy settlement between the user and the grid, and it is necessary to use a two-way metering method to measure the energy exchange between the user and the grid. At present, all governments strongly support distributed generation of renewable energy and have related subsidy policies. Therefore, distributed generation of renewable energy needs to be measured separately and accurately to obtain government subsidies. In addition, due to the access of distributed power sources and the configuration of energy storage systems, the user's power generation and power consumption have become more complicated. How to coordinate distributed power generation, energy storage, power consumption and power sales will be a very meaningful energy efficiency issue. Management issues, reasonable energy efficiency management methods can improve user benefits, reduce electricity costs, and maximize the use of renewable energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是，克服现有技术中分布式电源接入用户情况下用户与电网电能双向流动的计量问题、监控与能效管理的不足，提供一种分布式电源接入用户双向计量、监控与能效管理系统及方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of metering the two-way flow of power between the user and the power grid in the prior art when the distributed power source is connected to the user, and the shortcomings of monitoring and energy efficiency management, and to provide a two-way metering of the distributed power source connected to the user , Monitoring and energy efficiency management system and method.
为解决技术问题，本发明的具体解决方案如下：For solving technical problem, concrete solution of the present invention is as follows:
提供一种分布式电源接入用户计量、监控与能效管理系统，包括处理器模块、计量与监控模块、储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块和通讯模块；处理器模块分别接至储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块和和通讯模块，且与通讯模块实现双向数据交互；Provide a distributed power access user metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system, including a processor module, metering and monitoring module, energy storage charge and discharge control module, load control module and communication module; the processor module is respectively connected to the energy storage charging Discharge control module, load control module and communication module, and realize two-way data interaction with the communication module;
计量与监控模块接至处理器模块，用于实现三路的双向计量与三路的监控；其中，三路的双向计量是指对分布式发电设备、储能设备和负荷分别与电网间的双向电能进行计量；三路监控是指对分布式发电设备、储能设备和负荷的运行状态进行监控；The metering and monitoring module is connected to the processor module to realize three-way two-way metering and three-way monitoring; among them, the three-way two-way metering refers to the two-way communication between distributed power generation equipment, energy storage equipment and loads and the grid respectively. Electric energy is measured; three-way monitoring refers to the monitoring of the operating status of distributed power generation equipment, energy storage equipment and loads;
储能设备通过储能并网逆变器接至电网，储能充放电控制模块接至储能并网逆变器，用于控制储能设备的充电操作或放电操作；储能充放电控制模块可以根据处理器模块发送来的充电还是放电或是待机指令，实现对储能设备的控制，使其工作在对应的充电、放电或待机状态。The energy storage device is connected to the grid through the energy storage grid-connected inverter, and the energy storage charge and discharge control module is connected to the energy storage grid-connected inverter to control the charging operation or discharge operation of the energy storage device; the energy storage charge and discharge control module According to the charging, discharging or standby command sent by the processor module, the control of the energy storage device can be realized to make it work in the corresponding charging, discharging or standby state.
负荷被分为重要负荷和一般负荷，负荷控制模块在紧急情况和能效管理需要时切断对一般负荷的供电；重要负荷和一般负荷由使用者根据负荷自身的重要性来区分，并将其区分依据设置于负荷控制模块中，负荷控制模块根据处理器模块发送来的负荷控制指令可以对一般负荷进行供电或者是断电控制。Loads are divided into important loads and general loads, and the load control module cuts off the power supply to general loads in emergency situations and energy efficiency management needs; important loads and general loads are distinguished by the user according to the importance of the load itself, and the basis The load control module is installed in the load control module, and the load control module can control the power supply or power-off of general loads according to the load control instructions sent by the processor module.
通讯模块通过有线或无线方式与电网公司电能采集系统实现通信，用于上传电能信息、获得实时电价信息，并将实时电价信息传送到处理器模块。通讯模块可以采用485通讯、以太网通讯等多种方式，实时接收电网公司配电系统中电能采集系统发送的实时电价信息传送到处理器模块，并将用户计量、监控与能效管理系统采集的电能数据传送到电网公司配电系统中电能采集系统。The communication module communicates with the power collection system of the power grid company through wired or wireless means, and is used to upload power information, obtain real-time electricity price information, and transmit the real-time electricity price information to the processor module. The communication module can use various methods such as 485 communication and Ethernet communication to receive real-time electricity price information sent by the power collection system in the power distribution system of the power grid company and send it to the processor module in real time, and transmit the electric energy collected by the user's metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system The data is transmitted to the power collection system in the power distribution system of the power grid company.
本发明中，所述分布式发电设备是：光伏发电设备、风能发电设备、燃料电池发电设备或微型燃气发电设备中的任意一种。In the present invention, the distributed power generation equipment is any one of photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind energy power generation equipment, fuel cell power generation equipment or micro gas power generation equipment.
本发明中，所述储能设备是：各种类型的蓄电池组或者超级电容组。In the present invention, the energy storage device is: various types of battery packs or supercapacitor packs.
本发明进一步提供了基于前述系统的分布式电源接入用户计量、监控与能效管理方法，具体包括：处理器模块根据获得的实时电价信息、电能数据和监控数据进行能效管理计算，实现储能设备的充放电控制计算和负荷控制计算：将充放电指令发送到储能充放电控制模块，由其实现储能设备充电和放电状态的转变；将负荷控制指令发送给负荷控制模块，由其对一般负荷进行通断控制。The present invention further provides a distributed power access user metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management method based on the aforementioned system, which specifically includes: the processor module performs energy efficiency management calculations according to the obtained real-time electricity price information, electric energy data and monitoring data, and realizes energy storage equipment The charging and discharging control calculation and load control calculation: send the charging and discharging command to the energy storage charging and discharging control module, which realizes the transition of the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device; sends the load control command to the load control module, which controls the general Load on-off control.
所述储能设备的充放电控制计算是指：处理器模块根据通讯模块从电网电能采集系统获得的实时电价P、储能充放电效率η、分布式发电上网电价P2、储能上网电价P3以及分布式发电功率W1、负荷功率W2进行储能设备的充放电控制：The charging and discharging control calculation of the energy storage device refers to: the real-time electricity price P obtained by the processor module from the grid power collection system according to the communication module, the energy storage charging and discharging efficiency η, the distributed generation on-grid electricity price P2, the energy storage on-grid electricity price P3 and Distributed generation power W1 and load power W2 control the charging and discharging of energy storage equipment:
当分布式发电功率、负荷功率及电价信息同时满足以下式(1)和式(2)时，分布式发电设备给储能设备充电，否则储能设备处于待机状态，分布式发电设备多余电量直接上网售电；When the distributed generation power, load power and electricity price information satisfy the following equations (1) and (2) at the same time, the distributed generation equipment will charge the energy storage equipment; Online electricity sales;
W1＞W2 (1)W1>W2 (1)
P2＜P3×η (2)P2<P3×η (2)
当处于用电低谷时刻，当前电价和储能售电电价满足下式(3)，且储能设备未充满电时，储能设备从电网购电进行充电控制；When the power consumption is at a low point, the current electricity price and the energy storage electricity sales price satisfy the following formula (3), and the energy storage device is not fully charged, the energy storage device purchases electricity from the grid for charging control;
P＜P3×η (3)P<P3×η (3)
当分布式发电功率小于负荷用电功率、储能设备剩余电能>10％，且满足下式(4)时，储能设备进行放电供负荷用电，否则直接从电网购电供负荷用电：When the distributed generation power is less than the power consumption of the load, the remaining power of the energy storage device is >10%, and the following formula (4) is satisfied, the energy storage device discharges and supplies power to the load; otherwise, it directly purchases power from the grid to supply power to the load:
P＞P3×η (4)。P>P3×η (4).
所述负荷控制计算是指：处理器模块根据设置的负荷控制参考电价P1，以及通讯模块从电网电能采集系统获得的实时电价P进行判断：当P1≥P时，打开一般负荷供电；当P1<P时，关闭一般负荷供电；处理器模块将上述判断结果发送到负荷控制模块，控制一般负荷的供电。The load control calculation refers to: the processor module judges according to the set load control reference electricity price P1, and the real-time electricity price P obtained by the communication module from the grid power collection system: when P1≥P, turn on the general load power supply; when P1< When P, the general load power supply is turned off; the processor module sends the above judgment result to the load control module to control the general load power supply.
本发明中，计量的分布式发电量用于获取政府财政补贴，计量的储能放电用于未来可能的储能补贴，计量的用户和电网双向电能用于用户和电网进行电价结算。三路的双向计量与三路的监控均通过传感器或测量装置的信号采集与传输实现，这是现有技术。三路监控包括分布式发电状态、储能状态、负荷状态。对分布式发电的监测包括实时有功功率、无功功率、电压、频率、分布式发电状态等，对储能的监测包括剩余电量、储能状态、充放电功率、电压等；对负荷的监测包括负荷用电有功功率、无功功率、电压等。计量与监控模块采集的计量和监控的数据传送到处理器模块。In the present invention, the metered distributed power generation is used to obtain government financial subsidies, the metered energy storage discharge is used for possible future energy storage subsidies, and the metered user-grid bidirectional electric energy is used for electricity price settlement between users and the grid. The three-way bi-directional metering and three-way monitoring are all realized through signal acquisition and transmission of sensors or measuring devices, which is the prior art. Three-way monitoring includes distributed generation status, energy storage status, and load status. The monitoring of distributed generation includes real-time active power, reactive power, voltage, frequency, distributed generation status, etc. The monitoring of energy storage includes remaining power, energy storage status, charging and discharging power, voltage, etc.; the monitoring of load includes Load active power, reactive power, voltage, etc. The metering and monitoring data collected by the metering and monitoring module are transmitted to the processor module.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
传统的包含分布式电源和储能系统的能效管理都是基于固定电价机制，既没有考虑到未来电力市场环境下的实时电价情形和储能电池的充放电效率问题，也没有考虑项电网售电的情况以及可能的储能放电的补贴政策等问题。Traditional energy efficiency management including distributed power sources and energy storage systems is based on a fixed electricity price mechanism, which neither considers the real-time electricity price situation in the future electricity market environment nor the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage batteries, nor does it consider the power grid sales. The situation and possible subsidy policies for energy storage and discharge.
采用本发明的系统和方法，可以实时的根据分布式发电信息和电价信息进行能效管理控制，并考虑了未来可能的储能独立的售电价格和储能充放电效率因素，使得能效管理控制跟具有实际意义和经济价值。By adopting the system and method of the present invention, energy efficiency management and control can be carried out in real time according to distributed power generation information and electricity price information, and considering possible future energy storage independent electricity sales prices and energy storage charging and discharging efficiency factors, so that energy efficiency management and control follow It has practical significance and economic value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为分布式电源接入用户计量、监控与能效管理系统示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of distributed power access user metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system.
图2为计量、监控与能效管理系统功能框图。Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此次所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described this time are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
首先需要说明的是，本发明涉及工业控制技术，是计算机技术在电网设备控制技术领域的一种应用。在本发明的实现过程中，会涉及到多个软件功能模块的应用。申请人认为，如在仔细阅读申请文件、准确理解本发明的实现原理和发明目的以后，在结合现有公知技术的情况下，本领域技术人员完全可以运用其掌握的软件编程技能实现本发明。前述软件功能模块包括但不限于：计量与监控模块、储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块等，凡本发明申请文件提及的均属此范畴，申请人不再一一列举。本发明的具体思路如下：First of all, it needs to be explained that the present invention relates to industrial control technology, and is an application of computer technology in the field of power grid equipment control technology. During the implementation of the present invention, the application of multiple software function modules will be involved. The applicant believes that, after carefully reading the application documents and accurately understanding the realization principle and purpose of the present invention, combined with existing known technologies, those skilled in the art can fully implement the present invention by using their software programming skills. The aforementioned software functional modules include but are not limited to: metering and monitoring module, energy storage charge and discharge control module, load control module, etc. All mentioned in the application documents of the present invention belong to this category, and the applicant will not list them one by one. Concrete train of thought of the present invention is as follows:
本发明具体实施例子如附图1和附图2所示。分布式电源接入用户计量、监控和能效管理系统主要应用与接入有分布式电源的用户，采集多路的电能数据，并根据实时电价进行能效管理。The specific implementation example of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2. Distributed power access user metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system is mainly used to connect users with distributed power, collect multi-channel electric energy data, and perform energy efficiency management according to real-time electricity prices.
分布式电源接入用户计量、监控与能效管理系统，包括处理器模块、计量与监控模块、储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块和通讯模块。具体连接关系或电信号传递关系为：处理器模块分别接至储能充放电控制模块、负荷控制模块和和通讯模块，且与通讯模块实现双向数据交互；计量与监控模块接至处理器模块，用于实现三路的双向计量与三路的监控；储能设备通过储能并网逆变器接至电网，储能充放电控制模块接至储能并网逆变器；通讯模块通过有线或无线方式与电网公司电能采集系统实现通信。其中：The distributed power supply is connected to the user's metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system, including a processor module, a metering and monitoring module, an energy storage charge and discharge control module, a load control module and a communication module. The specific connection relationship or electrical signal transmission relationship is: the processor module is respectively connected to the energy storage charge and discharge control module, the load control module and the communication module, and realizes two-way data interaction with the communication module; the measurement and monitoring module is connected to the processor module, It is used to realize three-way bidirectional metering and three-way monitoring; the energy storage device is connected to the grid through the energy storage grid-connected inverter, and the energy storage charge and discharge control module is connected to the energy storage grid-connected inverter; the communication module is connected to the energy storage grid-connected inverter; Wirelessly communicate with the electric energy collection system of the power grid company. in:
计量与监控模块实现三路的双向计量与三路的监控，三路计量包括分布式发电、储能放电、用户和电网双向电能，三路监控包括分布式发电状态、储能状态、负荷状态，计量和监控的数据传送到处理器模块；储能充放电控制模块连接到储能并网逆变器，控制储能系统进行充电操作或者是放电操作；负荷控制模块将负荷分为重要负荷和一般负荷，在紧急情况和能效管理需要情况下负荷控制模块可以切断一般负荷的供电；通讯模块连接电网公司电能采集系统，上传电能信息，并获得实时电价信息，然后将实时电价信息传送到处理器模块；处理器模块根据实时电价信息、计量与监控模块传送的电能数据和监控数据进行能效管理计算，实现储能设备的充放电控制计算和负荷控制计算，并将储能充放电指令发送到储能充放电控制模块，实现储能设备充电和放电状态的转变，将负荷控制指令发送的负荷控制模块，对一般负荷进行通断控制。The metering and monitoring module realizes three-way bidirectional metering and three-way monitoring. The three-way metering includes distributed power generation, energy storage discharge, and bidirectional power between users and the grid. The three-way monitoring includes distributed power generation status, energy storage status, and load status. The metering and monitoring data are sent to the processor module; the energy storage charge and discharge control module is connected to the energy storage grid-connected inverter to control the energy storage system to perform charging or discharging operations; the load control module divides the load into important loads and general loads Load, the load control module can cut off the power supply of general loads in emergencies and energy efficiency management needs; the communication module is connected to the power collection system of the power grid company, uploads power information, and obtains real-time electricity price information, and then transmits the real-time electricity price information to the processor module ;The processor module performs energy efficiency management calculations based on real-time electricity price information, electric energy data and monitoring data transmitted by the metering and monitoring module, realizes charge and discharge control calculations and load control calculations of energy storage equipment, and sends energy storage charge and discharge instructions to energy storage The charge and discharge control module realizes the transition of the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device, and the load control module that sends the load control command performs on-off control of the general load.
储能充放电控制模块可以根据处理器模块发送来的充电还是放电或是待机指令，实现储能系统的控制，使其工作在对应的充电、放电或待机状态。The energy storage charging and discharging control module can realize the control of the energy storage system and make it work in the corresponding charging, discharging or standby state according to the charging, discharging or standby command sent by the processor module.
负荷控制模块根据设置的标准将用户负荷分为重要负荷和一般负荷，根据处理器模块发送来的负荷控制指令可以对一般负荷进行供电或者是断电控制。The load control module divides user loads into important loads and general loads according to the set standards, and can perform power supply or power-off control for general loads according to the load control instructions sent by the processor module.
通讯模块可以采用485通讯、以太网通讯等多种方式，实时接收电网公司配电系统中电能采集系统发送的实时电价信息传送到处理器模块，并将用户计量、监控与能效管理系统采集的电能数据传送到电网公司配电系统中电能采集系统。The communication module can use various methods such as 485 communication and Ethernet communication to receive real-time electricity price information sent by the power collection system in the power distribution system of the power grid company and send it to the processor module in real time, and transmit the electric energy collected by the user's metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management system The data is transmitted to the power collection system in the power distribution system of the power grid company.
分布式发电设备可以是光伏发电设备、风能发电设备、燃料电池发电设备或微型燃气发电设备中的任意一种。储能设备可以是各种类型的蓄电池组或者超级电容组。The distributed power generation equipment can be any one of photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, fuel cell power generation equipment or micro gas power generation equipment. The energy storage device may be various types of battery packs or supercapacitor packs.
分布式电源接入用户能效管理方法以内嵌软件的形式运行在处理器模块中，该方法又包括负荷控制计算和储能控制计算两部分。The distributed power access user energy efficiency management method runs in the processor module in the form of embedded software, and the method includes two parts: load control calculation and energy storage control calculation.
1、负荷控制计算：根据设置的用户负荷控制参考电价P1，以及通讯模块从电网电能采集系统获得的实时电价P进行判断，如果P1≥P时打开一般负荷供电，当P1<P时关闭一般负荷供电，处理器模块将上述判断结果发送到负荷控制模块，控制一般负荷的供电。1. Load control calculation: judge according to the set user load control reference electricity price P1, and the real-time electricity price P obtained by the communication module from the grid power collection system. If P1≥P, turn on the general load power supply, and when P1<P, turn off the general load For power supply, the processor module sends the above judgment result to the load control module to control the power supply of general loads.
2、储能控制计算：根据通讯模块从电网电能采集系统获得的实时电价P、储能充放电效率η、分布式发电上网电价P2，储能上网电价P3以及分布式发电功率W1、负荷功率W2进行储能设备的充放电控制。2. Energy storage control calculation: According to the real-time electricity price P obtained from the grid power collection system by the communication module, the energy storage charging and discharging efficiency η, the distributed generation on-grid electricity price P2, the energy storage on-grid electricity price P3, the distributed generation power W1, and the load power W2 Carry out charge and discharge control of energy storage equipment.
当分布式发电功率、负荷功率及电价信息同时满足以下式(1)和式(2)时，分布式发电设备给储能设备充电，使储能设备处于充电状态；否则，储能设备处于待机状态，分布式发电设备的多余电量直接上网售电。When the distributed generation power, load power and electricity price information satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2) at the same time, the distributed power generation equipment charges the energy storage equipment, so that the energy storage equipment is in the charging state; otherwise, the energy storage equipment is in standby state, the excess power of distributed power generation equipment is directly sold online.
W1＞W2 (1)W1>W2 (1)
P2＜P3×η (2)P2<P3×η (2)
举例：如果当前分布式发电功率W1大于负荷功率W2，分布式发电上网电价P2为0.35元/度，储能上网电价P3为0.45元/度，储能设备充放电效率η为0.9，则满足P2＝0.35＜P3×η＝0.45×0.9＝0.405，分布式发电设备多余电量非储能充电，储能设备工作在充电模式；如果此时分布式发电上网电价P2为0.45，或者储能效率只有0.8则不满足上公式(2)，分布式发电设备直接上网售电，储能系统工作在待机模式。Example: If the current distributed generation power W1 is greater than the load power W2, the distributed generation on-grid electricity price P2 is 0.35 yuan/kWh, the energy storage on-grid electricity price P3 is 0.45 yuan/kWh, and the charging and discharging efficiency η of the energy storage equipment is 0.9, then P2 is satisfied ＝0.35＜P3×η＝0.45×0.9＝0.405, the excess power of the distributed power generation equipment is not charged by energy storage, and the energy storage equipment works in the charging mode; if the on-grid electricity price P2 of distributed power generation is 0.45 at this time, or the energy storage efficiency is only 0.8 If the above formula (2) is not satisfied, the distributed power generation equipment directly sells electricity online, and the energy storage system works in standby mode.
当处于用电低谷时刻，当前电价和储能设备售电电价满足下式(3)，且储能设备未充满电时，储能设备从电网购电进行充电控制。When the power consumption is low, the current electricity price and the electricity sales price of the energy storage equipment satisfy the following formula (3), and the energy storage equipment is not fully charged, the energy storage equipment purchases electricity from the grid for charging control.
P＜P3×η (3)P<P3×η (3)
举例：用电低谷时电价较低，P为0.25元/度，满足上述公式(3)P＝0.25＜P3×η＝0.45×0.9＝0.405，则从电网购电给储能设备充电，储能设备处在充电工作模式，直到储能设备充满；而在用电高峰期电价较高，如实时电价P为0.55元时不满足上公式(3)则不从电网购电给储能设备充电。For example: when electricity consumption is low, the price of electricity is low, P is 0.25 yuan/kWh, and if the above formula (3) P=0.25<P3×η=0.45×0.9=0.405 is satisfied, electricity is purchased from the grid to charge the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage The equipment is in the charging mode until the energy storage equipment is fully charged; while the electricity price is high during the peak period of electricity consumption, if the real-time electricity price P is 0.55 yuan and the above formula (3) is not satisfied, then the energy storage equipment will not be charged from the grid.
当分布式发电设备小于负荷用电功率、储能设备剩余电能>10％，且满足下式(4)时，储能设备进行放电供负荷用电，否则直接从电网购电供负荷用电。When the distributed power generation equipment is less than the power consumption of the load, the remaining power of the energy storage equipment is >10%, and the following formula (4) is satisfied, the energy storage equipment discharges to supply the load with electricity, otherwise it directly purchases electricity from the grid to supply the load with electricity.
P＞P3×ηP>P3×η
举例：当分布式发电功率小于负荷用电功率，如果此时从电网购电的实时电价P为0.42元/度，储能设备售电电价P3为045元/度，储能充放电效率η为0.9，则满足上述公式(4)P＝0.42＞P3×η＝0.45×0.9＝0.405，由储能设备放电给负荷用电，否则直接从电网购电来满足负荷需求。如果分布式发电设备和储能设备放电综合仍然不满足负荷，则剩余不足部分还是需要从电网购电。Example: When the power of distributed generation is less than the power consumption of loads, if the real-time electricity price P purchased from the grid at this time is 0.42 yuan/kWh, the electricity sales price P3 of energy storage equipment is 0.45 yuan/kWh, and the energy storage charge and discharge efficiency η is 0.9 , then the above formula (4) P=0.42>P3×η=0.45×0.9=0.405 is satisfied, and the energy storage device discharges electricity to the load, otherwise it directly purchases electricity from the grid to meet the load demand. If the combined discharge of distributed power generation equipment and energy storage equipment still does not meet the load, the remaining insufficient part still needs to purchase electricity from the grid.
综上所述，本发明包括分布式电源接入用户计量、监控与能效管理系统及方法，采用本发明的方式可以实时的根据分布式发电信息和电价信息进行能效管理控制，并考虑了未来可能的储能独立的售电价格和储能充放电效率因素，使得能效管理控制跟具有实际意义和经济价值。To sum up, the present invention includes distributed power access user metering, monitoring and energy efficiency management systems and methods. By adopting the method of the present invention, energy efficiency management and control can be carried out in real time according to distributed power generation information and electricity price information, and future possible The independent electricity sales price and energy storage charging and discharging efficiency factors of the energy storage make the energy efficiency management control have practical significance and economic value.
最后应当说明的是：以上具体实施方式仅用于以上实施例，仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制，尽管参照上述实施方式对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。例如光伏的售电价格P2、储能的售电价格P3也可以不是固定值，和当前实时电价类似，也可以使实时变化的，没有出台储能独立电价时也可以采用普通的上网电价作为储能上网电价使用，但仍然可以应用上述方法进行能效管理控制。Finally, it should be noted that: the above specific embodiments are only used for the above examples, and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary people in the field The skilled person should understand that the specific implementation of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention. For example, the electricity sales price P2 of photovoltaics and the electricity sales price of energy storage P3 may not be fixed values. Similar to the current real-time electricity price, they can also be changed in real time. When there is no independent electricity price for energy storage, the ordinary on-grid electricity price can also be used as the storage price. It can be used on-grid electricity price, but the above method can still be used for energy efficiency management and control.
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