CN104926081A - Glass melting device and melting method therefor - Google Patents
Glass melting device and melting method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104926081A CN104926081A CN201510388169.3A CN201510388169A CN104926081A CN 104926081 A CN104926081 A CN 104926081A CN 201510388169 A CN201510388169 A CN 201510388169A CN 104926081 A CN104926081 A CN 104926081A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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Abstract
The present invention provides a melting device for melting glass complex powder into high-quality molten glass and a melting method therefor. The glass melting device comprises an outer crucible, a bubbler tube, an discharge tube and a heating device, and further comprises an inner crucible with a convex curved surface body structure, wherein the bubbler tube is inserted into the outer crucible; the inner crucible is arranged on the bottom in the outer crucible and a plurality of through holes are formed inthe convex curved surface of the inner crucible. By changing the structures of devices such as the outer crucible, the inner crucible, the bubbler tube, the discharge tube and the like, the glass melting device can improve a flow path of the molten glass, optimizes the whole flow and residence time, effectively reduces an area in which the molten glass flows slowly around the inner crucible, improves the residence time concentration degree of the molten glass in the melting device and improves the uniformity of the glass components, thereby ensuring physical and chemical performances such as the refractive index, the the Abbe number and the like of a glass product to be more uniform and stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of melting appartus for glass production and melting method thereof, particularly relate to the improvement opportunity that a kind of glass batch thing powder is fused into the protection of the melting appartus used in the process of glass metal, the optimization of glass metal Velocity Field of Flow and obtains stable and uniform glass physical and chemical performance.
Background technology
As everyone knows, glass melting operation has following 5 primary processes: 1) a series of physical-chemical reaction formation silicate or the low-temperature eutectic thing of similar compound occur each other admixtion in heat-processed; 2), when constant temperature raises, the viscosity of eutectic reduces, and inside forms homogeneous transparent glass metal gradually, now also has a large amount of bubble in glass metal; 3) glass metal of incipient melting is after temperature continues rising, inside glass air scavenge, and glass metal is clarified; 4) glass metal clarified progressively is reduced temperature, in glass metal, on the other hand by methods such as stirrings, glass metal internal temperature and composition can be made to reach maximum homogenizing the small bubbles not yet got rid of again solution absorption by cooling on the one hand; 5) undertaken shaping by being cooled to the glass metal of certain temperature to be transported to shaped device by material road.
In glass melting process, expect that the stage of incipient melting glass metal is the stage most important, the most complicated glass melting from cooperation, in the difference in this one-phase admixtion each part residence time or reaction times, all very easily cause the calculus that is inconsistent or even that formed containing non-fusant of gas volume in glass ingredient deviation, glass, and glass quality will be caused to decline, therefore need in glass fusion process according to the selection because usually considering glass melting set such as the glass trade mark, load, quality requirements.In float glass fusing, general choice rectangle flame kiln; In glass fibre is produced, more options All Electric Melting Furnace; And specially designed small-sized continuous tank furnace generally can be selected as melting appartus in opticglass is produced.When adopting little tonnage kiln (load every day less than a ton) to produce special opticglass, special emphasis reduces the defect such as bubble, striped, calculus of glass inherence to the impact of quality product, common way adopts precious metal material, as platinum, rhodium and alloy thereof, directly make glass melting set, and do not adopt refractory materials to make melting appartus.
At present, individual layer crucible body structure generally can be adopted when adopting precious metal to make small-sized melting appartus, additional refractory materials, and heating unit is installed additional in refractory materials, this structure has saving precious metal, reduce the advantages such as production cost input, but because its structure is too simple, there is the shortcoming of following two aspects: on the one hand, when powder melts in a device and forms glass metal, residence time destribution in device is poor, and often band serves glass melting quality problems, the defects such as formation calculus as insufficient in glass melting, striped; On the other hand, when containing strong reducing property composition in powder, the simple substance be reduced easily makes noble metal structures suffer breakage, or raw material impacts at the bottom of crucible, causes at the bottom of crucible and damages, affect work-ing life.
CN204079751U discloses the double-deck crucible body design that a kind of interior crucible becomes concave spherical surface, improve glass blister quality with this and improve glass blister quality stability, prevent the impact of the external crucible body of frit added, but the clearance issues occurred between the interior crucible that this device the problem such as unresolved complete processing, the creep of high temperature crucible body cause and outer crucible, produce distortion, work-ing life is affected, and destroys this interior crucible body bottom outlet further to the guide functions of glass metal, reduces glass melting quality.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of melting appartus that glass batch thing powder can be fused into high-quality glass metal.
The present invention also will provide a kind of method melting high quality glass liquid.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: glass melting set, comprise outer crucible, bubbling pipe, discharge nozzle and heating unit, described bubbling pipe is inserted in outer crucible, also comprise the interior crucible of convex surface body structure, described interior crucible is arranged on the bottom in outer crucible, and the convex surface of described interior crucible is provided with some through holes.
Described interior crucible is arranged on Wai Guo bottom center position, and interior crucible and outer crucible have common center line.
Described interior crucible is ball shape, spheroid-like, parabolic shape, aspherical shape, is preferably ball shape.
The diameter of described through hole is not more than 0.25 of the interior crucible intersection girth crossing with outer crucible.
The quantity of described through hole is 3-25, and preferred size is equal is uniformly distributed.
Described interior crucible outside bottom crucible area occupied be the 0.3-0.9 of outer crucible bottom area, be preferably 0.5-0.8.
Described discharge nozzle is arranged on bottom outer crucible, and its initiating terminal is positioned at bottom crucible.
Described discharge nozzle hydraulic diameter is the interior crucible 0.1-0.5 of maximum height in crucible outside.
Described outer crucible is the cylindrical of bottom rounding, and chamfering diameter is the 0.1-0.6 of the diameter of section of outer crucible.
Glass melting process, the method comprises the following steps:
1) glass batch thing powder is joined in outer crucible;
2) powder is being fused in glass metal process, and constantly to crucible diffluence in the convex surface structure be arranged on bottom outer crucible, and it is inner to enter interior crucible by through hole;
3) glass metal that incipient melting completes flows out from discharge nozzle, completes glass fusion process.
In glass fusion process, bubbling pipe blasts the oxidizing atmosphere gas of preheating always in glass metal, improves the Flow Field Distribution of glass metal, decreases the accounting of the slow region of flowing at whole glass flow region, glass metal is mixed more abundant.
By the discharge nozzle adopting the cylindric outer crucible of bottom periphery rounding to coordinate crucible and port corner cut in convex surface structure, bubbling pipe blasts gas near wall or the melt flow of corner has pushing effect, melt flow is accelerated, effectively can improve the velocity field distribution of glass metal in melting process, reduce the slow region of flowing in the accounting of whole glass flow region, improve glass metal residence time concentration degree.
In glass fusion process, the height of glass liquid level is 1-2.4 times of outer crucible internal diameter, can melt high quality glass liquid.
In glass fusion process, it is be preheating to the gas close to glass metal temperature of fusion that bubbling pipe blasts gas temperature, preferably lower than the preheating gas of institute's molten glass liquid temp 50-150 DEG C, temperature of glass liquid field can be effectively prevented to be subject to thermal shocking, affect the flow velocity field of glass metal in whole melting appartus, cause glass metal refining quality to fluctuate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the change on the apparatus structures such as external crucible, interior crucible, bubbling pipe, discharge nozzle, make glass melting set of the present invention can improve the flowing-path of glass metal, optimize the overall flow residence time, the slow region of the flowing of effective minimizing glass metal around interior crucible, improve the residence time concentration degree of glass metal at melting appartus, improve glass ingredient homogeneity, thus make the physical and chemical performance such as specific refractory power, Abbe number of glassy product evenly, stable; By the quantity of bubbling pipe and effective control of bubbled gas thereof, the possibility that raw material directly impacts bottom platinum structure and corrosion platinum structure can be reduced, the inside region be divided into bubbling pipe to surround the glass metal in outer crucible and exterior lateral area, thus effectively can reduce the chance of the outer crucible wall of powder contact, extend the work-ing life of melting appartus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the front view of glass melting set of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of structure of glass melting set of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the whole production line adopting glass melting device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the glass metal holdup concentration degree schematic diagram adopting glass melting set of the present invention.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-Figure 2, glass melting set of the present invention comprises outer crucible 10, the interior crucible 4 of convex surface body structure, bubbling pipe 3, discharge nozzle 5, heating unit 11, temperature control unit 12, refractory materials outer 13 and refractory materials internal layer 14.Refractory materials internal layer 14 wraps up outer crucible 10, is also provided with refractory materials skin 13 refractory materials internal layer 14 is outer, and between refractory materials outer 13 and refractory materials internal layer 14 between be separated with a cavity 15, in cavity 15, be provided with heating unit 11.
The Main Function of refractory materials skin 13 reduces calorific loss, and simultaneously for whole glass melting set provides required strength support, its material can adopt the combination of one or more refractory materialss such as light-weight insulating brick, corundum brick.
In order to prevent occurring convection of air in cavity 15 inside, affect heats, cavity 15 internal insulation is become some areolas by the present invention.
Heating unit 11 is embedded in cavity 15, and heating unit 11 can adopt globars, Si-Mo rod, resistance wire etc. as heating source.The selection of source materials is mainly determined according to the top temperature of molten glass, and when use temperature is higher than 800 DEG C, preferred globars, Si-Mo rod are as heating source.When heating unit 11 works, control operating power by Controlling System, heat is delivered on outer crucible 10 by thermal radiation and heat conducting mode.Different positions outside on crucible 10 is provided with temperature control unit 12, utilize temperature control unit 12 to measure the wall temperature of outer crucible 10, and temperature-measuring results is fed back to Controlling System, Controlling System Modulating Power more as required, form closed-loop control, make the temperature-stable of outer crucible 10 in the temperature range required for work.
Outer crucible 10 is melting pools that glass batch thing powder is fused into glass metal, the Material selec-tion of outer crucible 10 mainly considers long service life and inclusion-free is brought in glass metal, the present invention selects to adopt precious metal and alloy material thereof, preferred employing platinum and alloy thereof, the gauge control of outer crucible 10 is at 0.5-2.5mm, and preferred thickness is 1-1.5mm.
The cross-sectional shape of outer crucible 10 on melt flow direction can select Polygons, circle etc. common there is symmetric geometrical shape, circular.Bottom outer crucible 10 is preferred, rounding is cylindrical, as shown in Figure 1,3, the low-speed region of melt flow near outer crucible 10 sidewall can be reduced like this, improve the Flow Field Distribution of glass metal outside in crucible 10, chamfering diameter is the 0.1-0.6 of the diameter of section of outer crucible 10, is preferably 0.3-0.5.
The refractory materials internal layer 14 contacted with outer crucible 10 mainly plays a part to support fixing outer crucible 10, makes outer crucible 10 deformation not occur.Therefore, preferably high-temperature mechanics intensity is good for refractory materials internal layer 14, and the refractory materials that the material expansion coefficient of the coefficient of expansion and outer crucible 10 is close.
The opening direction of interior crucible 4 adopts the mode of back-off to be arranged on Wai Guo 10 bottom center position, and interior crucible 4 has common center line with outer crucible 10, its shape is convex surface body structure, can be the common container shapes such as ball shape, spheroid-like, parabolic shape, aspheric surface, be preferably ball shape.Curved-surface structure preferably has symmetry, without angular structures.The convex surface of interior crucible 4 evenly has some through holes 16, flow for glass-guiding liquid, reduce the low-speed region of the melt flow around interior crucible 4, the residence time concentration degree of glass metal in glass melting set can be improved further, described residence time concentration degree refers to the percentage ratio accounting for total flux in for some time with a collection of glass metal discharge, and this value is larger, illustrates that its concentration degree is better, glass ingredient is more close to ideal composition, and physical and chemical performance is unreasonable to be thought.
During the through hole 16 on interior crucible 4 undersized, the flow velocity of glass metal when flowing near through hole 16 limit can slow down; And when the size of through hole 16 is larger, more be conducive to melt flow, but oversize through hole 16 can reduce the mechanical strength of interior crucible 4, therefore, need the size determining through hole 16 according to the size of interior crucible 4, the diameter of through hole 16 is preferably not more than 0.25 of the interior crucible 4 intersection girth crossing with outer crucible 10.Through hole 16 quantity is more, then the flowing of the glass metal in around crucible 4 is more even, and low-speed region is fewer, but if through hole 16 is too much, can affect again the mechanical property of interior crucible 4 entirety.Therefore, on interior crucible 4, the quantity of through hole 16 is preferably 3-25, and preferably through hole 16 size is equal, and preferred through hole 16 is evenly distributed on the convex surface of interior crucible 4.
The size of interior crucible 4 is determined according to the size of outer crucible 10, interior crucible 4 outside bottom crucible 10 area occupied be the 0.3-0.9 of outer crucible 10 bottom area, be preferably 0.5-0.8.Interior crucible 4 selects platinum and alloy material thereof to make, and gauge control is at 0.5-2.5mm, and preferred thickness is 1-1.5mm.
In addition, being preferably provided with a diameter at interior crucible 4 top center is the hole of 3-15mm, and preferred diameter is 4-9mm, for discharging the gas being gathered in interior crucible 4 top, prevents from forming gas-liquid interface herein, and interior crucible 4 material is corroded.In addition, be also conducive to improving the velocity field distribution of glass metal at interior pot 4 top, and then be conducive to improving glass quality.
Discharge nozzle 5 is arranged on bottom outer crucible 10, and its initiating terminal is positioned at bottom crucible 4, preferably the initiating terminal of discharge nozzle 5 is arranged on the bottom centre position of interior crucible 4.Discharge nozzle 5 is through outer interior crucible 4, outer crucible 10, refractory materials outer 13 and refractory materials internal layer 14, and the glass metal completed by incipient melting is transported to row's bubble in settling pond.The both port of origination of discharge nozzle 5 in interior crucible 4 does 45 ° of corner cut process, prevents from forming low-speed region around port.The cross section of discharge nozzle 5 can select common geometry, circular or ellipse, the 0.1-0.5 that its hydraulic diameter (length concept in hydromeehanics) is maximum height in interior crucible 4 outside crucible 10.Discharge nozzle 5 can select platinum and alloy material thereof to make, and discharge nozzle 5 gauge control is at 0.5-2.5mm, and preferred thickness is 1-1.5mm.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 gives the embodiment of two kinds of discharge nozzles 5, but discharge nozzle of the present invention 5 is also confined to above two kinds of designs incessantly.Glass metal is directly transferred out glass melting set by the discharge nozzle 5 in Fig. 1 bottom outer crucible 10.Fig. 3 provides the design of another kind of discharge nozzle 5, this discharge nozzle 5 is bent upwards after leaving interior crucible 4, then perforate on crucible 10 is outside needed according to physical location, discharge nozzle 5 is through after the perforate on outer crucible 10, glass metal is transferred out glass melting set, and the design of these two kinds of discharge nozzles 5 all can meet the needs of production high-quality glass.
Bubbling pipe 3 is inserted in outer crucible 10 from glass melting set outside, and it is inner to be deep into melten glass liquid, bubbling pipe 3 layout has two kinds of selections, the first is arranged on by bubbling pipe 3 bottom outer crucible 10, upwards install bubbling pipe 3 from melting appartus bottom vertical, the part of bubbling pipe 3 crucible 10 inside outside immerses in glass metal completely; The second is inserted glass metal downwards from melting appartus 2 top by glass metal surface by bubbling pipe 3, and which facilitates during situ production and carries out position adjustment according to product needed, makes bubbling action effect best.
Bubbling pipe 3 immerses the position of glass metal inside and glass liquid level 9 has relation, distance bottom preferred bubbling pipe 3 mouth of pipe to outer crucible 10 is no more than 0.5 of the distance bottom glass liquid level 9 to outer crucible 10, and the distance more preferably bottom bubbling pipe 3 mouth of pipe to outer crucible 10 is 0.2 to 0.3 of the distance bottom glass liquid level 9 to outer crucible 10.The quantity of bubbling pipe 3 can adjust according to molten glass quality.Bubbling pipe 3 internal diameter is 3-12mm, and preferred internal diameter is 3-7mm.The Material selec-tion of bubbling pipe 3 is platinum and alloy material thereof, and bubbling pipe 3 thickness is 0.5-2.5mm, and preferred thickness is 1-2mm.
The gas passed in bubbling pipe 3 is the mixed gas of oxidizing atmosphere gas, oxygen or oxygen and rare gas element, as pressurized air, is preferably dry oxygen-containing gas, is more preferably high purity oxygen gas.Preferred gas water content is lower than 4% volume fraction, preferred gas dew point is not higher than-75 DEG C, wherein, dew point refers in meteorology: vaporous water contained in air under fixation pressure reaches capacity state and condense into the temperature of being down to required for liquid water, temperature lower saturation water air pressure is less, that is, dew point is lower, and in gas, moisture content is lower.
In addition, the material of outer crucible 10, interior crucible 4, discharge nozzle 5 and bubbling pipe 3 is selected except considering mechanical strength and be anticorrosive, more importantly impurity can not be introduced, therefore, for some glass powder, platinum and alloy thereof may make it painted, at this moment should select other material, but preferably adopt same material to make outer crucible 10, interior crucible 4, discharge nozzle 5 and bubbling pipe 3, so both can prevent selected material from incorporating in glass metal, pollute glass metal, also consider structure expansion issues during convenient design.
The present invention has the glass melting set of above structure by adopting, effectively can extend the work-ing life of glass melting set, be in particular in following several respects:
By arranging the bubbling pipe 3 of oxidizing atmosphere gas in molten glass liquid process, the atmosphere problem in this glass melting set can be solved, melt-through process is made to remain in oxidizing atmosphere, reduce the etching problem to platinum and alloy thereof of reducing substance particle in glass ingredient or raw material, extend the work-ing life of glass melting set.
Bubbling pipe 3 is in sparging process, because gas density is less than glass metal, gas has the effect preventing from not melting powder and sink fast at floating-upward process, thus reduction raw material directly impacts the platinum material of the outer crucible 10 in bottom and interior crucible 4 and the possibility of corrosion platinum material, also has the effect changing glass metal interior flow field simultaneously.During bubbling, gas floats, and drive the glass metal around bubble to form upwelling, direction is contrary with gravity direction; And in the region far away apart from bubble, glass metal can form katabatic drainage, and direction is identical with gravity direction.Therefore, the bubbling pipe 3 of proper amt is arranged outside in crucible 10, just bubbling can be utilized the impact of melt flow, region outside the inside region be divided into bubbling pipe 3 to surround the glass metal in outer crucible 10 and bubbling pipe 3, thus effectively can reduce the chance of outer crucible 10 wall of powder contact, prevent not melting powder and directly contact precious metal wall, cause wall precious metal to be destroyed, affect glass melting set of the present invention work-ing life.In order to reach foregoing invention effect, the quantity of bubbling pipe 3 is preferably 2-6 root, and adopt geometry symmetric offset spread or equally spaced arrangement mode, be conducive to gas that bubbling pipe 3 bloats after floating to surface, the peripherad flow velocity of glass metal is substantially equal, thus obtains exterior lateral area in foregoing glass metal.On the other hand, in sparging process, also need the flow and the pressure that control bubbled gas, thus ensure the steady flow of bubbled gas.Gaseous tension and flow control can need to select according to scene, and preferred flow velocity is 60-450ml/min.In order to realize this invention effect, bubbling pipe 3 can insert glass metal downwards from top by glass metal surface, also bubbling pipe 3 can be arranged on bottom outer crucible 10.Bubbling pipe 3 can select straight tube and bend pipe, preferred bubbling pipe 3 blast gas float to glass metal surface time substantially not with bubble contact.The air outlet end that bubbling pipe 3 immerses in glass metal can adopt corner cut process, is conducive to the position controlling gas floating, reduces the operation easier of field control.
In addition, in the process of molten glass liquid, by limiting the material of refractory materials internal layer 14 contact with outer crucible 10, when also can effectively avoid heating, crucible 10 is subject to stress and cracks outward, thus extends the work-ing life of melting appartus of the present invention.When outer crucible 10 selects platinum and alloy material thereof, expand keep Harmony for making outer crucible 10 and refractory materials internal layer 14, according to the coefficient of expansion of platinum and alloy thereof, refractory materials internal layer 14 preferably thermal expansivity is 5x10
-6k
-1-15x10
-6k
-1scope in refractory materials, be more preferably thermal expansivity 8x10
-6k
-1-12x10
-6k
-1refractory materials in scope.The refractory materialss such as refractory materials internal layer 14 preferably magnesium aluminate, alpha-beta alumina.When outer crucible 10 selects other precious metals or its alloy material, refractory materials internal layer 14 can carry out the selection of refractory materials according to the thermal expansivity of this material.
The present invention has the glass melting set of above structure by adopting, can provide the following melting method that can melt high quality glass liquid.
First, when producing, as shown in Figure 4, to the certain power of the heating unit 11 in the cavity 15 in glass melting set 2 of the present invention, heat is made indirectly heat to be delivered to outer crucible 10 and internal space thereof by refractory materials internal layer 14, treat that temperature is elevated to a certain degree, glass batch thing powder is joined in outer crucible 10 body from the charging opening 1 at outer crucible 10 top, now keep glass liquid level 9 within the scope of technology controlling and process.By heating unit 11 supplying heat in reinforced process, the temperature of outer crucible 10 inside is made constantly to increase, feed back to Controlling System by temperature control unit 12 detected temperatures, the temperature range that final maintenance explained hereafter needs, thus make title complex powder produce chemical reaction, and form glass metal at a certain temperature.In melting process, bubbling pipe 3 will blast the oxidizing atmosphere gas of preheating always in glass metal.Powder is in melting process, due to action of gravity, interior crucible 4 diffluence of the convex surface structure of continuous lower portion, it is inner that glass metal enters interior crucible 4 by the through hole 16 on crucible 4 in convex surface structure, the glass metal that incipient melting completes is sent in settling pond 6 by discharge nozzle 5 port of interior crucible 4 inside, completes glass fusion process.The process of row's bubble is carried out in settling pond 6, again by pipe connecting 7, send into after the glass metal clarified is cooled to certain temperature in agitated pool 8 and carry out temperature and homogenization of composition process, after final glass liquid flows out from agitated pool 8, be cooled to mold temperature and enter molding procedure, glass liquid level 9 will be kept in whole fusion process to fluctuate within the scope of technology controlling and process.
And then, by the effect of the continuous bubbling of bubbling pipe 3, improve the Flow Field Distribution of glass metal in glass melting set 2.Because gas density is less than glass metal in sparging process, gas upwards floats, define the motion contrary with glass metal, thus change local flow direction and the speed of glass metal, add the residence time of regional area glass metal, there is the effect that obstruction does not melt powder sinking, the improvement of glass metal Flow Field Distribution decreases the accounting of the slow region of flowing at whole glass flow region, glass metal is mixed more abundant, glass ingredient homogeneity is better, thus make glassy product the physical and chemical performance such as specific refractory power, Abbe number evenly.
In molten glass process, by the discharge nozzle 5 adopting the cylindric outer crucible 10 of bottom periphery rounding to coordinate crucible 4 and port corner cut in convex surface structure, bubbling pipe 3 blasts gas also near wall or the melt flow of corner has pushing effect, break its original mobile equilibrium, melt flow is accelerated, effectively can improve the velocity field distribution of glass metal in melting process, reduce the accounting of the slow region of flowing at whole glass flow region, shorten with a collection of raw materials and discharging time poor, improve the residence time concentration degree of glass metal at glass melting set 2, improve glass ingredient homogeneity, glass metal is mixed more abundant, be conducive to improving glass quality.
In the above-mentioned glass melting process of employing, have employed continuous charging or the mode of intermittent feeding is to supply the raw material needed for molten glass, the glass liquid level 9 in outer crucible 10 can be kept all the time in the fluctuation range that production allows, to ensure stable glass flow rate, be conducive to producing the consistent product of physical and chemical performance.When adopting this feed way base feed, the height design of rational glass liquid level 9 is the prerequisites melting high quality glass liquid.Glass liquid level 9 is too high, can cause the overstand of incipient melting glass metal in glass melting set 2 formed, cause bubble to be got rid of too early or the strong coloring components of the oxidized formation of micro impurity element in glass, cause glass colour deviation; And glass liquid level 9 is too low, the residence time of incipient melting glass metal in glass melting set 2 can be caused too short, even there will be do not melt powder completely directly enter glass metal formed calculus, cause glass metal refining quality to decline.Therefore, the height of glass liquid level 9 is determined by the internal diameter of outer crucible 10, and the preferred heights of glass liquid level 9 is 1-2.4 times of outer crucible 10 internal diameter.
In above-mentioned melting method, the glass batch thing powder dropped into when feeding intake to reduce is to the impact of metal level, the flow effect formed when causing glass metal melt glass metal close to the portion temperature change of powder, preferred charging opening 1 is the 0.5-0.6 that glass liquid level 9 arrives the distance bottom outer crucible 10 to the height of glass liquid level 9.When selecting can also prevent from adding powder by such charging opening 1 position, powder directly impacts bottom glass melting set 2, causes glass melting set 2 to damage.
In above-mentioned melting method, in order to effectively prevent temperature of glass liquid field to be subject to thermal shocking, affecting the flow velocity field of glass metal in whole glass melting set 2, causing glass metal refining quality to fluctuate.Gas in bubbling pipe 3, before entering bubbling pipe 3, needs to carry out thermal pretreatment.Thermal pretreatment mode can adopt the conventional heating mode such as Resistant heating, globars heating by the gas heating before entering bubbling pipe, makes it reach required temperature range.Blast gas temperature and be preferably preheating to gas close to the glass metal temperature of fusion in glass melting set 2, preferably lower than the preheating gas of institute's molten glass liquid temp 50-150 DEG C.
And then, by the mode of model analysis, analyze by adopting glass melting set 2 of the present invention to be the flow field of incipient melting glass metal by a collection of melting sources, and by glass metal flow field analysis, record 3000 times being evenly distributed in the glass metal particle on glass liquid level 9 cross section and stopping in whole glass melting set 2, then count glass metal holdup concentration degree as shown in Figure 5, in Fig. 5, X-coordinate is the residence time often organizing particle, unit second; Ordinate zou is often organize holdup accounting.Residence time concentration degree is reflected in Fig. 5, peak of curve formed exactly and peak width at half height, and peak of curve is higher, and peak width at half height is less, illustrates that holdup concentration degree is higher; Otherwise peak of curve is lower, peak width at half height is wider, illustrates that holdup concentration degree is poorer, that is overstepping the bounds of propriety loose with the residence time of a collection of glass metal in glass melting set 2, more easily there is compositional difference in glass metal, thus makes the physical and chemical performance of product unstable.
In addition, also by the accounting of slow flow rate region in whole glass melting set 2 region in flow field in statistical simulation analytical results, the accounting of slow flow rate region in whole glass melting set 2 fluid mass obtaining adopting glass melting set 2 of the present invention to carry out when glass metal melts is 10.2%.Described slow flow rate region refers in whole melt flow process, 0.1 times that flow velocity is the fastest flow rate particle speed and the flow region shared by following particle.Consider glass melting set 2 Wall effect factor, the slow flow rate region accounting of 10.2% is ideal, can meet the needs of usual glass metal refining quality completely.
The inventive method is applicable to the fusing of the glass metal such as opticglass, borosilicate glass, is specially adapted to the fusing of environmental protection dense flint class glass, lanthanide glass, low melting glass, low refractive low dispersive glass.
And then the present invention is specially adapted to the glass fusion process of fusing amount at 1t/d and following load.
In addition, the present invention can also be used for adopting in opticglass glass dregs to be the melting process again of raw material.
Claims (14)
1. glass melting set, comprise outer crucible (10), bubbling pipe (3), discharge nozzle (5) and heating unit (11), described bubbling pipe (3) is inserted in outer crucible (10), it is characterized in that: the interior crucible (4) also comprising convex surface body structure, described interior crucible (4) is arranged on the bottom in outer crucible (10), and the convex surface of described interior crucible (4) is provided with some through holes (16).
2. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described interior crucible (4) is arranged on outer crucible (10) bottom center position, and interior crucible (4) and outer crucible (10) have common center line.
3. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described interior crucible (4) is ball shape, spheroid-like, parabolic shape, aspherical shape, is preferably ball shape.
4. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described through hole (16) is not more than 0.25 of interior crucible (4) the intersection girth crossing with outer crucible (10).
5. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of described through hole (16) is 3-25, and preferred size is equal is uniformly distributed.
6. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described interior crucible (4) outside crucible (10) bottom area occupied is the 0.3-0.9 of outer crucible (10) bottom area, is preferably 0.5-0.8.
7. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described discharge nozzle (5) is arranged on outer crucible (10) bottom, and its initiating terminal is positioned at crucible (4) bottom.
8. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described discharge nozzle (5) hydraulic diameter is interior crucible (4) 0.1-0.5 of maximum height in crucible (10) outside.
9. glass melting set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: what described outer crucible (10) was bottom rounding is cylindrical, chamfering diameter is the 0.1-0.6 of the diameter of section of outer crucible (10).
10. glass melting process, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) glass batch thing powder is joined in outer crucible (10);
2) powder is being fused in glass metal process, and constantly to interior crucible (4) diffluence of the convex surface structure be arranged on bottom outer crucible (10), and it is inner to enter interior crucible (4) by through hole (16);
3) glass metal that incipient melting completes flows out from discharge nozzle (5), completes glass fusion process.
11. glass melting process as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: in glass fusion process, bubbling pipe (3) blasts the oxidizing atmosphere gas of preheating always in glass metal, improve the Flow Field Distribution of glass metal, decrease the accounting of the slow region of flowing at whole glass flow region, glass metal is mixed more abundant.
12. glass melting process as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: coordinate the interior crucible (4) of convex surface structure and the discharge nozzle (5) of port corner cut by adopting the cylindric outer crucible (10) of bottom periphery rounding, bubbling pipe (3) blasts gas near wall or the melt flow of corner has pushing effect, melt flow is accelerated, effectively can improve the velocity field distribution of glass metal in melting process, reduce the slow region of flowing in the accounting of whole glass flow region, improve glass metal residence time concentration degree.
13. glass melting process as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that: in glass fusion process, and the height of glass liquid level (9) is 1-2.4 times of outer crucible (10) internal diameter, can melt high quality glass liquid.
14. glass melting process as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: in glass fusion process, it is be preheating to the gas close to glass metal temperature of fusion that bubbling pipe (3) blasts gas temperature, preferably lower than the preheating gas of institute's molten glass liquid temp 50-150 DEG C, temperature of glass liquid field can be effectively prevented to be subject to thermal shocking, affect the flow velocity field of glass metal in whole melting appartus, cause glass metal refining quality to fluctuate.
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